fix packed buffer

Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.ai/instructions.md

@@ -172,8 +172,7 @@ This document provides essential context for AI models interacting with this pro
 
     *   **C++ Class Pattern:**
         ```cpp
-        namespace esphome {
-        namespace my_component {
+        namespace esphome::my_component {
 
         class MyComponent : public Component {
          public:
@@ -189,8 +188,7 @@ This document provides essential context for AI models interacting with this pro
           int param_{0};
         };
 
-        }  // namespace my_component
-        }  // namespace esphome
+        }  // namespace esphome::my_component
         ```
 
     *   **Common Component Examples:**
@@ -278,12 +276,12 @@ This document provides essential context for AI models interacting with this pro
 ## 7. Specific Instructions for AI Collaboration
 
 *   **Contribution Workflow (Pull Request Process):**
-    1.  **Fork & Branch:** Create a new branch in your fork.
+    1.  **Fork & Branch:** Create a new branch based on the `dev` branch (always use `git checkout -b <branch-name> dev` to ensure you're branching from `dev`, not the currently checked out branch).
     2.  **Make Changes:** Adhere to all coding conventions and patterns.
     3.  **Test:** Create component tests for all supported platforms and run the full test suite locally.
     4.  **Lint:** Run `pre-commit` to ensure code is compliant.
     5.  **Commit:** Commit your changes. There is no strict format for commit messages.
-    6.  **Pull Request:** Submit a PR against the `dev` branch. The Pull Request title should have a prefix of the component being worked on (e.g., `[display] Fix bug`, `[abc123] Add new component`). Update documentation, examples, and add `CODEOWNERS` entries as needed. Pull requests should always be made with the PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md template filled out correctly.
+    6.  **Pull Request:** Submit a PR against the `dev` branch. The Pull Request title should have a prefix of the component being worked on (e.g., `[display] Fix bug`, `[abc123] Add new component`). Update documentation, examples, and add `CODEOWNERS` entries as needed. Pull requests should always be made using the `.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md` template - fill out all sections completely without removing any parts of the template.
 
 *   **Documentation Contributions:**
     *   Documentation is hosted in the separate `esphome/esphome-docs` repository.
@@ -295,6 +293,12 @@ This document provides essential context for AI models interacting with this pro
     *   **Configuration Design:** Aim for simplicity with sensible defaults, while allowing for advanced customization.
     *   **Embedded Systems Optimization:** ESPHome targets resource-constrained microcontrollers. Be mindful of flash size and RAM usage.
 
+        **Why Heap Allocation Matters:**
+
+        ESP devices run for months with small heaps shared between Wi-Fi, BLE, LWIP, and application code. Over time, repeated allocations of different sizes fragment the heap. Failures happen when the largest contiguous block shrinks, even if total free heap is still large. We have seen field crashes caused by this.
+
+        **Heap allocation after `setup()` should be avoided unless absolutely unavoidable.** Every allocation/deallocation cycle contributes to fragmentation. ESPHome treats runtime heap allocation as a long-term reliability bug, not a performance issue. Helpers that hide allocation (`std::string`, `std::to_string`, string-returning helpers) are being deprecated and replaced with buffer and view based APIs.
+
         **STL Container Guidelines:**
 
         ESPHome runs on embedded systems with limited resources. Choose containers carefully:
@@ -324,15 +328,15 @@ This document provides essential context for AI models interacting with this pro
            std::array<uint8_t, 256> buffer;
            ```
 
-        2. **Compile-time-known fixed sizes with vector-like API:** Use `StaticVector` from `esphome/core/helpers.h` for fixed-size stack allocation with `push_back()` interface.
+        2. **Compile-time-known fixed sizes with vector-like API:** Use `StaticVector` from `esphome/core/helpers.h` for compile-time fixed size with `push_back()` interface (no dynamic allocation).
            ```cpp
            // Bad - generates STL realloc code (_M_realloc_insert)
            std::vector<ServiceRecord> services;
            services.reserve(5);  // Still includes reallocation machinery
 
-           // Good - compile-time fixed size, stack allocated, no reallocation machinery
-           StaticVector<ServiceRecord, MAX_SERVICES> services;  // Allocates all MAX_SERVICES on stack
-           services.push_back(record1);  // Tracks count but all slots allocated
+           // Good - compile-time fixed size, no dynamic allocation
+           StaticVector<ServiceRecord, MAX_SERVICES> services;
+           services.push_back(record1);
            ```
            Use `cg.add_define("MAX_SERVICES", count)` to set the size from Python configuration.
            Like `std::array` but with vector-like API (`push_back()`, `size()`) and no STL reallocation code.
@@ -374,22 +378,21 @@ This document provides essential context for AI models interacting with this pro
            ```
            Linear search on small datasets (1-16 elements) is often faster than hashing/tree overhead, but this depends on lookup frequency and access patterns. For frequent lookups in hot code paths, the O(1) vs O(n) complexity difference may still matter even for small datasets. `std::vector` with simple structs is usually fine—it's the heavy containers (`map`, `set`, `unordered_map`) that should be avoided for small datasets unless profiling shows otherwise.
 
-        5. **Detection:** Look for these patterns in compiler output:
+        5. **Avoid `std::deque`:** It allocates in 512-byte blocks regardless of element size, guaranteeing at least 512 bytes of RAM usage immediately. This is a major source of crashes on memory-constrained devices.
+
+        6. **Detection:** Look for these patterns in compiler output:
            - Large code sections with STL symbols (vector, map, set)
            - `alloc`, `realloc`, `dealloc` in symbol names
            - `_M_realloc_insert`, `_M_default_append` (vector reallocation)
            - Red-black tree code (`rb_tree`, `_Rb_tree`)
            - Hash table infrastructure (`unordered_map`, `hash`)
 
-        **When to optimize:**
+        **Prioritize optimization effort for:**
         - Core components (API, network, logger)
         - Widely-used components (mdns, wifi, ble)
         - Components causing flash size complaints
 
-        **When not to optimize:**
-        - Single-use niche components
-        - Code where readability matters more than bytes
-        - Already using appropriate containers
+        Note: Avoiding heap allocation after `setup()` is always required regardless of component type. The prioritization above is about the effort spent on container optimization (e.g., migrating from `std::vector` to `StaticVector`).
 
     *   **State Management:** Use `CORE.data` for component state that needs to persist during configuration generation. Avoid module-level mutable globals.
 
@@ -404,35 +407,45 @@ This document provides essential context for AI models interacting with this pro
             _use_feature = True
         ```
 
-        **Good Pattern (CORE.data with Helpers):**
+        **Bad Pattern (Flat Keys):**
         ```python
+        # Don't do this - keys should be namespaced under component domain
+        MY_FEATURE_KEY = "my_component_feature"
+        CORE.data[MY_FEATURE_KEY] = True
+        ```
+
+        **Good Pattern (dataclass):**
+        ```python
+        from dataclasses import dataclass, field
         from esphome.core import CORE
 
-        # Keys for CORE.data storage
-        COMPONENT_STATE_KEY = "my_component_state"
-        USE_FEATURE_KEY = "my_component_use_feature"
+        DOMAIN = "my_component"
 
-        def _get_component_state() -> list:
-            """Get component state from CORE.data."""
-            return CORE.data.setdefault(COMPONENT_STATE_KEY, [])
+        @dataclass
+        class MyComponentData:
+            feature_enabled: bool = False
+            item_count: int = 0
+            items: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
 
-        def _get_use_feature() -> bool | None:
-            """Get feature flag from CORE.data."""
-            return CORE.data.get(USE_FEATURE_KEY)
+        def _get_data() -> MyComponentData:
+            if DOMAIN not in CORE.data:
+                CORE.data[DOMAIN] = MyComponentData()
+            return CORE.data[DOMAIN]
 
-        def _set_use_feature(value: bool) -> None:
-            """Set feature flag in CORE.data."""
-            CORE.data[USE_FEATURE_KEY] = value
+        def request_feature() -> None:
+            _get_data().feature_enabled = True
 
-        def enable_feature():
-            _set_use_feature(True)
+        def add_item(item: str) -> None:
+            _get_data().items.append(item)
         ```
 
+        If you need a real-world example, search for components that use `@dataclass` with `CORE.data` in the codebase. Note: Some components may use `TypedDict` for dictionary-based storage; both patterns are acceptable depending on your needs.
+
         **Why this matters:**
         - Module-level globals persist between compilation runs if the dashboard doesn't fork/exec
         - `CORE.data` automatically clears between runs
-        - Typed helper functions provide better IDE support and maintainability
-        - Encapsulation makes state management explicit and testable
+        - Namespacing under `DOMAIN` prevents key collisions between components
+        - `@dataclass` provides type safety and cleaner attribute access
 
 *   **Security:** Be mindful of security when making changes to the API, web server, or any other network-related code. Do not hardcode secrets or keys.
 

.clang-tidy.hash

@@ -1 +1 @@
-3d46b63015d761c85ca9cb77ab79a389509e5776701fb22aed16e7b79d432c0c
+d272a88e8ca28ae9340a9a03295a566432a52cb696501908f57764475bf7ca65

.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 - [ ] Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
 - [ ] New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
 - [ ] Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
+- [ ] Developer breaking change (an API change that could break external components)
 - [ ] Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests
 - [ ] Other
 

.github/actions/restore-python/action.yml

@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ runs:
   steps:
     - name: Set up Python ${{ inputs.python-version }}
       id: python
-      uses: actions/setup-python@e797f83bcb11b83ae66e0230d6156d7c80228e7c # v6.0.0
+      uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
       with:
         python-version: ${{ inputs.python-version }}
     - name: Restore Python virtual environment
       id: cache-venv
-      uses: actions/cache/restore@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+      uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
       with:
         path: venv
         # yamllint disable-line rule:line-length

.github/workflows/auto-label-pr.yml

@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ jobs:
     if: github.event.action != 'labeled' || github.event.sender.type != 'Bot'
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
 
       - name: Generate a token
         id: generate-token
-        uses: actions/create-github-app-token@67018539274d69449ef7c02e8e71183d1719ab42 # v2
+        uses: actions/create-github-app-token@29824e69f54612133e76f7eaac726eef6c875baf # v2
         with:
           app-id: ${{ secrets.ESPHOME_GITHUB_APP_ID }}
           private-key: ${{ secrets.ESPHOME_GITHUB_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ jobs:
               'bugfix',
               'new-feature',
               'breaking-change',
+              'developer-breaking-change',
               'code-quality'
             ];
 
@@ -367,6 +368,7 @@ jobs:
                 { pattern: /- \[x\] Bugfix \(non-breaking change which fixes an issue\)/i, label: 'bugfix' },
                 { pattern: /- \[x\] New feature \(non-breaking change which adds functionality\)/i, label: 'new-feature' },
                 { pattern: /- \[x\] Breaking change \(fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected\)/i, label: 'breaking-change' },
+                { pattern: /- \[x\] Developer breaking change \(an API change that could break external components\)/i, label: 'developer-breaking-change' },
                 { pattern: /- \[x\] Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests/i, label: 'code-quality' }
               ];
 

.github/workflows/ci-api-proto.yml

@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@e797f83bcb11b83ae66e0230d6156d7c80228e7c # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.11"
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
         run: git diff
       - if: failure()
         name: Archive artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@b7c566a772e6b6bfb58ed0dc250532a479d7789f # v6.0.0
         with:
           name: generated-proto-files
           path: |

.github/workflows/ci-clang-tidy-hash.yml

@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
 
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@e797f83bcb11b83ae66e0230d6156d7c80228e7c # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.11"
 

.github/workflows/ci-docker.yml

@@ -43,13 +43,13 @@ jobs:
           - "docker"
           # - "lint"
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@e797f83bcb11b83ae66e0230d6156d7c80228e7c # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.11"
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@e468171a9de216ec08956ac3ada2f0791b6bd435 # v3.11.1
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@8d2750c68a42422c14e847fe6c8ac0403b4cbd6f # v3.12.0
 
       - name: Set TAG
         run: |

.github/workflows/ci-memory-impact-comment.yml

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Check out code from base repository
         if: steps.pr.outputs.skip != 'true'
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
         with:
           # Always check out from the base repository (esphome/esphome), never from forks
           # Use the PR's target branch to ensure we run trusted code from the main repo

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -36,18 +36,18 @@ jobs:
       cache-key: ${{ steps.cache-key.outputs.key }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: Generate cache-key
         id: cache-key
         run: echo key="${{ hashFiles('requirements.txt', 'requirements_test.txt', '.pre-commit-config.yaml') }}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Set up Python ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
         id: python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@e797f83bcb11b83ae66e0230d6156d7c80228e7c # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
       - name: Restore Python virtual environment
         id: cache-venv
-        uses: actions/cache@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: venv
           # yamllint disable-line rule:line-length
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ jobs:
     if: needs.determine-jobs.outputs.python-linters == 'true'
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ jobs:
       - common
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ jobs:
       - common
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: Restore Python
         id: restore-python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
@@ -152,12 +152,12 @@ jobs:
           . venv/bin/activate
           pytest -vv --cov-report=xml --tb=native -n auto tests --ignore=tests/integration/
       - name: Upload coverage to Codecov
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@5a1091511ad55cbe89839c7260b706298ca349f7 # v5.5.1
+        uses: codecov/codecov-action@671740ac38dd9b0130fbe1cec585b89eea48d3de # v5.5.2
         with:
           token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
       - name: Save Python virtual environment cache
         if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache/save@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache/save@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: venv
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ steps.restore-python.outputs.python-version }}-venv-${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ jobs:
       component-test-batches: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.component-test-batches }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
         with:
           # Fetch enough history to find the merge base
           fetch-depth: 2
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ jobs:
           python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
           cache-key: ${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
       - name: Restore components graph cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: .temp/components_graph.json
           key: components-graph-${{ hashFiles('esphome/components/**/*.py') }}
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "component-test-batches=$(echo "$output" | jq -c '.component_test_batches')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Save components graph cache
         if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache/save@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache/save@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: .temp/components_graph.json
           key: components-graph-${{ hashFiles('esphome/components/**/*.py') }}
@@ -237,15 +237,15 @@ jobs:
     if: needs.determine-jobs.outputs.integration-tests == 'true'
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: Set up Python 3.13
         id: python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@e797f83bcb11b83ae66e0230d6156d7c80228e7c # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.13"
       - name: Restore Python virtual environment
         id: cache-venv
-        uses: actions/cache@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: venv
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ steps.python.outputs.python-version }}-venv-${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ jobs:
     if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && (needs.determine-jobs.outputs.cpp-unit-tests-run-all == 'true' || needs.determine-jobs.outputs.cpp-unit-tests-components != '[]')
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
 
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
         with:
           # Need history for HEAD~1 to work for checking changed files
           fetch-depth: 2
@@ -334,14 +334,14 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Cache platformio
         if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-${{ matrix.pio_cache_key }}-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
 
       - name: Cache platformio
         if: github.ref != 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-${{ matrix.pio_cache_key }}-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ jobs:
       GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
         with:
           # Need history for HEAD~1 to work for checking changed files
           fetch-depth: 2
@@ -413,14 +413,14 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Cache platformio
         if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-tidyesp32-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
 
       - name: Cache platformio
         if: github.ref != 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-tidyesp32-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
         with:
           # Need history for HEAD~1 to work for checking changed files
           fetch-depth: 2
@@ -502,14 +502,14 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Cache platformio
         if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-tidyesp32-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
 
       - name: Cache platformio
         if: github.ref != 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-tidyesp32-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
@@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ jobs:
           version: 1.0
 
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
@@ -662,13 +662,13 @@ jobs:
     if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !startsWith(github.base_ref, 'beta') && !startsWith(github.base_ref, 'release')
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
           cache-key: ${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
-      - uses: esphome/action@43cd1109c09c544d97196f7730ee5b2e0cc6d81e # v3.0.1 fork with pinned actions/cache
+      - uses: esphome/pre-commit-action@43cd1109c09c544d97196f7730ee5b2e0cc6d81e # v3.0.1 fork with pinned actions/cache
         env:
           SKIP: pylint,clang-tidy-hash
       - uses: pre-commit-ci/lite-action@5d6cc0eb514c891a40562a58a8e71576c5c7fb43 # v1.1.0
@@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ jobs:
       skip: ${{ steps.check-script.outputs.skip }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out target branch
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
         with:
           ref: ${{ github.base_ref }}
 
@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Restore cached memory analysis
         id: cache-memory-analysis
         if: steps.check-script.outputs.skip != 'true'
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: memory-analysis-target.json
           key: ${{ steps.cache-key.outputs.cache-key }}
@@ -759,7 +759,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Cache platformio
         if: steps.check-script.outputs.skip != 'true' && steps.cache-memory-analysis.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-memory-${{ fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).platform }}-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Save memory analysis to cache
         if: steps.check-script.outputs.skip != 'true' && steps.cache-memory-analysis.outputs.cache-hit != 'true' && steps.build.outcome == 'success'
-        uses: actions/cache/save@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache/save@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: memory-analysis-target.json
           key: ${{ steps.cache-key.outputs.cache-key }}
@@ -821,7 +821,7 @@ jobs:
           fi
 
       - name: Upload memory analysis JSON
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@b7c566a772e6b6bfb58ed0dc250532a479d7789f # v6.0.0
         with:
           name: memory-analysis-target
           path: memory-analysis-target.json
@@ -840,14 +840,14 @@ jobs:
       flash_usage: ${{ steps.extract.outputs.flash_usage }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out PR branch
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
           cache-key: ${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
       - name: Cache platformio
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-memory-${{ fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).platform }}-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
@@ -885,7 +885,7 @@ jobs:
             --platform "$platform"
 
       - name: Upload memory analysis JSON
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@b7c566a772e6b6bfb58ed0dc250532a479d7789f # v6.0.0
         with:
           name: memory-analysis-pr
           path: memory-analysis-pr.json
@@ -908,20 +908,20 @@ jobs:
       GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
           cache-key: ${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
       - name: Download target analysis JSON
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@018cc2cf5baa6db3ef3c5f8a56943fffe632ef53 # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@37930b1c2abaa49bbe596cd826c3c89aef350131 # v7.0.0
         with:
           name: memory-analysis-target
           path: ./memory-analysis
         continue-on-error: true
       - name: Download PR analysis JSON
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@018cc2cf5baa6db3ef3c5f8a56943fffe632ef53 # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@37930b1c2abaa49bbe596cd826c3c89aef350131 # v7.0.0
         with:
           name: memory-analysis-pr
           path: ./memory-analysis
@@ -959,13 +959,13 @@ jobs:
       - memory-impact-comment
     if: always()
     steps:
-      - name: Success
-        if: ${{ !(contains(needs.*.result, 'failure')) }}
-        run: exit 0
-      - name: Failure
-        if: ${{ contains(needs.*.result, 'failure') }}
+      - name: Check job results
         env:
-          JSON_DOC: ${{ toJSON(needs) }}
+          NEEDS_JSON: ${{ toJSON(needs) }}
         run: |
-          echo $JSON_DOC | jq
-          exit 1
+          # memory-impact-target-branch is allowed to fail without blocking CI.
+          # This job builds the target branch (dev/beta/release) which may fail because:
+          # 1. The target branch has a build issue independent of this PR
+          # 2. This PR fixes a build issue on the target branch
+          # In either case, we only care that the PR branch builds successfully.
+          echo "$NEEDS_JSON" | jq -e 'del(.["memory-impact-target-branch"]) | all(.result != "failure")'

.github/workflows/codeowner-review-request.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
   request-codeowner-reviews:
     name: Run
-    if: ${{ !github.event.pull_request.draft }}
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'esphome/esphome' && !github.event.pull_request.draft }}
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Request reviews from component codeowners

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -54,11 +54,11 @@ jobs:
             # your codebase is analyzed, see https://docs.github.com/en/code-security/code-scanning/creating-an-advanced-setup-for-code-scanning/codeql-code-scanning-for-compiled-languages
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
 
       # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
       - name: Initialize CodeQL
-        uses: github/codeql-action/init@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee # v4.31.2
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
         with:
           languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
           build-mode: ${{ matrix.build-mode }}
@@ -86,6 +86,6 @@ jobs:
           exit 1
 
       - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee # v4.31.2
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
         with:
           category: "/language:${{matrix.language}}"

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
       branch_build: ${{ steps.tag.outputs.branch_build }}
       deploy_env: ${{ steps.tag.outputs.deploy_env }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: Get tag
         id: tag
         # yamllint disable rule:line-length
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ jobs:
       contents: read
       id-token: write
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@e797f83bcb11b83ae66e0230d6156d7c80228e7c # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.x"
       - name: Build
@@ -92,14 +92,14 @@ jobs:
             os: "ubuntu-24.04-arm"
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@e797f83bcb11b83ae66e0230d6156d7c80228e7c # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.11"
 
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@e468171a9de216ec08956ac3ada2f0791b6bd435 # v3.11.1
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@8d2750c68a42422c14e847fe6c8ac0403b4cbd6f # v3.12.0
 
       - name: Log in to docker hub
         uses: docker/login-action@5e57cd118135c172c3672efd75eb46360885c0ef # v3.6.0
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ jobs:
       #     version: ${{ needs.init.outputs.tag }}
 
       - name: Upload digests
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@b7c566a772e6b6bfb58ed0dc250532a479d7789f # v6.0.0
         with:
           name: digests-${{ matrix.platform.arch }}
           path: /tmp/digests
@@ -168,17 +168,17 @@ jobs:
           - ghcr
           - dockerhub
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
 
       - name: Download digests
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@018cc2cf5baa6db3ef3c5f8a56943fffe632ef53 # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@37930b1c2abaa49bbe596cd826c3c89aef350131 # v7.0.0
         with:
           pattern: digests-*
           path: /tmp/digests
           merge-multiple: true
 
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@e468171a9de216ec08956ac3ada2f0791b6bd435 # v3.11.1
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@8d2750c68a42422c14e847fe6c8ac0403b4cbd6f # v3.12.0
 
       - name: Log in to docker hub
         if: matrix.registry == 'dockerhub'
@@ -219,10 +219,19 @@ jobs:
       - init
       - deploy-manifest
     steps:
+      - name: Generate a token
+        id: generate-token
+        uses: actions/create-github-app-token@29824e69f54612133e76f7eaac726eef6c875baf # v2.2.1
+        with:
+          app-id: ${{ secrets.ESPHOME_GITHUB_APP_ID }}
+          private-key: ${{ secrets.ESPHOME_GITHUB_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          owner: esphome
+          repositories: home-assistant-addon
+
       - name: Trigger Workflow
         uses: actions/github-script@ed597411d8f924073f98dfc5c65a23a2325f34cd # v8.0.0
         with:
-          github-token: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_HA_ADDON_REPO_TOKEN }}
+          github-token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
           script: |
             let description = "ESPHome";
             if (context.eventName == "release") {
@@ -245,10 +254,19 @@ jobs:
     needs: [init]
     environment: ${{ needs.init.outputs.deploy_env }}
     steps:
+      - name: Generate a token
+        id: generate-token
+        uses: actions/create-github-app-token@29824e69f54612133e76f7eaac726eef6c875baf # v2.2.1
+        with:
+          app-id: ${{ secrets.ESPHOME_GITHUB_APP_ID }}
+          private-key: ${{ secrets.ESPHOME_GITHUB_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          owner: esphome
+          repositories: esphome-schema
+
       - name: Trigger Workflow
         uses: actions/github-script@ed597411d8f924073f98dfc5c65a23a2325f34cd # v8.0.0
         with:
-          github-token: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_ESPHOME_SCHEMA_REPO_TOKEN }}
+          github-token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
           script: |
             github.rest.actions.createWorkflowDispatch({
               owner: "esphome",
@@ -259,3 +277,34 @@ jobs:
                 version: "${{ needs.init.outputs.tag }}",
               }
             })
+
+  version-notifier:
+    if: github.repository == 'esphome/esphome' && needs.init.outputs.branch_build == 'false'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs:
+      - init
+      - deploy-manifest
+    steps:
+      - name: Generate a token
+        id: generate-token
+        uses: actions/create-github-app-token@29824e69f54612133e76f7eaac726eef6c875baf # v2.2.1
+        with:
+          app-id: ${{ secrets.ESPHOME_GITHUB_APP_ID }}
+          private-key: ${{ secrets.ESPHOME_GITHUB_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          owner: esphome
+          repositories: version-notifier
+
+      - name: Trigger Workflow
+        uses: actions/github-script@ed597411d8f924073f98dfc5c65a23a2325f34cd # v8.0.0
+        with:
+          github-token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
+          script: |
+            github.rest.actions.createWorkflowDispatch({
+              owner: "esphome",
+              repo: "version-notifier",
+              workflow_id: "notify.yml",
+              ref: "main",
+              inputs: {
+                version: "${{ needs.init.outputs.tag }}",
+              }
+            })

.github/workflows/stale.yml

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Stale
-        uses: actions/stale@5f858e3efba33a5ca4407a664cc011ad407f2008 # v10.1.0
+        uses: actions/stale@997185467fa4f803885201cee163a9f38240193d # v10.1.1
         with:
           debug-only: ${{ github.ref != 'refs/heads/dev' }} # Dry-run when not run on dev branch
           remove-stale-when-updated: true

.github/workflows/sync-device-classes.yml

@@ -13,16 +13,16 @@ jobs:
     if: github.repository == 'esphome/esphome'
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
 
       - name: Checkout Home Assistant
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
         with:
           repository: home-assistant/core
           path: lib/home-assistant
 
       - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@e797f83bcb11b83ae66e0230d6156d7c80228e7c # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
         with:
           python-version: 3.13
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ jobs:
           python script/run-in-env.py pre-commit run --all-files
 
       - name: Commit changes
-        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@271a8d0340265f705b14b6d32b9829c1cb33d45e # v7.0.8
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@98357b18bf14b5342f975ff684046ec3b2a07725 # v8.0.0
         with:
           commit-message: "Synchronise Device Classes from Home Assistant"
           committer: esphomebot <esphome@openhomefoundation.org>

.gitignore

@@ -91,6 +91,10 @@ venv-*/
 # mypy
 .mypy_cache/
 
+# nix
+/default.nix
+/shell.nix
+
 .pioenvs
 .piolibdeps
 .pio

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ci:
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
     # Ruff version.
-    rev: v0.14.4
+    rev: v0.14.11
     hooks:
       # Run the linter.
       - id: ruff

CODEOWNERS

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ esphome/components/adc128s102/* @DeerMaximum
 esphome/components/addressable_light/* @justfalter
 esphome/components/ade7880/* @kpfleming
 esphome/components/ade7953/* @angelnu
+esphome/components/ade7953_base/* @angelnu
 esphome/components/ade7953_i2c/* @angelnu
 esphome/components/ade7953_spi/* @angelnu
 esphome/components/ads1118/* @solomondg1
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ esphome/components/animation/* @syndlex
 esphome/components/anova/* @buxtronix
 esphome/components/apds9306/* @aodrenah
 esphome/components/api/* @esphome/core
+esphome/components/aqi/* @freekode @jasstrong @ximex
 esphome/components/as5600/* @ammmze
 esphome/components/as5600/sensor/* @ammmze
 esphome/components/as7341/* @mrgnr
@@ -72,6 +74,7 @@ esphome/components/bl0942/* @dbuezas @dwmw2
 esphome/components/ble_client/* @buxtronix @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/ble_nus/* @tomaszduda23
 esphome/components/bluetooth_proxy/* @bdraco @jesserockz
+esphome/components/bm8563/* @abmantis
 esphome/components/bme280_base/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/bme280_spi/* @apbodrov
 esphome/components/bme680_bsec/* @trvrnrth
@@ -88,6 +91,7 @@ esphome/components/bmp3xx_spi/* @latonita
 esphome/components/bmp581/* @kahrendt
 esphome/components/bp1658cj/* @Cossid
 esphome/components/bp5758d/* @Cossid
+esphome/components/bthome_mithermometer/* @nagyrobi
 esphome/components/button/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/bytebuffer/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/camera/* @bdraco @DT-art1
@@ -95,6 +99,7 @@ esphome/components/camera_encoder/* @DT-art1
 esphome/components/canbus/* @danielschramm @mvturnho
 esphome/components/cap1188/* @mreditor97
 esphome/components/captive_portal/* @esphome/core
+esphome/components/cc1101/* @gabest11 @lygris
 esphome/components/ccs811/* @habbie
 esphome/components/cd74hc4067/* @asoehlke
 esphome/components/ch422g/* @clydebarrow @jesterret
@@ -130,7 +135,7 @@ esphome/components/display_menu_base/* @numo68
 esphome/components/dps310/* @kbx81
 esphome/components/ds1307/* @badbadc0ffee
 esphome/components/ds2484/* @mrk-its
-esphome/components/dsmr/* @glmnet @zuidwijk
+esphome/components/dsmr/* @glmnet @PolarGoose @zuidwijk
 esphome/components/duty_time/* @dudanov
 esphome/components/ee895/* @Stock-M
 esphome/components/ektf2232/touchscreen/* @jesserockz
@@ -188,6 +193,7 @@ esphome/components/gps/* @coogle @ximex
 esphome/components/graph/* @synco
 esphome/components/graphical_display_menu/* @MrMDavidson
 esphome/components/gree/* @orestismers
+esphome/components/gree/switch/* @nagyrobi
 esphome/components/grove_gas_mc_v2/* @YorkshireIoT
 esphome/components/grove_tb6612fng/* @max246
 esphome/components/growatt_solar/* @leeuwte
@@ -202,12 +208,16 @@ esphome/components/havells_solar/* @sourabhjaiswal
 esphome/components/hbridge/fan/* @WeekendWarrior
 esphome/components/hbridge/light/* @DotNetDann
 esphome/components/hbridge/switch/* @dwmw2
+esphome/components/hc8/* @omartijn
 esphome/components/hdc2010/* @optimusprimespace @ssieb
 esphome/components/he60r/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/heatpumpir/* @rob-deutsch
 esphome/components/hitachi_ac424/* @sourabhjaiswal
+esphome/components/hlk_fm22x/* @OnFreund
+esphome/components/hlw8032/* @rici4kubicek
 esphome/components/hm3301/* @freekode
 esphome/components/hmac_md5/* @dwmw2
+esphome/components/hmac_sha256/* @dwmw2
 esphome/components/homeassistant/* @esphome/core @OttoWinter
 esphome/components/homeassistant/number/* @landonr
 esphome/components/homeassistant/switch/* @Links2004
@@ -221,6 +231,7 @@ esphome/components/hte501/* @Stock-M
 esphome/components/http_request/ota/* @oarcher
 esphome/components/http_request/update/* @jesserockz
 esphome/components/htu31d/* @betterengineering
+esphome/components/hub75/* @stuartparmenter
 esphome/components/hydreon_rgxx/* @functionpointer
 esphome/components/hyt271/* @Philippe12
 esphome/components/i2c/* @esphome/core
@@ -238,6 +249,7 @@ esphome/components/ina260/* @mreditor97
 esphome/components/ina2xx_base/* @latonita
 esphome/components/ina2xx_i2c/* @latonita
 esphome/components/ina2xx_spi/* @latonita
+esphome/components/infrared/* @kbx81
 esphome/components/inkbird_ibsth1_mini/* @fkirill
 esphome/components/inkplate/* @jesserockz @JosipKuci
 esphome/components/integration/* @OttoWinter
@@ -300,7 +312,7 @@ esphome/components/md5/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/mdns/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/media_player/* @jesserockz
 esphome/components/micro_wake_word/* @jesserockz @kahrendt
-esphome/components/micronova/* @jorre05
+esphome/components/micronova/* @edenhaus @jorre05
 esphome/components/microphone/* @jesserockz @kahrendt
 esphome/components/mics_4514/* @jesserockz
 esphome/components/midea/* @dudanov
@@ -384,6 +396,7 @@ esphome/components/radon_eye_rd200/* @jeffeb3
 esphome/components/rc522/* @glmnet
 esphome/components/rc522_i2c/* @glmnet
 esphome/components/rc522_spi/* @glmnet
+esphome/components/rd03d/* @jasstrong
 esphome/components/resampler/speaker/* @kahrendt
 esphome/components/restart/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/rf_bridge/* @jesserockz
@@ -395,6 +408,7 @@ esphome/components/rpi_dpi_rgb/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/rtl87xx/* @kuba2k2
 esphome/components/rtttl/* @glmnet
 esphome/components/runtime_stats/* @bdraco
+esphome/components/rx8130/* @beormund
 esphome/components/safe_mode/* @jsuanet @kbx81 @paulmonigatti
 esphome/components/scd4x/* @martgras @sjtrny
 esphome/components/script/* @esphome/core
@@ -458,6 +472,7 @@ esphome/components/st7735/* @SenexCrenshaw
 esphome/components/st7789v/* @kbx81
 esphome/components/st7920/* @marsjan155
 esphome/components/statsd/* @Links2004
+esphome/components/stts22h/* @B48D81EFCC
 esphome/components/substitutions/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/sun/* @OttoWinter
 esphome/components/sun_gtil2/* @Mat931
@@ -479,6 +494,7 @@ esphome/components/template/datetime/* @rfdarter
 esphome/components/template/event/* @nohat
 esphome/components/template/fan/* @ssieb
 esphome/components/text/* @mauritskorse
+esphome/components/thermopro_ble/* @sittner
 esphome/components/thermostat/* @kbx81
 esphome/components/time/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/tinyusb/* @kbx81
@@ -506,6 +522,7 @@ esphome/components/tuya/switch/* @jesserockz
 esphome/components/tuya/text_sensor/* @dentra
 esphome/components/uart/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/uart/button/* @ssieb
+esphome/components/uart/event/* @eoasmxd
 esphome/components/uart/packet_transport/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/udp/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/ufire_ec/* @pvizeli
@@ -513,6 +530,7 @@ esphome/components/ufire_ise/* @pvizeli
 esphome/components/ultrasonic/* @OttoWinter
 esphome/components/update/* @jesserockz
 esphome/components/uponor_smatrix/* @kroimon
+esphome/components/usb_cdc_acm/* @kbx81
 esphome/components/usb_host/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/usb_uart/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/valve/* @esphome/core
@@ -523,6 +541,7 @@ esphome/components/version/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/voice_assistant/* @jesserockz @kahrendt
 esphome/components/wake_on_lan/* @clydebarrow @willwill2will54
 esphome/components/watchdog/* @oarcher
+esphome/components/water_heater/* @dhoeben
 esphome/components/waveshare_epaper/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/web_server/ota/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/web_server_base/* @esphome/core
@@ -558,5 +577,6 @@ esphome/components/xpt2046/touchscreen/* @nielsnl68 @numo68
 esphome/components/xxtea/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/zephyr/* @tomaszduda23
 esphome/components/zhlt01/* @cfeenstra1024
+esphome/components/zigbee/* @tomaszduda23
 esphome/components/zio_ultrasonic/* @kahrendt
 esphome/components/zwave_proxy/* @kbx81

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 We welcome contributions to the ESPHome suite of code and documentation!
 
-Please read our [contributing guide](https://esphome.io/guides/contributing.html) if you wish to contribute to the
+Please read our [contributing guide](https://developers.esphome.io/contributing/code/) if you wish to contribute to the
 project and be sure to join us on [Discord](https://discord.gg/KhAMKrd).
 
 **See also:**

Doxyfile

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ PROJECT_NAME           = ESPHome
 # could be handy for archiving the generated documentation or if some version
 # control system is used.
 
-PROJECT_NUMBER         = 2025.11.0-dev
+PROJECT_NUMBER         = 2026.1.0-dev
 
 # Using the PROJECT_BRIEF tag one can provide an optional one line description
 # for a project that appears at the top of each page and should give viewer a

MANIFEST.in

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 include LICENSE
 include README.md
 include requirements.txt
+recursive-include esphome *.yaml
 recursive-include esphome *.cpp *.h *.tcc *.c
 recursive-include esphome *.py.script
 recursive-include esphome LICENSE.txt

README.md

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 
 <a href="https://esphome.io/">
   <picture>
-    <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="https://esphome.io/_static/logo-text-on-dark.svg", alt="ESPHome Logo">
-    <img src="https://esphome.io/_static/logo-text-on-light.svg" alt="ESPHome Logo">
+    <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="https://media.esphome.io/logo/logo-text-on-dark.svg">
+    <img src="https://media.esphome.io/logo/logo-text-on-light.svg" alt="ESPHome Logo">
   </picture>
 </a>
 

docker/Dockerfile

@@ -11,6 +11,16 @@ FROM base-source-${BUILD_TYPE} AS base
 
 RUN git config --system --add safe.directory "*"
 
+# Install build tools for Python packages that require compilation
+# (e.g., ruamel.yaml.clibz used by ESP-IDF's idf-component-manager)
+RUN if command -v apk > /dev/null; then \
+        apk add --no-cache build-base; \
+    else \
+        apt-get update \
+        && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends build-essential \
+        && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
+    fi
+
 ENV PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK=1
 
 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -U pip uv==0.6.14

esphome/__main__.py

@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ from esphome.util import (
 
 _LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
+# Maximum buffer size for serial log reading to prevent unbounded memory growth
+SERIAL_BUFFER_MAX_SIZE = 65536
+
 # Special non-component keys that appear in configs
 _NON_COMPONENT_KEYS = frozenset(
     {
@@ -431,25 +434,37 @@ def run_miniterm(config: ConfigType, port: str, args) -> int:
     while tries < 5:
         try:
             with ser:
+                buffer = b""
+                ser.timeout = 0.1  # 100ms timeout for non-blocking reads
                 while True:
                     try:
-                        raw = ser.readline()
+                        # Read all available data and timestamp it
+                        chunk = ser.read(ser.in_waiting or 1)
+                        if not chunk:
+                            continue
+                        time_ = datetime.now()
+                        milliseconds = time_.microsecond // 1000
+                        time_str = f"[{time_.hour:02}:{time_.minute:02}:{time_.second:02}.{milliseconds:03}]"
+
+                        # Add to buffer and process complete lines
+                        # Limit buffer size to prevent unbounded memory growth
+                        # if device sends data without newlines
+                        buffer += chunk
+                        if len(buffer) > SERIAL_BUFFER_MAX_SIZE:
+                            buffer = buffer[-SERIAL_BUFFER_MAX_SIZE:]
+                        while b"\n" in buffer:
+                            raw_line, buffer = buffer.split(b"\n", 1)
+                            line = raw_line.replace(b"\r", b"").decode(
+                                "utf8", "backslashreplace"
+                            )
+                            safe_print(parser.parse_line(line, time_str))
+
+                            backtrace_state = platformio_api.process_stacktrace(
+                                config, line, backtrace_state=backtrace_state
+                            )
                     except serial.SerialException:
                         _LOGGER.error("Serial port closed!")
                         return 0
-                    line = (
-                        raw.replace(b"\r", b"")
-                        .replace(b"\n", b"")
-                        .decode("utf8", "backslashreplace")
-                    )
-                    time_ = datetime.now()
-                    nanoseconds = time_.microsecond // 1000
-                    time_str = f"[{time_.hour:02}:{time_.minute:02}:{time_.second:02}.{nanoseconds:03}]"
-                    safe_print(parser.parse_line(line, time_str))
-
-                    backtrace_state = platformio_api.process_stacktrace(
-                        config, line, backtrace_state=backtrace_state
-                    )
         except serial.SerialException:
             tries += 1
             time.sleep(1)
@@ -518,10 +533,49 @@ def compile_program(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int:
     rc = platformio_api.run_compile(config, CORE.verbose)
     if rc != 0:
         return rc
+
+    # Check if firmware was rebuilt and emit build_info + create manifest
+    _check_and_emit_build_info()
+
     idedata = platformio_api.get_idedata(config)
     return 0 if idedata is not None else 1
 
 
+def _check_and_emit_build_info() -> None:
+    """Check if firmware was rebuilt and emit build_info."""
+    import json
+
+    firmware_path = CORE.firmware_bin
+    build_info_json_path = CORE.relative_build_path("build_info.json")
+
+    # Check if both files exist
+    if not firmware_path.exists() or not build_info_json_path.exists():
+        return
+
+    # Check if firmware is newer than build_info (indicating a relink occurred)
+    if firmware_path.stat().st_mtime <= build_info_json_path.stat().st_mtime:
+        return
+
+    # Read build_info from JSON
+    try:
+        with open(build_info_json_path, encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            build_info = json.load(f)
+    except (OSError, json.JSONDecodeError) as e:
+        _LOGGER.debug("Failed to read build_info: %s", e)
+        return
+
+    config_hash = build_info.get("config_hash")
+    build_time_str = build_info.get("build_time_str")
+
+    if config_hash is None or build_time_str is None:
+        return
+
+    # Emit build_info with human-readable time
+    _LOGGER.info(
+        "Build Info: config_hash=0x%08x build_time_str=%s", config_hash, build_time_str
+    )
+
+
 def upload_using_esptool(
     config: ConfigType, port: str, file: str, speed: int
 ) -> str | int:
@@ -750,7 +804,13 @@ def command_compile(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int | None:
     exit_code = compile_program(args, config)
     if exit_code != 0:
         return exit_code
-    _LOGGER.info("Successfully compiled program.")
+    if CORE.is_host:
+        from esphome.platformio_api import get_idedata
+
+        program_path = str(get_idedata(config).firmware_elf_path)
+        _LOGGER.info("Successfully compiled program to path '%s'", program_path)
+    else:
+        _LOGGER.info("Successfully compiled program.")
     return 0
 
 
@@ -800,10 +860,8 @@ def command_run(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int | None:
     if CORE.is_host:
         from esphome.platformio_api import get_idedata
 
-        idedata = get_idedata(config)
-        if idedata is None:
-            return 1
-        program_path = idedata.raw["prog_path"]
+        program_path = str(get_idedata(config).firmware_elf_path)
+        _LOGGER.info("Running program from path '%s'", program_path)
         return run_external_process(program_path)
 
     # Get devices, resolving special identifiers like OTA
@@ -944,6 +1002,7 @@ def command_analyze_memory(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int:
     """
     from esphome import platformio_api
     from esphome.analyze_memory.cli import MemoryAnalyzerCLI
+    from esphome.analyze_memory.ram_strings import RamStringsAnalyzer
 
     # Always compile to ensure fresh data (fast if no changes - just relinks)
     exit_code = write_cpp(config)
@@ -966,21 +1025,39 @@ def command_analyze_memory(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int:
     external_components = detect_external_components(config)
     _LOGGER.debug("Detected external components: %s", external_components)
 
-    # Perform memory analysis
+    # Perform component memory analysis
     _LOGGER.info("Analyzing memory usage...")
     analyzer = MemoryAnalyzerCLI(
         str(firmware_elf),
         idedata.objdump_path,
         idedata.readelf_path,
         external_components,
+        idedata=idedata,
     )
     analyzer.analyze()
 
-    # Generate and display report
+    # Generate and display component report
     report = analyzer.generate_report()
     print()
     print(report)
 
+    # Perform RAM strings analysis
+    _LOGGER.info("Analyzing RAM strings...")
+    try:
+        ram_analyzer = RamStringsAnalyzer(
+            str(firmware_elf),
+            objdump_path=idedata.objdump_path,
+            platform=CORE.target_platform,
+        )
+        ram_analyzer.analyze()
+
+        # Generate and display RAM strings report
+        ram_report = ram_analyzer.generate_report()
+        print()
+        print(ram_report)
+    except Exception as e:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
+        _LOGGER.warning("RAM strings analysis failed: %s", e)
+
     return 0
 
 
@@ -1319,7 +1396,7 @@ def parse_args(argv):
         "clean-all", help="Clean all build and platform files."
     )
     parser_clean_all.add_argument(
-        "configuration", help="Your YAML configuration directory.", nargs="*"
+        "configuration", help="Your YAML file or configuration directory.", nargs="*"
     )
 
     parser_dashboard = subparsers.add_parser(

esphome/analyze_memory/__init__.py

@@ -15,27 +15,20 @@ from .const import (
     SECTION_TO_ATTR,
     SYMBOL_PATTERNS,
 )
+from .demangle import batch_demangle
 from .helpers import (
     get_component_class_patterns,
     get_esphome_components,
     map_section_name,
     parse_symbol_line,
 )
+from .toolchain import find_tool, run_tool
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from esphome.platformio_api import IDEData
 
 _LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
-# GCC global constructor/destructor prefix annotations
-_GCC_PREFIX_ANNOTATIONS = {
-    "_GLOBAL__sub_I_": "global constructor for",
-    "_GLOBAL__sub_D_": "global destructor for",
-}
-
-# GCC optimization suffix pattern (e.g., $isra$0, $part$1, $constprop$2)
-_GCC_OPTIMIZATION_SUFFIX_PATTERN = re.compile(r"(\$(?:isra|part|constprop)\$\d+)")
-
 # C++ runtime patterns for categorization
 _CPP_RUNTIME_PATTERNS = frozenset(["vtable", "typeinfo", "thunk"])
 
@@ -61,6 +54,9 @@ _NAMESPACE_STD = "std::"
 # Type alias for symbol information: (symbol_name, size, component)
 SymbolInfoType = tuple[str, int, str]
 
+# RAM sections - symbols in these sections consume RAM
+RAM_SECTIONS = frozenset([".data", ".bss"])
+
 
 @dataclass
 class MemorySection:
@@ -68,7 +64,20 @@ class MemorySection:
 
     name: str
     symbols: list[SymbolInfoType] = field(default_factory=list)
-    total_size: int = 0
+    total_size: int = 0  # Actual section size from ELF headers
+    symbol_size: int = 0  # Sum of symbol sizes (may be less than total_size)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SDKSymbol:
+    """Represents a symbol from an SDK library that's not in the ELF symbol table."""
+
+    name: str
+    size: int
+    library: str  # Name of the .a file (e.g., "libpp.a")
+    section: str  # ".bss" or ".data"
+    is_local: bool  # True if static/local symbol (lowercase in nm output)
+    demangled: str = ""  # Demangled name (populated after analysis)
 
 
 @dataclass
@@ -126,6 +135,10 @@ class MemoryAnalyzer:
         self.objdump_path = objdump_path or "objdump"
         self.readelf_path = readelf_path or "readelf"
         self.external_components = external_components or set()
+        self._idedata = idedata
+
+        # Derive nm path from objdump path using shared toolchain utility
+        self.nm_path = find_tool("nm", self.objdump_path)
 
         self.sections: dict[str, MemorySection] = {}
         self.components: dict[str, ComponentMemory] = defaultdict(
@@ -136,15 +149,25 @@ class MemoryAnalyzer:
         self._esphome_core_symbols: list[
             tuple[str, str, int]
         ] = []  # Track core symbols
-        self._component_symbols: dict[str, list[tuple[str, str, int]]] = defaultdict(
+        # Track symbols for all components: (symbol_name, demangled, size, section)
+        self._component_symbols: dict[str, list[tuple[str, str, int, str]]] = (
+            defaultdict(list)
+        )
+        # Track RAM symbols separately for detailed analysis: (symbol_name, demangled, size, section)
+        self._ram_symbols: dict[str, list[tuple[str, str, int, str]]] = defaultdict(
             list
-        )  # Track symbols for all components
+        )
+        # Track ELF symbol names for SDK cross-reference
+        self._elf_symbol_names: set[str] = set()
+        # SDK symbols not in ELF (static/local symbols from closed-source libs)
+        self._sdk_symbols: list[SDKSymbol] = []
 
     def analyze(self) -> dict[str, ComponentMemory]:
         """Analyze the ELF file and return component memory usage."""
         self._parse_sections()
         self._parse_symbols()
         self._categorize_symbols()
+        self._analyze_sdk_libraries()
         return dict(self.components)
 
     def _parse_sections(self) -> None:
@@ -198,6 +221,8 @@ class MemoryAnalyzer:
                 continue
 
             self.sections[section].symbols.append((name, size, ""))
+            self.sections[section].symbol_size += size
+            self._elf_symbol_names.add(name)
             seen_addresses.add(address)
 
     def _categorize_symbols(self) -> None:
@@ -241,8 +266,13 @@ class MemoryAnalyzer:
                 if size > 0:
                     demangled = self._demangle_symbol(symbol_name)
                     self._component_symbols[component].append(
-                        (symbol_name, demangled, size)
+                        (symbol_name, demangled, size, section_name)
                     )
+                    # Track RAM symbols separately for detailed RAM analysis
+                    if section_name in RAM_SECTIONS:
+                        self._ram_symbols[component].append(
+                            (symbol_name, demangled, size, section_name)
+                        )
 
     def _identify_component(self, symbol_name: str) -> str:
         """Identify which component a symbol belongs to."""
@@ -312,168 +342,9 @@ class MemoryAnalyzer:
         if not symbols:
             return
 
-        # Try to find the appropriate c++filt for the platform
-        cppfilt_cmd = "c++filt"
-
         _LOGGER.info("Demangling %d symbols", len(symbols))
-        _LOGGER.debug("objdump_path = %s", self.objdump_path)
-
-        # Check if we have a toolchain-specific c++filt
-        if self.objdump_path and self.objdump_path != "objdump":
-            # Replace objdump with c++filt in the path
-            potential_cppfilt = self.objdump_path.replace("objdump", "c++filt")
-            _LOGGER.info("Checking for toolchain c++filt at: %s", potential_cppfilt)
-            if Path(potential_cppfilt).exists():
-                cppfilt_cmd = potential_cppfilt
-                _LOGGER.info("✓ Using toolchain c++filt: %s", cppfilt_cmd)
-            else:
-                _LOGGER.info(
-                    "✗ Toolchain c++filt not found at %s, using system c++filt",
-                    potential_cppfilt,
-                )
-        else:
-            _LOGGER.info("✗ Using system c++filt (objdump_path=%s)", self.objdump_path)
-
-        # Strip GCC optimization suffixes and prefixes before demangling
-        # Suffixes like $isra$0, $part$0, $constprop$0 confuse c++filt
-        # Prefixes like _GLOBAL__sub_I_ need to be removed and tracked
-        symbols_stripped: list[str] = []
-        symbols_prefixes: list[str] = []  # Track removed prefixes
-        for symbol in symbols:
-            # Remove GCC optimization markers
-            stripped = _GCC_OPTIMIZATION_SUFFIX_PATTERN.sub("", symbol)
-
-            # Handle GCC global constructor/initializer prefixes
-            # _GLOBAL__sub_I_<mangled> -> extract <mangled> for demangling
-            prefix = ""
-            for gcc_prefix in _GCC_PREFIX_ANNOTATIONS:
-                if stripped.startswith(gcc_prefix):
-                    prefix = gcc_prefix
-                    stripped = stripped[len(prefix) :]
-                    break
-
-            symbols_stripped.append(stripped)
-            symbols_prefixes.append(prefix)
-
-        try:
-            # Send all symbols to c++filt at once
-            result = subprocess.run(
-                [cppfilt_cmd],
-                input="\n".join(symbols_stripped),
-                capture_output=True,
-                text=True,
-                check=False,
-            )
-        except (subprocess.SubprocessError, OSError, UnicodeDecodeError) as e:
-            # On error, cache originals
-            _LOGGER.warning("Failed to batch demangle symbols: %s", e)
-            for symbol in symbols:
-                self._demangle_cache[symbol] = symbol
-            return
-
-        if result.returncode != 0:
-            _LOGGER.warning(
-                "c++filt exited with code %d: %s",
-                result.returncode,
-                result.stderr[:200] if result.stderr else "(no error output)",
-            )
-            # Cache originals on failure
-            for symbol in symbols:
-                self._demangle_cache[symbol] = symbol
-            return
-
-        # Process demangled output
-        self._process_demangled_output(
-            symbols, symbols_stripped, symbols_prefixes, result.stdout, cppfilt_cmd
-        )
-
-    def _process_demangled_output(
-        self,
-        symbols: list[str],
-        symbols_stripped: list[str],
-        symbols_prefixes: list[str],
-        demangled_output: str,
-        cppfilt_cmd: str,
-    ) -> None:
-        """Process demangled symbol output and populate cache.
-
-        Args:
-            symbols: Original symbol names
-            symbols_stripped: Stripped symbol names sent to c++filt
-            symbols_prefixes: Removed prefixes to restore
-            demangled_output: Output from c++filt
-            cppfilt_cmd: Path to c++filt command (for logging)
-        """
-        demangled_lines = demangled_output.strip().split("\n")
-        failed_count = 0
-
-        for original, stripped, prefix, demangled in zip(
-            symbols, symbols_stripped, symbols_prefixes, demangled_lines
-        ):
-            # Add back any prefix that was removed
-            demangled = self._restore_symbol_prefix(prefix, stripped, demangled)
-
-            # If we stripped a suffix, add it back to the demangled name for clarity
-            if original != stripped and not prefix:
-                demangled = self._restore_symbol_suffix(original, demangled)
-
-            self._demangle_cache[original] = demangled
-
-            # Log symbols that failed to demangle (stayed the same as stripped version)
-            if stripped == demangled and stripped.startswith("_Z"):
-                failed_count += 1
-                if failed_count <= 5:  # Only log first 5 failures
-                    _LOGGER.warning("Failed to demangle: %s", original)
-
-        if failed_count == 0:
-            _LOGGER.info("Successfully demangled all %d symbols", len(symbols))
-            return
-
-        _LOGGER.warning(
-            "Failed to demangle %d/%d symbols using %s",
-            failed_count,
-            len(symbols),
-            cppfilt_cmd,
-        )
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _restore_symbol_prefix(prefix: str, stripped: str, demangled: str) -> str:
-        """Restore prefix that was removed before demangling.
-
-        Args:
-            prefix: Prefix that was removed (e.g., "_GLOBAL__sub_I_")
-            stripped: Stripped symbol name
-            demangled: Demangled symbol name
-
-        Returns:
-            Demangled name with prefix restored/annotated
-        """
-        if not prefix:
-            return demangled
-
-        # Successfully demangled - add descriptive prefix
-        if demangled != stripped and (
-            annotation := _GCC_PREFIX_ANNOTATIONS.get(prefix)
-        ):
-            return f"[{annotation}: {demangled}]"
-
-        # Failed to demangle - restore original prefix
-        return prefix + demangled
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _restore_symbol_suffix(original: str, demangled: str) -> str:
-        """Restore GCC optimization suffix that was removed before demangling.
-
-        Args:
-            original: Original symbol name with suffix
-            demangled: Demangled symbol name without suffix
-
-        Returns:
-            Demangled name with suffix annotation
-        """
-        if suffix_match := _GCC_OPTIMIZATION_SUFFIX_PATTERN.search(original):
-            return f"{demangled} [{suffix_match.group(1)}]"
-        return demangled
+        self._demangle_cache = batch_demangle(symbols, objdump_path=self.objdump_path)
+        _LOGGER.info("Successfully demangled %d symbols", len(self._demangle_cache))
 
     def _demangle_symbol(self, symbol: str) -> str:
         """Get demangled C++ symbol name from cache."""
@@ -495,6 +366,247 @@ class MemoryAnalyzer:
 
         return "Other Core"
 
+    def get_unattributed_ram(self) -> tuple[int, int, int]:
+        """Get unattributed RAM sizes (SDK/framework overhead).
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of (unattributed_bss, unattributed_data, total_unattributed)
+            These are bytes in RAM sections that have no corresponding symbols.
+        """
+        bss_section = self.sections.get(".bss")
+        data_section = self.sections.get(".data")
+
+        unattributed_bss = 0
+        unattributed_data = 0
+
+        if bss_section:
+            unattributed_bss = max(0, bss_section.total_size - bss_section.symbol_size)
+        if data_section:
+            unattributed_data = max(
+                0, data_section.total_size - data_section.symbol_size
+            )
+
+        return unattributed_bss, unattributed_data, unattributed_bss + unattributed_data
+
+    def _find_sdk_library_dirs(self) -> list[Path]:
+        """Find SDK library directories based on platform.
+
+        Returns:
+            List of paths to SDK library directories containing .a files.
+        """
+        sdk_dirs: list[Path] = []
+
+        if self._idedata is None:
+            return sdk_dirs
+
+        # Get the CC path to determine the framework location
+        cc_path = getattr(self._idedata, "cc_path", None)
+        if not cc_path:
+            return sdk_dirs
+
+        cc_path = Path(cc_path)
+
+        # For ESP8266 Arduino framework
+        # CC is like: ~/.platformio/packages/toolchain-xtensa/bin/xtensa-lx106-elf-gcc
+        # SDK libs are in: ~/.platformio/packages/framework-arduinoespressif8266/tools/sdk/lib/
+        if "xtensa-lx106" in str(cc_path):
+            platformio_dir = cc_path.parent.parent.parent
+            esp8266_sdk = (
+                platformio_dir
+                / "framework-arduinoespressif8266"
+                / "tools"
+                / "sdk"
+                / "lib"
+            )
+            if esp8266_sdk.exists():
+                sdk_dirs.append(esp8266_sdk)
+                # Also check for NONOSDK subdirectories (closed-source libs)
+                sdk_dirs.extend(
+                    subdir
+                    for subdir in esp8266_sdk.iterdir()
+                    if subdir.is_dir() and subdir.name.startswith("NONOSDK")
+                )
+
+        # For ESP32 IDF framework
+        # CC is like: ~/.platformio/packages/toolchain-xtensa-esp-elf/bin/xtensa-esp32-elf-gcc
+        # or: ~/.platformio/packages/toolchain-riscv32-esp/bin/riscv32-esp-elf-gcc
+        elif "xtensa-esp" in str(cc_path) or "riscv32-esp" in str(cc_path):
+            # Detect ESP32 variant from CC path or defines
+            variant = self._detect_esp32_variant()
+            if variant:
+                platformio_dir = cc_path.parent.parent.parent
+                espidf_dir = platformio_dir / "framework-espidf" / "components"
+                if espidf_dir.exists():
+                    # Find all directories named after the variant that contain .a files
+                    # This handles various ESP-IDF library layouts:
+                    # - components/*/lib/<variant>/
+                    # - components/*/<variant>/
+                    # - components/*/lib/lib/<variant>/
+                    # - components/*/*/lib_*/<variant>/
+                    sdk_dirs.extend(
+                        variant_dir
+                        for variant_dir in espidf_dir.rglob(variant)
+                        if variant_dir.is_dir() and any(variant_dir.glob("*.a"))
+                    )
+
+        return sdk_dirs
+
+    def _detect_esp32_variant(self) -> str | None:
+        """Detect ESP32 variant from idedata defines.
+
+        Returns:
+            Variant string like 'esp32', 'esp32s2', 'esp32c3', etc. or None.
+        """
+        if self._idedata is None:
+            return None
+
+        defines = getattr(self._idedata, "defines", [])
+        if not defines:
+            return None
+
+        # ESPHome always adds USE_ESP32_VARIANT_xxx defines
+        variant_prefix = "USE_ESP32_VARIANT_"
+        for define in defines:
+            if define.startswith(variant_prefix):
+                # Extract variant name and convert to lowercase
+                # USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32 -> esp32
+                # USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3 -> esp32s3
+                return define[len(variant_prefix) :].lower()
+
+        return None
+
+    def _parse_sdk_library(
+        self, lib_path: Path
+    ) -> tuple[list[tuple[str, int, str, bool]], set[str]]:
+        """Parse a single SDK library for symbols.
+
+        Args:
+            lib_path: Path to the .a library file
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of:
+            - List of BSS/DATA symbols: (symbol_name, size, section, is_local)
+            - Set of global BSS/DATA symbol names (for checking if RAM is linked)
+        """
+        ram_symbols: list[tuple[str, int, str, bool]] = []
+        global_ram_symbols: set[str] = set()
+
+        result = run_tool([self.nm_path, "--size-sort", str(lib_path)], timeout=10)
+        if result is None:
+            return ram_symbols, global_ram_symbols
+
+        for line in result.stdout.splitlines():
+            parts = line.split()
+            if len(parts) < 3:
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                size = int(parts[0], 16)
+                sym_type = parts[1]
+                name = parts[2]
+
+                # Only collect BSS (b/B) and DATA (d/D) for RAM analysis
+                if sym_type in ("b", "B"):
+                    section = ".bss"
+                    is_local = sym_type == "b"
+                    ram_symbols.append((name, size, section, is_local))
+                    # Track global RAM symbols (B/D) for linking check
+                    if sym_type == "B":
+                        global_ram_symbols.add(name)
+                elif sym_type in ("d", "D"):
+                    section = ".data"
+                    is_local = sym_type == "d"
+                    ram_symbols.append((name, size, section, is_local))
+                    if sym_type == "D":
+                        global_ram_symbols.add(name)
+            except (ValueError, IndexError):
+                continue
+
+        return ram_symbols, global_ram_symbols
+
+    def _analyze_sdk_libraries(self) -> None:
+        """Analyze SDK libraries to find symbols not in the ELF.
+
+        This finds static/local symbols from closed-source SDK libraries
+        that consume RAM but don't appear in the final ELF symbol table.
+        Only includes symbols from libraries that have RAM actually linked
+        (at least one global BSS/DATA symbol in the ELF).
+        """
+        sdk_dirs = self._find_sdk_library_dirs()
+        if not sdk_dirs:
+            _LOGGER.debug("No SDK library directories found")
+            return
+
+        _LOGGER.debug("Analyzing SDK libraries in %d directories", len(sdk_dirs))
+
+        # Track seen symbols to avoid duplicates from multiple SDK versions
+        seen_symbols: set[str] = set()
+
+        for sdk_dir in sdk_dirs:
+            for lib_path in sorted(sdk_dir.glob("*.a")):
+                lib_name = lib_path.name
+                ram_symbols, global_ram_symbols = self._parse_sdk_library(lib_path)
+
+                # Check if this library's RAM is actually linked by seeing if any
+                # of its global BSS/DATA symbols appear in the ELF
+                if not global_ram_symbols & self._elf_symbol_names:
+                    # No RAM from this library is in the ELF - skip it
+                    continue
+
+                for name, size, section, is_local in ram_symbols:
+                    # Skip if already in ELF or already seen from another lib
+                    if name in self._elf_symbol_names or name in seen_symbols:
+                        continue
+
+                    # Only track symbols with non-zero size
+                    if size > 0:
+                        self._sdk_symbols.append(
+                            SDKSymbol(
+                                name=name,
+                                size=size,
+                                library=lib_name,
+                                section=section,
+                                is_local=is_local,
+                            )
+                        )
+                        seen_symbols.add(name)
+
+        # Demangle SDK symbols for better readability
+        if self._sdk_symbols:
+            sdk_names = [sym.name for sym in self._sdk_symbols]
+            demangled_map = batch_demangle(sdk_names, objdump_path=self.objdump_path)
+            for sym in self._sdk_symbols:
+                sym.demangled = demangled_map.get(sym.name, sym.name)
+
+        # Sort by size descending for reporting
+        self._sdk_symbols.sort(key=lambda s: s.size, reverse=True)
+
+        total_sdk_ram = sum(s.size for s in self._sdk_symbols)
+        _LOGGER.debug(
+            "Found %d SDK symbols not in ELF, totaling %d bytes",
+            len(self._sdk_symbols),
+            total_sdk_ram,
+        )
+
+    def get_sdk_ram_symbols(self) -> list[SDKSymbol]:
+        """Get SDK symbols that consume RAM but aren't in the ELF symbol table.
+
+        Returns:
+            List of SDKSymbol objects sorted by size descending.
+        """
+        return self._sdk_symbols
+
+    def get_sdk_ram_by_library(self) -> dict[str, list[SDKSymbol]]:
+        """Get SDK RAM symbols grouped by library.
+
+        Returns:
+            Dictionary mapping library name to list of symbols.
+        """
+        by_lib: dict[str, list[SDKSymbol]] = defaultdict(list)
+        for sym in self._sdk_symbols:
+            by_lib[sym.library].append(sym)
+        return dict(by_lib)
+
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     from .cli import main

esphome/analyze_memory/cli.py

@@ -1,20 +1,35 @@
 """CLI interface for memory analysis with report generation."""
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from collections import defaultdict
+from collections.abc import Callable
 import sys
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from . import (
     _COMPONENT_API,
     _COMPONENT_CORE,
     _COMPONENT_PREFIX_ESPHOME,
     _COMPONENT_PREFIX_EXTERNAL,
+    RAM_SECTIONS,
     MemoryAnalyzer,
 )
 
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from . import ComponentMemory
+
 
 class MemoryAnalyzerCLI(MemoryAnalyzer):
     """Memory analyzer with CLI-specific report generation."""
 
+    # Symbol size threshold for detailed analysis
+    SYMBOL_SIZE_THRESHOLD: int = (
+        100  # Show symbols larger than this in detailed analysis
+    )
+    # Lower threshold for RAM symbols (RAM is more constrained)
+    RAM_SYMBOL_SIZE_THRESHOLD: int = 24
+
     # Column width constants
     COL_COMPONENT: int = 29
     COL_FLASH_TEXT: int = 14
@@ -78,6 +93,60 @@ class MemoryAnalyzerCLI(MemoryAnalyzer):
         COL_CORE_PERCENT,
     )
 
+    def _add_section_header(self, lines: list[str], title: str) -> None:
+        """Add a section header with title centered between separator lines."""
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
+        lines.append(title.center(self.TABLE_WIDTH))
+        lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
+        lines.append("")
+
+    def _add_top_consumers(
+        self,
+        lines: list[str],
+        title: str,
+        components: list[tuple[str, ComponentMemory]],
+        get_size: Callable[[ComponentMemory], int],
+        total: int,
+        memory_type: str,
+        limit: int = 25,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Add a formatted list of top memory consumers to the report.
+
+        Args:
+            lines: List of report lines to append the output to.
+            title: Section title to print before the list.
+            components: Sequence of (name, ComponentMemory) tuples to analyze.
+            get_size: Callable that takes a ComponentMemory and returns the
+                size in bytes to use for ranking and display.
+            total: Total size in bytes for computing percentage usage.
+            memory_type: Label for the memory region (e.g., "flash" or "RAM").
+            limit: Maximum number of components to include in the list.
+        """
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.append(f"{title}:")
+        for i, (name, mem) in enumerate(components[:limit]):
+            size = get_size(mem)
+            if size > 0:
+                percentage = (size / total * 100) if total > 0 else 0
+                lines.append(
+                    f"{i + 1}. {name} ({size:,} B) - {percentage:.1f}% of analyzed {memory_type}"
+                )
+
+    def _format_symbol_with_section(
+        self, demangled: str, size: int, section: str | None = None
+    ) -> str:
+        """Format a symbol entry, optionally adding a RAM section label.
+
+        If section is one of the RAM sections (.data or .bss), a label like
+        " [data]" or " [bss]" is appended. For non-RAM sections or when
+        section is None, no section label is added.
+        """
+        section_label = ""
+        if section in RAM_SECTIONS:
+            section_label = f" [{section[1:]}]"  # .data -> [data], .bss -> [bss]
+        return f"{demangled} ({size:,} B){section_label}"
+
     def generate_report(self, detailed: bool = False) -> str:
         """Generate a formatted memory report."""
         components = sorted(
@@ -118,43 +187,70 @@ class MemoryAnalyzerCLI(MemoryAnalyzer):
             f"{total_flash:>{self.COL_TOTAL_FLASH - 2},} B | {total_ram:>{self.COL_TOTAL_RAM - 2},} B"
         )
 
-        # Top consumers
-        lines.append("")
-        lines.append("Top Flash Consumers:")
-        for i, (name, mem) in enumerate(components[:25]):
-            if mem.flash_total > 0:
-                percentage = (
-                    (mem.flash_total / total_flash * 100) if total_flash > 0 else 0
-                )
-                lines.append(
-                    f"{i + 1}. {name} ({mem.flash_total:,} B) - {percentage:.1f}% of analyzed flash"
-                )
-
-        lines.append("")
-        lines.append("Top RAM Consumers:")
-        ram_components = sorted(components, key=lambda x: x[1].ram_total, reverse=True)
-        for i, (name, mem) in enumerate(ram_components[:25]):
-            if mem.ram_total > 0:
-                percentage = (mem.ram_total / total_ram * 100) if total_ram > 0 else 0
-                lines.append(
-                    f"{i + 1}. {name} ({mem.ram_total:,} B) - {percentage:.1f}% of analyzed RAM"
-                )
-
-        lines.append("")
-        lines.append(
-            "Note: This analysis covers symbols in the ELF file. Some runtime allocations may not be included."
+        # Show unattributed RAM (SDK/framework overhead)
+        unattributed_bss, unattributed_data, unattributed_total = (
+            self.get_unattributed_ram()
+        )
+        if unattributed_total > 0:
+            lines.append("")
+            lines.append(
+                f"Unattributed RAM: {unattributed_total:,} B (SDK/framework overhead)"
+            )
+            if unattributed_bss > 0 and unattributed_data > 0:
+                lines.append(
+                    f"  .bss: {unattributed_bss:,} B | .data: {unattributed_data:,} B"
+                )
+
+            # Show SDK symbol breakdown if available
+            sdk_by_lib = self.get_sdk_ram_by_library()
+            if sdk_by_lib:
+                lines.append("")
+                lines.append("SDK library breakdown (static symbols not in ELF):")
+                # Sort libraries by total size
+                lib_totals = [
+                    (lib, sum(s.size for s in syms), syms)
+                    for lib, syms in sdk_by_lib.items()
+                ]
+                lib_totals.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
+
+                for lib_name, lib_total, syms in lib_totals:
+                    if lib_total == 0:
+                        continue
+                    lines.append(f"  {lib_name}: {lib_total:,} B")
+                    # Show top symbols from this library
+                    for sym in sorted(syms, key=lambda s: s.size, reverse=True)[:3]:
+                        section_label = sym.section.lstrip(".")
+                        # Use demangled name (falls back to original if not demangled)
+                        display_name = sym.demangled or sym.name
+                        if len(display_name) > 50:
+                            display_name = f"{display_name[:47]}..."
+                        lines.append(
+                            f"    {sym.size:>6,} B [{section_label}] {display_name}"
+                        )
+
+        # Top consumers
+        self._add_top_consumers(
+            lines,
+            "Top Flash Consumers",
+            components,
+            lambda m: m.flash_total,
+            total_flash,
+            "flash",
+        )
+
+        ram_components = sorted(components, key=lambda x: x[1].ram_total, reverse=True)
+        self._add_top_consumers(
+            lines,
+            "Top RAM Consumers",
+            ram_components,
+            lambda m: m.ram_total,
+            total_ram,
+            "RAM",
         )
-        lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
 
         # Add ESPHome core detailed analysis if there are core symbols
         if self._esphome_core_symbols:
-            lines.append("")
-            lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
-            lines.append(
-                f"{_COMPONENT_CORE} Detailed Analysis".center(self.TABLE_WIDTH)
-            )
-            lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
-            lines.append("")
+            self._add_section_header(lines, f"{_COMPONENT_CORE} Detailed Analysis")
 
             # Group core symbols by subcategory
             core_subcategories: dict[str, list[tuple[str, str, int]]] = defaultdict(
@@ -191,15 +287,26 @@ class MemoryAnalyzerCLI(MemoryAnalyzer):
                     f"{len(symbols):>{self.COL_CORE_COUNT}} | {percentage:>{self.COL_CORE_PERCENT - 1}.1f}%"
                 )
 
-            # Top 15 largest core symbols
+            # All core symbols above threshold
             lines.append("")
-            lines.append(f"Top 15 Largest {_COMPONENT_CORE} Symbols:")
             sorted_core_symbols = sorted(
                 self._esphome_core_symbols, key=lambda x: x[2], reverse=True
             )
+            large_core_symbols = [
+                (symbol, demangled, size)
+                for symbol, demangled, size in sorted_core_symbols
+                if size > self.SYMBOL_SIZE_THRESHOLD
+            ]
 
-            for i, (symbol, demangled, size) in enumerate(sorted_core_symbols[:15]):
-                lines.append(f"{i + 1}. {demangled} ({size:,} B)")
+            lines.append(
+                f"{_COMPONENT_CORE} Symbols > {self.SYMBOL_SIZE_THRESHOLD} B ({len(large_core_symbols)} symbols):"
+            )
+            for i, (symbol, demangled, size) in enumerate(large_core_symbols):
+                # Core symbols only track (symbol, demangled, size) without section info,
+                # so we don't show section labels here
+                lines.append(
+                    f"{i + 1}. {self._format_symbol_with_section(demangled, size)}"
+                )
 
             lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
 
@@ -255,11 +362,7 @@ class MemoryAnalyzerCLI(MemoryAnalyzer):
             for comp_name, comp_mem in components_to_analyze:
                 if not (comp_symbols := self._component_symbols.get(comp_name, [])):
                     continue
-                lines.append("")
-                lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
-                lines.append(f"{comp_name} Detailed Analysis".center(self.TABLE_WIDTH))
-                lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
-                lines.append("")
+                self._add_section_header(lines, f"{comp_name} Detailed Analysis")
 
                 # Sort symbols by size
                 sorted_symbols = sorted(comp_symbols, key=lambda x: x[2], reverse=True)
@@ -268,19 +371,71 @@ class MemoryAnalyzerCLI(MemoryAnalyzer):
                 lines.append(f"Total size: {comp_mem.flash_total:,} B")
                 lines.append("")
 
-                # Show all symbols > 100 bytes for better visibility
+                # Show all symbols above threshold for better visibility
                 large_symbols = [
-                    (sym, dem, size) for sym, dem, size in sorted_symbols if size > 100
+                    (sym, dem, size, sec)
+                    for sym, dem, size, sec in sorted_symbols
+                    if size > self.SYMBOL_SIZE_THRESHOLD
                 ]
 
                 lines.append(
-                    f"{comp_name} Symbols > 100 B ({len(large_symbols)} symbols):"
+                    f"{comp_name} Symbols > {self.SYMBOL_SIZE_THRESHOLD} B ({len(large_symbols)} symbols):"
                 )
-                for i, (symbol, demangled, size) in enumerate(large_symbols):
-                    lines.append(f"{i + 1}. {demangled} ({size:,} B)")
+                for i, (symbol, demangled, size, section) in enumerate(large_symbols):
+                    lines.append(
+                        f"{i + 1}. {self._format_symbol_with_section(demangled, size, section)}"
+                    )
 
                 lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
 
+        # Detailed RAM analysis by component (at end, before RAM strings analysis)
+        self._add_section_header(lines, "RAM Symbol Analysis by Component")
+
+        # Show top 15 RAM consumers with their large symbols
+        for name, mem in ram_components[:15]:
+            if mem.ram_total == 0:
+                continue
+            ram_syms = self._ram_symbols.get(name, [])
+            if not ram_syms:
+                continue
+
+            # Sort by size descending
+            sorted_ram_syms = sorted(ram_syms, key=lambda x: x[2], reverse=True)
+            large_ram_syms = [
+                s for s in sorted_ram_syms if s[2] > self.RAM_SYMBOL_SIZE_THRESHOLD
+            ]
+
+            lines.append(f"{name} ({mem.ram_total:,} B total RAM):")
+
+            # Show breakdown by section type
+            data_size = sum(s[2] for s in ram_syms if s[3] == ".data")
+            bss_size = sum(s[2] for s in ram_syms if s[3] == ".bss")
+            lines.append(f"  .data (initialized): {data_size:,} B")
+            lines.append(f"  .bss (uninitialized): {bss_size:,} B")
+
+            if large_ram_syms:
+                lines.append(
+                    f"  Symbols > {self.RAM_SYMBOL_SIZE_THRESHOLD} B ({len(large_ram_syms)}):"
+                )
+                for symbol, demangled, size, section in large_ram_syms[:10]:
+                    # Format section label consistently by stripping leading dot
+                    section_label = section.lstrip(".") if section else ""
+                    # Add ellipsis if name is truncated
+                    demangled_display = (
+                        f"{demangled[:70]}..." if len(demangled) > 70 else demangled
+                    )
+                    lines.append(
+                        f"    {size:>6,} B [{section_label}] {demangled_display}"
+                    )
+                if len(large_ram_syms) > 10:
+                    lines.append(f"    ... and {len(large_ram_syms) - 10} more")
+            lines.append("")
+
+        lines.append(
+            "Note: This analysis covers symbols in the ELF file. Some runtime allocations may not be included."
+        )
+        lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
+
         return "\n".join(lines)
 
     def dump_uncategorized_symbols(self, output_file: str | None = None) -> None:

esphome/analyze_memory/const.py

@@ -7,11 +7,13 @@ ESPHOME_COMPONENT_PATTERN = re.compile(r"esphome::([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)::")
 
 # Section mapping for ELF file sections
 # Maps standard section names to their various platform-specific variants
+# Note: Order matters! More specific patterns (.bss) must come before general ones (.dram)
+# because ESP-IDF uses names like ".dram0.bss" which would match ".dram" otherwise
 SECTION_MAPPING = {
     ".text": frozenset([".text", ".iram"]),
     ".rodata": frozenset([".rodata"]),
+    ".bss": frozenset([".bss"]),  # Must be before .data to catch ".dram0.bss"
     ".data": frozenset([".data", ".dram"]),
-    ".bss": frozenset([".bss"]),
 }
 
 # Section to ComponentMemory attribute mapping
@@ -88,6 +90,77 @@ SYMBOL_PATTERNS = {
         "sys_mbox_new",
         "sys_arch_mbox_tryfetch",
     ],
+    # LibreTiny/Beken BK7231 radio calibration
+    "bk_radio_cal": [
+        "bk7011_",
+        "calibration_main",
+        "gcali_",
+        "rwnx_cal",
+    ],
+    # LibreTiny/Beken WiFi MAC layer
+    "bk_wifi_mac": [
+        "rxu_",  # RX upper layer
+        "txu_",  # TX upper layer
+        "txl_",  # TX lower layer
+        "rxl_",  # RX lower layer
+        "scanu_",  # Scan unit
+        "mm_hw_",  # MAC management hardware
+        "mm_bcn",  # MAC management beacon
+        "mm_tim",  # MAC management TIM
+        "mm_check",  # MAC management checks
+        "sm_connect",  # Station management
+        "me_beacon",  # Management entity beacon
+        "me_build",  # Management entity build
+        "hapd_",  # Host AP daemon
+        "chan_pre_",  # Channel management
+        "handle_probe_",  # Probe handling
+    ],
+    # LibreTiny/Beken system control
+    "bk_system": [
+        "sctrl_",  # System control
+        "icu_ctrl",  # Interrupt control unit
+        "gdma_ctrl",  # DMA control
+        "mpb_ctrl",  # MPB control
+        "uf2_",  # UF2 OTA
+        "bkreg_",  # Beken registers
+    ],
+    # LibreTiny/Beken BLE stack
+    "bk_ble": [
+        "gapc_",  # GAP client
+        "gattc_",  # GATT client
+        "attc_",  # ATT client
+        "attmdb_",  # ATT database
+        "atts_",  # ATT server
+        "l2cc_",  # L2CAP
+        "prf_env",  # Profile environment
+    ],
+    # LibreTiny/Beken scheduler
+    "bk_scheduler": [
+        "sch_plan_",  # Scheduler plan
+        "sch_prog_",  # Scheduler program
+        "sch_arb_",  # Scheduler arbiter
+    ],
+    # LibreTiny/Beken DMA descriptors
+    "bk_dma": [
+        "rx_payload_desc",
+        "rx_dma_hdrdesc",
+        "tx_hw_desc",
+        "host_event_data",
+        "host_cmd_data",
+    ],
+    # ARM EABI compiler runtime (LibreTiny uses ARM Cortex-M)
+    "arm_runtime": [
+        "__aeabi_",
+        "__adddf3",
+        "__subdf3",
+        "__muldf3",
+        "__divdf3",
+        "__addsf3",
+        "__subsf3",
+        "__mulsf3",
+        "__divsf3",
+        "__gnu_unwind",
+    ],
     "xtensa": ["xt_", "_xt_", "xPortEnterCriticalTimeout"],
     "heap": ["heap_", "multi_heap"],
     "spi_flash": ["spi_flash"],
@@ -782,7 +855,22 @@ SYMBOL_PATTERNS = {
     "math_internal": ["__mdiff", "__lshift", "__mprec_tens", "quorem"],
     "character_class": ["__chclass"],
     "camellia": ["camellia_", "camellia_feistel"],
-    "crypto_tables": ["FSb", "FSb2", "FSb3", "FSb4"],
+    "crypto_tables": [
+        "FSb",
+        "FSb2",
+        "FSb3",
+        "FSb4",
+        "Te0",  # AES encryption table
+        "Td0",  # AES decryption table
+        "crc32_table",  # CRC32 lookup table
+        "crc_tab",  # CRC lookup table
+    ],
+    "crypto_hash": [
+        "SHA1Transform",  # SHA1 hash function
+        "MD5Transform",  # MD5 hash function
+        "SHA256",
+        "SHA512",
+    ],
     "event_buffer": ["g_eb_list_desc", "eb_space"],
     "base_node": ["base_node_", "base_node_add_handler"],
     "file_descriptor": ["s_fd_table"],

esphome/analyze_memory/demangle.py

@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+"""Symbol demangling utilities for memory analysis.
+
+This module provides functions for demangling C++ symbol names using c++filt.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+import re
+import subprocess
+
+from .toolchain import find_tool
+
+_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# GCC global constructor/destructor prefix annotations
+GCC_PREFIX_ANNOTATIONS = {
+    "_GLOBAL__sub_I_": "global constructor for",
+    "_GLOBAL__sub_D_": "global destructor for",
+}
+
+# GCC optimization suffix pattern (e.g., $isra$0, $part$1, $constprop$2)
+GCC_OPTIMIZATION_SUFFIX_PATTERN = re.compile(r"(\$(?:isra|part|constprop)\$\d+)")
+
+
+def _strip_gcc_annotations(symbol: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
+    """Strip GCC optimization suffixes and prefixes from a symbol.
+
+    Args:
+        symbol: The mangled symbol name
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple of (stripped_symbol, removed_prefix)
+    """
+    # Remove GCC optimization markers
+    stripped = GCC_OPTIMIZATION_SUFFIX_PATTERN.sub("", symbol)
+
+    # Handle GCC global constructor/initializer prefixes
+    prefix = ""
+    for gcc_prefix in GCC_PREFIX_ANNOTATIONS:
+        if stripped.startswith(gcc_prefix):
+            prefix = gcc_prefix
+            stripped = stripped[len(prefix) :]
+            break
+
+    return stripped, prefix
+
+
+def _restore_symbol_prefix(prefix: str, stripped: str, demangled: str) -> str:
+    """Restore prefix that was removed before demangling.
+
+    Args:
+        prefix: Prefix that was removed (e.g., "_GLOBAL__sub_I_")
+        stripped: Stripped symbol name
+        demangled: Demangled symbol name
+
+    Returns:
+        Demangled name with prefix restored/annotated
+    """
+    if not prefix:
+        return demangled
+
+    # Successfully demangled - add descriptive prefix
+    if demangled != stripped and (annotation := GCC_PREFIX_ANNOTATIONS.get(prefix)):
+        return f"[{annotation}: {demangled}]"
+
+    # Failed to demangle - restore original prefix
+    return prefix + demangled
+
+
+def _restore_symbol_suffix(original: str, demangled: str) -> str:
+    """Restore GCC optimization suffix that was removed before demangling.
+
+    Args:
+        original: Original symbol name with suffix
+        demangled: Demangled symbol name without suffix
+
+    Returns:
+        Demangled name with suffix annotation
+    """
+    if suffix_match := GCC_OPTIMIZATION_SUFFIX_PATTERN.search(original):
+        return f"{demangled} [{suffix_match.group(1)}]"
+    return demangled
+
+
+def batch_demangle(
+    symbols: list[str],
+    cppfilt_path: str | None = None,
+    objdump_path: str | None = None,
+) -> dict[str, str]:
+    """Batch demangle C++ symbol names.
+
+    Args:
+        symbols: List of symbol names to demangle
+        cppfilt_path: Path to c++filt binary (auto-detected if not provided)
+        objdump_path: Path to objdump binary to derive c++filt path from
+
+    Returns:
+        Dictionary mapping original symbol names to demangled names
+    """
+    cache: dict[str, str] = {}
+
+    if not symbols:
+        return cache
+
+    # Find c++filt tool
+    cppfilt_cmd = cppfilt_path or find_tool("c++filt", objdump_path)
+    if not cppfilt_cmd:
+        _LOGGER.warning("Could not find c++filt, symbols will not be demangled")
+        return {s: s for s in symbols}
+
+    _LOGGER.debug("Demangling %d symbols using %s", len(symbols), cppfilt_cmd)
+
+    # Strip GCC optimization suffixes and prefixes before demangling
+    symbols_stripped: list[str] = []
+    symbols_prefixes: list[str] = []
+    for symbol in symbols:
+        stripped, prefix = _strip_gcc_annotations(symbol)
+        symbols_stripped.append(stripped)
+        symbols_prefixes.append(prefix)
+
+    try:
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            [cppfilt_cmd],
+            input="\n".join(symbols_stripped),
+            capture_output=True,
+            text=True,
+            check=False,
+        )
+    except (subprocess.SubprocessError, OSError, UnicodeDecodeError) as e:
+        _LOGGER.warning("Failed to batch demangle symbols: %s", e)
+        return {s: s for s in symbols}
+
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        _LOGGER.warning(
+            "c++filt exited with code %d: %s",
+            result.returncode,
+            result.stderr[:200] if result.stderr else "(no error output)",
+        )
+        return {s: s for s in symbols}
+
+    # Process demangled output
+    demangled_lines = result.stdout.strip().split("\n")
+
+    # Check for output length mismatch
+    if len(demangled_lines) != len(symbols):
+        _LOGGER.warning(
+            "c++filt output mismatch: expected %d lines, got %d",
+            len(symbols),
+            len(demangled_lines),
+        )
+        return {s: s for s in symbols}
+
+    failed_count = 0
+
+    for original, stripped, prefix, demangled in zip(
+        symbols, symbols_stripped, symbols_prefixes, demangled_lines
+    ):
+        # Add back any prefix that was removed
+        demangled = _restore_symbol_prefix(prefix, stripped, demangled)
+
+        # If we stripped a suffix, add it back to the demangled name for clarity
+        if original != stripped and not prefix:
+            demangled = _restore_symbol_suffix(original, demangled)
+
+        cache[original] = demangled
+
+        # Count symbols that failed to demangle
+        if stripped == demangled and stripped.startswith("_Z"):
+            failed_count += 1
+            if failed_count <= 5:
+                _LOGGER.debug("Failed to demangle: %s", original)
+
+    if failed_count > 0:
+        _LOGGER.debug(
+            "Failed to demangle %d/%d symbols using %s",
+            failed_count,
+            len(symbols),
+            cppfilt_cmd,
+        )
+
+    return cache

esphome/analyze_memory/ram_strings.py

@@ -0,0 +1,493 @@
+"""Analyzer for RAM-stored strings in ESP8266/ESP32 firmware ELF files.
+
+This module identifies strings that are stored in RAM sections (.data, .bss, .rodata)
+rather than in flash sections (.irom0.text, .irom.text), which is important for
+memory-constrained platforms like ESP8266.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections import defaultdict
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+import logging
+from pathlib import Path
+import re
+import subprocess
+
+from .demangle import batch_demangle
+from .toolchain import find_tool
+
+_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# ESP8266: .rodata is in RAM (DRAM), not flash
+# ESP32: .rodata is in flash, mapped to data bus
+ESP8266_RAM_SECTIONS = frozenset([".data", ".rodata", ".bss"])
+ESP8266_FLASH_SECTIONS = frozenset([".irom0.text", ".irom.text", ".text"])
+
+# ESP32: .rodata is memory-mapped from flash
+ESP32_RAM_SECTIONS = frozenset([".data", ".bss", ".dram0.data", ".dram0.bss"])
+ESP32_FLASH_SECTIONS = frozenset([".text", ".rodata", ".flash.text", ".flash.rodata"])
+
+# nm symbol types for data symbols (D=global data, d=local data, R=rodata, B=bss)
+DATA_SYMBOL_TYPES = frozenset(["D", "d", "R", "r", "B", "b"])
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SectionInfo:
+    """Information about an ELF section."""
+
+    name: str
+    address: int
+    size: int
+
+
+@dataclass
+class RamString:
+    """A string found in RAM."""
+
+    section: str
+    address: int
+    content: str
+
+    @property
+    def size(self) -> int:
+        """Size in bytes including null terminator."""
+        return len(self.content) + 1
+
+
+@dataclass
+class RamSymbol:
+    """A symbol found in RAM."""
+
+    name: str
+    sym_type: str
+    address: int
+    size: int
+    section: str
+    demangled: str = ""  # Demangled name, set after batch demangling
+
+
+class RamStringsAnalyzer:
+    """Analyzes ELF files to find strings stored in RAM."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        elf_path: str,
+        objdump_path: str | None = None,
+        min_length: int = 8,
+        platform: str = "esp32",
+    ) -> None:
+        """Initialize the RAM strings analyzer.
+
+        Args:
+            elf_path: Path to the ELF file to analyze
+            objdump_path: Path to objdump binary (used to find other tools)
+            min_length: Minimum string length to report (default: 8)
+            platform: Platform name ("esp8266", "esp32", etc.) for section mapping
+        """
+        self.elf_path = Path(elf_path)
+        if not self.elf_path.exists():
+            raise FileNotFoundError(f"ELF file not found: {elf_path}")
+
+        self.objdump_path = objdump_path
+        self.min_length = min_length
+        self.platform = platform
+
+        # Set RAM/flash sections based on platform
+        if self.platform == "esp8266":
+            self.ram_sections = ESP8266_RAM_SECTIONS
+            self.flash_sections = ESP8266_FLASH_SECTIONS
+        else:
+            # ESP32 and other platforms
+            self.ram_sections = ESP32_RAM_SECTIONS
+            self.flash_sections = ESP32_FLASH_SECTIONS
+
+        self.sections: dict[str, SectionInfo] = {}
+        self.ram_strings: list[RamString] = []
+        self.ram_symbols: list[RamSymbol] = []
+
+    def _run_command(self, cmd: list[str]) -> str:
+        """Run a command and return its output."""
+        try:
+            result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True, check=True)
+            return result.stdout
+        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+            _LOGGER.debug("Command failed: %s - %s", " ".join(cmd), e.stderr)
+            raise
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            _LOGGER.warning("Command not found: %s", cmd[0])
+            raise
+
+    def analyze(self) -> None:
+        """Perform the full RAM analysis."""
+        self._parse_sections()
+        self._extract_strings()
+        self._analyze_symbols()
+        self._demangle_symbols()
+
+    def _parse_sections(self) -> None:
+        """Parse section headers from ELF file."""
+        objdump = find_tool("objdump", self.objdump_path)
+        if not objdump:
+            _LOGGER.error("Could not find objdump command")
+            return
+
+        try:
+            output = self._run_command([objdump, "-h", str(self.elf_path)])
+        except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, FileNotFoundError):
+            return
+
+        # Parse section headers
+        # Format: Idx Name          Size      VMA       LMA       File off  Algn
+        section_pattern = re.compile(
+            r"^\s*\d+\s+(\S+)\s+([0-9a-fA-F]+)\s+([0-9a-fA-F]+)"
+        )
+
+        for line in output.split("\n"):
+            if match := section_pattern.match(line):
+                name = match.group(1)
+                size = int(match.group(2), 16)
+                vma = int(match.group(3), 16)
+                self.sections[name] = SectionInfo(name, vma, size)
+
+    def _extract_strings(self) -> None:
+        """Extract strings from RAM sections."""
+        objdump = find_tool("objdump", self.objdump_path)
+        if not objdump:
+            return
+
+        for section_name in self.ram_sections:
+            if section_name not in self.sections:
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                output = self._run_command(
+                    [objdump, "-s", "-j", section_name, str(self.elf_path)]
+                )
+            except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+                # Section may exist but have no content (e.g., .bss)
+                continue
+            except FileNotFoundError:
+                continue
+
+            strings = self._parse_hex_dump(output, section_name)
+            self.ram_strings.extend(strings)
+
+    def _parse_hex_dump(self, output: str, section_name: str) -> list[RamString]:
+        """Parse hex dump output to extract strings.
+
+        Args:
+            output: Output from objdump -s
+            section_name: Name of the section being parsed
+
+        Returns:
+            List of RamString objects
+        """
+        strings: list[RamString] = []
+        current_string = bytearray()
+        string_start_addr = 0
+
+        for line in output.split("\n"):
+            # Lines look like: " 3ffef8a0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  ................"
+            match = re.match(r"^\s+([0-9a-fA-F]+)\s+((?:[0-9a-fA-F]{2,8}\s*)+)", line)
+            if not match:
+                continue
+
+            addr = int(match.group(1), 16)
+            hex_data = match.group(2).strip()
+
+            # Convert hex to bytes
+            hex_bytes = hex_data.split()
+            byte_offset = 0
+            for hex_chunk in hex_bytes:
+                # Handle both byte-by-byte and word formats
+                for i in range(0, len(hex_chunk), 2):
+                    byte_val = int(hex_chunk[i : i + 2], 16)
+                    if 0x20 <= byte_val <= 0x7E:  # Printable ASCII
+                        if not current_string:
+                            string_start_addr = addr + byte_offset
+                        current_string.append(byte_val)
+                    else:
+                        if byte_val == 0 and len(current_string) >= self.min_length:
+                            # Found null terminator
+                            strings.append(
+                                RamString(
+                                    section=section_name,
+                                    address=string_start_addr,
+                                    content=current_string.decode(
+                                        "ascii", errors="ignore"
+                                    ),
+                                )
+                            )
+                        current_string = bytearray()
+                    byte_offset += 1
+
+        return strings
+
+    def _analyze_symbols(self) -> None:
+        """Analyze symbols in RAM sections."""
+        nm = find_tool("nm", self.objdump_path)
+        if not nm:
+            return
+
+        try:
+            output = self._run_command([nm, "-S", "--size-sort", str(self.elf_path)])
+        except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, FileNotFoundError):
+            return
+
+        for line in output.split("\n"):
+            parts = line.split()
+            if len(parts) < 4:
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                addr = int(parts[0], 16)
+                size = int(parts[1], 16) if parts[1] != "?" else 0
+            except ValueError:
+                continue
+
+            sym_type = parts[2]
+            name = " ".join(parts[3:])
+
+            # Filter for data symbols
+            if sym_type not in DATA_SYMBOL_TYPES:
+                continue
+
+            # Check if symbol is in a RAM section
+            for section_name in self.ram_sections:
+                if section_name not in self.sections:
+                    continue
+
+                section = self.sections[section_name]
+                if section.address <= addr < section.address + section.size:
+                    self.ram_symbols.append(
+                        RamSymbol(
+                            name=name,
+                            sym_type=sym_type,
+                            address=addr,
+                            size=size,
+                            section=section_name,
+                        )
+                    )
+                    break
+
+    def _demangle_symbols(self) -> None:
+        """Batch demangle all RAM symbol names."""
+        if not self.ram_symbols:
+            return
+
+        # Collect all symbol names and demangle them
+        symbol_names = [s.name for s in self.ram_symbols]
+        demangle_cache = batch_demangle(symbol_names, objdump_path=self.objdump_path)
+
+        # Assign demangled names to symbols
+        for symbol in self.ram_symbols:
+            symbol.demangled = demangle_cache.get(symbol.name, symbol.name)
+
+    def _get_sections_size(self, section_names: frozenset[str]) -> int:
+        """Get total size of specified sections."""
+        return sum(
+            section.size
+            for name, section in self.sections.items()
+            if name in section_names
+        )
+
+    def get_total_ram_usage(self) -> int:
+        """Get total RAM usage from RAM sections."""
+        return self._get_sections_size(self.ram_sections)
+
+    def get_total_flash_usage(self) -> int:
+        """Get total flash usage from flash sections."""
+        return self._get_sections_size(self.flash_sections)
+
+    def get_total_string_bytes(self) -> int:
+        """Get total bytes used by strings in RAM."""
+        return sum(s.size for s in self.ram_strings)
+
+    def get_repeated_strings(self) -> list[tuple[str, int]]:
+        """Find strings that appear multiple times.
+
+        Returns:
+            List of (string, count) tuples sorted by potential savings
+        """
+        string_counts: dict[str, int] = defaultdict(int)
+        for ram_string in self.ram_strings:
+            string_counts[ram_string.content] += 1
+
+        return sorted(
+            [(s, c) for s, c in string_counts.items() if c > 1],
+            key=lambda x: x[1] * (len(x[0]) + 1),
+            reverse=True,
+        )
+
+    def get_long_strings(self, min_len: int = 20) -> list[RamString]:
+        """Get strings longer than the specified length.
+
+        Args:
+            min_len: Minimum string length
+
+        Returns:
+            List of RamString objects sorted by length
+        """
+        return sorted(
+            [s for s in self.ram_strings if len(s.content) >= min_len],
+            key=lambda x: len(x.content),
+            reverse=True,
+        )
+
+    def get_largest_symbols(self, min_size: int = 100) -> list[RamSymbol]:
+        """Get RAM symbols larger than the specified size.
+
+        Args:
+            min_size: Minimum symbol size in bytes
+
+        Returns:
+            List of RamSymbol objects sorted by size
+        """
+        return sorted(
+            [s for s in self.ram_symbols if s.size >= min_size],
+            key=lambda x: x.size,
+            reverse=True,
+        )
+
+    def generate_report(self, show_all_sections: bool = False) -> str:
+        """Generate a formatted RAM strings analysis report.
+
+        Args:
+            show_all_sections: If True, show all sections, not just RAM
+
+        Returns:
+            Formatted report string
+        """
+        lines: list[str] = []
+        table_width = 80
+
+        lines.append("=" * table_width)
+        lines.append(
+            f"RAM Strings Analysis ({self.platform.upper()})".center(table_width)
+        )
+        lines.append("=" * table_width)
+        lines.append("")
+
+        # Section Analysis
+        lines.append("SECTION ANALYSIS")
+        lines.append("-" * table_width)
+        lines.append(f"{'Section':<20} {'Address':<12} {'Size':<12} {'Location'}")
+        lines.append("-" * table_width)
+
+        total_ram_usage = 0
+        total_flash_usage = 0
+
+        for name, section in sorted(self.sections.items(), key=lambda x: x[1].address):
+            if name in self.ram_sections:
+                location = "RAM"
+                total_ram_usage += section.size
+            elif name in self.flash_sections:
+                location = "FLASH"
+                total_flash_usage += section.size
+            else:
+                location = "OTHER"
+
+            if show_all_sections or name in self.ram_sections:
+                lines.append(
+                    f"{name:<20} 0x{section.address:08x}   {section.size:>8} B   {location}"
+                )
+
+        lines.append("-" * table_width)
+        lines.append(f"Total RAM sections size: {total_ram_usage:,} bytes")
+        lines.append(f"Total Flash sections size: {total_flash_usage:,} bytes")
+
+        # Strings in RAM
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.append("=" * table_width)
+        lines.append("STRINGS IN RAM SECTIONS")
+        lines.append("=" * table_width)
+        lines.append(
+            "Note: .bss sections contain uninitialized data (no strings to extract)"
+        )
+
+        # Group strings by section
+        strings_by_section: dict[str, list[RamString]] = defaultdict(list)
+        for ram_string in self.ram_strings:
+            strings_by_section[ram_string.section].append(ram_string)
+
+        for section_name in sorted(strings_by_section.keys()):
+            section_strings = strings_by_section[section_name]
+            lines.append(f"\nSection: {section_name}")
+            lines.append("-" * 40)
+            for ram_string in sorted(section_strings, key=lambda x: x.address):
+                clean_string = ram_string.content[:100] + (
+                    "..." if len(ram_string.content) > 100 else ""
+                )
+                lines.append(
+                    f'  0x{ram_string.address:08x}: "{clean_string}" (len={len(ram_string.content)})'
+                )
+
+        # Large RAM symbols
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.append("=" * table_width)
+        lines.append("LARGE DATA SYMBOLS IN RAM (>= 50 bytes)")
+        lines.append("=" * table_width)
+
+        largest_symbols = self.get_largest_symbols(50)
+        lines.append(f"\n{'Symbol':<50} {'Type':<6} {'Size':<10} {'Section'}")
+        lines.append("-" * table_width)
+
+        for symbol in largest_symbols:
+            # Use demangled name if available, otherwise raw name
+            display_name = symbol.demangled or symbol.name
+            name_display = display_name[:49] if len(display_name) > 49 else display_name
+            lines.append(
+                f"{name_display:<50} {symbol.sym_type:<6} {symbol.size:>8} B  {symbol.section}"
+            )
+
+        # Summary
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.append("=" * table_width)
+        lines.append("SUMMARY")
+        lines.append("=" * table_width)
+        lines.append(f"Total strings found in RAM: {len(self.ram_strings)}")
+        total_string_bytes = self.get_total_string_bytes()
+        lines.append(f"Total bytes used by strings: {total_string_bytes:,}")
+
+        # Optimization targets
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.append("=" * table_width)
+        lines.append("POTENTIAL OPTIMIZATION TARGETS")
+        lines.append("=" * table_width)
+
+        # Repeated strings
+        repeated = self.get_repeated_strings()[:10]
+        if repeated:
+            lines.append("\nRepeated strings (could be deduplicated):")
+            for string, count in repeated:
+                savings = (count - 1) * (len(string) + 1)
+                clean_string = string[:50] + ("..." if len(string) > 50 else "")
+                lines.append(
+                    f'  "{clean_string}" - appears {count} times (potential savings: {savings} bytes)'
+                )
+
+        # Long strings - platform-specific advice
+        long_strings = self.get_long_strings(20)[:10]
+        if long_strings:
+            if self.platform == "esp8266":
+                lines.append(
+                    "\nLong strings that could be moved to PROGMEM (>= 20 chars):"
+                )
+            else:
+                # ESP32: strings in DRAM are typically there for a reason
+                # (interrupt handlers, pre-flash-init code, etc.)
+                lines.append("\nLong strings in DRAM (>= 20 chars):")
+                lines.append(
+                    "Note: ESP32 DRAM strings may be required for interrupt/early-boot contexts"
+                )
+            for ram_string in long_strings:
+                clean_string = ram_string.content[:60] + (
+                    "..." if len(ram_string.content) > 60 else ""
+                )
+                lines.append(
+                    f'  {ram_string.section} @ 0x{ram_string.address:08x}: "{clean_string}" ({len(ram_string.content)} bytes)'
+                )
+
+        lines.append("")
+        return "\n".join(lines)

esphome/analyze_memory/toolchain.py

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+"""Toolchain utilities for memory analysis."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+from pathlib import Path
+import subprocess
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# Platform-specific toolchain prefixes
+TOOLCHAIN_PREFIXES = [
+    "xtensa-lx106-elf-",  # ESP8266
+    "xtensa-esp32-elf-",  # ESP32
+    "xtensa-esp-elf-",  # ESP32 (newer IDF)
+    "",  # System default (no prefix)
+]
+
+
+def find_tool(
+    tool_name: str,
+    objdump_path: str | None = None,
+) -> str | None:
+    """Find a toolchain tool by name.
+
+    First tries to derive the tool path from objdump_path (if provided),
+    then falls back to searching for platform-specific tools.
+
+    Args:
+        tool_name: Name of the tool (e.g., "objdump", "nm", "c++filt")
+        objdump_path: Path to objdump binary to derive other tool paths from
+
+    Returns:
+        Path to the tool or None if not found
+    """
+    # Try to derive from objdump path first (most reliable)
+    if objdump_path and objdump_path != "objdump":
+        objdump_file = Path(objdump_path)
+        # Replace just the filename portion, preserving any prefix (e.g., xtensa-esp32-elf-)
+        new_name = objdump_file.name.replace("objdump", tool_name)
+        potential_path = str(objdump_file.with_name(new_name))
+        if Path(potential_path).exists():
+            _LOGGER.debug("Found %s at: %s", tool_name, potential_path)
+            return potential_path
+
+    # Try platform-specific tools
+    for prefix in TOOLCHAIN_PREFIXES:
+        cmd = f"{prefix}{tool_name}"
+        try:
+            subprocess.run([cmd, "--version"], capture_output=True, check=True)
+            _LOGGER.debug("Found %s: %s", tool_name, cmd)
+            return cmd
+        except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, FileNotFoundError):
+            continue
+
+    _LOGGER.warning("Could not find %s tool", tool_name)
+    return None
+
+
+def run_tool(
+    cmd: Sequence[str],
+    timeout: int = 30,
+) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess[str] | None:
+    """Run a toolchain command and return the result.
+
+    Args:
+        cmd: Command and arguments to run
+        timeout: Timeout in seconds
+
+    Returns:
+        CompletedProcess on success, None on failure
+    """
+    try:
+        return subprocess.run(
+            cmd,
+            capture_output=True,
+            text=True,
+            timeout=timeout,
+            check=False,
+        )
+    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
+        _LOGGER.warning("Command timed out: %s", " ".join(cmd))
+        return None
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        _LOGGER.warning("Command not found: %s", cmd[0])
+        return None
+    except OSError as e:
+        _LOGGER.warning("Failed to run command %s: %s", cmd[0], e)
+        return None

esphome/components/a01nyub/a01nyub.cpp

@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ void A01nyubComponent::check_buffer_() {
       ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Distance from sensor: %f mm, %f m", distance, meters);
       this->publish_state(meters);
     } else {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Invalid data read from sensor: %s", format_hex_pretty(this->buffer_).c_str());
+      char hex_buf[format_hex_pretty_size(4)];
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Invalid data read from sensor: %s",
+               format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, this->buffer_.data(), this->buffer_.size()));
     }
   } else {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "checksum failed: %02x != %02x", checksum, this->buffer_[3]);

esphome/components/a02yyuw/a02yyuw.cpp

@@ -29,7 +29,9 @@ void A02yyuwComponent::check_buffer_() {
       ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Distance from sensor: %f mm", distance);
       this->publish_state(distance);
     } else {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Invalid data read from sensor: %s", format_hex_pretty(this->buffer_).c_str());
+      char hex_buf[format_hex_pretty_size(4)];
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Invalid data read from sensor: %s",
+               format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, this->buffer_.data(), this->buffer_.size()));
     }
   } else {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "checksum failed: %02x != %02x", checksum, this->buffer_[3]);

esphome/components/absolute_humidity/absolute_humidity.cpp

@@ -87,16 +87,19 @@ void AbsoluteHumidityComponent::loop() {
       break;
     default:
       this->publish_state(NAN);
-      this->status_set_error("Invalid saturation vapor pressure equation selection!");
+      this->status_set_error(LOG_STR("Invalid saturation vapor pressure equation selection!"));
       return;
   }
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Saturation vapor pressure %f kPa", es);
 
   // Calculate absolute humidity
   const float absolute_humidity = vapor_density(es, hr, temperature_k);
 
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG,
+           "Saturation vapor pressure %f kPa\n"
+           "Publishing absolute humidity %f g/m³",
+           es, absolute_humidity);
+
   // Publish absolute humidity
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Publishing absolute humidity %f g/m³", absolute_humidity);
   this->status_clear_warning();
   this->publish_state(absolute_humidity);
 }
@@ -163,7 +166,7 @@ float AbsoluteHumidityComponent::es_wobus(float t) {
 }
 
 // From https://www.environmentalbiophysics.org/chalk-talk-how-to-calculate-absolute-humidity/
-// H/T to https://esphome.io/cookbook/bme280_environment.html
+// H/T to https://esphome.io/cookbook/bme280_environment/
 // H/T to https://carnotcycle.wordpress.com/2012/08/04/how-to-convert-relative-humidity-to-absolute-humidity/
 float AbsoluteHumidityComponent::vapor_density(float es, float hr, float ta) {
   // es = saturated vapor pressure (kPa)

esphome/components/ac_dimmer/ac_dimmer.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-#ifdef USE_ARDUINO
-
 #include "ac_dimmer.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
@@ -9,12 +7,12 @@
 #ifdef USE_ESP8266
 #include <core_esp8266_waveform.h>
 #endif
-#ifdef USE_ESP32_FRAMEWORK_ARDUINO
-#include <esp32-hal-timer.h>
+
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
+#include "hw_timer_esp_idf.h"
 #endif
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace ac_dimmer {
+namespace esphome::ac_dimmer {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "ac_dimmer";
 
@@ -27,7 +25,14 @@ static AcDimmerDataStore *all_dimmers[32];  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-no
 /// However other factors like gate driver propagation time
 /// are also considered and a really low value is not important
 /// See also: https://github.com/esphome/issues/issues/1632
-static const uint32_t GATE_ENABLE_TIME = 50;
+static constexpr uint32_t GATE_ENABLE_TIME = 50;
+
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
+/// Timer frequency in Hz (1 MHz = 1µs resolution)
+static constexpr uint32_t TIMER_FREQUENCY_HZ = 1000000;
+/// Timer interrupt interval in microseconds
+static constexpr uint64_t TIMER_INTERVAL_US = 50;
+#endif
 
 /// Function called from timer interrupt
 /// Input is current time in microseconds (micros())
@@ -154,7 +159,7 @@ void IRAM_ATTR HOT AcDimmerDataStore::s_gpio_intr(AcDimmerDataStore *store) {
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
 // ESP32 implementation, uses basically the same code but needs to wrap
 // timer_interrupt() function to auto-reschedule
-static hw_timer_t *dimmer_timer = nullptr;  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-const-global-variables)
+static HWTimer *dimmer_timer = nullptr;  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-const-global-variables)
 void IRAM_ATTR HOT AcDimmerDataStore::s_timer_intr() { timer_interrupt(); }
 #endif
 
@@ -194,15 +199,15 @@ void AcDimmer::setup() {
   setTimer1Callback(&timer_interrupt);
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
-  // timer frequency of 1mhz
-  dimmer_timer = timerBegin(1000000);
-  timerAttachInterrupt(dimmer_timer, &AcDimmerDataStore::s_timer_intr);
+  dimmer_timer = timer_begin(TIMER_FREQUENCY_HZ);
+  timer_attach_interrupt(dimmer_timer, &AcDimmerDataStore::s_timer_intr);
   // For ESP32, we can't use dynamic interval calculation because the timerX functions
   // are not callable from ISR (placed in flash storage).
   // Here we just use an interrupt firing every 50 µs.
-  timerAlarm(dimmer_timer, 50, true, 0);
+  timer_alarm(dimmer_timer, TIMER_INTERVAL_US, true, 0);
 #endif
 }
+
 void AcDimmer::write_state(float state) {
   state = std::acos(1 - (2 * state)) / std::numbers::pi;  // RMS power compensation
   auto new_value = static_cast<uint16_t>(roundf(state * 65535));
@@ -210,14 +215,15 @@ void AcDimmer::write_state(float state) {
     this->store_.init_cycle = this->init_with_half_cycle_;
   this->store_.value = new_value;
 }
+
 void AcDimmer::dump_config() {
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "AcDimmer:");
-  LOG_PIN("  Output Pin: ", this->gate_pin_);
-  LOG_PIN("  Zero-Cross Pin: ", this->zero_cross_pin_);
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
+                "AcDimmer:\n"
                 "   Min Power: %.1f%%\n"
                 "   Init with half cycle: %s",
                 this->store_.min_power / 10.0f, YESNO(this->init_with_half_cycle_));
+  LOG_PIN("  Output Pin: ", this->gate_pin_);
+  LOG_PIN("  Zero-Cross Pin: ", this->zero_cross_pin_);
   if (method_ == DIM_METHOD_LEADING_PULSE) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   Method: leading pulse");
   } else if (method_ == DIM_METHOD_LEADING) {
@@ -230,7 +236,4 @@ void AcDimmer::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "  Estimated Frequency: %.3fHz", 1e6f / this->store_.cycle_time_us / 2);
 }
 
-}  // namespace ac_dimmer
-}  // namespace esphome
-
-#endif  // USE_ARDUINO
+}  // namespace esphome::ac_dimmer

esphome/components/ac_dimmer/ac_dimmer.h

@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#ifdef USE_ARDUINO
-
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/components/output/float_output.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace ac_dimmer {
+namespace esphome::ac_dimmer {
 
 enum DimMethod { DIM_METHOD_LEADING_PULSE = 0, DIM_METHOD_LEADING, DIM_METHOD_TRAILING };
 
@@ -64,7 +61,4 @@ class AcDimmer : public output::FloatOutput, public Component {
   DimMethod method_;
 };
 
-}  // namespace ac_dimmer
-}  // namespace esphome
-
-#endif  // USE_ARDUINO
+}  // namespace esphome::ac_dimmer

esphome/components/ac_dimmer/hw_timer_esp_idf.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
+
+#include "hw_timer_esp_idf.h"
+
+#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
+#include "esphome/core/log.h"
+
+#include "driver/gptimer.h"
+#include "esp_clk_tree.h"
+#include "soc/clk_tree_defs.h"
+
+static const char *const TAG = "hw_timer_esp_idf";
+
+namespace esphome::ac_dimmer {
+
+// GPTimer divider constraints from ESP-IDF documentation
+static constexpr uint32_t GPTIMER_DIVIDER_MIN = 2;
+static constexpr uint32_t GPTIMER_DIVIDER_MAX = 65536;
+
+using voidFuncPtr = void (*)();
+using voidFuncPtrArg = void (*)(void *);
+
+struct InterruptConfigT {
+  voidFuncPtr fn{nullptr};
+  void *arg{nullptr};
+};
+
+struct HWTimer {
+  gptimer_handle_t timer_handle{nullptr};
+  InterruptConfigT interrupt_handle{};
+  bool timer_started{false};
+};
+
+HWTimer *timer_begin(uint32_t frequency) {
+  esp_err_t err = ESP_OK;
+  uint32_t counter_src_hz = 0;
+  uint32_t divider = 0;
+  soc_module_clk_t clk;
+  for (auto clk_candidate : SOC_GPTIMER_CLKS) {
+    clk = clk_candidate;
+    esp_clk_tree_src_get_freq_hz(clk, ESP_CLK_TREE_SRC_FREQ_PRECISION_CACHED, &counter_src_hz);
+    divider = counter_src_hz / frequency;
+    if ((divider >= GPTIMER_DIVIDER_MIN) && (divider <= GPTIMER_DIVIDER_MAX)) {
+      break;
+    } else {
+      divider = 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (divider == 0) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Resolution not possible; aborting");
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  gptimer_config_t config = {
+      .clk_src = static_cast<gptimer_clock_source_t>(clk),
+      .direction = GPTIMER_COUNT_UP,
+      .resolution_hz = frequency,
+      .flags = {.intr_shared = true},
+  };
+
+  HWTimer *timer = new HWTimer();
+
+  err = gptimer_new_timer(&config, &timer->timer_handle);
+  if (err != ESP_OK) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "GPTimer creation failed; error %d", err);
+    delete timer;
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  err = gptimer_enable(timer->timer_handle);
+  if (err != ESP_OK) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "GPTimer enable failed; error %d", err);
+    gptimer_del_timer(timer->timer_handle);
+    delete timer;
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  err = gptimer_start(timer->timer_handle);
+  if (err != ESP_OK) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "GPTimer start failed; error %d", err);
+    gptimer_disable(timer->timer_handle);
+    gptimer_del_timer(timer->timer_handle);
+    delete timer;
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  timer->timer_started = true;
+  return timer;
+}
+
+bool IRAM_ATTR timer_fn_wrapper(gptimer_handle_t timer, const gptimer_alarm_event_data_t *edata, void *args) {
+  auto *isr = static_cast<InterruptConfigT *>(args);
+  if (isr->fn) {
+    if (isr->arg) {
+      reinterpret_cast<voidFuncPtrArg>(isr->fn)(isr->arg);
+    } else {
+      isr->fn();
+    }
+  }
+  // Return false to indicate that no higher-priority task was woken and no context switch is requested.
+  return false;
+}
+
+static void timer_attach_interrupt_functional_arg(HWTimer *timer, void (*user_func)(void *), void *arg) {
+  if (timer == nullptr) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Timer handle is nullptr");
+    return;
+  }
+  gptimer_event_callbacks_t cbs = {
+      .on_alarm = timer_fn_wrapper,
+  };
+
+  timer->interrupt_handle.fn = reinterpret_cast<voidFuncPtr>(user_func);
+  timer->interrupt_handle.arg = arg;
+
+  if (timer->timer_started) {
+    gptimer_stop(timer->timer_handle);
+  }
+  gptimer_disable(timer->timer_handle);
+  esp_err_t err = gptimer_register_event_callbacks(timer->timer_handle, &cbs, &timer->interrupt_handle);
+  if (err != ESP_OK) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Timer Attach Interrupt failed; error %d", err);
+  }
+  gptimer_enable(timer->timer_handle);
+  if (timer->timer_started) {
+    gptimer_start(timer->timer_handle);
+  }
+}
+
+void timer_attach_interrupt(HWTimer *timer, voidFuncPtr user_func) {
+  timer_attach_interrupt_functional_arg(timer, reinterpret_cast<voidFuncPtrArg>(user_func), nullptr);
+}
+
+void timer_alarm(HWTimer *timer, uint64_t alarm_value, bool autoreload, uint64_t reload_count) {
+  if (timer == nullptr) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Timer handle is nullptr");
+    return;
+  }
+  gptimer_alarm_config_t alarm_cfg = {
+      .alarm_count = alarm_value,
+      .reload_count = reload_count,
+      .flags = {.auto_reload_on_alarm = autoreload},
+  };
+  esp_err_t err = gptimer_set_alarm_action(timer->timer_handle, &alarm_cfg);
+  if (err != ESP_OK) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Timer Alarm Write failed; error %d", err);
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ac_dimmer
+#endif

esphome/components/ac_dimmer/hw_timer_esp_idf.h

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
+
+#include "driver/gptimer_types.h"
+
+namespace esphome::ac_dimmer {
+
+struct HWTimer;
+
+HWTimer *timer_begin(uint32_t frequency);
+
+void timer_attach_interrupt(HWTimer *timer, void (*user_func)());
+void timer_alarm(HWTimer *timer, uint64_t alarm_value, bool autoreload, uint64_t reload_count);
+
+}  // namespace esphome::ac_dimmer
+
+#endif

esphome/components/ac_dimmer/output.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import output
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_ID, CONF_METHOD, CONF_MIN_POWER
+from esphome.core import CORE
 
 CODEOWNERS = ["@glmnet"]
 
@@ -31,11 +32,16 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
             ),
         }
     ).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA),
-    cv.only_with_arduino,
 )
 
 
 async def to_code(config):
+    if CORE.is_esp8266:
+        # ac_dimmer uses setTimer1Callback which requires the waveform generator
+        from esphome.components.esp8266.const import require_waveform
+
+        require_waveform()
+
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await cg.register_component(var, config)
 

esphome/components/adc/__init__.py

@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 from esphome import pins
 import esphome.codegen as cg
-from esphome.components.esp32 import VARIANT_ESP32P4, get_esp32_variant
-from esphome.components.esp32.const import (
+from esphome.components.esp32 import (
     VARIANT_ESP32,
     VARIANT_ESP32C2,
     VARIANT_ESP32C3,
     VARIANT_ESP32C5,
     VARIANT_ESP32C6,
+    VARIANT_ESP32C61,
     VARIANT_ESP32H2,
+    VARIANT_ESP32P4,
     VARIANT_ESP32S2,
     VARIANT_ESP32S3,
+    get_esp32_variant,
 )
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_ANALOG, CONF_INPUT, CONF_NUMBER, PLATFORM_ESP8266
@@ -99,6 +101,13 @@ ESP32_VARIANT_ADC1_PIN_TO_CHANNEL = {
         5: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_5,
         6: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_6,
     },
+    # https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32c61/api-reference/peripherals/gpio.html
+    VARIANT_ESP32C61: {
+        1: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_0,
+        3: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_1,
+        4: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_2,
+        5: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_3,
+    },
     # https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/blob/master/components/soc/esp32h2/include/soc/adc_channel.h
     VARIANT_ESP32H2: {
         1: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_0,
@@ -107,6 +116,17 @@ ESP32_VARIANT_ADC1_PIN_TO_CHANNEL = {
         4: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_3,
         5: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_4,
     },
+    # https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/blob/master/components/soc/esp32p4/include/soc/adc_channel.h
+    VARIANT_ESP32P4: {
+        16: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_0,
+        17: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_1,
+        18: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_2,
+        19: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_3,
+        20: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_4,
+        21: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_5,
+        22: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_6,
+        23: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_7,
+    },
     # https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/blob/master/components/soc/esp32s2/include/soc/adc_channel.h
     VARIANT_ESP32S2: {
         1: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_0,
@@ -133,16 +153,6 @@ ESP32_VARIANT_ADC1_PIN_TO_CHANNEL = {
         9: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_8,
         10: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_9,
     },
-    VARIANT_ESP32P4: {
-        16: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_0,
-        17: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_1,
-        18: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_2,
-        19: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_3,
-        20: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_4,
-        21: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_5,
-        22: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_6,
-        23: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_7,
-    },
 }
 
 # pin to adc2 channel mapping
@@ -173,8 +183,19 @@ ESP32_VARIANT_ADC2_PIN_TO_CHANNEL = {
     VARIANT_ESP32C5: {},  # no ADC2
     # https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/blob/master/components/soc/esp32c6/include/soc/adc_channel.h
     VARIANT_ESP32C6: {},  # no ADC2
+    # ESP32-C61 has no ADC2
+    VARIANT_ESP32C61: {},  # no ADC2
     # https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/blob/master/components/soc/esp32h2/include/soc/adc_channel.h
     VARIANT_ESP32H2: {},  # no ADC2
+    # https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/blob/master/components/soc/esp32p4/include/soc/adc_channel.h
+    VARIANT_ESP32P4: {
+        49: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_0,
+        50: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_1,
+        51: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_2,
+        52: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_3,
+        53: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_4,
+        54: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_5,
+    },
     # https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/blob/master/components/soc/esp32s2/include/soc/adc_channel.h
     VARIANT_ESP32S2: {
         11: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_0,
@@ -201,14 +222,6 @@ ESP32_VARIANT_ADC2_PIN_TO_CHANNEL = {
         19: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_8,
         20: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_9,
     },
-    VARIANT_ESP32P4: {
-        49: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_0,
-        50: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_1,
-        51: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_2,
-        52: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_3,
-        53: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_4,
-        54: adc_channel_t.ADC_CHANNEL_5,
-    },
 }
 
 

esphome/components/adc/adc_sensor_esp32.cpp

@@ -42,10 +42,11 @@ void ADCSensor::setup() {
     adc_oneshot_unit_init_cfg_t init_config = {};  // Zero initialize
     init_config.unit_id = this->adc_unit_;
     init_config.ulp_mode = ADC_ULP_MODE_DISABLE;
-#if USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C5 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2
+#if USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C5 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6 || \
+    USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2
     init_config.clk_src = ADC_DIGI_CLK_SRC_DEFAULT;
 #endif  // USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C5 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6 ||
-        // USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2
+        // USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2
     esp_err_t err = adc_oneshot_new_unit(&init_config, &ADCSensor::shared_adc_handles[this->adc_unit_]);
     if (err != ESP_OK) {
       ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error initializing %s: %d", LOG_STR_ARG(adc_unit_to_str(this->adc_unit_)), err);
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ void ADCSensor::setup() {
     adc_cali_handle_t handle = nullptr;
 
 #if USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C5 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6 || \
-    USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4
+    USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3
     // RISC-V variants and S3 use curve fitting calibration
     adc_cali_curve_fitting_config_t cali_config = {};  // Zero initialize first
 #if ESP_IDF_VERSION >= ESP_IDF_VERSION_VAL(5, 3, 0)
@@ -111,7 +112,7 @@ void ADCSensor::setup() {
       ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Line fitting calibration failed with error %d, will use uncalibrated readings", err);
       this->setup_flags_.calibration_complete = false;
     }
-#endif  // USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3 || ESP32C5 || ESP32C6 || ESP32S3 || ESP32H2
+#endif  // USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3 || ESP32C5 || ESP32C6 || ESP32C61 || ESP32H2 || ESP32P4 || ESP32S3
   }
 
   this->setup_flags_.init_complete = true;
@@ -120,23 +121,21 @@ void ADCSensor::setup() {
 void ADCSensor::dump_config() {
   LOG_SENSOR("", "ADC Sensor", this);
   LOG_PIN("  Pin: ", this->pin_);
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
-                "  Channel:       %d\n"
-                "  Unit:          %s\n"
-                "  Attenuation:   %s\n"
-                "  Samples:       %i\n"
-                "  Sampling mode: %s",
-                this->channel_, LOG_STR_ARG(adc_unit_to_str(this->adc_unit_)),
-                this->autorange_ ? "Auto" : LOG_STR_ARG(attenuation_to_str(this->attenuation_)), this->sample_count_,
-                LOG_STR_ARG(sampling_mode_to_str(this->sampling_mode_)));
-
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(
       TAG,
+      "  Channel:       %d\n"
+      "  Unit:          %s\n"
+      "  Attenuation:   %s\n"
+      "  Samples:       %i\n"
+      "  Sampling mode: %s\n"
       "  Setup Status:\n"
       "    Handle Init:  %s\n"
       "    Config:       %s\n"
       "    Calibration:  %s\n"
       "    Overall Init: %s",
+      this->channel_, LOG_STR_ARG(adc_unit_to_str(this->adc_unit_)),
+      this->autorange_ ? "Auto" : LOG_STR_ARG(attenuation_to_str(this->attenuation_)), this->sample_count_,
+      LOG_STR_ARG(sampling_mode_to_str(this->sampling_mode_)),
       this->setup_flags_.handle_init_complete ? "OK" : "FAILED", this->setup_flags_.config_complete ? "OK" : "FAILED",
       this->setup_flags_.calibration_complete ? "OK" : "FAILED", this->setup_flags_.init_complete ? "OK" : "FAILED");
 
@@ -186,11 +185,11 @@ float ADCSensor::sample_fixed_attenuation_() {
       ESP_LOGW(TAG, "ADC calibration conversion failed with error %d, disabling calibration", err);
       if (this->calibration_handle_ != nullptr) {
 #if USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C5 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6 || \
-    USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4
+    USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3
         adc_cali_delete_scheme_curve_fitting(this->calibration_handle_);
 #else   // Other ESP32 variants use line fitting calibration
         adc_cali_delete_scheme_line_fitting(this->calibration_handle_);
-#endif  // USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3 || ESP32C5 || ESP32C6 || ESP32S3 || ESP32H2
+#endif  // USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3 || ESP32C5 || ESP32C6 || ESP32C61 || ESP32H2 || ESP32P4 || ESP32S3
         this->calibration_handle_ = nullptr;
       }
     }
@@ -219,7 +218,7 @@ float ADCSensor::sample_autorange_() {
     if (this->calibration_handle_ != nullptr) {
       // Delete old calibration handle
 #if USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C5 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6 || \
-    USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4
+    USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3
       adc_cali_delete_scheme_curve_fitting(this->calibration_handle_);
 #else
       adc_cali_delete_scheme_line_fitting(this->calibration_handle_);
@@ -231,7 +230,7 @@ float ADCSensor::sample_autorange_() {
     adc_cali_handle_t handle = nullptr;
 
 #if USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C5 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6 || \
-    USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4
+    USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3
     adc_cali_curve_fitting_config_t cali_config = {};
 #if ESP_IDF_VERSION >= ESP_IDF_VERSION_VAL(5, 3, 0)
     cali_config.chan = this->channel_;
@@ -266,7 +265,7 @@ float ADCSensor::sample_autorange_() {
       ESP_LOGW(TAG, "ADC read failed in autorange with error %d", err);
       if (handle != nullptr) {
 #if USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C5 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6 || \
-    USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4
+    USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3
         adc_cali_delete_scheme_curve_fitting(handle);
 #else
         adc_cali_delete_scheme_line_fitting(handle);
@@ -288,7 +287,7 @@ float ADCSensor::sample_autorange_() {
       }
       // Clean up calibration handle
 #if USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C5 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6 || \
-    USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4
+    USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4 || USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3
       adc_cali_delete_scheme_curve_fitting(handle);
 #else
       adc_cali_delete_scheme_line_fitting(handle);

esphome/components/addressable_light/addressable_light_display.h

@@ -25,11 +25,13 @@ class AddressableLightDisplay : public display::DisplayBuffer {
       if (enabled_ && !enabled) {  // enabled -> disabled
         // - Tell the parent light to refresh, effectively wiping the display. Also
         //   restores the previous effect (if any).
-        light_state_->make_call().set_effect(this->last_effect_).perform();
+        if (this->last_effect_index_.has_value()) {
+          light_state_->make_call().set_effect(*this->last_effect_index_).perform();
+        }
 
       } else if (!enabled_ && enabled) {  // disabled -> enabled
-        // - Save the current effect.
-        this->last_effect_ = light_state_->get_effect_name();
+        // - Save the current effect index.
+        this->last_effect_index_ = light_state_->get_current_effect_index();
         // - Disable any current effect.
         light_state_->make_call().set_effect(0).perform();
       }
@@ -56,7 +58,7 @@ class AddressableLightDisplay : public display::DisplayBuffer {
   int32_t width_;
   int32_t height_;
   std::vector<Color> addressable_light_buffer_;
-  optional<std::string> last_effect_;
+  optional<uint32_t> last_effect_index_;
   optional<std::function<int(int, int)>> pixel_mapper_f_;
 };
 }  // namespace addressable_light

esphome/components/ade7880/ade7880.cpp

@@ -162,11 +162,13 @@ void ADE7880::update() {
 }
 
 void ADE7880::dump_config() {
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "ADE7880:");
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
+                "ADE7880:\n"
+                "  Frequency: %.0f Hz",
+                this->frequency_);
   LOG_PIN("  IRQ0  Pin: ", this->irq0_pin_);
   LOG_PIN("  IRQ1  Pin: ", this->irq1_pin_);
   LOG_PIN("  RESET Pin: ", this->reset_pin_);
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Frequency: %.0f Hz", this->frequency_);
 
   if (this->channel_a_ != nullptr) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Phase A:");

esphome/components/ade7880/sensor.py

@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
         {
             cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(ADE7880),
             cv.Optional(CONF_FREQUENCY, default="50Hz"): cv.All(
-                cv.frequency, cv.Range(min=45.0, max=66.0)
+                cv.frequency, cv.float_range(min=45.0, max=66.0)
             ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_IRQ0_PIN): pins.internal_gpio_input_pin_schema,
             cv.Required(CONF_IRQ1_PIN): pins.internal_gpio_input_pin_schema,

esphome/components/ade7953_base/__init__.py

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ from esphome.const import (
     UNIT_WATT,
 )
 
+CODEOWNERS = ["@angelnu"]
+
 CONF_CURRENT_A = "current_a"
 CONF_CURRENT_B = "current_b"
 CONF_ACTIVE_POWER_A = "active_power_a"

esphome/components/ade7953_base/ade7953_base.cpp

@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ void ADE7953::setup() {
     this->ade_write_8(PGA_V_8, pga_v_);
     this->ade_write_8(PGA_IA_8, pga_ia_);
     this->ade_write_8(PGA_IB_8, pga_ib_);
-    this->ade_write_32(AVGAIN_32, vgain_);
+    this->ade_write_32(AVGAIN_32, avgain_);
+    this->ade_write_32(BVGAIN_32, bvgain_);
     this->ade_write_32(AIGAIN_32, aigain_);
     this->ade_write_32(BIGAIN_32, bigain_);
     this->ade_write_32(AWGAIN_32, awgain_);
@@ -34,7 +35,8 @@ void ADE7953::setup() {
     this->ade_read_8(PGA_V_8, &pga_v_);
     this->ade_read_8(PGA_IA_8, &pga_ia_);
     this->ade_read_8(PGA_IB_8, &pga_ib_);
-    this->ade_read_32(AVGAIN_32, &vgain_);
+    this->ade_read_32(AVGAIN_32, &avgain_);
+    this->ade_read_32(BVGAIN_32, &bvgain_);
     this->ade_read_32(AIGAIN_32, &aigain_);
     this->ade_read_32(BIGAIN_32, &bigain_);
     this->ade_read_32(AWGAIN_32, &awgain_);
@@ -63,13 +65,14 @@ void ADE7953::dump_config() {
                 "  PGA_V_8: 0x%X\n"
                 "  PGA_IA_8: 0x%X\n"
                 "  PGA_IB_8: 0x%X\n"
-                "  VGAIN_32: 0x%08jX\n"
+                "  AVGAIN_32: 0x%08jX\n"
+                "  BVGAIN_32: 0x%08jX\n"
                 "  AIGAIN_32: 0x%08jX\n"
                 "  BIGAIN_32: 0x%08jX\n"
                 "  AWGAIN_32: 0x%08jX\n"
                 "  BWGAIN_32: 0x%08jX",
-                this->use_acc_energy_regs_, pga_v_, pga_ia_, pga_ib_, (uintmax_t) vgain_, (uintmax_t) aigain_,
-                (uintmax_t) bigain_, (uintmax_t) awgain_, (uintmax_t) bwgain_);
+                this->use_acc_energy_regs_, pga_v_, pga_ia_, pga_ib_, (uintmax_t) avgain_, (uintmax_t) bvgain_,
+                (uintmax_t) aigain_, (uintmax_t) bigain_, (uintmax_t) awgain_, (uintmax_t) bwgain_);
 }
 
 #define ADE_PUBLISH_(name, val, factor) \

esphome/components/ade7953_base/ade7953_base.h

@@ -46,7 +46,12 @@ class ADE7953 : public PollingComponent, public sensor::Sensor {
   void set_pga_ib(uint8_t pga_ib) { pga_ib_ = pga_ib; }
 
   // Set input gains
-  void set_vgain(uint32_t vgain) { vgain_ = vgain; }
+  void set_vgain(uint32_t vgain) {
+    // Datasheet says: "to avoid discrepancies in other registers,
+    // if AVGAIN is set then BVGAIN should be set to the same value."
+    avgain_ = vgain;
+    bvgain_ = vgain;
+  }
   void set_aigain(uint32_t aigain) { aigain_ = aigain; }
   void set_bigain(uint32_t bigain) { bigain_ = bigain; }
   void set_awgain(uint32_t awgain) { awgain_ = awgain; }
@@ -100,7 +105,8 @@ class ADE7953 : public PollingComponent, public sensor::Sensor {
   uint8_t pga_v_;
   uint8_t pga_ia_;
   uint8_t pga_ib_;
-  uint32_t vgain_;
+  uint32_t avgain_;
+  uint32_t bvgain_;
   uint32_t aigain_;
   uint32_t bigain_;
   uint32_t awgain_;

esphome/components/ads1115/sensor/ads1115_sensor.cpp

@@ -21,10 +21,12 @@ void ADS1115Sensor::update() {
 
 void ADS1115Sensor::dump_config() {
   LOG_SENSOR("  ", "ADS1115 Sensor", this);
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "    Multiplexer: %u", this->multiplexer_);
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "    Gain: %u", this->gain_);
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "    Resolution: %u", this->resolution_);
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "    Sample rate: %u", this->samplerate_);
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
+                "    Multiplexer: %u\n"
+                "    Gain: %u\n"
+                "    Resolution: %u\n"
+                "    Sample rate: %u",
+                this->multiplexer_, this->gain_, this->resolution_, this->samplerate_);
 }
 
 }  // namespace ads1115

esphome/components/ads1118/sensor/ads1118_sensor.cpp

@@ -9,8 +9,10 @@ static const char *const TAG = "ads1118.sensor";
 
 void ADS1118Sensor::dump_config() {
   LOG_SENSOR("  ", "ADS1118 Sensor", this);
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "    Multiplexer: %u", this->multiplexer_);
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "    Gain: %u", this->gain_);
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
+                "    Multiplexer: %u\n"
+                "    Gain: %u",
+                this->multiplexer_, this->gain_);
 }
 
 float ADS1118Sensor::sample() {

esphome/components/aht10/aht10.cpp

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ void AHT10Component::setup() {
 void AHT10Component::restart_read_() {
   if (this->read_count_ == AHT10_ATTEMPTS) {
     this->read_count_ = 0;
-    this->status_set_error("Reading timed out");
+    this->status_set_error(LOG_STR("Reading timed out"));
     return;
   }
   this->read_count_++;

esphome/components/airthings_ble/airthings_listener.cpp

@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ bool AirthingsListener::parse_device(const esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDevice &devic
       sn |= ((uint32_t) it.data[2] << 16);
       sn |= ((uint32_t) it.data[3] << 24);
 
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Found AirThings device Serial:%" PRIu32 " (MAC: %s)", sn, device.address_str().c_str());
+      char addr_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Found AirThings device Serial:%" PRIu32 " (MAC: %s)", sn, device.address_str_to(addr_buf));
       return true;
     }
   }

esphome/components/airthings_wave_base/airthings_wave_base.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "airthings_wave_base.h"
+#include "esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble_uuid.h"
 
 // All information related to reading battery information came from the sensors.airthings_wave
 // project by Sverre Hamre (https://github.com/sverrham/sensor.airthings_wave)
@@ -93,8 +94,10 @@ void AirthingsWaveBase::update() {
 bool AirthingsWaveBase::request_read_values_() {
   auto *chr = this->parent()->get_characteristic(this->service_uuid_, this->sensors_data_characteristic_uuid_);
   if (chr == nullptr) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "No sensor characteristic found at service %s char %s", this->service_uuid_.to_string().c_str(),
-             this->sensors_data_characteristic_uuid_.to_string().c_str());
+    char service_buf[esp32_ble::UUID_STR_LEN];
+    char char_buf[esp32_ble::UUID_STR_LEN];
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "No sensor characteristic found at service %s char %s", this->service_uuid_.to_str(service_buf),
+             this->sensors_data_characteristic_uuid_.to_str(char_buf));
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -117,17 +120,20 @@ bool AirthingsWaveBase::request_battery_() {
 
   auto *chr = this->parent()->get_characteristic(this->service_uuid_, this->access_control_point_characteristic_uuid_);
   if (chr == nullptr) {
+    char service_buf[esp32_ble::UUID_STR_LEN];
+    char char_buf[esp32_ble::UUID_STR_LEN];
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "No access control point characteristic found at service %s char %s",
-             this->service_uuid_.to_string().c_str(),
-             this->access_control_point_characteristic_uuid_.to_string().c_str());
+             this->service_uuid_.to_str(service_buf), this->access_control_point_characteristic_uuid_.to_str(char_buf));
     return false;
   }
 
   auto *descr = this->parent()->get_descriptor(this->service_uuid_, this->access_control_point_characteristic_uuid_,
                                                CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR_UUID);
   if (descr == nullptr) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "No CCC descriptor found at service %s char %s", this->service_uuid_.to_string().c_str(),
-             this->access_control_point_characteristic_uuid_.to_string().c_str());
+    char service_buf[esp32_ble::UUID_STR_LEN];
+    char char_buf[esp32_ble::UUID_STR_LEN];
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "No CCC descriptor found at service %s char %s", this->service_uuid_.to_str(service_buf),
+             this->access_control_point_characteristic_uuid_.to_str(char_buf));
     return false;
   }
 

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel.cpp

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
-#include <utility>
-
 #include "alarm_control_panel.h"
+#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
+#include "esphome/core/controller_registry.h"
+
+#include <utility>
 
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace alarm_control_panel {
+namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "alarm_control_panel";
 
@@ -33,23 +34,12 @@ void AlarmControlPanel::publish_state(AlarmControlPanelState state) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Set state to: %s, previous: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(alarm_control_panel_state_to_string(state)),
              LOG_STR_ARG(alarm_control_panel_state_to_string(prev_state)));
     this->current_state_ = state;
+    // Single state callback - triggers check get_state() for specific states
     this->state_callback_.call();
-    if (state == ACP_STATE_TRIGGERED) {
-      this->triggered_callback_.call();
-    } else if (state == ACP_STATE_ARMING) {
-      this->arming_callback_.call();
-    } else if (state == ACP_STATE_PENDING) {
-      this->pending_callback_.call();
-    } else if (state == ACP_STATE_ARMED_HOME) {
-      this->armed_home_callback_.call();
-    } else if (state == ACP_STATE_ARMED_NIGHT) {
-      this->armed_night_callback_.call();
-    } else if (state == ACP_STATE_ARMED_AWAY) {
-      this->armed_away_callback_.call();
-    } else if (state == ACP_STATE_DISARMED) {
-      this->disarmed_callback_.call();
-    }
-
+#if defined(USE_ALARM_CONTROL_PANEL) && defined(USE_CONTROLLER_REGISTRY)
+    ControllerRegistry::notify_alarm_control_panel_update(this);
+#endif
+    // Cleared fires when leaving TRIGGERED state
     if (prev_state == ACP_STATE_TRIGGERED) {
       this->cleared_callback_.call();
     }
@@ -64,34 +54,6 @@ void AlarmControlPanel::add_on_state_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback)
   this->state_callback_.add(std::move(callback));
 }
 
-void AlarmControlPanel::add_on_triggered_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback) {
-  this->triggered_callback_.add(std::move(callback));
-}
-
-void AlarmControlPanel::add_on_arming_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback) {
-  this->arming_callback_.add(std::move(callback));
-}
-
-void AlarmControlPanel::add_on_armed_home_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback) {
-  this->armed_home_callback_.add(std::move(callback));
-}
-
-void AlarmControlPanel::add_on_armed_night_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback) {
-  this->armed_night_callback_.add(std::move(callback));
-}
-
-void AlarmControlPanel::add_on_armed_away_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback) {
-  this->armed_away_callback_.add(std::move(callback));
-}
-
-void AlarmControlPanel::add_on_pending_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback) {
-  this->pending_callback_.add(std::move(callback));
-}
-
-void AlarmControlPanel::add_on_disarmed_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback) {
-  this->disarmed_callback_.add(std::move(callback));
-}
-
 void AlarmControlPanel::add_on_cleared_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback) {
   this->cleared_callback_.add(std::move(callback));
 }
@@ -152,5 +114,4 @@ void AlarmControlPanel::disarm(optional<std::string> code) {
   call.perform();
 }
 
-}  // namespace alarm_control_panel
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel.h

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <map>
-
 #include "alarm_control_panel_call.h"
 #include "alarm_control_panel_state.h"
 
@@ -9,8 +7,7 @@
 #include "esphome/core/entity_base.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace alarm_control_panel {
+namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel {
 
 enum AlarmControlPanelFeature : uint8_t {
   // Matches Home Assistant values
@@ -35,54 +32,13 @@ class AlarmControlPanel : public EntityBase {
    */
   void publish_state(AlarmControlPanelState state);
 
-  /** Add a callback for when the state of the alarm_control_panel changes
+  /** Add a callback for when the state of the alarm_control_panel changes.
+   * Triggers can check get_state() to determine the new state.
    *
    * @param callback The callback function
    */
   void add_on_state_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback);
 
-  /** Add a callback for when the state of the alarm_control_panel chanes to triggered
-   *
-   * @param callback The callback function
-   */
-  void add_on_triggered_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback);
-
-  /** Add a callback for when the state of the alarm_control_panel chanes to arming
-   *
-   * @param callback The callback function
-   */
-  void add_on_arming_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback);
-
-  /** Add a callback for when the state of the alarm_control_panel changes to pending
-   *
-   * @param callback The callback function
-   */
-  void add_on_pending_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback);
-
-  /** Add a callback for when the state of the alarm_control_panel changes to armed_home
-   *
-   * @param callback The callback function
-   */
-  void add_on_armed_home_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback);
-
-  /** Add a callback for when the state of the alarm_control_panel changes to armed_night
-   *
-   * @param callback The callback function
-   */
-  void add_on_armed_night_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback);
-
-  /** Add a callback for when the state of the alarm_control_panel changes to armed_away
-   *
-   * @param callback The callback function
-   */
-  void add_on_armed_away_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback);
-
-  /** Add a callback for when the state of the alarm_control_panel changes to disarmed
-   *
-   * @param callback The callback function
-   */
-  void add_on_disarmed_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback);
-
   /** Add a callback for when the state of the alarm_control_panel clears from triggered
    *
    * @param callback The callback function
@@ -172,29 +128,14 @@ class AlarmControlPanel : public EntityBase {
   uint32_t last_update_;
   // the call control function
   virtual void control(const AlarmControlPanelCall &call) = 0;
-  // state callback
-  CallbackManager<void()> state_callback_{};
-  // trigger callback
-  CallbackManager<void()> triggered_callback_{};
-  // arming callback
-  CallbackManager<void()> arming_callback_{};
-  // pending callback
-  CallbackManager<void()> pending_callback_{};
-  // armed_home callback
-  CallbackManager<void()> armed_home_callback_{};
-  // armed_night callback
-  CallbackManager<void()> armed_night_callback_{};
-  // armed_away callback
-  CallbackManager<void()> armed_away_callback_{};
-  // disarmed callback
-  CallbackManager<void()> disarmed_callback_{};
-  // clear callback
-  CallbackManager<void()> cleared_callback_{};
+  // state callback - triggers check get_state() for specific state
+  LazyCallbackManager<void()> state_callback_{};
+  // clear callback - fires when leaving TRIGGERED state
+  LazyCallbackManager<void()> cleared_callback_{};
   // chime callback
-  CallbackManager<void()> chime_callback_{};
+  LazyCallbackManager<void()> chime_callback_{};
   // ready callback
-  CallbackManager<void()> ready_callback_{};
+  LazyCallbackManager<void()> ready_callback_{};
 };
 
-}  // namespace alarm_control_panel
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel_call.cpp

@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace alarm_control_panel {
+namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "alarm_control_panel";
 
@@ -99,5 +98,4 @@ void AlarmControlPanelCall::perform() {
   }
 }
 
-}  // namespace alarm_control_panel
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel_call.h

@@ -6,8 +6,7 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace alarm_control_panel {
+namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel {
 
 class AlarmControlPanel;
 
@@ -36,5 +35,4 @@ class AlarmControlPanelCall {
   void validate_();
 };
 
-}  // namespace alarm_control_panel
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel_state.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include "alarm_control_panel_state.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace alarm_control_panel {
+namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel {
 
 const LogString *alarm_control_panel_state_to_string(AlarmControlPanelState state) {
   switch (state) {
@@ -30,5 +29,4 @@ const LogString *alarm_control_panel_state_to_string(AlarmControlPanelState stat
   }
 }
 
-}  // namespace alarm_control_panel
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel_state.h

@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@
 #include <cstdint>
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace alarm_control_panel {
+namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel {
 
 enum AlarmControlPanelState : uint8_t {
   ACP_STATE_DISARMED = 0,
@@ -25,5 +24,4 @@ enum AlarmControlPanelState : uint8_t {
  */
 const LogString *alarm_control_panel_state_to_string(AlarmControlPanelState state);
 
-}  // namespace alarm_control_panel
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/automation.h

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "alarm_control_panel.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace alarm_control_panel {
+namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel {
 
+/// Trigger on any state change
 class StateTrigger : public Trigger<> {
  public:
   explicit StateTrigger(AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel) {
@@ -13,55 +13,30 @@ class StateTrigger : public Trigger<> {
   }
 };
 
-class TriggeredTrigger : public Trigger<> {
+/// Template trigger that fires when entering a specific state
+template<AlarmControlPanelState State> class StateEnterTrigger : public Trigger<> {
  public:
-  explicit TriggeredTrigger(AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel) {
-    alarm_control_panel->add_on_triggered_callback([this]() { this->trigger(); });
+  explicit StateEnterTrigger(AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel) : alarm_control_panel_(alarm_control_panel) {
+    alarm_control_panel->add_on_state_callback([this]() {
+      if (this->alarm_control_panel_->get_state() == State)
+        this->trigger();
+    });
   }
+
+ protected:
+  AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel_;
 };
 
-class ArmingTrigger : public Trigger<> {
- public:
-  explicit ArmingTrigger(AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel) {
-    alarm_control_panel->add_on_arming_callback([this]() { this->trigger(); });
-  }
-};
-
-class PendingTrigger : public Trigger<> {
- public:
-  explicit PendingTrigger(AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel) {
-    alarm_control_panel->add_on_pending_callback([this]() { this->trigger(); });
-  }
-};
-
-class ArmedHomeTrigger : public Trigger<> {
- public:
-  explicit ArmedHomeTrigger(AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel) {
-    alarm_control_panel->add_on_armed_home_callback([this]() { this->trigger(); });
-  }
-};
-
-class ArmedNightTrigger : public Trigger<> {
- public:
-  explicit ArmedNightTrigger(AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel) {
-    alarm_control_panel->add_on_armed_night_callback([this]() { this->trigger(); });
-  }
-};
-
-class ArmedAwayTrigger : public Trigger<> {
- public:
-  explicit ArmedAwayTrigger(AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel) {
-    alarm_control_panel->add_on_armed_away_callback([this]() { this->trigger(); });
-  }
-};
-
-class DisarmedTrigger : public Trigger<> {
- public:
-  explicit DisarmedTrigger(AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel) {
-    alarm_control_panel->add_on_disarmed_callback([this]() { this->trigger(); });
-  }
-};
+// Type aliases for state-specific triggers
+using TriggeredTrigger = StateEnterTrigger<ACP_STATE_TRIGGERED>;
+using ArmingTrigger = StateEnterTrigger<ACP_STATE_ARMING>;
+using PendingTrigger = StateEnterTrigger<ACP_STATE_PENDING>;
+using ArmedHomeTrigger = StateEnterTrigger<ACP_STATE_ARMED_HOME>;
+using ArmedNightTrigger = StateEnterTrigger<ACP_STATE_ARMED_NIGHT>;
+using ArmedAwayTrigger = StateEnterTrigger<ACP_STATE_ARMED_AWAY>;
+using DisarmedTrigger = StateEnterTrigger<ACP_STATE_DISARMED>;
 
+/// Trigger when leaving TRIGGERED state (alarm cleared)
 class ClearedTrigger : public Trigger<> {
  public:
   explicit ClearedTrigger(AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel) {
@@ -69,6 +44,7 @@ class ClearedTrigger : public Trigger<> {
   }
 };
 
+/// Trigger on chime event (zone opened while disarmed)
 class ChimeTrigger : public Trigger<> {
  public:
   explicit ChimeTrigger(AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel) {
@@ -76,6 +52,7 @@ class ChimeTrigger : public Trigger<> {
   }
 };
 
+/// Trigger on ready state change
 class ReadyTrigger : public Trigger<> {
  public:
   explicit ReadyTrigger(AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel) {
@@ -187,5 +164,4 @@ template<typename... Ts> class AlarmControlPanelCondition : public Condition<Ts.
   AlarmControlPanel *parent_;
 };
 
-}  // namespace alarm_control_panel
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alpha3/alpha3.cpp

@@ -56,13 +56,13 @@ bool Alpha3::is_current_response_type_(const uint8_t *response_type) {
 
 void Alpha3::handle_geni_response_(const uint8_t *response, uint16_t length) {
   if (this->response_offset_ >= this->response_length_) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] GENI response begin", this->parent_->address_str().c_str());
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] GENI response begin", this->parent_->address_str());
     if (length < GENI_RESPONSE_HEADER_LENGTH) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] response to short", this->parent_->address_str().c_str());
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] response too short", this->parent_->address_str());
       return;
     }
     if (response[0] != 36 || response[2] != 248 || response[3] != 231 || response[4] != 10) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] response bytes %d %d %d %d %d don't match GENI HEADER", this->parent_->address_str().c_str(),
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] response bytes %d %d %d %d %d don't match GENI HEADER", this->parent_->address_str(),
                response[0], response[1], response[2], response[3], response[4]);
       return;
     }
@@ -77,11 +77,11 @@ void Alpha3::handle_geni_response_(const uint8_t *response, uint16_t length) {
   };
 
   if (this->is_current_response_type_(GENI_RESPONSE_TYPE_FLOW_HEAD)) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] FLOW HEAD Response", this->parent_->address_str().c_str());
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] FLOW HEAD Response", this->parent_->address_str());
     extract_publish_sensor_value(GENI_RESPONSE_FLOW_OFFSET, this->flow_sensor_, 3600.0F);
     extract_publish_sensor_value(GENI_RESPONSE_HEAD_OFFSET, this->head_sensor_, .0001F);
   } else if (this->is_current_response_type_(GENI_RESPONSE_TYPE_POWER)) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] POWER Response", this->parent_->address_str().c_str());
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%s] POWER Response", this->parent_->address_str());
     extract_publish_sensor_value(GENI_RESPONSE_POWER_OFFSET, this->power_sensor_, 1.0F);
     extract_publish_sensor_value(GENI_RESPONSE_CURRENT_OFFSET, this->current_sensor_, 1.0F);
     extract_publish_sensor_value(GENI_RESPONSE_MOTOR_SPEED_OFFSET, this->speed_sensor_, 1.0F);
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ void Alpha3::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gattc
       if (param->open.status == ESP_GATT_OK) {
         this->response_offset_ = 0;
         this->response_length_ = 0;
-        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%s] connection open", this->parent_->address_str().c_str());
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%s] connection open", this->parent_->address_str());
       }
       break;
     }
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ void Alpha3::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gattc
     case ESP_GATTC_SEARCH_CMPL_EVT: {
       auto *chr = this->parent_->get_characteristic(ALPHA3_GENI_SERVICE_UUID, ALPHA3_GENI_CHARACTERISTIC_UUID);
       if (chr == nullptr) {
-        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "[%s] No GENI service found at device, not an Alpha3..?", this->parent_->address_str().c_str());
+        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "[%s] No GENI service found at device, not an Alpha3..?", this->parent_->address_str());
         break;
       }
       auto status = esp_ble_gattc_register_for_notify(this->parent_->get_gattc_if(), this->parent_->get_remote_bda(),
@@ -164,12 +164,12 @@ void Alpha3::send_request_(uint8_t *request, size_t len) {
       esp_ble_gattc_write_char(this->parent_->get_gattc_if(), this->parent_->get_conn_id(), this->geni_handle_, len,
                                request, ESP_GATT_WRITE_TYPE_NO_RSP, ESP_GATT_AUTH_REQ_NONE);
   if (status)
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_write_char failed, status=%d", this->parent_->address_str().c_str(), status);
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_write_char failed, status=%d", this->parent_->address_str(), status);
 }
 
 void Alpha3::update() {
   if (this->node_state != espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Cannot poll, not connected", this->parent_->address_str().c_str());
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Cannot poll, not connected", this->parent_->address_str());
     return;
   }
 

esphome/components/alpha3/alpha3.h

@@ -15,10 +15,8 @@ namespace alpha3 {
 namespace espbt = esphome::esp32_ble_tracker;
 
 static const espbt::ESPBTUUID ALPHA3_GENI_SERVICE_UUID = espbt::ESPBTUUID::from_uint16(0xfe5d);
-static const espbt::ESPBTUUID ALPHA3_GENI_CHARACTERISTIC_UUID =
-    espbt::ESPBTUUID::from_raw({static_cast<char>(0xa9), 0x7b, static_cast<char>(0xb8), static_cast<char>(0x85), 0x0,
-                                0x1a, 0x28, static_cast<char>(0xaa), 0x2a, 0x43, 0x6e, 0x3, static_cast<char>(0xd1),
-                                static_cast<char>(0xff), static_cast<char>(0x9c), static_cast<char>(0x85)});
+static const espbt::ESPBTUUID ALPHA3_GENI_CHARACTERISTIC_UUID = espbt::ESPBTUUID::from_raw(
+    {0xa9, 0x7b, 0xb8, 0x85, 0x00, 0x1a, 0x28, 0xaa, 0x2a, 0x43, 0x6e, 0x03, 0xd1, 0xff, 0x9c, 0x85});
 static const int16_t GENI_RESPONSE_HEADER_LENGTH = 13;
 static const size_t GENI_RESPONSE_TYPE_LENGTH = 8;
 

esphome/components/am43/sensor/am43_sensor.cpp

@@ -44,11 +44,9 @@ void Am43::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gattc_i
       auto *chr = this->parent_->get_characteristic(AM43_SERVICE_UUID, AM43_CHARACTERISTIC_UUID);
       if (chr == nullptr) {
         if (this->parent_->get_characteristic(AM43_TUYA_SERVICE_UUID, AM43_TUYA_CHARACTERISTIC_UUID) != nullptr) {
-          ESP_LOGE(TAG, "[%s] Detected a Tuya AM43 which is not supported, sorry.",
-                   this->parent_->address_str().c_str());
+          ESP_LOGE(TAG, "[%s] Detected a Tuya AM43 which is not supported, sorry.", this->parent_->address_str());
         } else {
-          ESP_LOGE(TAG, "[%s] No control service found at device, not an AM43..?",
-                   this->parent_->address_str().c_str());
+          ESP_LOGE(TAG, "[%s] No control service found at device, not an AM43..?", this->parent_->address_str());
         }
         break;
       }
@@ -82,8 +80,7 @@ void Am43::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gattc_i
                                                  this->char_handle_, packet->length, packet->data,
                                                  ESP_GATT_WRITE_TYPE_NO_RSP, ESP_GATT_AUTH_REQ_NONE);
           if (status) {
-            ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_write_char failed, status=%d", this->parent_->address_str().c_str(),
-                     status);
+            ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_write_char failed, status=%d", this->parent_->address_str(), status);
           }
         }
         this->current_sensor_ = 0;
@@ -97,7 +94,7 @@ void Am43::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gattc_i
 
 void Am43::update() {
   if (this->node_state != espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Cannot poll, not connected", this->parent_->address_str().c_str());
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Cannot poll, not connected", this->parent_->address_str());
     return;
   }
   if (this->current_sensor_ == 0) {
@@ -107,7 +104,7 @@ void Am43::update() {
           esp_ble_gattc_write_char(this->parent_->get_gattc_if(), this->parent_->get_conn_id(), this->char_handle_,
                                    packet->length, packet->data, ESP_GATT_WRITE_TYPE_NO_RSP, ESP_GATT_AUTH_REQ_NONE);
       if (status) {
-        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_write_char failed, status=%d", this->parent_->address_str().c_str(), status);
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_write_char failed, status=%d", this->parent_->address_str(), status);
       }
     }
     this->current_sensor_++;

esphome/components/analog_threshold/analog_threshold_binary_sensor.cpp

@@ -12,10 +12,11 @@ void AnalogThresholdBinarySensor::setup() {
   // TRUE state is defined to be when sensor is >= threshold
   // so when undefined sensor value initialize to FALSE
   if (std::isnan(sensor_value)) {
+    this->raw_state_ = false;
     this->publish_initial_state(false);
   } else {
-    this->publish_initial_state(sensor_value >=
-                                (this->lower_threshold_.value() + this->upper_threshold_.value()) / 2.0f);
+    this->raw_state_ = sensor_value >= (this->lower_threshold_.value() + this->upper_threshold_.value()) / 2.0f;
+    this->publish_initial_state(this->raw_state_);
   }
 }
 
@@ -25,8 +26,10 @@ void AnalogThresholdBinarySensor::set_sensor(sensor::Sensor *analog_sensor) {
   this->sensor_->add_on_state_callback([this](float sensor_value) {
     // if there is an invalid sensor reading, ignore the change and keep the current state
     if (!std::isnan(sensor_value)) {
-      this->publish_state(sensor_value >=
-                          (this->state ? this->lower_threshold_.value() : this->upper_threshold_.value()));
+      // Use raw_state_ for hysteresis logic, not this->state which is post-filter
+      this->raw_state_ =
+          sensor_value >= (this->raw_state_ ? this->lower_threshold_.value() : this->upper_threshold_.value());
+      this->publish_state(this->raw_state_);
     }
   });
 }

esphome/components/analog_threshold/analog_threshold_binary_sensor.h

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ class AnalogThresholdBinarySensor : public Component, public binary_sensor::Bina
   sensor::Sensor *sensor_{nullptr};
   TemplatableValue<float> upper_threshold_{};
   TemplatableValue<float> lower_threshold_{};
+  bool raw_state_{false};  // Pre-filter state for hysteresis logic
 };
 
 }  // namespace analog_threshold

esphome/components/anova/anova.cpp

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ void Anova::control(const ClimateCall &call) {
         esp_ble_gattc_write_char(this->parent_->get_gattc_if(), this->parent_->get_conn_id(), this->char_handle_,
                                  pkt->length, pkt->data, ESP_GATT_WRITE_TYPE_NO_RSP, ESP_GATT_AUTH_REQ_NONE);
     if (status) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_write_char failed, status=%d", this->parent_->address_str().c_str(), status);
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_write_char failed, status=%d", this->parent_->address_str(), status);
     }
   }
   if (call.get_target_temperature().has_value()) {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ void Anova::control(const ClimateCall &call) {
         esp_ble_gattc_write_char(this->parent_->get_gattc_if(), this->parent_->get_conn_id(), this->char_handle_,
                                  pkt->length, pkt->data, ESP_GATT_WRITE_TYPE_NO_RSP, ESP_GATT_AUTH_REQ_NONE);
     if (status) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_write_char failed, status=%d", this->parent_->address_str().c_str(), status);
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_write_char failed, status=%d", this->parent_->address_str(), status);
     }
   }
 }
@@ -67,8 +67,10 @@ void Anova::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gattc_
     case ESP_GATTC_SEARCH_CMPL_EVT: {
       auto *chr = this->parent_->get_characteristic(ANOVA_SERVICE_UUID, ANOVA_CHARACTERISTIC_UUID);
       if (chr == nullptr) {
-        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] No control service found at device, not an Anova..?", this->get_name().c_str());
-        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] Note, this component does not currently support Anova Nano.", this->get_name().c_str());
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG,
+                 "[%s] No control service found at device, not an Anova..?\n"
+                 "[%s] Note, this component does not currently support Anova Nano.",
+                 this->get_name().c_str(), this->get_name().c_str());
         break;
       }
       this->char_handle_ = chr->handle;
@@ -124,8 +126,7 @@ void Anova::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gattc_
               esp_ble_gattc_write_char(this->parent_->get_gattc_if(), this->parent_->get_conn_id(), this->char_handle_,
                                        pkt->length, pkt->data, ESP_GATT_WRITE_TYPE_NO_RSP, ESP_GATT_AUTH_REQ_NONE);
           if (status) {
-            ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_write_char failed, status=%d", this->parent_->address_str().c_str(),
-                     status);
+            ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_write_char failed, status=%d", this->parent_->address_str(), status);
           }
         }
       }
@@ -150,7 +151,7 @@ void Anova::update() {
         esp_ble_gattc_write_char(this->parent_->get_gattc_if(), this->parent_->get_conn_id(), this->char_handle_,
                                  pkt->length, pkt->data, ESP_GATT_WRITE_TYPE_NO_RSP, ESP_GATT_AUTH_REQ_NONE);
     if (status) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_write_char failed, status=%d", this->parent_->address_str().c_str(), status);
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%s] esp_ble_gattc_write_char failed, status=%d", this->parent_->address_str(), status);
     }
     this->current_request_++;
   }

esphome/components/api/__init__.py

@@ -27,12 +27,13 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_SERVICE,
     CONF_SERVICES,
     CONF_TAG,
+    CONF_THEN,
     CONF_TRIGGER_ID,
     CONF_VARIABLES,
 )
-from esphome.core import CORE, ID, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority
-from esphome.cpp_generator import TemplateArgsType
-from esphome.types import ConfigType
+from esphome.core import CORE, ID, CoroPriority, EsphomeError, coroutine_with_priority
+from esphome.cpp_generator import MockObj, TemplateArgsType
+from esphome.types import ConfigFragmentType, ConfigType
 
 _LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -63,17 +64,21 @@ HomeAssistantActionResponseTrigger = api_ns.class_(
     "HomeAssistantActionResponseTrigger", automation.Trigger
 )
 APIConnectedCondition = api_ns.class_("APIConnectedCondition", Condition)
+APIRespondAction = api_ns.class_("APIRespondAction", automation.Action)
+APIUnregisterServiceCallAction = api_ns.class_(
+    "APIUnregisterServiceCallAction", automation.Action
+)
 
 UserServiceTrigger = api_ns.class_("UserServiceTrigger", automation.Trigger)
 ListEntitiesServicesArgument = api_ns.class_("ListEntitiesServicesArgument")
-SERVICE_ARG_NATIVE_TYPES = {
-    "bool": bool,
+SERVICE_ARG_NATIVE_TYPES: dict[str, MockObj] = {
+    "bool": cg.bool_,
     "int": cg.int32,
-    "float": float,
+    "float": cg.float_,
     "string": cg.std_string,
-    "bool[]": cg.FixedVector.template(bool).operator("const").operator("ref"),
+    "bool[]": cg.FixedVector.template(cg.bool_).operator("const").operator("ref"),
     "int[]": cg.FixedVector.template(cg.int32).operator("const").operator("ref"),
-    "float[]": cg.FixedVector.template(float).operator("const").operator("ref"),
+    "float[]": cg.FixedVector.template(cg.float_).operator("const").operator("ref"),
     "string[]": cg.FixedVector.template(cg.std_string)
     .operator("const")
     .operator("ref"),
@@ -85,6 +90,7 @@ CONF_HOMEASSISTANT_SERVICES = "homeassistant_services"
 CONF_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES = "homeassistant_states"
 CONF_LISTEN_BACKLOG = "listen_backlog"
 CONF_MAX_SEND_QUEUE = "max_send_queue"
+CONF_STATE_SUBSCRIPTION_ONLY = "state_subscription_only"
 
 
 def validate_encryption_key(value):
@@ -101,6 +107,85 @@ def validate_encryption_key(value):
     return value
 
 
+CONF_SUPPORTS_RESPONSE = "supports_response"
+
+# Enum values in api::enums namespace
+enums_ns = api_ns.namespace("enums")
+SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_OPTIONS = {
+    "none": enums_ns.SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_NONE,
+    "optional": enums_ns.SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_OPTIONAL,
+    "only": enums_ns.SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_ONLY,
+    "status": enums_ns.SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_STATUS,
+}
+
+
+def _auto_detect_supports_response(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
+    """Auto-detect supports_response based on api.respond usage in the action's then block.
+
+    - If api.respond with data found: set to "optional" (unless user explicitly set)
+    - If api.respond without data found: set to "status" (unless user explicitly set)
+    - If no api.respond found: set to "none" (unless user explicitly set)
+    """
+
+    def scan_actions(items: ConfigFragmentType) -> tuple[bool, bool]:
+        """Recursively scan actions for api.respond.
+
+        Returns: (found, has_data) tuple - has_data is True if ANY api.respond has data
+        """
+        found_any = False
+        has_data_any = False
+
+        if isinstance(items, list):
+            for item in items:
+                found, has_data = scan_actions(item)
+                if found:
+                    found_any = True
+                    has_data_any = has_data_any or has_data
+        elif isinstance(items, dict):
+            # Check if this is an api.respond action
+            if "api.respond" in items:
+                respond_config = items["api.respond"]
+                has_data = isinstance(respond_config, dict) and "data" in respond_config
+                return True, has_data
+            # Recursively check all values
+            for value in items.values():
+                found, has_data = scan_actions(value)
+                if found:
+                    found_any = True
+                    has_data_any = has_data_any or has_data
+
+        return found_any, has_data_any
+
+    then = config.get(CONF_THEN, [])
+    action_name = config.get(CONF_ACTION)
+    found, has_data = scan_actions(then)
+
+    # If user explicitly set supports_response, validate and use that
+    if CONF_SUPPORTS_RESPONSE in config:
+        user_value = config[CONF_SUPPORTS_RESPONSE]
+        # Validate: "only" requires api.respond with data
+        if user_value == "only" and not has_data:
+            raise cv.Invalid(
+                f"Action '{action_name}' has supports_response=only but no api.respond "
+                "action with 'data:' was found. Use 'status' for responses without data, "
+                "or add 'data:' to your api.respond action."
+            )
+        return config
+
+    # Auto-detect based on api.respond usage
+    if found:
+        config[CONF_SUPPORTS_RESPONSE] = "optional" if has_data else "status"
+    else:
+        config[CONF_SUPPORTS_RESPONSE] = "none"
+
+    return config
+
+
+def _validate_supports_response(value):
+    """Validate supports_response after auto-detection has set the value."""
+    return cv.enum(SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_OPTIONS, lower=True)(value)
+
+
 ACTIONS_SCHEMA = automation.validate_automation(
     {
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRIGGER_ID): cv.declare_id(UserServiceTrigger),
@@ -111,10 +196,20 @@ ACTIONS_SCHEMA = automation.validate_automation(
                 cv.validate_id_name: cv.one_of(*SERVICE_ARG_NATIVE_TYPES, lower=True),
             }
         ),
+        # No default - auto-detected by _auto_detect_supports_response
+        cv.Optional(CONF_SUPPORTS_RESPONSE): cv.enum(
+            SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_OPTIONS, lower=True
+        ),
     },
     cv.All(
         cv.has_exactly_one_key(CONF_SERVICE, CONF_ACTION),
         cv.rename_key(CONF_SERVICE, CONF_ACTION),
+        _auto_detect_supports_response,
+        # Re-validate supports_response after auto-detection sets it
+        cv.Schema(
+            {cv.Required(CONF_SUPPORTS_RESPONSE): _validate_supports_response},
+            extra=cv.ALLOW_EXTRA,
+        ),
     ),
 )
 
@@ -131,32 +226,6 @@ def _encryption_schema(config):
     return ENCRYPTION_SCHEMA(config)
 
 
-def _validate_api_config(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
-    """Validate API configuration with mutual exclusivity check and deprecation warning."""
-    # Check if both password and encryption are configured
-    has_password = CONF_PASSWORD in config and config[CONF_PASSWORD]
-    has_encryption = CONF_ENCRYPTION in config
-
-    if has_password and has_encryption:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            "The 'password' and 'encryption' options are mutually exclusive. "
-            "The API client only supports one authentication method at a time. "
-            "Please remove one of them. "
-            "Note: 'password' authentication is deprecated and will be removed in version 2026.1.0. "
-            "We strongly recommend using 'encryption' instead for better security."
-        )
-
-    # Warn about password deprecation
-    if has_password:
-        _LOGGER.warning(
-            "API 'password' authentication has been deprecated since May 2022 and will be removed in version 2026.1.0. "
-            "Please migrate to the 'encryption' configuration. "
-            "See https://esphome.io/components/api.html#configuration-variables"
-        )
-
-    return config
-
-
 def _consume_api_sockets(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
     """Register socket needs for API component."""
     from esphome.components import socket
@@ -173,7 +242,17 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
         {
             cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(APIServer),
             cv.Optional(CONF_PORT, default=6053): cv.port,
-            cv.Optional(CONF_PASSWORD, default=""): cv.string_strict,
+            # Removed in 2026.1.0 - kept to provide helpful error message
+            cv.Optional(CONF_PASSWORD): cv.invalid(
+                "The 'password' option has been removed in ESPHome 2026.1.0.\n"
+                "Password authentication was deprecated in May 2022.\n"
+                "Please migrate to encryption for secure API communication:\n\n"
+                "api:\n"
+                "  encryption:\n"
+                "    key: !secret api_encryption_key\n\n"
+                "Generate a key with: openssl rand -base64 32\n"
+                "Or visit https://esphome.io/components/api/#configuration-variables"
+            ),
             cv.Optional(
                 CONF_REBOOT_TIMEOUT, default="15min"
             ): cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds,
@@ -227,6 +306,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
                 esp32=8,  # More RAM, can buffer more
                 rp2040=5,  # Limited RAM
                 bk72xx=8,  # Moderate RAM
+                nrf52=8,  # Moderate RAM
                 rtl87xx=8,  # Moderate RAM
                 host=16,  # Abundant resources
                 ln882x=8,  # Moderate RAM
@@ -234,20 +314,19 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
         }
     ).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA),
     cv.rename_key(CONF_SERVICES, CONF_ACTIONS),
-    _validate_api_config,
     _consume_api_sockets,
 )
 
 
 @coroutine_with_priority(CoroPriority.WEB)
-async def to_code(config):
+async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await cg.register_component(var, config)
 
+    # Track controller registration for StaticVector sizing
+    CORE.register_controller()
+
     cg.add(var.set_port(config[CONF_PORT]))
-    if config[CONF_PASSWORD]:
-        cg.add_define("USE_API_PASSWORD")
-        cg.add(var.set_password(config[CONF_PASSWORD]))
     cg.add(var.set_reboot_timeout(config[CONF_REBOOT_TIMEOUT]))
     cg.add(var.set_batch_delay(config[CONF_BATCH_DELAY]))
     if CONF_LISTEN_BACKLOG in config:
@@ -256,9 +335,9 @@ async def to_code(config):
         cg.add(var.set_max_connections(config[CONF_MAX_CONNECTIONS]))
     cg.add_define("API_MAX_SEND_QUEUE", config[CONF_MAX_SEND_QUEUE])
 
-    # Set USE_API_SERVICES if any services are enabled
+    # Set USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS if any services are enabled
     if config.get(CONF_ACTIONS) or config[CONF_CUSTOM_SERVICES]:
-        cg.add_define("USE_API_SERVICES")
+        cg.add_define("USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS")
 
     # Set USE_API_CUSTOM_SERVICES if external components need dynamic service registration
     if config[CONF_CUSTOM_SERVICES]:
@@ -274,20 +353,61 @@ async def to_code(config):
         # Collect all triggers first, then register all at once with initializer_list
         triggers: list[cg.Pvariable] = []
         for conf in actions:
-            template_args = []
-            func_args = []
-            service_arg_names = []
+            func_args: list[tuple[MockObj, str]] = []
+            service_template_args: list[MockObj] = []  # User service argument types
+
+            # Determine supports_response mode
+            # cv.enum returns the key with enum_value attribute containing the MockObj
+            supports_response_key = conf[CONF_SUPPORTS_RESPONSE]
+            supports_response = supports_response_key.enum_value
+            is_none = supports_response_key == "none"
+            is_optional = supports_response_key == "optional"
+
+            # Add call_id and return_response based on supports_response mode
+            # These must match the C++ Trigger template arguments
+            # - none: no extra args
+            # - status: call_id only (for reporting success/error without data)
+            # - only: call_id only (response always expected with data)
+            # - optional: call_id + return_response (client decides)
+            if not is_none:
+                # call_id is present for "optional", "only", and "status"
+                func_args.append((cg.uint32, "call_id"))
+                # return_response only present for "optional"
+                if is_optional:
+                    func_args.append((cg.bool_, "return_response"))
+
+            service_arg_names: list[str] = []
             for name, var_ in conf[CONF_VARIABLES].items():
                 native = SERVICE_ARG_NATIVE_TYPES[var_]
-                template_args.append(native)
+                service_template_args.append(native)
                 func_args.append((native, name))
                 service_arg_names.append(name)
-            templ = cg.TemplateArguments(*template_args)
+            # Template args: supports_response mode, then user service arg types
+            templ = cg.TemplateArguments(supports_response, *service_template_args)
             trigger = cg.new_Pvariable(
-                conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID], templ, conf[CONF_ACTION], service_arg_names
+                conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID],
+                templ,
+                conf[CONF_ACTION],
+                service_arg_names,
             )
             triggers.append(trigger)
-            await automation.build_automation(trigger, func_args, conf)
+            auto = await automation.build_automation(trigger, func_args, conf)
+
+            # For non-none response modes, automatically append unregister action
+            # This ensures the call is unregistered after all actions complete (including async ones)
+            if not is_none:
+                arg_types = [arg[0] for arg in func_args]
+                action_templ = cg.TemplateArguments(*arg_types)
+                unregister_id = ID(
+                    f"{conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID]}__unregister",
+                    is_declaration=True,
+                    type=APIUnregisterServiceCallAction.template(action_templ),
+                )
+                unregister_action = cg.new_Pvariable(
+                    unregister_id,
+                    var,
+                )
+                cg.add(auto.add_actions([unregister_action]))
         # Register all services at once - single allocation, no reallocations
         cg.add(var.initialize_user_services(triggers))
 
@@ -533,9 +653,98 @@ async def homeassistant_tag_scanned_to_code(config, action_id, template_arg, arg
     return var
 
 
-@automation.register_condition("api.connected", APIConnectedCondition, {})
+CONF_SUCCESS = "success"
+CONF_ERROR_MESSAGE = "error_message"
+
+
+def _validate_api_respond_data(config):
+    """Set flag during validation so AUTO_LOAD can include json component."""
+    if CONF_DATA in config:
+        CORE.data.setdefault(DOMAIN, {})[CONF_CAPTURE_RESPONSE] = True
+    return config
+
+
+API_RESPOND_ACTION_SCHEMA = cv.All(
+    cv.Schema(
+        {
+            cv.GenerateID(): cv.use_id(APIServer),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_SUCCESS, default=True): cv.templatable(cv.boolean),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_ERROR_MESSAGE, default=""): cv.templatable(cv.string),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_DATA): cv.lambda_,
+        }
+    ),
+    _validate_api_respond_data,
+)
+
+
+@automation.register_action(
+    "api.respond",
+    APIRespondAction,
+    API_RESPOND_ACTION_SCHEMA,
+)
+async def api_respond_to_code(
+    config: ConfigType,
+    action_id: ID,
+    template_arg: cg.TemplateArguments,
+    args: TemplateArgsType,
+) -> MockObj:
+    # Validate that api.respond is used inside an API action context.
+    # We can't easily validate this at config time since the schema validation
+    # doesn't have access to the parent action context. Validating here in to_code
+    # is still much better than a cryptic C++ compile error.
+    has_call_id = any(name == "call_id" for _, name in args)
+    if not has_call_id:
+        raise EsphomeError(
+            "api.respond can only be used inside an API action's 'then:' block. "
+            "The 'call_id' variable is required to send a response."
+        )
+
+    cg.add_define("USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES")
+    serv = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_ID])
+    var = cg.new_Pvariable(action_id, template_arg, serv)
+
+    # Check if we're in optional mode (has return_response arg)
+    is_optional = any(name == "return_response" for _, name in args)
+    if is_optional:
+        cg.add(var.set_is_optional_mode(True))
+
+    templ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_SUCCESS], args, cg.bool_)
+    cg.add(var.set_success(templ))
+
+    templ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_ERROR_MESSAGE], args, cg.std_string)
+    cg.add(var.set_error_message(templ))
+
+    if CONF_DATA in config:
+        cg.add_define("USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON")
+        # Lambda populates the JsonObject root - no return value needed
+        lambda_ = await cg.process_lambda(
+            config[CONF_DATA],
+            args + [(cg.JsonObject, "root")],
+            return_type=cg.void,
+        )
+        cg.add(var.set_data(lambda_))
+
+    return var
+
+
+API_CONNECTED_CONDITION_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
+    {
+        cv.GenerateID(): cv.use_id(APIServer),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_STATE_SUBSCRIPTION_ONLY, default=False): cv.templatable(
+            cv.boolean
+        ),
+    }
+)
+
+
+@automation.register_condition(
+    "api.connected", APIConnectedCondition, API_CONNECTED_CONDITION_SCHEMA
+)
 async def api_connected_to_code(config, condition_id, template_arg, args):
-    return cg.new_Pvariable(condition_id, template_arg)
+    var = cg.new_Pvariable(condition_id, template_arg)
+    templ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_STATE_SUBSCRIPTION_ONLY], args, cg.bool_)
+    cg.add(var.set_state_subscription_only(templ))
+    return var
 
 
 def FILTER_SOURCE_FILES() -> list[str]:

esphome/components/api/api.proto

@@ -7,10 +7,7 @@ service APIConnection {
     option (needs_setup_connection) = false;
     option (needs_authentication) = false;
   }
-  rpc authenticate (AuthenticationRequest) returns (AuthenticationResponse) {
-    option (needs_setup_connection) = false;
-    option (needs_authentication) = false;
-  }
+  // REMOVED in ESPHome 2026.1.0: rpc authenticate (AuthenticationRequest) returns (AuthenticationResponse)
   rpc disconnect (DisconnectRequest) returns (DisconnectResponse) {
     option (needs_setup_connection) = false;
     option (needs_authentication) = false;
@@ -69,6 +66,8 @@ service APIConnection {
 
   rpc zwave_proxy_frame(ZWaveProxyFrame) returns (void) {}
   rpc zwave_proxy_request(ZWaveProxyRequest) returns (void) {}
+
+  rpc infrared_rf_transmit_raw_timings(InfraredRFTransmitRawTimingsRequest) returns (void) {}
 }
 
 
@@ -82,14 +81,13 @@ service APIConnection {
 //  * VarInt denoting the type of message.
 //  * The message object encoded as a ProtoBuf message
 
-// The connection is established in 4 steps:
+// The connection is established in 2 steps:
 //  * First, the client connects to the server and sends a "Hello Request" identifying itself
-//  * The server responds with a "Hello Response" and selects the protocol version
-//  * After receiving this message, the client attempts to authenticate itself using
-//    the password and a "Connect Request"
-//  * The server responds with a "Connect Response" and notifies of invalid password.
+//  * The server responds with a "Hello Response" and the connection is authenticated
 // If anything in this initial process fails, the connection must immediately closed
 // by both sides and _no_ disconnection message is to be sent.
+// Note: Password authentication via AuthenticationRequest/AuthenticationResponse (message IDs 3, 4)
+// was removed in ESPHome 2026.1.0. Those message IDs are reserved and should not be reused.
 
 // Message sent at the beginning of each connection
 // Can only be sent by the client and only at the beginning of the connection
@@ -102,7 +100,7 @@ message HelloRequest {
   // For example "Home Assistant"
   // Not strictly necessary to send but nice for debugging
   // purposes.
-  string client_info = 1 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  string client_info = 1;
   uint32 api_version_major = 2;
   uint32 api_version_minor = 3;
 }
@@ -130,25 +128,23 @@ message HelloResponse {
   string name = 4;
 }
 
-// Message sent at the beginning of each connection to authenticate the client
-// Can only be sent by the client and only at the beginning of the connection
+// DEPRECATED in ESPHome 2026.1.0 - Password authentication is no longer supported.
+// These messages are kept for protocol documentation but are not processed by the server.
+// Use noise encryption instead: https://esphome.io/components/api/#configuration-variables
 message AuthenticationRequest {
   option (id) = 3;
   option (source) = SOURCE_CLIENT;
   option (no_delay) = true;
-  option (ifdef) = "USE_API_PASSWORD";
+  option deprecated = true;
 
-  // The password to log in with
-  string password = 1 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  string password = 1;
 }
 
-// Confirmation of successful connection. After this the connection is available for all traffic.
-// Can only be sent by the server and only at the beginning of the connection
 message AuthenticationResponse {
   option (id) = 4;
   option (source) = SOURCE_SERVER;
   option (no_delay) = true;
-  option (ifdef) = "USE_API_PASSWORD";
+  option deprecated = true;
 
   bool invalid_password = 1;
 }
@@ -205,7 +201,9 @@ message DeviceInfoResponse {
   option (id) = 10;
   option (source) = SOURCE_SERVER;
 
-  bool uses_password = 1 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_API_PASSWORD"];
+  // Deprecated in ESPHome 2026.1.0, but kept for backward compatibility
+  // with older ESPHome versions that still send this field.
+  bool uses_password = 1 [deprecated = true];
 
   // The name of the node, given by "App.set_name()"
   string name = 2;
@@ -518,7 +516,7 @@ message ListEntitiesLightResponse {
   bool legacy_supports_color_temperature = 8 [deprecated=true];
   float min_mireds = 9;
   float max_mireds = 10;
-  repeated string effects = 11;
+  repeated string effects = 11 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "FixedVector<const char *>"];
   bool disabled_by_default = 13;
   string icon = 14 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_ENTITY_ICON"];
   EntityCategory entity_category = 15;
@@ -589,6 +587,7 @@ enum SensorStateClass {
   STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT = 1;
   STATE_CLASS_TOTAL_INCREASING = 2;
   STATE_CLASS_TOTAL = 3;
+  STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT_ANGLE = 4;
 }
 
 // Deprecated in API version 1.5
@@ -766,7 +765,7 @@ message SubscribeHomeassistantServicesRequest {
 
 message HomeassistantServiceMap {
   string key = 1;
-  string value = 2 [(no_zero_copy) = true];
+  string value = 2;
 }
 
 message HomeassistantActionRequest {
@@ -782,7 +781,7 @@ message HomeassistantActionRequest {
   bool is_event = 5;
   uint32 call_id = 6 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES"];
   bool wants_response = 7 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON"];
-  string response_template = 8 [(no_zero_copy) = true, (field_ifdef) = "USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON"];
+  string response_template = 8 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON"];
 }
 
 // Message sent by Home Assistant to ESPHome with service call response data
@@ -795,7 +794,7 @@ message HomeassistantActionResponse {
   uint32 call_id = 1; // Matches the call_id from HomeassistantActionRequest
   bool success = 2; // Whether the service call succeeded
   string error_message = 3; // Error message if success = false
-  bytes response_data = 4 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true, (field_ifdef) = "USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON"];
+  bytes response_data = 4 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON"];
 }
 
 // ==================== IMPORT HOME ASSISTANT STATES ====================
@@ -840,7 +839,7 @@ message GetTimeResponse {
   option (no_delay) = true;
 
   fixed32 epoch_seconds = 1;
-  string timezone = 2 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  string timezone = 2;
 }
 
 // ==================== USER-DEFINES SERVICES ====================
@@ -854,22 +853,31 @@ enum ServiceArgType {
   SERVICE_ARG_TYPE_FLOAT_ARRAY = 6;
   SERVICE_ARG_TYPE_STRING_ARRAY = 7;
 }
+enum SupportsResponseType {
+  SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_NONE = 0;
+  SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_OPTIONAL = 1;
+  SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_ONLY = 2;
+  // Status-only response - reports success/error without data payload
+  // Value is higher to avoid conflicts with future Home Assistant values
+  SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_STATUS = 100;
+}
 message ListEntitiesServicesArgument {
-  option (ifdef) = "USE_API_SERVICES";
+  option (ifdef) = "USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS";
   string name = 1;
   ServiceArgType type = 2;
 }
 message ListEntitiesServicesResponse {
   option (id) = 41;
   option (source) = SOURCE_SERVER;
-  option (ifdef) = "USE_API_SERVICES";
+  option (ifdef) = "USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS";
 
   string name = 1;
   fixed32 key = 2;
   repeated ListEntitiesServicesArgument args = 3 [(fixed_vector) = true];
+  SupportsResponseType supports_response = 4;
 }
 message ExecuteServiceArgument {
-  option (ifdef) = "USE_API_SERVICES";
+  option (ifdef) = "USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS";
   bool bool_ = 1;
   int32 legacy_int = 2;
   float float_ = 3;
@@ -885,10 +893,25 @@ message ExecuteServiceRequest {
   option (id) = 42;
   option (source) = SOURCE_CLIENT;
   option (no_delay) = true;
-  option (ifdef) = "USE_API_SERVICES";
+  option (ifdef) = "USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS";
 
   fixed32 key = 1;
   repeated ExecuteServiceArgument args = 2 [(fixed_vector) = true];
+  uint32 call_id = 3 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES"];
+  bool return_response = 4 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES"];
+}
+
+// Message sent by ESPHome to Home Assistant with service execution response data
+message ExecuteServiceResponse {
+  option (id) = 131;
+  option (source) = SOURCE_SERVER;
+  option (no_delay) = true;
+  option (ifdef) = "USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES";
+
+  uint32 call_id = 1; // Matches the call_id from ExecuteServiceRequest
+  bool success = 2; // Whether the service execution succeeded
+  string error_message = 3; // Error message if success = false
+  bytes response_data = 4 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true, (field_ifdef) = "USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON"];
 }
 
 // ==================== CAMERA ====================
@@ -1076,6 +1099,85 @@ message ClimateCommandRequest {
   uint32 device_id = 24 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
 }
 
+// ==================== WATER_HEATER ====================
+enum WaterHeaterMode {
+  WATER_HEATER_MODE_OFF = 0;
+  WATER_HEATER_MODE_ECO = 1;
+  WATER_HEATER_MODE_ELECTRIC = 2;
+  WATER_HEATER_MODE_PERFORMANCE = 3;
+  WATER_HEATER_MODE_HIGH_DEMAND = 4;
+  WATER_HEATER_MODE_HEAT_PUMP = 5;
+  WATER_HEATER_MODE_GAS = 6;
+}
+
+message ListEntitiesWaterHeaterResponse {
+  option (id) = 132;
+  option (base_class) = "InfoResponseProtoMessage";
+  option (source) = SOURCE_SERVER;
+  option (ifdef) = "USE_WATER_HEATER";
+
+  string object_id = 1;
+  fixed32 key = 2;
+  string name = 3;
+  string icon = 4 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_ENTITY_ICON"];
+  bool disabled_by_default = 5;
+  EntityCategory entity_category = 6;
+  uint32 device_id = 7 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
+  float min_temperature = 8;
+  float max_temperature = 9;
+  float target_temperature_step = 10;
+  repeated WaterHeaterMode supported_modes = 11 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "water_heater::WaterHeaterModeMask"];
+  // Bitmask of WaterHeaterFeature flags
+  uint32 supported_features = 12;
+}
+
+message WaterHeaterStateResponse {
+  option (id) = 133;
+  option (base_class) = "StateResponseProtoMessage";
+  option (source) = SOURCE_SERVER;
+  option (ifdef) = "USE_WATER_HEATER";
+  option (no_delay) = true;
+
+  fixed32 key = 1;
+  float current_temperature = 2;
+  float target_temperature = 3;
+  WaterHeaterMode mode = 4;
+  uint32 device_id = 5 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
+  // Bitmask of current state flags (bit 0 = away, bit 1 = on)
+  uint32 state = 6;
+  float target_temperature_low = 7;
+  float target_temperature_high = 8;
+}
+
+// Bitmask for WaterHeaterCommandRequest.has_fields
+enum WaterHeaterCommandHasField {
+  WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_NONE = 0;
+  WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_MODE = 1;
+  WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_TARGET_TEMPERATURE = 2;
+  WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_STATE = 4;
+  WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_TARGET_TEMPERATURE_LOW = 8;
+  WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_TARGET_TEMPERATURE_HIGH = 16;
+}
+
+message WaterHeaterCommandRequest {
+  option (id) = 134;
+  option (source) = SOURCE_CLIENT;
+  option (ifdef) = "USE_WATER_HEATER";
+  option (no_delay) = true;
+  option (base_class) = "CommandProtoMessage";
+
+  fixed32 key = 1;
+  // Bitmask of which fields are set (see WaterHeaterCommandHasField)
+  uint32 has_fields = 2;
+  WaterHeaterMode mode = 3;
+  float target_temperature = 4;
+  uint32 device_id = 5 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
+  // State flags bitmask (bit 0 = away, bit 1 = on)
+  uint32 state = 6;
+  float target_temperature_low = 7;
+  float target_temperature_high = 8;
+}
+
 // ==================== NUMBER ====================
 enum NumberMode {
   NUMBER_MODE_AUTO = 0;
@@ -1188,7 +1290,7 @@ message ListEntitiesSirenResponse {
 
   string icon = 5 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_ENTITY_ICON"];
   bool disabled_by_default = 6;
-  repeated string tones = 7;
+  repeated string tones = 7 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "FixedVector<const char *>"];
   bool supports_duration = 8;
   bool supports_volume = 9;
   EntityCategory entity_category = 10;
@@ -1588,7 +1690,7 @@ message BluetoothGATTWriteRequest {
   uint32 handle = 2;
   bool response = 3;
 
-  bytes data = 4 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  bytes data = 4;
 }
 
 message BluetoothGATTReadDescriptorRequest {
@@ -1608,7 +1710,7 @@ message BluetoothGATTWriteDescriptorRequest {
   uint64 address = 1;
   uint32 handle = 2;
 
-  bytes data = 3 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  bytes data = 3;
 }
 
 message BluetoothGATTNotifyRequest {
@@ -1833,7 +1935,7 @@ message VoiceAssistantAudio {
   option (source) = SOURCE_BOTH;
   option (ifdef) = "USE_VOICE_ASSISTANT";
 
-  bytes data = 1;
+  bytes data = 1 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
   bool end = 2;
 }
 
@@ -2321,7 +2423,7 @@ message ZWaveProxyFrame {
   option (ifdef) = "USE_ZWAVE_PROXY";
   option (no_delay) = true;
 
-  bytes data = 1 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  bytes data = 1;
 }
 
 enum ZWaveProxyRequestType {
@@ -2335,5 +2437,51 @@ message ZWaveProxyRequest {
   option (ifdef) = "USE_ZWAVE_PROXY";
 
   ZWaveProxyRequestType type = 1;
-  bytes data = 2 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  bytes data = 2;
+}
+
+// ==================== INFRARED ====================
+// Note: Feature and capability flag enums are defined in
+// esphome/components/infrared/infrared.h
+
+// Listing of infrared instances
+message ListEntitiesInfraredResponse {
+  option (id) = 135;
+  option (base_class) = "InfoResponseProtoMessage";
+  option (source) = SOURCE_SERVER;
+  option (ifdef) = "USE_INFRARED";
+
+  string object_id = 1;
+  fixed32 key = 2;
+  string name = 3;
+  string icon = 4 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_ENTITY_ICON"];
+  bool disabled_by_default = 5;
+  EntityCategory entity_category = 6;
+  uint32 device_id = 7 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
+  uint32 capabilities = 8;  // Bitfield of InfraredCapabilityFlags
+}
+
+// Command to transmit infrared/RF data using raw timings
+message InfraredRFTransmitRawTimingsRequest {
+  option (id) = 136;
+  option (source) = SOURCE_CLIENT;
+  option (ifdef) = "USE_IR_RF";
+
+  uint32 device_id = 1 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
+  fixed32 key = 2;                                       // Key identifying the transmitter instance
+  uint32 carrier_frequency = 3;                          // Carrier frequency in Hz
+  uint32 repeat_count = 4;                               // Number of times to transmit (1 = once, 2 = twice, etc.)
+  repeated sint32 timings = 5 [packed = true, (packed_buffer) = true];  // Raw timings in microseconds (zigzag-encoded): positive = mark (LED/TX on), negative = space (LED/TX off)
+}
+
+// Event message for received infrared/RF data
+message InfraredRFReceiveEvent {
+  option (id) = 137;
+  option (source) = SOURCE_SERVER;
+  option (ifdef) = "USE_IR_RF";
+  option (no_delay) = true;
+
+  uint32 device_id = 1 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
+  fixed32 key = 2;                                    // Key identifying the receiver instance
+  repeated sint32 timings = 3 [packed = true, (container_pointer_no_template) = "std::vector<int32_t>"];  // Raw timings in microseconds (zigzag-encoded): alternating mark/space periods
 }

esphome/components/api/api_connection.h

@@ -9,32 +9,23 @@
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/entity_base.h"
+#include "esphome/core/string_ref.h"
 
 #include <functional>
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace esphome::api {
 
-// Client information structure
-struct ClientInfo {
-  std::string name;      // Client name from Hello message
-  std::string peername;  // IP:port from socket
-};
-
 // Keepalive timeout in milliseconds
 static constexpr uint32_t KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_MS = 60000;
 // Maximum number of entities to process in a single batch during initial state/info sending
-// This was increased from 20 to 24 after removing the unique_id field from entity info messages,
-// which reduced message sizes allowing more entities per batch without exceeding packet limits
-static constexpr size_t MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH = 24;
-// Maximum number of packets to process in a single batch (platform-dependent)
-// This limit exists to prevent stack overflow from the PacketInfo array in process_batch_
-// Each PacketInfo is 8 bytes, so 64 * 8 = 512 bytes, 32 * 8 = 256 bytes
-#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_HOST)
-static constexpr size_t MAX_PACKETS_PER_BATCH = 64;  // ESP32 has 8KB+ stack, HOST has plenty
-#else
-static constexpr size_t MAX_PACKETS_PER_BATCH = 32;  // ESP8266/RP2040/etc have smaller stacks
-#endif
+// API 1.14+ clients compute object_id client-side, so messages are smaller and we can fit more per batch
+// TODO: Remove MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH_LEGACY before 2026.7.0 - all clients should support API 1.14 by then
+static constexpr size_t MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH_LEGACY = 24;  // For clients < API 1.14 (includes object_id)
+static constexpr size_t MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH = 34;         // For clients >= API 1.14 (no object_id)
+// Verify MAX_MESSAGES_PER_BATCH (defined in api_frame_helper.h) can hold the initial batch
+static_assert(MAX_MESSAGES_PER_BATCH >= MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH,
+              "MAX_MESSAGES_PER_BATCH must be >= MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH");
 
 class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
  public:
@@ -176,8 +167,18 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
   void alarm_control_panel_command(const AlarmControlPanelCommandRequest &msg) override;
 #endif
 
+#ifdef USE_WATER_HEATER
+  bool send_water_heater_state(water_heater::WaterHeater *water_heater);
+  void on_water_heater_command_request(const WaterHeaterCommandRequest &msg) override;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef USE_IR_RF
+  void infrared_rf_transmit_raw_timings(const InfraredRFTransmitRawTimingsRequest &msg) override;
+  void send_infrared_rf_receive_event(const InfraredRFReceiveEvent &msg);
+#endif
+
 #ifdef USE_EVENT
-  void send_event(event::Event *event, const std::string &event_type);
+  void send_event(event::Event *event, StringRef event_type);
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_UPDATE
@@ -197,16 +198,17 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
   void on_get_time_response(const GetTimeResponse &value) override;
 #endif
   bool send_hello_response(const HelloRequest &msg) override;
-#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-  bool send_authenticate_response(const AuthenticationRequest &msg) override;
-#endif
   bool send_disconnect_response(const DisconnectRequest &msg) override;
   bool send_ping_response(const PingRequest &msg) override;
   bool send_device_info_response(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) override;
-  void list_entities(const ListEntitiesRequest &msg) override { this->list_entities_iterator_.begin(); }
+  void list_entities(const ListEntitiesRequest &msg) override { this->begin_iterator_(ActiveIterator::LIST_ENTITIES); }
   void subscribe_states(const SubscribeStatesRequest &msg) override {
     this->flags_.state_subscription = true;
-    this->initial_state_iterator_.begin();
+    // Start initial state iterator only if no iterator is active
+    // If list_entities is running, we'll start initial_state when it completes
+    if (this->active_iterator_ == ActiveIterator::NONE) {
+      this->begin_iterator_(ActiveIterator::INITIAL_STATE);
+    }
   }
   void subscribe_logs(const SubscribeLogsRequest &msg) override {
     this->flags_.log_subscription = msg.level;
@@ -221,8 +223,15 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
   void subscribe_home_assistant_states(const SubscribeHomeAssistantStatesRequest &msg) override;
 #endif
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
   void execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &msg) override;
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
+  void send_execute_service_response(uint32_t call_id, bool success, StringRef error_message);
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
+  void send_execute_service_response(uint32_t call_id, bool success, StringRef error_message,
+                                     const uint8_t *response_data, size_t response_data_len);
+#endif  // USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
+#endif  // USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
   bool send_noise_encryption_set_key_response(const NoiseEncryptionSetKeyRequest &msg) override;
@@ -244,9 +253,6 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
   }
 
   void on_fatal_error() override;
-#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-  void on_unauthenticated_access() override;
-#endif
   void on_no_setup_connection() override;
   ProtoWriteBuffer create_buffer(uint32_t reserve_size) override {
     // FIXME: ensure no recursive writes can happen
@@ -273,13 +279,18 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
   bool try_to_clear_buffer(bool log_out_of_space);
   bool send_buffer(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, uint8_t message_type) override;
 
-  const std::string &get_name() const { return this->client_info_.name; }
-  const std::string &get_peername() const { return this->client_info_.peername; }
+  const char *get_name() const { return this->helper_->get_client_name(); }
+  /// Get peer name (IP address) - cached at connection init time
+  const char *get_peername() const { return this->helper_->get_client_peername(); }
 
  protected:
   // Helper function to handle authentication completion
   void complete_authentication_();
 
+#ifdef USE_CAMERA
+  void try_send_camera_image_();
+#endif
+
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
   void process_state_subscriptions_();
 #endif
@@ -303,25 +314,24 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
                                               APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size, bool is_single) {
     // Set common fields that are shared by all entity types
     msg.key = entity->get_object_id_hash();
-    // Try to use static reference first to avoid allocation
-    StringRef static_ref = entity->get_object_id_ref_for_api_();
-    // Store dynamic string outside the if-else to maintain lifetime
-    std::string object_id;
-    if (!static_ref.empty()) {
-      msg.set_object_id(static_ref);
-    } else {
-      // Dynamic case - need to allocate
-      object_id = entity->get_object_id();
-      msg.set_object_id(StringRef(object_id));
+
+    // API 1.14+ clients compute object_id client-side from the entity name
+    // For older clients, we must send object_id for backward compatibility
+    // See: https://github.com/esphome/backlog/issues/76
+    // TODO: Remove this backward compat code before 2026.7.0 - all clients should support API 1.14 by then
+    // Buffer must remain in scope until encode_message_to_buffer is called
+    char object_id_buf[OBJECT_ID_MAX_LEN];
+    if (!conn->client_supports_api_version(1, 14)) {
+      msg.object_id = entity->get_object_id_to(object_id_buf);
     }
 
     if (entity->has_own_name()) {
-      msg.set_name(entity->get_name());
+      msg.name = entity->get_name();
     }
 
     // Set common EntityBase properties
 #ifdef USE_ENTITY_ICON
-    msg.set_icon(entity->get_icon_ref());
+    msg.icon = entity->get_icon_ref();
 #endif
     msg.disabled_by_default = entity->is_disabled_by_default();
     msg.entity_category = static_cast<enums::EntityCategory>(entity->get_entity_category());
@@ -336,16 +346,24 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
   inline bool check_voice_assistant_api_connection_() const;
 #endif
 
+  // Get the max batch size based on client API version
+  // API 1.14+ clients don't receive object_id, so messages are smaller and more fit per batch
+  // TODO: Remove this method before 2026.7.0 and use MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH directly
+  size_t get_max_batch_size_() const {
+    return this->client_supports_api_version(1, 14) ? MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH : MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH_LEGACY;
+  }
+
   // Helper method to process multiple entities from an iterator in a batch
   template<typename Iterator> void process_iterator_batch_(Iterator &iterator) {
     size_t initial_size = this->deferred_batch_.size();
-    while (!iterator.completed() && (this->deferred_batch_.size() - initial_size) < MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH) {
+    size_t max_batch = this->get_max_batch_size_();
+    while (!iterator.completed() && (this->deferred_batch_.size() - initial_size) < max_batch) {
       iterator.advance();
     }
 
     // If the batch is full, process it immediately
     // Note: iterator.advance() already calls schedule_batch_() via schedule_message_()
-    if (this->deferred_batch_.size() >= MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH) {
+    if (this->deferred_batch_.size() >= max_batch) {
       this->process_batch_();
     }
   }
@@ -449,8 +467,18 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
   static uint16_t try_send_alarm_control_panel_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                                     bool is_single);
 #endif
+#ifdef USE_WATER_HEATER
+  static uint16_t try_send_water_heater_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
+                                              bool is_single);
+  static uint16_t try_send_water_heater_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
+                                             bool is_single);
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_INFRARED
+  static uint16_t try_send_infrared_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
+                                         bool is_single);
+#endif
 #ifdef USE_EVENT
-  static uint16_t try_send_event_response(event::Event *event, const std::string &event_type, APIConnection *conn,
+  static uint16_t try_send_event_response(event::Event *event, StringRef event_type, APIConnection *conn,
                                           uint32_t remaining_size, bool is_single);
   static uint16_t try_send_event_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size, bool is_single);
 #endif
@@ -483,18 +511,27 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
   std::unique_ptr<APIFrameHelper> helper_;
   APIServer *parent_;
 
-  // Group 2: Larger objects (must be 4-byte aligned)
-  // These contain vectors/pointers internally, so putting them early ensures good alignment
-  InitialStateIterator initial_state_iterator_;
-  ListEntitiesIterator list_entities_iterator_;
+  // Group 2: Iterator union (saves ~16 bytes vs separate iterators)
+  // These iterators are never active simultaneously - list_entities runs to completion
+  // before initial_state begins, so we use a union with explicit construction/destruction.
+  enum class ActiveIterator : uint8_t { NONE, LIST_ENTITIES, INITIAL_STATE };
+
+  union IteratorUnion {
+    ListEntitiesIterator list_entities;
+    InitialStateIterator initial_state;
+    // Constructor/destructor do nothing - use placement new/explicit destructor
+    IteratorUnion() {}
+    ~IteratorUnion() {}
+  } iterator_storage_;
+
+  // Helper methods for iterator lifecycle management
+  void destroy_active_iterator_();
+  void begin_iterator_(ActiveIterator type);
 #ifdef USE_CAMERA
   std::unique_ptr<camera::CameraImageReader> image_reader_;
 #endif
 
-  // Group 3: Client info struct (24 bytes on 32-bit: 2 strings × 12 bytes each)
-  ClientInfo client_info_;
-
-  // Group 4: 4-byte types
+  // Group 3: 4-byte types
   uint32_t last_traffic_;
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
   int state_subs_at_ = -1;
@@ -505,51 +542,18 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
 
   class MessageCreator {
    public:
-    // Constructor for function pointer
     MessageCreator(MessageCreatorPtr ptr) { data_.function_ptr = ptr; }
-
-    // Constructor for string state capture
-    explicit MessageCreator(const std::string &str_value) { data_.string_ptr = new std::string(str_value); }
-
-    // No destructor - cleanup must be called explicitly with message_type
-
-    // Delete copy operations - MessageCreator should only be moved
-    MessageCreator(const MessageCreator &other) = delete;
-    MessageCreator &operator=(const MessageCreator &other) = delete;
-
-    // Move constructor
-    MessageCreator(MessageCreator &&other) noexcept : data_(other.data_) { other.data_.function_ptr = nullptr; }
-
-    // Move assignment
-    MessageCreator &operator=(MessageCreator &&other) noexcept {
-      if (this != &other) {
-        // IMPORTANT: Caller must ensure cleanup() was called if this contains a string!
-        // In our usage, this happens in add_item() deduplication and vector::erase()
-        data_ = other.data_;
-        other.data_.function_ptr = nullptr;
-      }
-      return *this;
-    }
+    explicit MessageCreator(const char *str_value) { data_.const_char_ptr = str_value; }
 
     // Call operator - uses message_type to determine union type
     uint16_t operator()(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size, bool is_single,
                         uint8_t message_type) const;
 
-    // Manual cleanup method - must be called before destruction for string types
-    void cleanup(uint8_t message_type) {
-#ifdef USE_EVENT
-      if (message_type == EventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE && data_.string_ptr != nullptr) {
-        delete data_.string_ptr;
-        data_.string_ptr = nullptr;
-      }
-#endif
-    }
-
    private:
     union Data {
       MessageCreatorPtr function_ptr;
-      std::string *string_ptr;
-    } data_;  // 4 bytes on 32-bit, 8 bytes on 64-bit - same as before
+      const char *const_char_ptr;
+    } data_;  // 4 bytes on 32-bit, 8 bytes on 64-bit
   };
 
   // Generic batching mechanism for both state updates and entity info
@@ -562,52 +566,41 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
 
       // Constructor for creating BatchItem
       BatchItem(EntityBase *entity, MessageCreator creator, uint8_t message_type, uint8_t estimated_size)
-          : entity(entity), creator(std::move(creator)), message_type(message_type), estimated_size(estimated_size) {}
+          : entity(entity), creator(creator), message_type(message_type), estimated_size(estimated_size) {}
     };
 
     std::vector<BatchItem> items;
     uint32_t batch_start_time{0};
 
-   private:
-    // Helper to cleanup items from the beginning
-    void cleanup_items_(size_t count) {
-      for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-        items[i].creator.cleanup(items[i].message_type);
-      }
-    }
-
-   public:
-    DeferredBatch() {
-      // Pre-allocate capacity for typical batch sizes to avoid reallocation
-      items.reserve(8);
-    }
-
-    ~DeferredBatch() {
-      // Ensure cleanup of any remaining items
-      clear();
-    }
+    // No pre-allocation - log connections never use batching, and for
+    // connections that do, buffers are released after initial sync anyway
 
     // Add item to the batch
     void add_item(EntityBase *entity, MessageCreator creator, uint8_t message_type, uint8_t estimated_size);
     // Add item to the front of the batch (for high priority messages like ping)
     void add_item_front(EntityBase *entity, MessageCreator creator, uint8_t message_type, uint8_t estimated_size);
 
-    // Clear all items with proper cleanup
+    // Clear all items
     void clear() {
-      cleanup_items_(items.size());
       items.clear();
       batch_start_time = 0;
     }
 
-    // Remove processed items from the front with proper cleanup
-    void remove_front(size_t count) {
-      cleanup_items_(count);
-      items.erase(items.begin(), items.begin() + count);
-    }
+    // Remove processed items from the front
+    void remove_front(size_t count) { items.erase(items.begin(), items.begin() + count); }
 
     bool empty() const { return items.empty(); }
     size_t size() const { return items.size(); }
     const BatchItem &operator[](size_t index) const { return items[index]; }
+    // Release excess capacity - only releases if items already empty
+    void release_buffer() {
+      // Safe to call: batch is processed before release_buffer is called,
+      // and if any items remain (partial processing), we must not clear them.
+      // Use swap trick since shrink_to_fit() is non-binding and may be ignored.
+      if (items.empty()) {
+        std::vector<BatchItem>().swap(items);
+      }
+    }
   };
 
   // DeferredBatch here (16 bytes, 4-byte aligned)
@@ -645,7 +638,9 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
   // 2-byte types immediately after flags_ (no padding between them)
   uint16_t client_api_version_major_{0};
   uint16_t client_api_version_minor_{0};
-  // Total: 2 (flags) + 2 + 2 = 6 bytes, then 2 bytes padding to next 4-byte boundary
+  // 1-byte type to fill padding
+  ActiveIterator active_iterator_{ActiveIterator::NONE};
+  // Total: 2 (flags) + 2 + 2 + 1 = 7 bytes, then 1 byte padding to next 4-byte boundary
 
   uint32_t get_batch_delay_ms_() const;
   // Message will use 8 more bytes than the minimum size, and typical
@@ -682,21 +677,30 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
   }
 #endif
 
+  // Helper to check if a message type should bypass batching
+  // Returns true if:
+  // 1. It's an UpdateStateResponse (always send immediately to handle cases where
+  //    the main loop is blocked, e.g., during OTA updates)
+  // 2. It's an EventResponse (events are edge-triggered - every occurrence matters)
+  // 3. OR: User has opted into immediate sending (should_try_send_immediately = true
+  //    AND batch_delay = 0)
+  inline bool should_send_immediately_(uint8_t message_type) const {
+    return (
+#ifdef USE_UPDATE
+        message_type == UpdateStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE ||
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_EVENT
+        message_type == EventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE ||
+#endif
+        (this->flags_.should_try_send_immediately && this->get_batch_delay_ms_() == 0));
+  }
+
   // Helper method to send a message either immediately or via batching
+  // Tries immediate send if should_send_immediately_() returns true and buffer has space
+  // Falls back to batching if immediate send fails or isn't applicable
   bool send_message_smart_(EntityBase *entity, MessageCreatorPtr creator, uint8_t message_type,
                            uint8_t estimated_size) {
-    // Try to send immediately if:
-    // 1. It's an UpdateStateResponse (always send immediately to handle cases where
-    //    the main loop is blocked, e.g., during OTA updates)
-    // 2. OR: We should try to send immediately (should_try_send_immediately = true)
-    //        AND Batch delay is 0 (user has opted in to immediate sending)
-    // 3. AND: Buffer has space available
-    if ((
-#ifdef USE_UPDATE
-            message_type == UpdateStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE ||
-#endif
-            (this->flags_.should_try_send_immediately && this->get_batch_delay_ms_() == 0)) &&
-        this->helper_->can_write_without_blocking()) {
+    if (this->should_send_immediately_(message_type) && this->helper_->can_write_without_blocking()) {
       // Now actually encode and send
       if (creator(entity, this, MAX_BATCH_PACKET_SIZE, true) &&
           this->send_buffer(ProtoWriteBuffer{&this->parent_->get_shared_buffer_ref()}, message_type)) {
@@ -714,9 +718,30 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
     return this->schedule_message_(entity, creator, message_type, estimated_size);
   }
 
+  // Overload for MessageCreator (used by events which need to capture event_type)
+  bool send_message_smart_(EntityBase *entity, MessageCreator creator, uint8_t message_type, uint8_t estimated_size) {
+    // Try to send immediately if message type should bypass batching and buffer has space
+    if (this->should_send_immediately_(message_type) && this->helper_->can_write_without_blocking()) {
+      // Now actually encode and send
+      if (creator(entity, this, MAX_BATCH_PACKET_SIZE, true, message_type) &&
+          this->send_buffer(ProtoWriteBuffer{&this->parent_->get_shared_buffer_ref()}, message_type)) {
+#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
+        // Log the message in verbose mode
+        this->log_proto_message_(entity, creator, message_type);
+#endif
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      // If immediate send failed, fall through to batching
+    }
+
+    // Fall back to scheduled batching
+    return this->schedule_message_(entity, creator, message_type, estimated_size);
+  }
+
   // Helper function to schedule a deferred message with known message type
   bool schedule_message_(EntityBase *entity, MessageCreator creator, uint8_t message_type, uint8_t estimated_size) {
-    this->deferred_batch_.add_item(entity, std::move(creator), message_type, estimated_size);
+    this->deferred_batch_.add_item(entity, creator, message_type, estimated_size);
     return this->schedule_batch_();
   }
 
@@ -733,6 +758,8 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
     return this->schedule_batch_();
   }
 
+  // Helper function to log client messages with name and peername
+  void log_client_(int level, const LogString *message);
   // Helper function to log API errors with errno
   void log_warning_(const LogString *message, APIError err);
   // Helper to handle fatal errors with logging

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include "api_frame_helper.h"
 #ifdef USE_API
-#include "api_connection.h"  // For ClientInfo struct
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
@@ -13,12 +12,29 @@ namespace esphome::api {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "api.frame_helper";
 
-#define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) \
-  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s (%s): " msg, this->client_info_->name.c_str(), this->client_info_->peername.c_str(), ##__VA_ARGS__)
+// Maximum bytes to log in hex format (168 * 3 = 504, under TX buffer size of 512)
+static constexpr size_t API_MAX_LOG_BYTES = 168;
+
+#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERY_VERBOSE
+#define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s (%s): " msg, this->client_name_, this->client_peername_, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#else
+#define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) ((void) 0)
+#endif
 
 #ifdef HELPER_LOG_PACKETS
-#define LOG_PACKET_RECEIVED(buffer) ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Received frame: %s", format_hex_pretty(buffer).c_str())
-#define LOG_PACKET_SENDING(data, len) ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Sending raw: %s", format_hex_pretty(data, len).c_str())
+#define LOG_PACKET_RECEIVED(buffer) \
+  do { \
+    char hex_buf_[format_hex_pretty_size(API_MAX_LOG_BYTES)]; \
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Received frame: %s", \
+              format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf_, (buffer).data(), \
+                                   (buffer).size() < API_MAX_LOG_BYTES ? (buffer).size() : API_MAX_LOG_BYTES)); \
+  } while (0)
+#define LOG_PACKET_SENDING(data, len) \
+  do { \
+    char hex_buf_[format_hex_pretty_size(API_MAX_LOG_BYTES)]; \
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Sending raw: %s", \
+              format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf_, data, (len) < API_MAX_LOG_BYTES ? (len) : API_MAX_LOG_BYTES)); \
+  } while (0)
 #else
 #define LOG_PACKET_RECEIVED(buffer) ((void) 0)
 #define LOG_PACKET_SENDING(data, len) ((void) 0)
@@ -229,6 +245,8 @@ APIError APIFrameHelper::init_common_() {
     HELPER_LOG("Bad state for init %d", (int) state_);
     return APIError::BAD_STATE;
   }
+  // Cache peername now while socket is valid - needed for error logging after socket failure
+  this->socket_->getpeername_to(this->client_peername_);
   int err = this->socket_->setblocking(false);
   if (err != 0) {
     state_ = State::FAILED;

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper.h

@@ -29,25 +29,28 @@ static constexpr uint16_t MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE = 8192;  // 8 KiB for ESP8266
 static constexpr uint16_t MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE = 32768;  // 32 KiB for ESP32 and other platforms
 #endif
 
-// Forward declaration
-struct ClientInfo;
+// Maximum number of messages to batch in a single write operation
+// Must be >= MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH in api_connection.h (enforced by static_assert there)
+static constexpr size_t MAX_MESSAGES_PER_BATCH = 34;
 
 class ProtoWriteBuffer;
 
+// Max client name length (e.g., "Home Assistant 2026.1.0.dev0" = 28 chars)
+static constexpr size_t CLIENT_INFO_NAME_MAX_LEN = 32;
+
 struct ReadPacketBuffer {
-  std::vector<uint8_t> container;
-  uint16_t type;
-  uint16_t data_offset;
+  const uint8_t *data;  // Points directly into frame helper's rx_buf_ (valid until next read_packet call)
   uint16_t data_len;
+  uint16_t type;
 };
 
-// Packed packet info structure to minimize memory usage
-struct PacketInfo {
+// Packed message info structure to minimize memory usage
+struct MessageInfo {
   uint16_t offset;        // Offset in buffer where message starts
   uint16_t payload_size;  // Size of the message payload
   uint8_t message_type;   // Message type (0-255)
 
-  PacketInfo(uint8_t type, uint16_t off, uint16_t size) : offset(off), payload_size(size), message_type(type) {}
+  MessageInfo(uint8_t type, uint16_t off, uint16_t size) : offset(off), payload_size(size), message_type(type) {}
 };
 
 enum class APIError : uint16_t {
@@ -83,16 +86,23 @@ const LogString *api_error_to_logstr(APIError err);
 class APIFrameHelper {
  public:
   APIFrameHelper() = default;
-  explicit APIFrameHelper(std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> socket, const ClientInfo *client_info)
-      : socket_owned_(std::move(socket)), client_info_(client_info) {
-    socket_ = socket_owned_.get();
+  explicit APIFrameHelper(std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> socket) : socket_(std::move(socket)) {}
+
+  // Get client name (null-terminated)
+  const char *get_client_name() const { return this->client_name_; }
+  // Get client peername/IP (null-terminated, cached at init time for availability after socket failure)
+  const char *get_client_peername() const { return this->client_peername_; }
+  // Set client name from buffer with length (truncates if needed)
+  void set_client_name(const char *name, size_t len) {
+    size_t copy_len = std::min(len, sizeof(this->client_name_) - 1);
+    memcpy(this->client_name_, name, copy_len);
+    this->client_name_[copy_len] = '\0';
   }
   virtual ~APIFrameHelper() = default;
   virtual APIError init() = 0;
   virtual APIError loop();
   virtual APIError read_packet(ReadPacketBuffer *buffer) = 0;
   bool can_write_without_blocking() { return this->state_ == State::DATA && this->tx_buf_count_ == 0; }
-  std::string getpeername() { return socket_->getpeername(); }
   int getpeername(struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t *addrlen) { return socket_->getpeername(addr, addrlen); }
   APIError close() {
     state_ = State::CLOSED;
@@ -110,17 +120,48 @@ class APIFrameHelper {
     }
     return APIError::OK;
   }
+  /// Toggle TCP_NODELAY socket option to control Nagle's algorithm.
+  ///
+  /// This is used to allow log messages to coalesce (Nagle enabled) while keeping
+  /// state updates low-latency (NODELAY enabled). Without this, many small log
+  /// packets fill the TCP send buffer, crowding out important state updates.
+  ///
+  /// State is tracked to minimize setsockopt() overhead - on lwip_raw (ESP8266/RP2040)
+  /// this is just a boolean assignment; on other platforms it's a lightweight syscall.
+  ///
+  /// @param enable true to enable NODELAY (disable Nagle), false to enable Nagle
+  /// @return true if successful or already in desired state
+  bool set_nodelay(bool enable) {
+    if (this->nodelay_enabled_ == enable)
+      return true;
+    int val = enable ? 1 : 0;
+    int err = this->socket_->setsockopt(IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &val, sizeof(int));
+    if (err == 0) {
+      this->nodelay_enabled_ = enable;
+    }
+    return err == 0;
+  }
   virtual APIError write_protobuf_packet(uint8_t type, ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) = 0;
-  // Write multiple protobuf packets in a single operation
-  // packets contains (message_type, offset, length) for each message in the buffer
+  // Write multiple protobuf messages in a single operation
+  // messages contains (message_type, offset, length) for each message in the buffer
   // The buffer contains all messages with appropriate padding before each
-  virtual APIError write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, std::span<const PacketInfo> packets) = 0;
+  virtual APIError write_protobuf_messages(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, std::span<const MessageInfo> messages) = 0;
   // Get the frame header padding required by this protocol
   uint8_t frame_header_padding() const { return frame_header_padding_; }
   // Get the frame footer size required by this protocol
   uint8_t frame_footer_size() const { return frame_footer_size_; }
   // Check if socket has data ready to read
   bool is_socket_ready() const { return socket_ != nullptr && socket_->ready(); }
+  // Release excess memory from internal buffers after initial sync
+  void release_buffers() {
+    // rx_buf_: Safe to clear only if no partial read in progress.
+    // rx_buf_len_ tracks bytes read so far; if non-zero, we're mid-frame
+    // and clearing would lose partially received data.
+    if (this->rx_buf_len_ == 0) {
+      // Use swap trick since shrink_to_fit() is non-binding and may be ignored
+      std::vector<uint8_t>().swap(this->rx_buf_);
+    }
+  }
 
  protected:
   // Buffer containing data to be sent
@@ -149,9 +190,8 @@ class APIFrameHelper {
   APIError write_raw_(const struct iovec *iov, int iovcnt, socket::Socket *socket, std::vector<uint8_t> &tx_buf,
                       const std::string &info, StateEnum &state, StateEnum failed_state);
 
-  // Pointers first (4 bytes each)
-  socket::Socket *socket_{nullptr};
-  std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> socket_owned_;
+  // Socket ownership (4 bytes on 32-bit, 8 bytes on 64-bit)
+  std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> socket_;
 
   // Common state enum for all frame helpers
   // Note: Not all states are used by all implementations
@@ -174,12 +214,12 @@ class APIFrameHelper {
 
   // Containers (size varies, but typically 12+ bytes on 32-bit)
   std::array<std::unique_ptr<SendBuffer>, API_MAX_SEND_QUEUE> tx_buf_;
-  std::vector<struct iovec> reusable_iovs_;
   std::vector<uint8_t> rx_buf_;
 
-  // Pointer to client info (4 bytes on 32-bit)
-  // Note: The pointed-to ClientInfo object must outlive this APIFrameHelper instance.
-  const ClientInfo *client_info_{nullptr};
+  // Client name buffer - stores name from Hello message or initial peername
+  char client_name_[CLIENT_INFO_NAME_MAX_LEN]{};
+  // Cached peername/IP address - captured at init time for availability after socket failure
+  char client_peername_[socket::SOCKADDR_STR_LEN]{};
 
   // Group smaller types together
   uint16_t rx_buf_len_ = 0;
@@ -189,7 +229,10 @@ class APIFrameHelper {
   uint8_t tx_buf_head_{0};
   uint8_t tx_buf_tail_{0};
   uint8_t tx_buf_count_{0};
-  // 8 bytes total, 0 bytes padding
+  // Tracks TCP_NODELAY state to minimize setsockopt() calls. Initialized to true
+  // since init_common_() enables NODELAY. Used by set_nodelay() to allow log
+  // messages to coalesce while keeping state updates low-latency.
+  bool nodelay_enabled_{true};
 
   // Common initialization for both plaintext and noise protocols
   APIError init_common_();

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_noise.cpp

@@ -24,12 +24,29 @@ static const char *const PROLOGUE_INIT = "NoiseAPIInit";
 #endif
 static constexpr size_t PROLOGUE_INIT_LEN = 12;  // strlen("NoiseAPIInit")
 
-#define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) \
-  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s (%s): " msg, this->client_info_->name.c_str(), this->client_info_->peername.c_str(), ##__VA_ARGS__)
+// Maximum bytes to log in hex format (168 * 3 = 504, under TX buffer size of 512)
+static constexpr size_t API_MAX_LOG_BYTES = 168;
+
+#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERY_VERBOSE
+#define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s (%s): " msg, this->client_name_, this->client_peername_, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#else
+#define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) ((void) 0)
+#endif
 
 #ifdef HELPER_LOG_PACKETS
-#define LOG_PACKET_RECEIVED(buffer) ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Received frame: %s", format_hex_pretty(buffer).c_str())
-#define LOG_PACKET_SENDING(data, len) ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Sending raw: %s", format_hex_pretty(data, len).c_str())
+#define LOG_PACKET_RECEIVED(buffer) \
+  do { \
+    char hex_buf_[format_hex_pretty_size(API_MAX_LOG_BYTES)]; \
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Received frame: %s", \
+              format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf_, (buffer).data(), \
+                                   (buffer).size() < API_MAX_LOG_BYTES ? (buffer).size() : API_MAX_LOG_BYTES)); \
+  } while (0)
+#define LOG_PACKET_SENDING(data, len) \
+  do { \
+    char hex_buf_[format_hex_pretty_size(API_MAX_LOG_BYTES)]; \
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Sending raw: %s", \
+              format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf_, data, (len) < API_MAX_LOG_BYTES ? (len) : API_MAX_LOG_BYTES)); \
+  } while (0)
 #else
 #define LOG_PACKET_RECEIVED(buffer) ((void) 0)
 #define LOG_PACKET_SENDING(data, len) ((void) 0)
@@ -239,12 +256,13 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::state_action_() {
   }
   if (state_ == State::SERVER_HELLO) {
     // send server hello
+    constexpr size_t mac_len = 13;  // 12 hex chars + null terminator
     const std::string &name = App.get_name();
-    const std::string &mac = get_mac_address();
+    char mac[mac_len];
+    get_mac_address_into_buffer(mac);
 
     // Calculate positions and sizes
     size_t name_len = name.size() + 1;  // including null terminator
-    size_t mac_len = mac.size() + 1;    // including null terminator
     size_t name_offset = 1;
     size_t mac_offset = name_offset + name_len;
     size_t total_size = 1 + name_len + mac_len;
@@ -257,7 +275,7 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::state_action_() {
     // node name, terminated by null byte
     std::memcpy(msg.get() + name_offset, name.c_str(), name_len);
     // node mac, terminated by null byte
-    std::memcpy(msg.get() + mac_offset, mac.c_str(), mac_len);
+    std::memcpy(msg.get() + mac_offset, mac, mac_len);
 
     aerr = write_frame_(msg.get(), total_size);
     if (aerr != APIError::OK)
@@ -406,8 +424,7 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::read_packet(ReadPacketBuffer *buffer) {
     return APIError::BAD_DATA_PACKET;
   }
 
-  buffer->container = std::move(this->rx_buf_);
-  buffer->data_offset = 4;
+  buffer->data = msg_data + 4;  // Skip 4-byte header (type + length)
   buffer->data_len = data_len;
   buffer->type = type;
   return APIError::OK;
@@ -415,12 +432,12 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::read_packet(ReadPacketBuffer *buffer) {
 APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::write_protobuf_packet(uint8_t type, ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) {
   // Resize to include MAC space (required for Noise encryption)
   buffer.get_buffer()->resize(buffer.get_buffer()->size() + frame_footer_size_);
-  PacketInfo packet{type, 0,
-                    static_cast<uint16_t>(buffer.get_buffer()->size() - frame_header_padding_ - frame_footer_size_)};
-  return write_protobuf_packets(buffer, std::span<const PacketInfo>(&packet, 1));
+  MessageInfo msg{type, 0,
+                  static_cast<uint16_t>(buffer.get_buffer()->size() - frame_header_padding_ - frame_footer_size_)};
+  return write_protobuf_messages(buffer, std::span<const MessageInfo>(&msg, 1));
 }
 
-APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, std::span<const PacketInfo> packets) {
+APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::write_protobuf_messages(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, std::span<const MessageInfo> messages) {
   APIError aerr = state_action_();
   if (aerr != APIError::OK) {
     return aerr;
@@ -430,20 +447,20 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, st
     return APIError::WOULD_BLOCK;
   }
 
-  if (packets.empty()) {
+  if (messages.empty()) {
     return APIError::OK;
   }
 
   uint8_t *buffer_data = buffer.get_buffer()->data();
 
-  this->reusable_iovs_.clear();
-  this->reusable_iovs_.reserve(packets.size());
+  // Stack-allocated iovec array - no heap allocation
+  StaticVector<struct iovec, MAX_MESSAGES_PER_BATCH> iovs;
   uint16_t total_write_len = 0;
 
-  // We need to encrypt each packet in place
-  for (const auto &packet : packets) {
+  // We need to encrypt each message in place
+  for (const auto &msg : messages) {
     // The buffer already has padding at offset
-    uint8_t *buf_start = buffer_data + packet.offset;
+    uint8_t *buf_start = buffer_data + msg.offset;
 
     // Write noise header
     buf_start[0] = 0x01;  // indicator
@@ -451,10 +468,10 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, st
 
     // Write message header (to be encrypted)
     const uint8_t msg_offset = 3;
-    buf_start[msg_offset] = static_cast<uint8_t>(packet.message_type >> 8);      // type high byte
-    buf_start[msg_offset + 1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(packet.message_type);       // type low byte
-    buf_start[msg_offset + 2] = static_cast<uint8_t>(packet.payload_size >> 8);  // data_len high byte
-    buf_start[msg_offset + 3] = static_cast<uint8_t>(packet.payload_size);       // data_len low byte
+    buf_start[msg_offset] = static_cast<uint8_t>(msg.message_type >> 8);      // type high byte
+    buf_start[msg_offset + 1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(msg.message_type);       // type low byte
+    buf_start[msg_offset + 2] = static_cast<uint8_t>(msg.payload_size >> 8);  // data_len high byte
+    buf_start[msg_offset + 3] = static_cast<uint8_t>(msg.payload_size);       // data_len low byte
     // payload data is already in the buffer starting at offset + 7
 
     // Make sure we have space for MAC
@@ -463,8 +480,8 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, st
     // Encrypt the message in place
     NoiseBuffer mbuf;
     noise_buffer_init(mbuf);
-    noise_buffer_set_inout(mbuf, buf_start + msg_offset, 4 + packet.payload_size,
-                           4 + packet.payload_size + frame_footer_size_);
+    noise_buffer_set_inout(mbuf, buf_start + msg_offset, 4 + msg.payload_size,
+                           4 + msg.payload_size + frame_footer_size_);
 
     int err = noise_cipherstate_encrypt(send_cipher_, &mbuf);
     APIError aerr =
@@ -476,14 +493,14 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, st
     buf_start[1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(mbuf.size >> 8);
     buf_start[2] = static_cast<uint8_t>(mbuf.size);
 
-    // Add iovec for this encrypted packet
-    size_t packet_len = static_cast<size_t>(3 + mbuf.size);  // indicator + size + encrypted data
-    this->reusable_iovs_.push_back({buf_start, packet_len});
-    total_write_len += packet_len;
+    // Add iovec for this encrypted message
+    size_t msg_len = static_cast<size_t>(3 + mbuf.size);  // indicator + size + encrypted data
+    iovs.push_back({buf_start, msg_len});
+    total_write_len += msg_len;
   }
 
-  // Send all encrypted packets in one writev call
-  return this->write_raw_(this->reusable_iovs_.data(), this->reusable_iovs_.size(), total_write_len);
+  // Send all encrypted messages in one writev call
+  return this->write_raw_(iovs.data(), iovs.size(), total_write_len);
 }
 
 APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::write_frame_(const uint8_t *data, uint16_t len) {
@@ -527,7 +544,7 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::init_handshake_() {
   if (aerr != APIError::OK)
     return aerr;
 
-  const auto &psk = ctx_->get_psk();
+  const auto &psk = this->ctx_.get_psk();
   err = noise_handshakestate_set_pre_shared_key(handshake_, psk.data(), psk.size());
   aerr = handle_noise_error_(err, LOG_STR("noise_handshakestate_set_pre_shared_key"),
                              APIError::HANDSHAKESTATE_SETUP_FAILED);
@@ -539,7 +556,8 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::init_handshake_() {
   if (aerr != APIError::OK)
     return aerr;
   // set_prologue copies it into handshakestate, so we can get rid of it now
-  prologue_ = {};
+  // Use swap idiom to actually release memory (= {} only clears size, not capacity)
+  std::vector<uint8_t>().swap(prologue_);
 
   err = noise_handshakestate_start(handshake_);
   aerr = handle_noise_error_(err, LOG_STR("noise_handshakestate_start"), APIError::HANDSHAKESTATE_SETUP_FAILED);

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_noise.h

@@ -9,9 +9,8 @@ namespace esphome::api {
 
 class APINoiseFrameHelper final : public APIFrameHelper {
  public:
-  APINoiseFrameHelper(std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> socket, std::shared_ptr<APINoiseContext> ctx,
-                      const ClientInfo *client_info)
-      : APIFrameHelper(std::move(socket), client_info), ctx_(std::move(ctx)) {
+  APINoiseFrameHelper(std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> socket, APINoiseContext &ctx)
+      : APIFrameHelper(std::move(socket)), ctx_(ctx) {
     // Noise header structure:
     // Pos 0: indicator (0x01)
     // Pos 1-2: encrypted payload size (16-bit big-endian)
@@ -24,7 +23,7 @@ class APINoiseFrameHelper final : public APIFrameHelper {
   APIError loop() override;
   APIError read_packet(ReadPacketBuffer *buffer) override;
   APIError write_protobuf_packet(uint8_t type, ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) override;
-  APIError write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, std::span<const PacketInfo> packets) override;
+  APIError write_protobuf_messages(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, std::span<const MessageInfo> messages) override;
 
  protected:
   APIError state_action_();
@@ -41,8 +40,8 @@ class APINoiseFrameHelper final : public APIFrameHelper {
   NoiseCipherState *send_cipher_{nullptr};
   NoiseCipherState *recv_cipher_{nullptr};
 
-  // Shared pointer (8 bytes on 32-bit = 4 bytes control block pointer + 4 bytes object pointer)
-  std::shared_ptr<APINoiseContext> ctx_;
+  // Reference to noise context (4 bytes on 32-bit)
+  APINoiseContext &ctx_;
 
   // Vector (12 bytes on 32-bit)
   std::vector<uint8_t> prologue_;

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_plaintext.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include "api_frame_helper_plaintext.h"
 #ifdef USE_API
 #ifdef USE_API_PLAINTEXT
-#include "api_connection.h"  // For ClientInfo struct
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
@@ -18,12 +17,29 @@ namespace esphome::api {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "api.plaintext";
 
-#define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) \
-  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s (%s): " msg, this->client_info_->name.c_str(), this->client_info_->peername.c_str(), ##__VA_ARGS__)
+// Maximum bytes to log in hex format (168 * 3 = 504, under TX buffer size of 512)
+static constexpr size_t API_MAX_LOG_BYTES = 168;
+
+#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERY_VERBOSE
+#define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s (%s): " msg, this->client_name_, this->client_peername_, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#else
+#define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) ((void) 0)
+#endif
 
 #ifdef HELPER_LOG_PACKETS
-#define LOG_PACKET_RECEIVED(buffer) ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Received frame: %s", format_hex_pretty(buffer).c_str())
-#define LOG_PACKET_SENDING(data, len) ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Sending raw: %s", format_hex_pretty(data, len).c_str())
+#define LOG_PACKET_RECEIVED(buffer) \
+  do { \
+    char hex_buf_[format_hex_pretty_size(API_MAX_LOG_BYTES)]; \
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Received frame: %s", \
+              format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf_, (buffer).data(), \
+                                   (buffer).size() < API_MAX_LOG_BYTES ? (buffer).size() : API_MAX_LOG_BYTES)); \
+  } while (0)
+#define LOG_PACKET_SENDING(data, len) \
+  do { \
+    char hex_buf_[format_hex_pretty_size(API_MAX_LOG_BYTES)]; \
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Sending raw: %s", \
+              format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf_, data, (len) < API_MAX_LOG_BYTES ? (len) : API_MAX_LOG_BYTES)); \
+  } while (0)
 #else
 #define LOG_PACKET_RECEIVED(buffer) ((void) 0)
 #define LOG_PACKET_SENDING(data, len) ((void) 0)
@@ -210,36 +226,36 @@ APIError APIPlaintextFrameHelper::read_packet(ReadPacketBuffer *buffer) {
     return aerr;
   }
 
-  buffer->container = std::move(this->rx_buf_);
-  buffer->data_offset = 0;
+  buffer->data = this->rx_buf_.data();
   buffer->data_len = this->rx_header_parsed_len_;
   buffer->type = this->rx_header_parsed_type_;
   return APIError::OK;
 }
 APIError APIPlaintextFrameHelper::write_protobuf_packet(uint8_t type, ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) {
-  PacketInfo packet{type, 0, static_cast<uint16_t>(buffer.get_buffer()->size() - frame_header_padding_)};
-  return write_protobuf_packets(buffer, std::span<const PacketInfo>(&packet, 1));
+  MessageInfo msg{type, 0, static_cast<uint16_t>(buffer.get_buffer()->size() - frame_header_padding_)};
+  return write_protobuf_messages(buffer, std::span<const MessageInfo>(&msg, 1));
 }
 
-APIError APIPlaintextFrameHelper::write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, std::span<const PacketInfo> packets) {
+APIError APIPlaintextFrameHelper::write_protobuf_messages(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer,
+                                                          std::span<const MessageInfo> messages) {
   if (state_ != State::DATA) {
     return APIError::BAD_STATE;
   }
 
-  if (packets.empty()) {
+  if (messages.empty()) {
     return APIError::OK;
   }
 
   uint8_t *buffer_data = buffer.get_buffer()->data();
 
-  this->reusable_iovs_.clear();
-  this->reusable_iovs_.reserve(packets.size());
+  // Stack-allocated iovec array - no heap allocation
+  StaticVector<struct iovec, MAX_MESSAGES_PER_BATCH> iovs;
   uint16_t total_write_len = 0;
 
-  for (const auto &packet : packets) {
+  for (const auto &msg : messages) {
     // Calculate varint sizes for header layout
-    uint8_t size_varint_len = api::ProtoSize::varint(static_cast<uint32_t>(packet.payload_size));
-    uint8_t type_varint_len = api::ProtoSize::varint(static_cast<uint32_t>(packet.message_type));
+    uint8_t size_varint_len = api::ProtoSize::varint(static_cast<uint32_t>(msg.payload_size));
+    uint8_t type_varint_len = api::ProtoSize::varint(static_cast<uint32_t>(msg.message_type));
     uint8_t total_header_len = 1 + size_varint_len + type_varint_len;
 
     // Calculate where to start writing the header
@@ -267,25 +283,25 @@ APIError APIPlaintextFrameHelper::write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer
     //
     // The message starts at offset + frame_header_padding_
     // So we write the header starting at offset + frame_header_padding_ - total_header_len
-    uint8_t *buf_start = buffer_data + packet.offset;
+    uint8_t *buf_start = buffer_data + msg.offset;
     uint32_t header_offset = frame_header_padding_ - total_header_len;
 
     // Write the plaintext header
     buf_start[header_offset] = 0x00;  // indicator
 
     // Encode varints directly into buffer
-    ProtoVarInt(packet.payload_size).encode_to_buffer_unchecked(buf_start + header_offset + 1, size_varint_len);
-    ProtoVarInt(packet.message_type)
+    ProtoVarInt(msg.payload_size).encode_to_buffer_unchecked(buf_start + header_offset + 1, size_varint_len);
+    ProtoVarInt(msg.message_type)
         .encode_to_buffer_unchecked(buf_start + header_offset + 1 + size_varint_len, type_varint_len);
 
-    // Add iovec for this packet (header + payload)
-    size_t packet_len = static_cast<size_t>(total_header_len + packet.payload_size);
-    this->reusable_iovs_.push_back({buf_start + header_offset, packet_len});
-    total_write_len += packet_len;
+    // Add iovec for this message (header + payload)
+    size_t msg_len = static_cast<size_t>(total_header_len + msg.payload_size);
+    iovs.push_back({buf_start + header_offset, msg_len});
+    total_write_len += msg_len;
   }
 
-  // Send all packets in one writev call
-  return write_raw_(this->reusable_iovs_.data(), this->reusable_iovs_.size(), total_write_len);
+  // Send all messages in one writev call
+  return write_raw_(iovs.data(), iovs.size(), total_write_len);
 }
 
 }  // namespace esphome::api

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_plaintext.h

@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@ namespace esphome::api {
 
 class APIPlaintextFrameHelper final : public APIFrameHelper {
  public:
-  APIPlaintextFrameHelper(std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> socket, const ClientInfo *client_info)
-      : APIFrameHelper(std::move(socket), client_info) {
+  explicit APIPlaintextFrameHelper(std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> socket) : APIFrameHelper(std::move(socket)) {
     // Plaintext header structure (worst case):
     // Pos 0: indicator (0x00)
     // Pos 1-3: payload size varint (up to 3 bytes)
@@ -21,7 +20,7 @@ class APIPlaintextFrameHelper final : public APIFrameHelper {
   APIError loop() override;
   APIError read_packet(ReadPacketBuffer *buffer) override;
   APIError write_protobuf_packet(uint8_t type, ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) override;
-  APIError write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, std::span<const PacketInfo> packets) override;
+  APIError write_protobuf_messages(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, std::span<const MessageInfo> messages) override;
 
  protected:
   APIError try_read_frame_();

esphome/components/api/api_options.proto

@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ extend google.protobuf.MessageOptions {
 extend google.protobuf.FieldOptions {
     optional string field_ifdef = 1042;
     optional uint32 fixed_array_size = 50007;
-    optional bool no_zero_copy = 50008 [default=false];
     optional bool fixed_array_skip_zero = 50009 [default=false];
     optional string fixed_array_size_define = 50010;
     optional string fixed_array_with_length_define = 50011;
@@ -80,4 +79,15 @@ extend google.protobuf.FieldOptions {
     // Example: [(container_pointer_no_template) = "light::ColorModeMask"]
     //   generates: const light::ColorModeMask *supported_color_modes{};
     optional string container_pointer_no_template = 50014;
+
+    // packed_buffer: Expose raw packed buffer instead of decoding into container
+    // When set on a packed repeated field, the generated code stores a pointer
+    // to the raw protobuf buffer instead of decoding values. This enables
+    // zero-copy passthrough when the consumer can decode on-demand.
+    // The field must be a packed repeated field (packed=true).
+    // Generates three fields:
+    //   - const uint8_t *<field>_data_{nullptr};
+    //   - uint16_t <field>_length_{0};
+    //   - uint16_t <field>_count_{0};
+    optional bool packed_buffer = 50015 [default=false];
 }

esphome/components/api/api_pb2_includes.h

@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@
 #include "esphome/components/climate/climate_traits.h"
 #endif
 
+#ifdef USE_WATER_HEATER
+#include "esphome/components/water_heater/water_heater.h"
+#endif
+
 #ifdef USE_LIGHT
 #include "esphome/components/light/light_traits.h"
 #endif

esphome/components/api/api_pb2_service.cpp

@@ -8,38 +8,31 @@ namespace esphome::api {
 static const char *const TAG = "api.service";
 
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-void APIServerConnectionBase::log_send_message_(const char *name, const std::string &dump) {
-  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "send_message %s: %s", name, dump.c_str());
+void APIServerConnectionBase::log_send_message_(const char *name, const char *dump) {
+  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "send_message %s: %s", name, dump);
+}
+void APIServerConnectionBase::log_receive_message_(const LogString *name, const ProtoMessage &msg) {
+  DumpBuffer dump_buf;
+  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(name), msg.dump_to(dump_buf));
 }
 #endif
 
-void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, uint8_t *msg_data) {
+void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) {
   switch (msg_type) {
     case HelloRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE: {
       HelloRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_hello_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_hello_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_hello_request(msg);
       break;
     }
-#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-    case AuthenticationRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE: {
-      AuthenticationRequest msg;
-      msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_authentication_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
-#endif
-      this->on_authentication_request(msg);
-      break;
-    }
-#endif
     case DisconnectRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE: {
       DisconnectRequest msg;
       // Empty message: no decode needed
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_disconnect_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_disconnect_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_disconnect_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -48,7 +41,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       DisconnectResponse msg;
       // Empty message: no decode needed
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_disconnect_response: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_disconnect_response"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_disconnect_response(msg);
       break;
@@ -57,7 +50,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       PingRequest msg;
       // Empty message: no decode needed
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_ping_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_ping_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_ping_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -66,7 +59,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       PingResponse msg;
       // Empty message: no decode needed
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_ping_response: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_ping_response"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_ping_response(msg);
       break;
@@ -75,7 +68,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       DeviceInfoRequest msg;
       // Empty message: no decode needed
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_device_info_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_device_info_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_device_info_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -84,7 +77,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       ListEntitiesRequest msg;
       // Empty message: no decode needed
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_list_entities_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_list_entities_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_list_entities_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -93,7 +86,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       SubscribeStatesRequest msg;
       // Empty message: no decode needed
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_subscribe_states_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_subscribe_states_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_subscribe_states_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -102,7 +95,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       SubscribeLogsRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_subscribe_logs_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_subscribe_logs_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_subscribe_logs_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -112,7 +105,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       CoverCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_cover_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_cover_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_cover_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -123,7 +116,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       FanCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_fan_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_fan_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_fan_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -134,7 +127,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       LightCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_light_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_light_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_light_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -145,7 +138,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       SwitchCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_switch_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_switch_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_switch_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -156,7 +149,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       SubscribeHomeassistantServicesRequest msg;
       // Empty message: no decode needed
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_subscribe_homeassistant_services_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_subscribe_homeassistant_services_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_subscribe_homeassistant_services_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -166,7 +159,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       GetTimeResponse msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_get_time_response: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_get_time_response"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_get_time_response(msg);
       break;
@@ -176,7 +169,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       SubscribeHomeAssistantStatesRequest msg;
       // Empty message: no decode needed
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_subscribe_home_assistant_states_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_subscribe_home_assistant_states_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_subscribe_home_assistant_states_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -187,18 +180,18 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       HomeAssistantStateResponse msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_home_assistant_state_response: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_home_assistant_state_response"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_home_assistant_state_response(msg);
       break;
     }
 #endif
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
     case ExecuteServiceRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE: {
       ExecuteServiceRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_execute_service_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_execute_service_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_execute_service_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -209,7 +202,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       CameraImageRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_camera_image_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_camera_image_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_camera_image_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -220,7 +213,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       ClimateCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_climate_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_climate_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_climate_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -231,7 +224,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       NumberCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_number_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_number_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_number_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -242,7 +235,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       SelectCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_select_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_select_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_select_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -253,7 +246,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       SirenCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_siren_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_siren_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_siren_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -264,7 +257,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       LockCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_lock_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_lock_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_lock_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -275,7 +268,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       ButtonCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_button_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_button_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_button_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -286,7 +279,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       MediaPlayerCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_media_player_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_media_player_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_media_player_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -297,7 +290,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       SubscribeBluetoothLEAdvertisementsRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_subscribe_bluetooth_le_advertisements_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_subscribe_bluetooth_le_advertisements_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_subscribe_bluetooth_le_advertisements_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -308,7 +301,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       BluetoothDeviceRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_bluetooth_device_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_bluetooth_device_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_bluetooth_device_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -319,7 +312,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       BluetoothGATTGetServicesRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_bluetooth_gatt_get_services_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_bluetooth_gatt_get_services_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_bluetooth_gatt_get_services_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -330,7 +323,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       BluetoothGATTReadRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_bluetooth_gatt_read_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_bluetooth_gatt_read_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_bluetooth_gatt_read_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -341,7 +334,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       BluetoothGATTWriteRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_bluetooth_gatt_write_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_bluetooth_gatt_write_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_bluetooth_gatt_write_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -352,7 +345,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       BluetoothGATTReadDescriptorRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_bluetooth_gatt_read_descriptor_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_bluetooth_gatt_read_descriptor_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_bluetooth_gatt_read_descriptor_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -363,7 +356,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       BluetoothGATTWriteDescriptorRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_bluetooth_gatt_write_descriptor_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_bluetooth_gatt_write_descriptor_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_bluetooth_gatt_write_descriptor_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -374,7 +367,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       BluetoothGATTNotifyRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_bluetooth_gatt_notify_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_bluetooth_gatt_notify_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_bluetooth_gatt_notify_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -385,7 +378,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       SubscribeBluetoothConnectionsFreeRequest msg;
       // Empty message: no decode needed
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -396,7 +389,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       UnsubscribeBluetoothLEAdvertisementsRequest msg;
       // Empty message: no decode needed
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_unsubscribe_bluetooth_le_advertisements_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_unsubscribe_bluetooth_le_advertisements_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_unsubscribe_bluetooth_le_advertisements_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -407,7 +400,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       SubscribeVoiceAssistantRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_subscribe_voice_assistant_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_subscribe_voice_assistant_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_subscribe_voice_assistant_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -418,7 +411,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       VoiceAssistantResponse msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_voice_assistant_response: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_voice_assistant_response"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_voice_assistant_response(msg);
       break;
@@ -429,7 +422,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       VoiceAssistantEventResponse msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_voice_assistant_event_response: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_voice_assistant_event_response"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_voice_assistant_event_response(msg);
       break;
@@ -440,7 +433,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       AlarmControlPanelCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_alarm_control_panel_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_alarm_control_panel_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_alarm_control_panel_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -451,7 +444,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       TextCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_text_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_text_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_text_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -462,7 +455,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       DateCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_date_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_date_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_date_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -473,7 +466,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       TimeCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_time_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_time_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_time_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -484,7 +477,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       VoiceAssistantAudio msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_voice_assistant_audio: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_voice_assistant_audio"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_voice_assistant_audio(msg);
       break;
@@ -495,7 +488,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       ValveCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_valve_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_valve_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_valve_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -506,7 +499,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       DateTimeCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_date_time_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_date_time_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_date_time_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -517,7 +510,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       VoiceAssistantTimerEventResponse msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_voice_assistant_timer_event_response: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_voice_assistant_timer_event_response"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_voice_assistant_timer_event_response(msg);
       break;
@@ -528,7 +521,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       UpdateCommandRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_update_command_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_update_command_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_update_command_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -539,7 +532,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       VoiceAssistantAnnounceRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_voice_assistant_announce_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_voice_assistant_announce_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_voice_assistant_announce_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -550,7 +543,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       VoiceAssistantConfigurationRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_voice_assistant_configuration_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_voice_assistant_configuration_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_voice_assistant_configuration_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -561,7 +554,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       VoiceAssistantSetConfiguration msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_voice_assistant_set_configuration: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_voice_assistant_set_configuration"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_voice_assistant_set_configuration(msg);
       break;
@@ -572,7 +565,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       NoiseEncryptionSetKeyRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_noise_encryption_set_key_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_noise_encryption_set_key_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_noise_encryption_set_key_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -583,7 +576,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       BluetoothScannerSetModeRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_bluetooth_scanner_set_mode_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_bluetooth_scanner_set_mode_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_bluetooth_scanner_set_mode_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -594,7 +587,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       ZWaveProxyFrame msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_z_wave_proxy_frame: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_z_wave_proxy_frame"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_z_wave_proxy_frame(msg);
       break;
@@ -605,7 +598,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       ZWaveProxyRequest msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_z_wave_proxy_request: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_z_wave_proxy_request"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_z_wave_proxy_request(msg);
       break;
@@ -616,11 +609,33 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       HomeassistantActionResponse msg;
       msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "on_homeassistant_action_response: %s", msg.dump().c_str());
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_homeassistant_action_response"), msg);
 #endif
       this->on_homeassistant_action_response(msg);
       break;
     }
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_WATER_HEATER
+    case WaterHeaterCommandRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE: {
+      WaterHeaterCommandRequest msg;
+      msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
+#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_water_heater_command_request"), msg);
+#endif
+      this->on_water_heater_command_request(msg);
+      break;
+    }
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_IR_RF
+    case InfraredRFTransmitRawTimingsRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE: {
+      InfraredRFTransmitRawTimingsRequest msg;
+      msg.decode(msg_data, msg_size);
+#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
+      this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_infrared_rf_transmit_raw_timings_request"), msg);
+#endif
+      this->on_infrared_rf_transmit_raw_timings_request(msg);
+      break;
+    }
 #endif
     default:
       break;
@@ -632,13 +647,6 @@ void APIServerConnection::on_hello_request(const HelloRequest &msg) {
     this->on_fatal_error();
   }
 }
-#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-void APIServerConnection::on_authentication_request(const AuthenticationRequest &msg) {
-  if (!this->send_authenticate_response(msg)) {
-    this->on_fatal_error();
-  }
-}
-#endif
 void APIServerConnection::on_disconnect_request(const DisconnectRequest &msg) {
   if (!this->send_disconnect_response(msg)) {
     this->on_fatal_error();
@@ -670,7 +678,7 @@ void APIServerConnection::on_subscribe_home_assistant_states_request(const Subsc
   this->subscribe_home_assistant_states(msg);
 }
 #endif
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
 void APIServerConnection::on_execute_service_request(const ExecuteServiceRequest &msg) { this->execute_service(msg); }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
@@ -826,14 +834,16 @@ void APIServerConnection::on_z_wave_proxy_frame(const ZWaveProxyFrame &msg) { th
 #ifdef USE_ZWAVE_PROXY
 void APIServerConnection::on_z_wave_proxy_request(const ZWaveProxyRequest &msg) { this->zwave_proxy_request(msg); }
 #endif
+#ifdef USE_IR_RF
+void APIServerConnection::on_infrared_rf_transmit_raw_timings_request(const InfraredRFTransmitRawTimingsRequest &msg) {
+  this->infrared_rf_transmit_raw_timings(msg);
+}
+#endif
 
-void APIServerConnection::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, uint8_t *msg_data) {
+void APIServerConnection::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) {
   // Check authentication/connection requirements for messages
   switch (msg_type) {
-    case HelloRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE:  // No setup required
-#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-    case AuthenticationRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE:  // No setup required
-#endif
+    case HelloRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE:       // No setup required
     case DisconnectRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE:  // No setup required
     case PingRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE:        // No setup required
       break;                               // Skip all checks for these messages

esphome/components/api/api_pb2_service.h

@@ -12,24 +12,22 @@ class APIServerConnectionBase : public ProtoService {
  public:
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  protected:
-  void log_send_message_(const char *name, const std::string &dump);
+  void log_send_message_(const char *name, const char *dump);
+  void log_receive_message_(const LogString *name, const ProtoMessage &msg);
 
  public:
 #endif
 
   bool send_message(const ProtoMessage &msg, uint8_t message_type) {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-    this->log_send_message_(msg.message_name(), msg.dump());
+    DumpBuffer dump_buf;
+    this->log_send_message_(msg.message_name(), msg.dump_to(dump_buf));
 #endif
     return this->send_message_(msg, message_type);
   }
 
   virtual void on_hello_request(const HelloRequest &value){};
 
-#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-  virtual void on_authentication_request(const AuthenticationRequest &value){};
-#endif
-
   virtual void on_disconnect_request(const DisconnectRequest &value){};
   virtual void on_disconnect_response(const DisconnectResponse &value){};
   virtual void on_ping_request(const PingRequest &value){};
@@ -79,7 +77,7 @@ class APIServerConnectionBase : public ProtoService {
 
   virtual void on_get_time_response(const GetTimeResponse &value){};
 
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
   virtual void on_execute_service_request(const ExecuteServiceRequest &value){};
 #endif
 
@@ -91,6 +89,10 @@ class APIServerConnectionBase : public ProtoService {
   virtual void on_climate_command_request(const ClimateCommandRequest &value){};
 #endif
 
+#ifdef USE_WATER_HEATER
+  virtual void on_water_heater_command_request(const WaterHeaterCommandRequest &value){};
+#endif
+
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
   virtual void on_number_command_request(const NumberCommandRequest &value){};
 #endif
@@ -217,16 +219,18 @@ class APIServerConnectionBase : public ProtoService {
 #ifdef USE_ZWAVE_PROXY
   virtual void on_z_wave_proxy_request(const ZWaveProxyRequest &value){};
 #endif
+
+#ifdef USE_IR_RF
+  virtual void on_infrared_rf_transmit_raw_timings_request(const InfraredRFTransmitRawTimingsRequest &value){};
+#endif
+
  protected:
-  void read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, uint8_t *msg_data) override;
+  void read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) override;
 };
 
 class APIServerConnection : public APIServerConnectionBase {
  public:
   virtual bool send_hello_response(const HelloRequest &msg) = 0;
-#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-  virtual bool send_authenticate_response(const AuthenticationRequest &msg) = 0;
-#endif
   virtual bool send_disconnect_response(const DisconnectRequest &msg) = 0;
   virtual bool send_ping_response(const PingRequest &msg) = 0;
   virtual bool send_device_info_response(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) = 0;
@@ -239,7 +243,7 @@ class APIServerConnection : public APIServerConnectionBase {
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
   virtual void subscribe_home_assistant_states(const SubscribeHomeAssistantStatesRequest &msg) = 0;
 #endif
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
   virtual void execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &msg) = 0;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
@@ -350,12 +354,12 @@ class APIServerConnection : public APIServerConnectionBase {
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_ZWAVE_PROXY
   virtual void zwave_proxy_request(const ZWaveProxyRequest &msg) = 0;
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_IR_RF
+  virtual void infrared_rf_transmit_raw_timings(const InfraredRFTransmitRawTimingsRequest &msg) = 0;
 #endif
  protected:
   void on_hello_request(const HelloRequest &msg) override;
-#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-  void on_authentication_request(const AuthenticationRequest &msg) override;
-#endif
   void on_disconnect_request(const DisconnectRequest &msg) override;
   void on_ping_request(const PingRequest &msg) override;
   void on_device_info_request(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) override;
@@ -368,7 +372,7 @@ class APIServerConnection : public APIServerConnectionBase {
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
   void on_subscribe_home_assistant_states_request(const SubscribeHomeAssistantStatesRequest &msg) override;
 #endif
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
   void on_execute_service_request(const ExecuteServiceRequest &msg) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
@@ -480,7 +484,10 @@ class APIServerConnection : public APIServerConnectionBase {
 #ifdef USE_ZWAVE_PROXY
   void on_z_wave_proxy_request(const ZWaveProxyRequest &msg) override;
 #endif
-  void read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, uint8_t *msg_data) override;
+#ifdef USE_IR_RF
+  void on_infrared_rf_transmit_raw_timings_request(const InfraredRFTransmitRawTimingsRequest &msg) override;
+#endif
+  void read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::api

esphome/components/api/api_server.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "api_connection.h"
 #include "esphome/components/network/util.h"
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
+#include "esphome/core/controller_registry.h"
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ APIServer::APIServer() {
 }
 
 void APIServer::setup() {
-  this->setup_controller();
+  ControllerRegistry::register_controller(this);
 
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
   uint32_t hash = 88491486UL;
@@ -51,11 +52,6 @@ void APIServer::setup() {
 #endif
 #endif
 
-  // Schedule reboot if no clients connect within timeout
-  if (this->reboot_timeout_ != 0) {
-    this->schedule_reboot_timeout_();
-  }
-
   this->socket_ = socket::socket_ip_loop_monitored(SOCK_STREAM, 0);  // monitored for incoming connections
   if (this->socket_ == nullptr) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Could not create socket");
@@ -100,42 +96,22 @@ void APIServer::setup() {
 
 #ifdef USE_LOGGER
   if (logger::global_logger != nullptr) {
-    logger::global_logger->add_on_log_callback(
-        [this](int level, const char *tag, const char *message, size_t message_len) {
-          if (this->shutting_down_) {
-            // Don't try to send logs during shutdown
-            // as it could result in a recursion and
-            // we would be filling a buffer we are trying to clear
-            return;
-          }
-          for (auto &c : this->clients_) {
-            if (!c->flags_.remove && c->get_log_subscription_level() >= level)
-              c->try_send_log_message(level, tag, message, message_len);
-          }
-        });
+    logger::global_logger->add_log_listener(this);
   }
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_CAMERA
   if (camera::Camera::instance() != nullptr && !camera::Camera::instance()->is_internal()) {
-    camera::Camera::instance()->add_image_callback([this](const std::shared_ptr<camera::CameraImage> &image) {
-      for (auto &c : this->clients_) {
-        if (!c->flags_.remove)
-          c->set_camera_state(image);
-      }
-    });
+    camera::Camera::instance()->add_listener(this);
   }
 #endif
-}
 
-void APIServer::schedule_reboot_timeout_() {
-  this->status_set_warning();
-  this->set_timeout("api_reboot", this->reboot_timeout_, []() {
-    if (!global_api_server->is_connected()) {
-      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "No clients; rebooting");
-      App.reboot();
-    }
-  });
+  // Initialize last_connected_ for reboot timeout tracking
+  this->last_connected_ = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
+  // Set warning status if reboot timeout is enabled
+  if (this->reboot_timeout_ != 0) {
+    this->status_set_warning();
+  }
 }
 
 void APIServer::loop() {
@@ -149,29 +125,41 @@ void APIServer::loop() {
       if (!sock)
         break;
 
+      char peername[socket::SOCKADDR_STR_LEN];
+      sock->getpeername_to(peername);
+
       // Check if we're at the connection limit
       if (this->clients_.size() >= this->max_connections_) {
-        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Max connections (%d), rejecting %s", this->max_connections_, sock->getpeername().c_str());
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Max connections (%d), rejecting %s", this->max_connections_, peername);
         // Immediately close - socket destructor will handle cleanup
         sock.reset();
         continue;
       }
 
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Accept %s", sock->getpeername().c_str());
+      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Accept %s", peername);
 
       auto *conn = new APIConnection(std::move(sock), this);
       this->clients_.emplace_back(conn);
       conn->start();
 
-      // Clear warning status and cancel reboot when first client connects
+      // First client connected - clear warning and update timestamp
       if (this->clients_.size() == 1 && this->reboot_timeout_ != 0) {
         this->status_clear_warning();
-        this->cancel_timeout("api_reboot");
+        this->last_connected_ = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
       }
     }
   }
 
   if (this->clients_.empty()) {
+    // Check reboot timeout - done in loop to avoid scheduler heap churn
+    // (cancelled scheduler items sit in heap memory until their scheduled time)
+    if (this->reboot_timeout_ != 0) {
+      const uint32_t now = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
+      if (now - this->last_connected_ > this->reboot_timeout_) {
+        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "No clients; rebooting");
+        App.reboot();
+      }
+    }
     return;
   }
 
@@ -181,8 +169,7 @@ void APIServer::loop() {
     // Network is down - disconnect all clients
     for (auto &client : this->clients_) {
       client->on_fatal_error();
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s (%s): Network down; disconnect", client->client_info_.name.c_str(),
-               client->client_info_.peername.c_str());
+      client->log_client_(ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_WARN, LOG_STR("Network down; disconnect"));
     }
     // Continue to process and clean up the clients below
   }
@@ -199,10 +186,16 @@ void APIServer::loop() {
     }
 
     // Rare case: handle disconnection
-#ifdef USE_API_CLIENT_DISCONNECTED_TRIGGER
-    this->client_disconnected_trigger_->trigger(client->client_info_.name, client->client_info_.peername);
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
+    this->unregister_active_action_calls_for_connection(client.get());
+#endif
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Remove connection %s", client->get_name());
+
+#ifdef USE_API_CLIENT_DISCONNECTED_TRIGGER
+    // Save client info before removal for the trigger
+    std::string client_name(client->get_name());
+    std::string client_peername(client->get_peername());
 #endif
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Remove connection %s", client->client_info_.name.c_str());
 
     // Swap with the last element and pop (avoids expensive vector shifts)
     if (client_index < this->clients_.size() - 1) {
@@ -210,10 +203,16 @@ void APIServer::loop() {
     }
     this->clients_.pop_back();
 
-    // Schedule reboot when last client disconnects
+    // Last client disconnected - set warning and start tracking for reboot timeout
     if (this->clients_.empty() && this->reboot_timeout_ != 0) {
-      this->schedule_reboot_timeout_();
+      this->status_set_warning();
+      this->last_connected_ = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
     }
+
+#ifdef USE_API_CLIENT_DISCONNECTED_TRIGGER
+    // Fire trigger after client is removed so api.connected reflects the true state
+    this->client_disconnected_trigger_->trigger(client_name, client_peername);
+#endif
     // Don't increment client_index since we need to process the swapped element
   }
 }
@@ -226,8 +225,8 @@ void APIServer::dump_config() {
                 "  Max connections: %u",
                 network::get_use_address(), this->port_, this->listen_backlog_, this->max_connections_);
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Noise encryption: %s", YESNO(this->noise_ctx_->has_psk()));
-  if (!this->noise_ctx_->has_psk()) {
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Noise encryption: %s", YESNO(this->noise_ctx_.has_psk()));
+  if (!this->noise_ctx_.has_psk()) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Supports encryption: YES");
   }
 #else
@@ -235,41 +234,9 @@ void APIServer::dump_config() {
 #endif
 }
 
-#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-bool APIServer::check_password(const uint8_t *password_data, size_t password_len) const {
-  // depend only on input password length
-  const char *a = this->password_.c_str();
-  uint32_t len_a = this->password_.length();
-  const char *b = reinterpret_cast<const char *>(password_data);
-  uint32_t len_b = password_len;
-
-  // disable optimization with volatile
-  volatile uint32_t length = len_b;
-  volatile const char *left = nullptr;
-  volatile const char *right = b;
-  uint8_t result = 0;
-
-  if (len_a == length) {
-    left = *((volatile const char **) &a);
-    result = 0;
-  }
-  if (len_a != length) {
-    left = b;
-    result = 1;
-  }
-
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-    result |= *left++ ^ *right++;  // NOLINT
-  }
-
-  return result == 0;
-}
-
-#endif
-
 void APIServer::handle_disconnect(APIConnection *conn) {}
 
-// Macro for entities without extra parameters
+// Macro for controller update dispatch
 #define API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(entity_type, entity_name) \
   void APIServer::on_##entity_name##_update(entity_type *obj) { /* NOLINT(bugprone-macro-parentheses) */ \
     if (obj->is_internal()) \
@@ -278,15 +245,6 @@ void APIServer::handle_disconnect(APIConnection *conn) {}
       c->send_##entity_name##_state(obj); \
   }
 
-// Macro for entities with extra parameters (but parameters not used in send)
-#define API_DISPATCH_UPDATE_IGNORE_PARAMS(entity_type, entity_name, ...) \
-  void APIServer::on_##entity_name##_update(entity_type *obj, __VA_ARGS__) { /* NOLINT(bugprone-macro-parentheses) */ \
-    if (obj->is_internal()) \
-      return; \
-    for (auto &c : this->clients_) \
-      c->send_##entity_name##_state(obj); \
-  }
-
 #ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
 API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(binary_sensor::BinarySensor, binary_sensor)
 #endif
@@ -304,15 +262,15 @@ API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(light::LightState, light)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
-API_DISPATCH_UPDATE_IGNORE_PARAMS(sensor::Sensor, sensor, float state)
+API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(sensor::Sensor, sensor)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_SWITCH
-API_DISPATCH_UPDATE_IGNORE_PARAMS(switch_::Switch, switch, bool state)
+API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(switch_::Switch, switch)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
-API_DISPATCH_UPDATE_IGNORE_PARAMS(text_sensor::TextSensor, text_sensor, const std::string &state)
+API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(text_sensor::TextSensor, text_sensor)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_CLIMATE
@@ -320,7 +278,7 @@ API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(climate::Climate, climate)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
-API_DISPATCH_UPDATE_IGNORE_PARAMS(number::Number, number, float state)
+API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(number::Number, number)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_DATETIME_DATE
@@ -336,11 +294,11 @@ API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(datetime::DateTimeEntity, datetime)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_TEXT
-API_DISPATCH_UPDATE_IGNORE_PARAMS(text::Text, text, const std::string &state)
+API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(text::Text, text)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
-API_DISPATCH_UPDATE_IGNORE_PARAMS(select::Select, select, const std::string &state, size_t index)
+API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(select::Select, select)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_LOCK
@@ -355,13 +313,18 @@ API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(valve::Valve, valve)
 API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(media_player::MediaPlayer, media_player)
 #endif
 
+#ifdef USE_WATER_HEATER
+API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(water_heater::WaterHeater, water_heater)
+#endif
+
 #ifdef USE_EVENT
-// Event is a special case - it's the only entity that passes extra parameters to the send method
-void APIServer::on_event(event::Event *obj, const std::string &event_type) {
+// Event is a special case - unlike other entities with simple state fields,
+// events store their state in a member accessed via obj->get_last_event_type()
+void APIServer::on_event(event::Event *obj) {
   if (obj->is_internal())
     return;
   for (auto &c : this->clients_)
-    c->send_event(obj, event_type);
+    c->send_event(obj, obj->get_last_event_type());
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -384,6 +347,21 @@ void APIServer::on_zwave_proxy_request(const esphome::api::ProtoMessage &msg) {
 }
 #endif
 
+#ifdef USE_IR_RF
+void APIServer::send_infrared_rf_receive_event([[maybe_unused]] uint32_t device_id, uint32_t key,
+                                               const std::vector<int32_t> *timings) {
+  InfraredRFReceiveEvent resp{};
+#ifdef USE_DEVICES
+  resp.device_id = device_id;
+#endif
+  resp.key = key;
+  resp.timings = timings;
+
+  for (auto &c : this->clients_)
+    c->send_infrared_rf_receive_event(resp);
+}
+#endif
+
 #ifdef USE_ALARM_CONTROL_PANEL
 API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(alarm_control_panel::AlarmControlPanel, alarm_control_panel)
 #endif
@@ -392,10 +370,6 @@ float APIServer::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::AFTER_WIFI;
 
 void APIServer::set_port(uint16_t port) { this->port_ = port; }
 
-#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-void APIServer::set_password(const std::string &password) { this->password_ = password; }
-#endif
-
 void APIServer::set_batch_delay(uint16_t batch_delay) { this->batch_delay_ = batch_delay; }
 
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_SERVICES
@@ -409,7 +383,7 @@ void APIServer::register_action_response_callback(uint32_t call_id, ActionRespon
   this->action_response_callbacks_.push_back({call_id, std::move(callback)});
 }
 
-void APIServer::handle_action_response(uint32_t call_id, bool success, const std::string &error_message) {
+void APIServer::handle_action_response(uint32_t call_id, bool success, StringRef error_message) {
   for (auto it = this->action_response_callbacks_.begin(); it != this->action_response_callbacks_.end(); ++it) {
     if (it->call_id == call_id) {
       auto callback = std::move(it->callback);
@@ -421,7 +395,7 @@ void APIServer::handle_action_response(uint32_t call_id, bool success, const std
   }
 }
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
-void APIServer::handle_action_response(uint32_t call_id, bool success, const std::string &error_message,
+void APIServer::handle_action_response(uint32_t call_id, bool success, StringRef error_message,
                                        const uint8_t *response_data, size_t response_data_len) {
   for (auto it = this->action_response_callbacks_.begin(); it != this->action_response_callbacks_.end(); ++it) {
     if (it->call_id == call_id) {
@@ -438,25 +412,76 @@ void APIServer::handle_action_response(uint32_t call_id, bool success, const std
 #endif  // USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_SERVICES
 
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
-void APIServer::subscribe_home_assistant_state(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
-                                               std::function<void(std::string)> f) {
+// Helper to add subscription (reduces duplication)
+void APIServer::add_state_subscription_(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute, std::function<void(StringRef)> f,
+                                        bool once) {
   this->state_subs_.push_back(HomeAssistantStateSubscription{
-      .entity_id = std::move(entity_id),
-      .attribute = std::move(attribute),
-      .callback = std::move(f),
-      .once = false,
+      .entity_id = entity_id, .attribute = attribute, .callback = std::move(f), .once = once,
+      // entity_id_dynamic_storage and attribute_dynamic_storage remain nullptr (no heap allocation)
   });
 }
 
+// Helper to add subscription with heap-allocated strings (reduces duplication)
+void APIServer::add_state_subscription_(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
+                                        std::function<void(StringRef)> f, bool once) {
+  HomeAssistantStateSubscription sub;
+  // Allocate heap storage for the strings
+  sub.entity_id_dynamic_storage = std::make_unique<std::string>(std::move(entity_id));
+  sub.entity_id = sub.entity_id_dynamic_storage->c_str();
+
+  if (attribute.has_value()) {
+    sub.attribute_dynamic_storage = std::make_unique<std::string>(std::move(attribute.value()));
+    sub.attribute = sub.attribute_dynamic_storage->c_str();
+  } else {
+    sub.attribute = nullptr;
+  }
+
+  sub.callback = std::move(f);
+  sub.once = once;
+  this->state_subs_.push_back(std::move(sub));
+}
+
+// New const char* overload (for internal components - zero allocation)
+void APIServer::subscribe_home_assistant_state(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute,
+                                               std::function<void(StringRef)> f) {
+  this->add_state_subscription_(entity_id, attribute, std::move(f), false);
+}
+
+void APIServer::get_home_assistant_state(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute,
+                                         std::function<void(StringRef)> f) {
+  this->add_state_subscription_(entity_id, attribute, std::move(f), true);
+}
+
+// std::string overload with StringRef callback (zero-allocation callback)
+void APIServer::subscribe_home_assistant_state(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
+                                               std::function<void(StringRef)> f) {
+  this->add_state_subscription_(std::move(entity_id), std::move(attribute), std::move(f), false);
+}
+
 void APIServer::get_home_assistant_state(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
-                                         std::function<void(std::string)> f) {
-  this->state_subs_.push_back(HomeAssistantStateSubscription{
-      .entity_id = std::move(entity_id),
-      .attribute = std::move(attribute),
-      .callback = std::move(f),
-      .once = true,
-  });
-};
+                                         std::function<void(StringRef)> f) {
+  this->add_state_subscription_(std::move(entity_id), std::move(attribute), std::move(f), true);
+}
+
+// Legacy helper: wraps std::string callback and delegates to StringRef version
+void APIServer::add_state_subscription_(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
+                                        std::function<void(const std::string &)> f, bool once) {
+  // Wrap callback to convert StringRef -> std::string, then delegate
+  this->add_state_subscription_(std::move(entity_id), std::move(attribute),
+                                std::function<void(StringRef)>([f = std::move(f)](StringRef state) { f(state.str()); }),
+                                once);
+}
+
+// Legacy std::string overload (for custom_api_device.h - converts StringRef to std::string)
+void APIServer::subscribe_home_assistant_state(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
+                                               std::function<void(const std::string &)> f) {
+  this->add_state_subscription_(std::move(entity_id), std::move(attribute), std::move(f), false);
+}
+
+void APIServer::get_home_assistant_state(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
+                                         std::function<void(const std::string &)> f) {
+  this->add_state_subscription_(std::move(entity_id), std::move(attribute), std::move(f), true);
+}
 
 const std::vector<APIServer::HomeAssistantStateSubscription> &APIServer::get_state_subs() const {
   return this->state_subs_;
@@ -500,7 +525,7 @@ bool APIServer::save_noise_psk(psk_t psk, bool make_active) {
   ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Key set in YAML");
   return false;
 #else
-  auto &old_psk = this->noise_ctx_->get_psk();
+  auto &old_psk = this->noise_ctx_.get_psk();
   if (std::equal(old_psk.begin(), old_psk.end(), psk.begin())) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "New PSK matches old");
     return true;
@@ -535,7 +560,42 @@ void APIServer::request_time() {
 }
 #endif
 
-bool APIServer::is_connected() const { return !this->clients_.empty(); }
+bool APIServer::is_connected(bool state_subscription_only) const {
+  if (!state_subscription_only) {
+    return !this->clients_.empty();
+  }
+
+  for (const auto &client : this->clients_) {
+    if (client->flags_.state_subscription) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+#ifdef USE_LOGGER
+void APIServer::on_log(uint8_t level, const char *tag, const char *message, size_t message_len) {
+  if (this->shutting_down_) {
+    // Don't try to send logs during shutdown
+    // as it could result in a recursion and
+    // we would be filling a buffer we are trying to clear
+    return;
+  }
+  for (auto &c : this->clients_) {
+    if (!c->flags_.remove && c->get_log_subscription_level() >= level)
+      c->try_send_log_message(level, tag, message, message_len);
+  }
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef USE_CAMERA
+void APIServer::on_camera_image(const std::shared_ptr<camera::CameraImage> &image) {
+  for (auto &c : this->clients_) {
+    if (!c->flags_.remove)
+      c->set_camera_state(image);
+  }
+}
+#endif
 
 void APIServer::on_shutdown() {
   this->shutting_down_ = true;
@@ -572,5 +632,84 @@ bool APIServer::teardown() {
   return this->clients_.empty();
 }
 
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
+// Timeout for action calls - matches aioesphomeapi client timeout (default 30s)
+// Can be overridden via USE_API_ACTION_CALL_TIMEOUT_MS define for testing
+#ifndef USE_API_ACTION_CALL_TIMEOUT_MS
+#define USE_API_ACTION_CALL_TIMEOUT_MS 30000  // NOLINT
+#endif
+
+uint32_t APIServer::register_active_action_call(uint32_t client_call_id, APIConnection *conn) {
+  uint32_t action_call_id = this->next_action_call_id_++;
+  // Handle wraparound (skip 0 as it means "no call")
+  if (this->next_action_call_id_ == 0) {
+    this->next_action_call_id_ = 1;
+  }
+  this->active_action_calls_.push_back({action_call_id, client_call_id, conn});
+
+  // Schedule automatic cleanup after timeout (client will have given up by then)
+  this->set_timeout(str_sprintf("action_call_%u", action_call_id), USE_API_ACTION_CALL_TIMEOUT_MS,
+                    [this, action_call_id]() {
+                      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Action call %u timed out", action_call_id);
+                      this->unregister_active_action_call(action_call_id);
+                    });
+
+  return action_call_id;
+}
+
+void APIServer::unregister_active_action_call(uint32_t action_call_id) {
+  // Cancel the timeout for this action call
+  this->cancel_timeout(str_sprintf("action_call_%u", action_call_id));
+
+  // Swap-and-pop is more efficient than remove_if for unordered vectors
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < this->active_action_calls_.size(); i++) {
+    if (this->active_action_calls_[i].action_call_id == action_call_id) {
+      std::swap(this->active_action_calls_[i], this->active_action_calls_.back());
+      this->active_action_calls_.pop_back();
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void APIServer::unregister_active_action_calls_for_connection(APIConnection *conn) {
+  // Remove all active action calls for disconnected connection using swap-and-pop
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < this->active_action_calls_.size();) {
+    if (this->active_action_calls_[i].connection == conn) {
+      // Cancel the timeout for this action call
+      this->cancel_timeout(str_sprintf("action_call_%u", this->active_action_calls_[i].action_call_id));
+
+      std::swap(this->active_action_calls_[i], this->active_action_calls_.back());
+      this->active_action_calls_.pop_back();
+      // Don't increment i - need to check the swapped element
+    } else {
+      i++;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void APIServer::send_action_response(uint32_t action_call_id, bool success, StringRef error_message) {
+  for (auto &call : this->active_action_calls_) {
+    if (call.action_call_id == action_call_id) {
+      call.connection->send_execute_service_response(call.client_call_id, success, error_message);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Cannot send response: no active call found for action_call_id %u", action_call_id);
+}
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
+void APIServer::send_action_response(uint32_t action_call_id, bool success, StringRef error_message,
+                                     const uint8_t *response_data, size_t response_data_len) {
+  for (auto &call : this->active_action_calls_) {
+    if (call.action_call_id == action_call_id) {
+      call.connection->send_execute_service_response(call.client_call_id, success, error_message, response_data,
+                                                     response_data_len);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Cannot send response: no active call found for action_call_id %u", action_call_id);
+}
+#endif  // USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
+#endif  // USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
+
 }  // namespace esphome::api
 #endif

esphome/components/api/api_server.h

@@ -10,24 +10,42 @@
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/controller.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
+#include "esphome/core/string_ref.h"
 #include "list_entities.h"
 #include "subscribe_state.h"
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
-#include "user_services.h"
+#ifdef USE_LOGGER
+#include "esphome/components/logger/logger.h"
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_CAMERA
+#include "esphome/components/camera/camera.h"
 #endif
 
-#include <map>
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace esphome::api {
 
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
+// Forward declaration - full definition in user_services.h
+class UserServiceDescriptor;
+#endif
+
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
 struct SavedNoisePsk {
   psk_t psk;
 } PACKED;  // NOLINT
 #endif
 
-class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
+class APIServer : public Component,
+                  public Controller
+#ifdef USE_LOGGER
+    ,
+                  public logger::LogListener
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_CAMERA
+    ,
+                  public camera::CameraListener
+#endif
+{
  public:
   APIServer();
   void setup() override;
@@ -37,9 +55,11 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
   void dump_config() override;
   void on_shutdown() override;
   bool teardown() override;
-#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-  bool check_password(const uint8_t *password_data, size_t password_len) const;
-  void set_password(const std::string &password);
+#ifdef USE_LOGGER
+  void on_log(uint8_t level, const char *tag, const char *message, size_t message_len) override;
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_CAMERA
+  void on_camera_image(const std::shared_ptr<camera::CameraImage> &image) override;
 #endif
   void set_port(uint16_t port);
   void set_reboot_timeout(uint32_t reboot_timeout);
@@ -54,8 +74,8 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
   bool save_noise_psk(psk_t psk, bool make_active = true);
   bool clear_noise_psk(bool make_active = true);
-  void set_noise_psk(psk_t psk) { noise_ctx_->set_psk(psk); }
-  std::shared_ptr<APINoiseContext> get_noise_ctx() { return noise_ctx_; }
+  void set_noise_psk(psk_t psk) { this->noise_ctx_.set_psk(psk); }
+  APINoiseContext &get_noise_ctx() { return this->noise_ctx_; }
 #endif  // USE_API_NOISE
 
   void handle_disconnect(APIConnection *conn);
@@ -72,19 +92,19 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
   void on_light_update(light::LightState *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
-  void on_sensor_update(sensor::Sensor *obj, float state) override;
+  void on_sensor_update(sensor::Sensor *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SWITCH
-  void on_switch_update(switch_::Switch *obj, bool state) override;
+  void on_switch_update(switch_::Switch *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
-  void on_text_sensor_update(text_sensor::TextSensor *obj, const std::string &state) override;
+  void on_text_sensor_update(text_sensor::TextSensor *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_CLIMATE
   void on_climate_update(climate::Climate *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
-  void on_number_update(number::Number *obj, float state) override;
+  void on_number_update(number::Number *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_DATETIME_DATE
   void on_date_update(datetime::DateEntity *obj) override;
@@ -96,10 +116,10 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
   void on_datetime_update(datetime::DateTimeEntity *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_TEXT
-  void on_text_update(text::Text *obj, const std::string &state) override;
+  void on_text_update(text::Text *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
-  void on_select_update(select::Select *obj, const std::string &state, size_t index) override;
+  void on_select_update(select::Select *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_LOCK
   void on_lock_update(lock::Lock *obj) override;
@@ -110,6 +130,9 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
 #ifdef USE_MEDIA_PLAYER
   void on_media_player_update(media_player::MediaPlayer *obj) override;
 #endif
+#ifdef USE_WATER_HEATER
+  void on_water_heater_update(water_heater::WaterHeater *obj) override;
+#endif
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_SERVICES
   void send_homeassistant_action(const HomeassistantActionRequest &call);
 
@@ -117,14 +140,14 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
   // Action response handling
   using ActionResponseCallback = std::function<void(const class ActionResponse &)>;
   void register_action_response_callback(uint32_t call_id, ActionResponseCallback callback);
-  void handle_action_response(uint32_t call_id, bool success, const std::string &error_message);
+  void handle_action_response(uint32_t call_id, bool success, StringRef error_message);
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
-  void handle_action_response(uint32_t call_id, bool success, const std::string &error_message,
-                              const uint8_t *response_data, size_t response_data_len);
+  void handle_action_response(uint32_t call_id, bool success, StringRef error_message, const uint8_t *response_data,
+                              size_t response_data_len);
 #endif  // USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
 #endif  // USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES
 #endif  // USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_SERVICES
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
   void initialize_user_services(std::initializer_list<UserServiceDescriptor *> services) {
     this->user_services_.assign(services);
   }
@@ -132,6 +155,19 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
   // Only compile push_back method when custom_services: true (external components)
   void register_user_service(UserServiceDescriptor *descriptor) { this->user_services_.push_back(descriptor); }
 #endif
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
+  // Action call context management - supports concurrent calls from multiple clients
+  // Returns server-generated action_call_id to avoid collisions when clients use same call_id
+  uint32_t register_active_action_call(uint32_t client_call_id, APIConnection *conn);
+  void unregister_active_action_call(uint32_t action_call_id);
+  void unregister_active_action_calls_for_connection(APIConnection *conn);
+  // Send response for a specific action call (uses action_call_id, sends client_call_id in response)
+  void send_action_response(uint32_t action_call_id, bool success, StringRef error_message);
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
+  void send_action_response(uint32_t action_call_id, bool success, StringRef error_message,
+                            const uint8_t *response_data, size_t response_data_len);
+#endif  // USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
+#endif  // USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_HOMEASSISTANT_TIME
   void request_time();
@@ -141,7 +177,7 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
   void on_alarm_control_panel_update(alarm_control_panel::AlarmControlPanel *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_EVENT
-  void on_event(event::Event *obj, const std::string &event_type) override;
+  void on_event(event::Event *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_UPDATE
   void on_update(update::UpdateEntity *obj) override;
@@ -149,24 +185,44 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
 #ifdef USE_ZWAVE_PROXY
   void on_zwave_proxy_request(const esphome::api::ProtoMessage &msg);
 #endif
+#ifdef USE_IR_RF
+  void send_infrared_rf_receive_event(uint32_t device_id, uint32_t key, const std::vector<int32_t> *timings);
+#endif
 
-  bool is_connected() const;
+  bool is_connected(bool state_subscription_only = false) const;
 
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
   struct HomeAssistantStateSubscription {
-    std::string entity_id;
-    optional<std::string> attribute;
-    std::function<void(std::string)> callback;
+    const char *entity_id;  // Pointer to flash (internal) or heap (external)
+    const char *attribute;  // Pointer to flash or nullptr (nullptr means no attribute)
+    std::function<void(StringRef)> callback;
     bool once;
+
+    // Dynamic storage for external components using std::string API (custom_api_device.h)
+    // These are only allocated when using the std::string overload (nullptr for const char* overload)
+    std::unique_ptr<std::string> entity_id_dynamic_storage;
+    std::unique_ptr<std::string> attribute_dynamic_storage;
   };
 
+  // New const char* overload (for internal components - zero allocation)
+  void subscribe_home_assistant_state(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute, std::function<void(StringRef)> f);
+  void get_home_assistant_state(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute, std::function<void(StringRef)> f);
+
+  // std::string overload with StringRef callback (for custom_api_device.h with zero-allocation callback)
   void subscribe_home_assistant_state(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
-                                      std::function<void(std::string)> f);
+                                      std::function<void(StringRef)> f);
   void get_home_assistant_state(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
-                                std::function<void(std::string)> f);
+                                std::function<void(StringRef)> f);
+
+  // Legacy std::string overload (for custom_api_device.h - converts StringRef to std::string for callback)
+  void subscribe_home_assistant_state(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
+                                      std::function<void(const std::string &)> f);
+  void get_home_assistant_state(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
+                                std::function<void(const std::string &)> f);
+
   const std::vector<HomeAssistantStateSubscription> &get_state_subs() const;
 #endif
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
   const std::vector<UserServiceDescriptor *> &get_user_services() const { return this->user_services_; }
 #endif
 
@@ -180,11 +236,20 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
 #endif
 
  protected:
-  void schedule_reboot_timeout_();
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
   bool update_noise_psk_(const SavedNoisePsk &new_psk, const LogString *save_log_msg, const LogString *fail_log_msg,
                          const psk_t &active_psk, bool make_active);
 #endif  // USE_API_NOISE
+#ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
+  // Helper methods to reduce code duplication
+  void add_state_subscription_(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute, std::function<void(StringRef)> f,
+                               bool once);
+  void add_state_subscription_(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute, std::function<void(StringRef)> f,
+                               bool once);
+  // Legacy helper: wraps std::string callback and delegates to StringRef version
+  void add_state_subscription_(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
+                               std::function<void(const std::string &)> f, bool once);
+#endif  // USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
   // Pointers and pointer-like types first (4 bytes each)
   std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> socket_ = nullptr;
 #ifdef USE_API_CLIENT_CONNECTED_TRIGGER
@@ -196,18 +261,27 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
 
   // 4-byte aligned types
   uint32_t reboot_timeout_{300000};
+  uint32_t last_connected_{0};
 
   // Vectors and strings (12 bytes each on 32-bit)
   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<APIConnection>> clients_;
-#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-  std::string password_;
-#endif
   std::vector<uint8_t> shared_write_buffer_;  // Shared proto write buffer for all connections
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
   std::vector<HomeAssistantStateSubscription> state_subs_;
 #endif
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
   std::vector<UserServiceDescriptor *> user_services_;
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
+  // Active action calls - supports concurrent calls from multiple clients
+  // Uses server-generated action_call_id to avoid collisions when multiple clients use same call_id
+  struct ActiveActionCall {
+    uint32_t action_call_id;  // Server-generated unique ID (passed to actions)
+    uint32_t client_call_id;  // Client's original call_id (used in response)
+    APIConnection *connection;
+  };
+  std::vector<ActiveActionCall> active_action_calls_;
+  uint32_t next_action_call_id_{1};  // Counter for generating unique action_call_ids
+#endif                               // USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES
   struct PendingActionResponse {
@@ -228,7 +302,7 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
   // 7 bytes used, 1 byte padding
 
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
-  std::shared_ptr<APINoiseContext> noise_ctx_ = std::make_shared<APINoiseContext>();
+  APINoiseContext noise_ctx_;
   ESPPreferenceObject noise_pref_;
 #endif  // USE_API_NOISE
 };
@@ -236,8 +310,11 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
 extern APIServer *global_api_server;  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-const-global-variables)
 
 template<typename... Ts> class APIConnectedCondition : public Condition<Ts...> {
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(bool, state_subscription_only)
  public:
-  bool check(const Ts &...x) override { return global_api_server->is_connected(); }
+  bool check(const Ts &...x) override {
+    return global_api_server->is_connected(this->state_subscription_only_.value(x...));
+  }
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::api

esphome/components/api/client.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ with warnings.catch_warnings():
 
 import contextlib
 
-from esphome.const import CONF_KEY, CONF_PASSWORD, CONF_PORT, __version__
+from esphome.const import CONF_KEY, CONF_PORT, __version__
 from esphome.core import CORE
 
 from . import CONF_ENCRYPTION
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ async def async_run_logs(config: dict[str, Any], addresses: list[str]) -> None:
     conf = config["api"]
     name = config["esphome"]["name"]
     port: int = int(conf[CONF_PORT])
-    password: str = conf[CONF_PASSWORD]
     noise_psk: str | None = None
     if (encryption := conf.get(CONF_ENCRYPTION)) and (key := encryption.get(CONF_KEY)):
         noise_psk = key
@@ -50,7 +49,7 @@ async def async_run_logs(config: dict[str, Any], addresses: list[str]) -> None:
     cli = APIClient(
         addresses[0],  # Primary address for compatibility
         port,
-        password,
+        "",  # Password auth removed in 2026.1.0
         client_info=f"ESPHome Logs {__version__}",
         noise_psk=noise_psk,
         addresses=addresses,  # Pass all addresses for automatic retry

esphome/components/api/custom_api_device.h

@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
 #include <map>
 #include "api_server.h"
 #ifdef USE_API
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
 #include "user_services.h"
 #endif
 namespace esphome::api {
 
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
 template<typename T, typename... Ts> class CustomAPIDeviceService : public UserServiceDynamic<Ts...> {
  public:
   CustomAPIDeviceService(const std::string &name, const std::array<std::string, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names, T *obj,
@@ -16,12 +16,15 @@ template<typename T, typename... Ts> class CustomAPIDeviceService : public UserS
       : UserServiceDynamic<Ts...>(name, arg_names), obj_(obj), callback_(callback) {}
 
  protected:
-  void execute(Ts... x) override { (this->obj_->*this->callback_)(x...); }  // NOLINT
+  // CustomAPIDevice services don't support action responses - ignore call_id and return_response
+  void execute(uint32_t /*call_id*/, bool /*return_response*/, Ts... x) override {
+    (this->obj_->*this->callback_)(x...);  // NOLINT
+  }
 
   T *obj_;
   void (T::*callback_)(Ts...);
 };
-#endif  // USE_API_SERVICES
+#endif  // USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
 
 class CustomAPIDevice {
  public:
@@ -49,7 +52,7 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
    * @param name The name of the service to register.
    * @param arg_names The name of the arguments for the service, must match the arguments of the function.
    */
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
   template<typename T, typename... Ts>
   void register_service(void (T::*callback)(Ts...), const std::string &name,
                         const std::array<std::string, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names) {
@@ -90,7 +93,7 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
    * @param callback The member function to call when the service is triggered.
    * @param name The name of the arguments for the service, must match the arguments of the function.
    */
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
   template<typename T> void register_service(void (T::*callback)(), const std::string &name) {
 #ifdef USE_API_CUSTOM_SERVICES
     auto *service = new CustomAPIDeviceService<T>(name, {}, (T *) this, callback);  // NOLINT
@@ -119,21 +122,36 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
    *   subscribe_homeassistant_state(&CustomNativeAPI::on_state_changed, "climate.kitchen", "current_temperature");
    * }
    *
-   * void on_state_changed(std::string state) {
-   *   // State of sensor.weather_forecast is `state`
+   * void on_state_changed(StringRef state) {
+   *   // State of climate.kitchen current_temperature is `state`
+   *   // Use state.c_str() for C string, state.str() for std::string
    * }
    * ```
    *
    * @tparam T The class type creating the service, automatically deduced from the function pointer.
-   * @param callback The member function to call when the entity state changes.
+   * @param callback The member function to call when the entity state changes (zero-allocation).
    * @param entity_id The entity_id to track.
    * @param attribute The entity state attribute to track.
    */
   template<typename T>
+  void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(StringRef), const std::string &entity_id,
+                                     const std::string &attribute = "") {
+    auto f = std::bind(callback, (T *) this, std::placeholders::_1);
+    global_api_server->subscribe_home_assistant_state(entity_id, optional<std::string>(attribute), std::move(f));
+  }
+
+  /** Subscribe to the state (or attribute state) of an entity from Home Assistant (legacy std::string version).
+   *
+   * @deprecated Use the StringRef overload for zero-allocation callbacks. Will be removed in 2027.1.0.
+   */
+  template<typename T>
+  ESPDEPRECATED("Use void callback(StringRef) instead. Will be removed in 2027.1.0.", "2026.1.0")
   void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(std::string), const std::string &entity_id,
                                      const std::string &attribute = "") {
     auto f = std::bind(callback, (T *) this, std::placeholders::_1);
-    global_api_server->subscribe_home_assistant_state(entity_id, optional<std::string>(attribute), f);
+    // Explicit type to disambiguate overload resolution
+    global_api_server->subscribe_home_assistant_state(entity_id, optional<std::string>(attribute),
+                                                      std::function<void(const std::string &)>(f));
   }
 
   /** Subscribe to the state (or attribute state) of an entity from Home Assistant.
@@ -145,23 +163,45 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
    *   subscribe_homeassistant_state(&CustomNativeAPI::on_state_changed, "sensor.weather_forecast");
    * }
    *
-   * void on_state_changed(std::string entity_id, std::string state) {
+   * void on_state_changed(const std::string &entity_id, StringRef state) {
    *   // State of `entity_id` is `state`
    * }
    * ```
    *
    * @tparam T The class type creating the service, automatically deduced from the function pointer.
-   * @param callback The member function to call when the entity state changes.
+   * @param callback The member function to call when the entity state changes (zero-allocation for state).
    * @param entity_id The entity_id to track.
    * @param attribute The entity state attribute to track.
    */
   template<typename T>
+  void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(const std::string &, StringRef), const std::string &entity_id,
+                                     const std::string &attribute = "") {
+    auto f = std::bind(callback, (T *) this, entity_id, std::placeholders::_1);
+    global_api_server->subscribe_home_assistant_state(entity_id, optional<std::string>(attribute), std::move(f));
+  }
+
+  /** Subscribe to the state (or attribute state) of an entity from Home Assistant (legacy std::string version).
+   *
+   * @deprecated Use the StringRef overload for zero-allocation callbacks. Will be removed in 2027.1.0.
+   */
+  template<typename T>
+  ESPDEPRECATED("Use void callback(const std::string &, StringRef) instead. Will be removed in 2027.1.0.", "2026.1.0")
   void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(std::string, std::string), const std::string &entity_id,
                                      const std::string &attribute = "") {
     auto f = std::bind(callback, (T *) this, entity_id, std::placeholders::_1);
-    global_api_server->subscribe_home_assistant_state(entity_id, optional<std::string>(attribute), f);
+    // Explicit type to disambiguate overload resolution
+    global_api_server->subscribe_home_assistant_state(entity_id, optional<std::string>(attribute),
+                                                      std::function<void(const std::string &)>(f));
   }
 #else
+  template<typename T>
+  void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(StringRef), const std::string &entity_id,
+                                     const std::string &attribute = "") {
+    static_assert(sizeof(T) == 0,
+                  "subscribe_homeassistant_state() requires 'homeassistant_states: true' in the 'api:' section "
+                  "of your YAML configuration");
+  }
+
   template<typename T>
   void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(std::string), const std::string &entity_id,
                                      const std::string &attribute = "") {
@@ -170,6 +210,14 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
                   "of your YAML configuration");
   }
 
+  template<typename T>
+  void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(const std::string &, StringRef), const std::string &entity_id,
+                                     const std::string &attribute = "") {
+    static_assert(sizeof(T) == 0,
+                  "subscribe_homeassistant_state() requires 'homeassistant_states: true' in the 'api:' section "
+                  "of your YAML configuration");
+  }
+
   template<typename T>
   void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(std::string, std::string), const std::string &entity_id,
                                      const std::string &attribute = "") {
@@ -192,7 +240,7 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
    */
   void call_homeassistant_service(const std::string &service_name) {
     HomeassistantActionRequest resp;
-    resp.set_service(StringRef(service_name));
+    resp.service = StringRef(service_name);
     global_api_server->send_homeassistant_action(resp);
   }
 
@@ -212,12 +260,12 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
    */
   void call_homeassistant_service(const std::string &service_name, const std::map<std::string, std::string> &data) {
     HomeassistantActionRequest resp;
-    resp.set_service(StringRef(service_name));
+    resp.service = StringRef(service_name);
     resp.data.init(data.size());
     for (auto &it : data) {
       auto &kv = resp.data.emplace_back();
-      kv.set_key(StringRef(it.first));
-      kv.value = it.second;
+      kv.key = StringRef(it.first);
+      kv.value = StringRef(it.second);  // data map lives until send completes
     }
     global_api_server->send_homeassistant_action(resp);
   }
@@ -234,7 +282,7 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
    */
   void fire_homeassistant_event(const std::string &event_name) {
     HomeassistantActionRequest resp;
-    resp.set_service(StringRef(event_name));
+    resp.service = StringRef(event_name);
     resp.is_event = true;
     global_api_server->send_homeassistant_action(resp);
   }
@@ -254,13 +302,13 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
    */
   void fire_homeassistant_event(const std::string &service_name, const std::map<std::string, std::string> &data) {
     HomeassistantActionRequest resp;
-    resp.set_service(StringRef(service_name));
+    resp.service = StringRef(service_name);
     resp.is_event = true;
     resp.data.init(data.size());
     for (auto &it : data) {
       auto &kv = resp.data.emplace_back();
-      kv.set_key(StringRef(it.first));
-      kv.value = it.second;
+      kv.key = StringRef(it.first);
+      kv.value = StringRef(it.second);  // data map lives until send completes
     }
     global_api_server->send_homeassistant_action(resp);
   }

esphome/components/api/homeassistant_service.h

@@ -12,10 +12,17 @@
 #endif
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
+#include "esphome/core/string_ref.h"
 
 namespace esphome::api {
 
 template<typename... X> class TemplatableStringValue : public TemplatableValue<std::string, X...> {
+  // Verify that const char* uses the base class STATIC_STRING optimization (no heap allocation)
+  // rather than being wrapped in a lambda. The base class constructor for const char* is more
+  // specialized than the templated constructor here, so it should be selected.
+  static_assert(std::is_constructible_v<TemplatableValue<std::string, X...>, const char *>,
+                "Base class must have const char* constructor for STATIC_STRING optimization");
+
  private:
   // Helper to convert value to string - handles the case where value is already a string
   template<typename T> static std::string value_to_string(T &&val) { return to_string(std::forward<T>(val)); }
@@ -46,23 +53,25 @@ template<typename... Ts> class TemplatableKeyValuePair {
 
   // Keys are always string literals from YAML dictionary keys (e.g., "code", "event")
   // and never templatable values or lambdas. Only the value parameter can be a lambda/template.
-  // Using pass-by-value with std::move allows optimal performance for both lvalues and rvalues.
-  template<typename T> TemplatableKeyValuePair(std::string key, T value) : key(std::move(key)), value(value) {}
+  // Using const char* avoids std::string heap allocation - keys remain in flash.
+  template<typename T> TemplatableKeyValuePair(const char *key, T value) : key(key), value(value) {}
 
-  std::string key;
+  const char *key{nullptr};
   TemplatableStringValue<Ts...> value;
 };
 
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES
 // Represents the response data from a Home Assistant action
+// Note: This class holds a StringRef to the error_message from the protobuf message.
+// The protobuf message must outlive the ActionResponse (which is guaranteed since
+// the callback is invoked synchronously while the message is on the stack).
 class ActionResponse {
  public:
-  ActionResponse(bool success, std::string error_message = "")
-      : success_(success), error_message_(std::move(error_message)) {}
+  ActionResponse(bool success, StringRef error_message) : success_(success), error_message_(error_message) {}
 
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
-  ActionResponse(bool success, std::string error_message, const uint8_t *data, size_t data_len)
-      : success_(success), error_message_(std::move(error_message)) {
+  ActionResponse(bool success, StringRef error_message, const uint8_t *data, size_t data_len)
+      : success_(success), error_message_(error_message) {
     if (data == nullptr || data_len == 0)
       return;
     this->json_document_ = json::parse_json(data, data_len);
@@ -70,7 +79,8 @@ class ActionResponse {
 #endif
 
   bool is_success() const { return this->success_; }
-  const std::string &get_error_message() const { return this->error_message_; }
+  // Returns reference to error message - can be implicitly converted to std::string if needed
+  const StringRef &get_error_message() const { return this->error_message_; }
 
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
   // Get data as parsed JSON object (const version returns read-only view)
@@ -79,7 +89,7 @@ class ActionResponse {
 
  protected:
   bool success_;
-  std::string error_message_;
+  StringRef error_message_;
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
   JsonDocument json_document_;
 #endif
@@ -105,14 +115,15 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HomeAssistantServiceCallAction : public Action<Ts
 
   // Keys are always string literals from the Python code generation (e.g., cg.add(var.add_data("tag_id", templ))).
   // The value parameter can be a lambda/template, but keys are never templatable.
-  template<typename K, typename V> void add_data(K &&key, V &&value) {
-    this->add_kv_(this->data_, std::forward<K>(key), std::forward<V>(value));
+  // Using const char* for keys avoids std::string heap allocation - keys remain in flash.
+  template<typename V> void add_data(const char *key, V &&value) {
+    this->add_kv_(this->data_, key, std::forward<V>(value));
   }
-  template<typename K, typename V> void add_data_template(K &&key, V &&value) {
-    this->add_kv_(this->data_template_, std::forward<K>(key), std::forward<V>(value));
+  template<typename V> void add_data_template(const char *key, V &&value) {
+    this->add_kv_(this->data_template_, key, std::forward<V>(value));
   }
-  template<typename K, typename V> void add_variable(K &&key, V &&value) {
-    this->add_kv_(this->variables_, std::forward<K>(key), std::forward<V>(value));
+  template<typename V> void add_variable(const char *key, V &&value) {
+    this->add_kv_(this->variables_, key, std::forward<V>(value));
   }
 
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES
@@ -136,13 +147,23 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HomeAssistantServiceCallAction : public Action<Ts
   void play(const Ts &...x) override {
     HomeassistantActionRequest resp;
     std::string service_value = this->service_.value(x...);
-    resp.set_service(StringRef(service_value));
+    resp.service = StringRef(service_value);
     resp.is_event = this->flags_.is_event;
-    this->populate_service_map(resp.data, this->data_, x...);
-    this->populate_service_map(resp.data_template, this->data_template_, x...);
-    this->populate_service_map(resp.variables, this->variables_, x...);
+
+    // Local storage for lambda-evaluated strings - lives until after send
+    FixedVector<std::string> data_storage;
+    FixedVector<std::string> data_template_storage;
+    FixedVector<std::string> variables_storage;
+
+    this->populate_service_map(resp.data, this->data_, data_storage, x...);
+    this->populate_service_map(resp.data_template, this->data_template_, data_template_storage, x...);
+    this->populate_service_map(resp.variables, this->variables_, variables_storage, x...);
 
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES
+#ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
+    // IMPORTANT: Declare at outer scope so it lives until send_homeassistant_action returns.
+    std::string response_template_value;
+#endif
     if (this->flags_.wants_status) {
       // Generate a unique call ID for this service call
       static uint32_t call_id_counter = 1;
@@ -153,8 +174,8 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HomeAssistantServiceCallAction : public Action<Ts
         resp.wants_response = true;
         // Set response template if provided
         if (this->flags_.has_response_template) {
-          std::string response_template_value = this->response_template_.value(x...);
-          resp.response_template = response_template_value;
+          response_template_value = this->response_template_.value(x...);
+          resp.response_template = StringRef(response_template_value);
         }
       }
 #endif
@@ -185,20 +206,40 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HomeAssistantServiceCallAction : public Action<Ts
   }
 
  protected:
-  // Helper to add key-value pairs to FixedVectors with perfect forwarding to avoid copies
-  template<typename K, typename V> void add_kv_(FixedVector<TemplatableKeyValuePair<Ts...>> &vec, K &&key, V &&value) {
+  // Helper to add key-value pairs to FixedVectors
+  // Keys are always string literals (const char*), values can be lambdas/templates
+  template<typename V> void add_kv_(FixedVector<TemplatableKeyValuePair<Ts...>> &vec, const char *key, V &&value) {
     auto &kv = vec.emplace_back();
-    kv.key = std::forward<K>(key);
+    kv.key = key;
     kv.value = std::forward<V>(value);
   }
 
   template<typename VectorType, typename SourceType>
-  static void populate_service_map(VectorType &dest, SourceType &source, Ts... x) {
+  static void populate_service_map(VectorType &dest, SourceType &source, FixedVector<std::string> &value_storage,
+                                   Ts... x) {
     dest.init(source.size());
+
+    // Count non-static strings to allocate exact storage needed
+    size_t lambda_count = 0;
+    for (const auto &it : source) {
+      if (!it.value.is_static_string()) {
+        lambda_count++;
+      }
+    }
+    value_storage.init(lambda_count);
+
     for (auto &it : source) {
       auto &kv = dest.emplace_back();
-      kv.set_key(StringRef(it.key));
-      kv.value = it.value.value(x...);
+      kv.key = StringRef(it.key);
+
+      if (it.value.is_static_string()) {
+        // Static string from YAML - zero allocation
+        kv.value = StringRef(it.value.get_static_string());
+      } else {
+        // Lambda evaluation - store result, reference it
+        value_storage.push_back(it.value.value(x...));
+        kv.value = StringRef(value_storage.back());
+      }
     }
   }
 

esphome/components/api/list_entities.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include "esphome/core/util.h"
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
+#include "user_services.h"
+#endif
 
 namespace esphome::api {
 
@@ -70,6 +73,12 @@ LIST_ENTITIES_HANDLER(media_player, media_player::MediaPlayer, ListEntitiesMedia
 LIST_ENTITIES_HANDLER(alarm_control_panel, alarm_control_panel::AlarmControlPanel,
                       ListEntitiesAlarmControlPanelResponse)
 #endif
+#ifdef USE_WATER_HEATER
+LIST_ENTITIES_HANDLER(water_heater, water_heater::WaterHeater, ListEntitiesWaterHeaterResponse)
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_INFRARED
+LIST_ENTITIES_HANDLER(infrared, infrared::Infrared, ListEntitiesInfraredResponse)
+#endif
 #ifdef USE_EVENT
 LIST_ENTITIES_HANDLER(event, event::Event, ListEntitiesEventResponse)
 #endif
@@ -82,7 +91,7 @@ bool ListEntitiesIterator::on_end() { return this->client_->send_list_info_done(
 
 ListEntitiesIterator::ListEntitiesIterator(APIConnection *client) : client_(client) {}
 
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
 bool ListEntitiesIterator::on_service(UserServiceDescriptor *service) {
   auto resp = service->encode_list_service_response();
   return this->client_->send_message(resp, ListEntitiesServicesResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);

esphome/components/api/list_entities.h

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ class ListEntitiesIterator : public ComponentIterator {
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
   bool on_text_sensor(text_sensor::TextSensor *entity) override;
 #endif
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
   bool on_service(UserServiceDescriptor *service) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_CAMERA
@@ -82,6 +82,12 @@ class ListEntitiesIterator : public ComponentIterator {
 #ifdef USE_ALARM_CONTROL_PANEL
   bool on_alarm_control_panel(alarm_control_panel::AlarmControlPanel *entity) override;
 #endif
+#ifdef USE_WATER_HEATER
+  bool on_water_heater(water_heater::WaterHeater *entity) override;
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_INFRARED
+  bool on_infrared(infrared::Infrared *entity) override;
+#endif
 #ifdef USE_EVENT
   bool on_event(event::Event *entity) override;
 #endif

esphome/components/api/proto.cpp

@@ -139,12 +139,4 @@ void ProtoDecodableMessage::decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) {
   }
 }
 
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-std::string ProtoMessage::dump() const {
-  std::string out;
-  this->dump_to(out);
-  return out;
-}
-#endif
-
 }  // namespace esphome::api

esphome/components/api/proto.h

@@ -39,6 +39,24 @@ inline constexpr int64_t decode_zigzag64(uint64_t value) {
   return (value & 1) ? static_cast<int64_t>(~(value >> 1)) : static_cast<int64_t>(value >> 1);
 }
 
+/// Count number of varints in a packed buffer
+inline uint16_t count_packed_varints(const uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
+  uint16_t count = 0;
+  while (len > 0) {
+    // Skip varint bytes until we find one without continuation bit
+    while (len > 0 && (*data & 0x80)) {
+      data++;
+      len--;
+    }
+    if (len > 0) {
+      data++;
+      len--;
+      count++;
+    }
+  }
+  return count;
+}
+
 /*
  * StringRef Ownership Model for API Protocol Messages
  * ===================================================
@@ -54,16 +72,16 @@ inline constexpr int64_t decode_zigzag64(uint64_t value) {
  * 3. Global/static strings: StringRef(GLOBAL_CONSTANT) - Always safe
  * 4. Local variables: Safe ONLY if encoding happens before function returns:
  *    std::string temp = compute_value();
- *    msg.set_field(StringRef(temp));
+ *    msg.field = StringRef(temp);
  *    return this->send_message(msg);  // temp is valid during encoding
  *
  * Unsafe Patterns (WILL cause crashes/corruption):
- * 1. Temporaries: msg.set_field(StringRef(obj.get_string())) // get_string() returns by value
- * 2. Concatenation: msg.set_field(StringRef(str1 + str2)) // Result is temporary
+ * 1. Temporaries: msg.field = StringRef(obj.get_string()) // get_string() returns by value
+ * 2. Concatenation: msg.field = StringRef(str1 + str2) // Result is temporary
  *
  * For unsafe patterns, store in a local variable first:
  *    std::string temp = get_string();  // or str1 + str2
- *    msg.set_field(StringRef(temp));
+ *    msg.field = StringRef(temp);
  *
  * The send_*_response pattern ensures proper lifetime management by encoding
  * within the same function scope where temporaries are created.
@@ -180,9 +198,10 @@ class ProtoVarInt {
   uint64_t value_;
 };
 
-// Forward declaration for decode_to_message and encode_to_writer
-class ProtoMessage;
+// Forward declarations for decode_to_message, encode_message and encode_packed_sint32
 class ProtoDecodableMessage;
+class ProtoMessage;
+class ProtoSize;
 
 class ProtoLengthDelimited {
  public:
@@ -334,15 +353,71 @@ class ProtoWriteBuffer {
   void encode_sint64(uint32_t field_id, int64_t value, bool force = false) {
     this->encode_uint64(field_id, encode_zigzag64(value), force);
   }
-  void encode_message(uint32_t field_id, const ProtoMessage &value, bool force = false);
+  /// Encode a packed repeated sint32 field (zero-copy from vector)
+  void encode_packed_sint32(uint32_t field_id, const std::vector<int32_t> &values);
+  void encode_message(uint32_t field_id, const ProtoMessage &value);
   std::vector<uint8_t> *get_buffer() const { return buffer_; }
 
  protected:
   std::vector<uint8_t> *buffer_;
 };
 
-// Forward declaration
-class ProtoSize;
+#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
+/**
+ * Fixed-size buffer for message dumps - avoids heap allocation.
+ * Sized to match the logger's default tx_buffer_size (512 bytes)
+ * since anything larger gets truncated anyway.
+ */
+class DumpBuffer {
+ public:
+  // Matches default tx_buffer_size in logger component
+  static constexpr size_t CAPACITY = 512;
+
+  DumpBuffer() : pos_(0) { buf_[0] = '\0'; }
+
+  DumpBuffer &append(const char *str) {
+    if (str) {
+      append_impl_(str, strlen(str));
+    }
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  DumpBuffer &append(const char *str, size_t len) {
+    append_impl_(str, len);
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  DumpBuffer &append(size_t n, char c) {
+    size_t space = CAPACITY - 1 - pos_;
+    if (n > space)
+      n = space;
+    if (n > 0) {
+      memset(buf_ + pos_, c, n);
+      pos_ += n;
+      buf_[pos_] = '\0';
+    }
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  const char *c_str() const { return buf_; }
+  size_t size() const { return pos_; }
+
+ private:
+  void append_impl_(const char *str, size_t len) {
+    size_t space = CAPACITY - 1 - pos_;
+    if (len > space)
+      len = space;
+    if (len > 0) {
+      memcpy(buf_ + pos_, str, len);
+      pos_ += len;
+      buf_[pos_] = '\0';
+    }
+  }
+
+  char buf_[CAPACITY];
+  size_t pos_;
+};
+#endif
 
 class ProtoMessage {
  public:
@@ -352,8 +427,7 @@ class ProtoMessage {
   // Default implementation for messages with no fields
   virtual void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {}
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  std::string dump() const;
-  virtual void dump_to(std::string &out) const = 0;
+  virtual const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const = 0;
   virtual const char *message_name() const { return "unknown"; }
 #endif
 };
@@ -792,10 +866,45 @@ class ProtoSize {
       }
     }
   }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Calculate size of a packed repeated sint32 field
+   */
+  inline void add_packed_sint32(uint32_t field_id_size, const std::vector<int32_t> &values) {
+    if (values.empty())
+      return;
+
+    size_t packed_size = 0;
+    for (int value : values) {
+      packed_size += varint(encode_zigzag32(value));
+    }
+
+    // field_id + length varint + packed data
+    total_size_ += field_id_size + varint(static_cast<uint32_t>(packed_size)) + static_cast<uint32_t>(packed_size);
+  }
 };
 
+// Implementation of encode_packed_sint32 - must be after ProtoSize is defined
+inline void ProtoWriteBuffer::encode_packed_sint32(uint32_t field_id, const std::vector<int32_t> &values) {
+  if (values.empty())
+    return;
+
+  // Calculate packed size
+  size_t packed_size = 0;
+  for (int value : values) {
+    packed_size += ProtoSize::varint(encode_zigzag32(value));
+  }
+
+  // Write tag (LENGTH_DELIMITED) + length + all zigzag-encoded values
+  this->encode_field_raw(field_id, WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_DELIMITED);
+  this->encode_varint_raw(packed_size);
+  for (int value : values) {
+    this->encode_varint_raw(encode_zigzag32(value));
+  }
+}
+
 // Implementation of encode_message - must be after ProtoMessage is defined
-inline void ProtoWriteBuffer::encode_message(uint32_t field_id, const ProtoMessage &value, bool force) {
+inline void ProtoWriteBuffer::encode_message(uint32_t field_id, const ProtoMessage &value) {
   this->encode_field_raw(field_id, 2);  // type 2: Length-delimited message
 
   // Calculate the message size first
@@ -833,9 +942,6 @@ class ProtoService {
   virtual bool is_authenticated() = 0;
   virtual bool is_connection_setup() = 0;
   virtual void on_fatal_error() = 0;
-#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-  virtual void on_unauthenticated_access() = 0;
-#endif
   virtual void on_no_setup_connection() = 0;
   /**
    * Create a buffer with a reserved size.
@@ -846,7 +952,7 @@ class ProtoService {
    */
   virtual ProtoWriteBuffer create_buffer(uint32_t reserve_size) = 0;
   virtual bool send_buffer(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, uint8_t message_type) = 0;
-  virtual void read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, uint8_t *msg_data) = 0;
+  virtual void read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) = 0;
 
   // Optimized method that pre-allocates buffer based on message size
   bool send_message_(const ProtoMessage &msg, uint8_t message_type) {
@@ -873,20 +979,7 @@ class ProtoService {
     return true;
   }
 
-  inline bool check_authenticated_() {
-#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-    if (!this->check_connection_setup_()) {
-      return false;
-    }
-    if (!this->is_authenticated()) {
-      this->on_unauthenticated_access();
-      return false;
-    }
-    return true;
-#else
-    return this->check_connection_setup_();
-#endif
-  }
+  inline bool check_authenticated_() { return this->check_connection_setup_(); }
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::api

esphome/components/api/subscribe_state.cpp

@@ -60,6 +60,9 @@ INITIAL_STATE_HANDLER(media_player, media_player::MediaPlayer)
 #ifdef USE_ALARM_CONTROL_PANEL
 INITIAL_STATE_HANDLER(alarm_control_panel, alarm_control_panel::AlarmControlPanel)
 #endif
+#ifdef USE_WATER_HEATER
+INITIAL_STATE_HANDLER(water_heater, water_heater::WaterHeater)
+#endif
 #ifdef USE_UPDATE
 INITIAL_STATE_HANDLER(update, update::UpdateEntity)
 #endif

esphome/components/api/subscribe_state.h

@@ -76,6 +76,12 @@ class InitialStateIterator : public ComponentIterator {
 #ifdef USE_ALARM_CONTROL_PANEL
   bool on_alarm_control_panel(alarm_control_panel::AlarmControlPanel *entity) override;
 #endif
+#ifdef USE_WATER_HEATER
+  bool on_water_heater(water_heater::WaterHeater *entity) override;
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_INFRARED
+  bool on_infrared(infrared::Infrared *infrared) override { return true; };
+#endif
 #ifdef USE_EVENT
   bool on_event(event::Event *event) override { return true; };
 #endif

esphome/components/api/user_services.h

@@ -1,20 +1,31 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <tuple>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include "esphome/core/component.h"
-#include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "api_pb2.h"
+#include "esphome/core/automation.h"
+#include "esphome/core/component.h"
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
+#include "esphome/components/json/json_util.h"
+#endif
 
-#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
 namespace esphome::api {
 
+// Forward declaration - full definition in api_server.h
+class APIServer;
+
 class UserServiceDescriptor {
  public:
   virtual ListEntitiesServicesResponse encode_list_service_response() = 0;
 
   virtual bool execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &req) = 0;
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
+  // Overload that accepts server-generated action_call_id (avoids client call_id collisions)
+  virtual bool execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &req, uint32_t action_call_id) = 0;
+#endif
 
   bool is_internal() { return false; }
 };
@@ -27,21 +38,23 @@ template<typename T> enums::ServiceArgType to_service_arg_type();
 // Stores only pointers to string literals in flash - no heap allocation
 template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceBase : public UserServiceDescriptor {
  public:
-  UserServiceBase(const char *name, const std::array<const char *, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names)
-      : name_(name), arg_names_(arg_names) {
+  UserServiceBase(const char *name, const std::array<const char *, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names,
+                  enums::SupportsResponseType supports_response = enums::SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_NONE)
+      : name_(name), arg_names_(arg_names), supports_response_(supports_response) {
     this->key_ = fnv1_hash(name);
   }
 
   ListEntitiesServicesResponse encode_list_service_response() override {
     ListEntitiesServicesResponse msg;
-    msg.set_name(StringRef(this->name_));
+    msg.name = StringRef(this->name_);
     msg.key = this->key_;
+    msg.supports_response = this->supports_response_;
     std::array<enums::ServiceArgType, sizeof...(Ts)> arg_types = {to_service_arg_type<Ts>()...};
     msg.args.init(sizeof...(Ts));
     for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof...(Ts); i++) {
       auto &arg = msg.args.emplace_back();
       arg.type = arg_types[i];
-      arg.set_name(StringRef(this->arg_names_[i]));
+      arg.name = StringRef(this->arg_names_[i]);
     }
     return msg;
   }
@@ -51,20 +64,37 @@ template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceBase : public UserServiceDescriptor {
       return false;
     if (req.args.size() != sizeof...(Ts))
       return false;
-    this->execute_(req.args, typename gens<sizeof...(Ts)>::type());
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
+    this->execute_(req.args, req.call_id, req.return_response, std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Ts)>{});
+#else
+    this->execute_(req.args, 0, false, std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Ts)>{});
+#endif
     return true;
   }
 
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
+  bool execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &req, uint32_t action_call_id) override {
+    if (req.key != this->key_)
+      return false;
+    if (req.args.size() != sizeof...(Ts))
+      return false;
+    this->execute_(req.args, action_call_id, req.return_response, std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Ts)>{});
+    return true;
+  }
+#endif
+
  protected:
-  virtual void execute(Ts... x) = 0;
-  template<typename ArgsContainer, int... S> void execute_(const ArgsContainer &args, seq<S...> type) {
-    this->execute((get_execute_arg_value<Ts>(args[S]))...);
+  virtual void execute(uint32_t call_id, bool return_response, Ts... x) = 0;
+  template<typename ArgsContainer, size_t... S>
+  void execute_(const ArgsContainer &args, uint32_t call_id, bool return_response, std::index_sequence<S...> /*type*/) {
+    this->execute(call_id, return_response, (get_execute_arg_value<Ts>(args[S]))...);
   }
 
   // Pointers to string literals in flash - no heap allocation
   const char *name_;
   std::array<const char *, sizeof...(Ts)> arg_names_;
   uint32_t key_{0};
+  enums::SupportsResponseType supports_response_{enums::SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_NONE};
 };
 
 // Separate class for custom_api_device services (rare case)
@@ -78,14 +108,15 @@ template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceDynamic : public UserServiceDescriptor
 
   ListEntitiesServicesResponse encode_list_service_response() override {
     ListEntitiesServicesResponse msg;
-    msg.set_name(StringRef(this->name_));
+    msg.name = StringRef(this->name_);
     msg.key = this->key_;
+    msg.supports_response = enums::SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_NONE;  // Dynamic services don't support responses yet
     std::array<enums::ServiceArgType, sizeof...(Ts)> arg_types = {to_service_arg_type<Ts>()...};
     msg.args.init(sizeof...(Ts));
     for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof...(Ts); i++) {
       auto &arg = msg.args.emplace_back();
       arg.type = arg_types[i];
-      arg.set_name(StringRef(this->arg_names_[i]));
+      arg.name = StringRef(this->arg_names_[i]);
     }
     return msg;
   }
@@ -95,14 +126,31 @@ template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceDynamic : public UserServiceDescriptor
       return false;
     if (req.args.size() != sizeof...(Ts))
       return false;
-    this->execute_(req.args, typename gens<sizeof...(Ts)>::type());
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
+    this->execute_(req.args, req.call_id, req.return_response, std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Ts)>{});
+#else
+    this->execute_(req.args, 0, false, std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Ts)>{});
+#endif
     return true;
   }
 
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
+  // Dynamic services don't support responses yet, but need to implement the interface
+  bool execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &req, uint32_t action_call_id) override {
+    if (req.key != this->key_)
+      return false;
+    if (req.args.size() != sizeof...(Ts))
+      return false;
+    this->execute_(req.args, action_call_id, req.return_response, std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Ts)>{});
+    return true;
+  }
+#endif
+
  protected:
-  virtual void execute(Ts... x) = 0;
-  template<typename ArgsContainer, int... S> void execute_(const ArgsContainer &args, seq<S...> type) {
-    this->execute((get_execute_arg_value<Ts>(args[S]))...);
+  virtual void execute(uint32_t call_id, bool return_response, Ts... x) = 0;
+  template<typename ArgsContainer, size_t... S>
+  void execute_(const ArgsContainer &args, uint32_t call_id, bool return_response, std::index_sequence<S...> /*type*/) {
+    this->execute(call_id, return_response, (get_execute_arg_value<Ts>(args[S]))...);
   }
 
   // Heap-allocated strings for runtime-generated names
@@ -111,15 +159,149 @@ template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceDynamic : public UserServiceDescriptor
   uint32_t key_{0};
 };
 
-template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceTrigger : public UserServiceBase<Ts...>, public Trigger<Ts...> {
+// Primary template declaration
+template<enums::SupportsResponseType Mode, typename... Ts> class UserServiceTrigger;
+
+// Specialization for NONE - no extra trigger arguments
+template<typename... Ts>
+class UserServiceTrigger<enums::SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_NONE, Ts...> : public UserServiceBase<Ts...>, public Trigger<Ts...> {
  public:
-  // Constructor for static names (YAML-defined services - used by code generator)
   UserServiceTrigger(const char *name, const std::array<const char *, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names)
-      : UserServiceBase<Ts...>(name, arg_names) {}
+      : UserServiceBase<Ts...>(name, arg_names, enums::SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_NONE) {}
 
  protected:
-  void execute(Ts... x) override { this->trigger(x...); }  // NOLINT
+  void execute(uint32_t /*call_id*/, bool /*return_response*/, Ts... x) override { this->trigger(x...); }
+};
+
+// Specialization for OPTIONAL - call_id and return_response trigger arguments
+template<typename... Ts>
+class UserServiceTrigger<enums::SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_OPTIONAL, Ts...> : public UserServiceBase<Ts...>,
+                                                                     public Trigger<uint32_t, bool, Ts...> {
+ public:
+  UserServiceTrigger(const char *name, const std::array<const char *, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names)
+      : UserServiceBase<Ts...>(name, arg_names, enums::SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_OPTIONAL) {}
+
+ protected:
+  void execute(uint32_t call_id, bool return_response, Ts... x) override {
+    this->trigger(call_id, return_response, x...);
+  }
+};
+
+// Specialization for ONLY - just call_id trigger argument
+template<typename... Ts>
+class UserServiceTrigger<enums::SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_ONLY, Ts...> : public UserServiceBase<Ts...>,
+                                                                 public Trigger<uint32_t, Ts...> {
+ public:
+  UserServiceTrigger(const char *name, const std::array<const char *, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names)
+      : UserServiceBase<Ts...>(name, arg_names, enums::SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_ONLY) {}
+
+ protected:
+  void execute(uint32_t call_id, bool /*return_response*/, Ts... x) override { this->trigger(call_id, x...); }
+};
+
+// Specialization for STATUS - just call_id trigger argument (reports success/error without data)
+template<typename... Ts>
+class UserServiceTrigger<enums::SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_STATUS, Ts...> : public UserServiceBase<Ts...>,
+                                                                   public Trigger<uint32_t, Ts...> {
+ public:
+  UserServiceTrigger(const char *name, const std::array<const char *, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names)
+      : UserServiceBase<Ts...>(name, arg_names, enums::SUPPORTS_RESPONSE_STATUS) {}
+
+ protected:
+  void execute(uint32_t call_id, bool /*return_response*/, Ts... x) override { this->trigger(call_id, x...); }
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::api
-#endif  // USE_API_SERVICES
+#endif  // USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
+
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
+// Include full definition of APIServer for template implementation
+// Must be outside namespace to avoid including STL headers inside namespace
+#include "api_server.h"
+
+namespace esphome::api {
+
+template<typename... Ts> class APIRespondAction : public Action<Ts...> {
+ public:
+  explicit APIRespondAction(APIServer *parent) : parent_(parent) {}
+
+  template<typename V> void set_success(V success) { this->success_ = success; }
+  template<typename V> void set_error_message(V error) { this->error_message_ = error; }
+  void set_is_optional_mode(bool is_optional) { this->is_optional_mode_ = is_optional; }
+
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
+  void set_data(std::function<void(Ts..., JsonObject)> func) {
+    this->json_builder_ = std::move(func);
+    this->has_data_ = true;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+    // Extract call_id from first argument - it's always first for optional/only/status modes
+    auto args = std::make_tuple(x...);
+    uint32_t call_id = std::get<0>(args);
+
+    bool success = this->success_.value(x...);
+    std::string error_message = this->error_message_.value(x...);
+
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
+    if (this->has_data_) {
+      // For optional mode, check return_response (second arg) to decide if client wants data
+      // Use nested if constexpr to avoid compile error when tuple doesn't have enough elements
+      // (std::tuple_element_t is evaluated before the && short-circuit, so we must nest)
+      if constexpr (sizeof...(Ts) >= 2) {
+        if constexpr (std::is_same_v<std::tuple_element_t<1, std::tuple<Ts...>>, bool>) {
+          if (this->is_optional_mode_) {
+            bool return_response = std::get<1>(args);
+            if (!return_response) {
+              // Client doesn't want response data, just send success/error
+              this->parent_->send_action_response(call_id, success, StringRef(error_message));
+              return;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      // Build and send JSON response
+      json::JsonBuilder builder;
+      this->json_builder_(x..., builder.root());
+      std::string json_str = builder.serialize();
+      this->parent_->send_action_response(call_id, success, StringRef(error_message),
+                                          reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(json_str.data()), json_str.size());
+      return;
+    }
+#endif
+    this->parent_->send_action_response(call_id, success, StringRef(error_message));
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  APIServer *parent_;
+  TemplatableValue<bool, Ts...> success_{true};
+  TemplatableValue<std::string, Ts...> error_message_{""};
+#ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
+  std::function<void(Ts..., JsonObject)> json_builder_;
+  bool has_data_{false};
+#endif
+  bool is_optional_mode_{false};
+};
+
+// Action to unregister a service call after execution completes
+// Automatically appended to the end of action lists for non-none response modes
+template<typename... Ts> class APIUnregisterServiceCallAction : public Action<Ts...> {
+ public:
+  explicit APIUnregisterServiceCallAction(APIServer *parent) : parent_(parent) {}
+
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+    // Extract call_id from first argument - same convention as APIRespondAction
+    auto args = std::make_tuple(x...);
+    uint32_t call_id = std::get<0>(args);
+    if (call_id != 0) {
+      this->parent_->unregister_active_action_call(call_id);
+    }
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  APIServer *parent_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::api
+#endif  // USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES

esphome/components/aqi/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import esphome.codegen as cg
+
+CODEOWNERS = ["@jasstrong", "@ximex", "@freekode"]
+
+aqi_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("aqi")
+AQICalculatorType = aqi_ns.enum("AQICalculatorType")
+
+CONF_AQI = "aqi"
+CONF_CALCULATION_TYPE = "calculation_type"
+
+AQI_CALCULATION_TYPE = {
+    "CAQI": AQICalculatorType.CAQI_TYPE,
+    "AQI": AQICalculatorType.AQI_TYPE,
+}

esphome/components/aqi/abstract_aqi_calculator.h

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+namespace esphome::aqi {
+
+class AbstractAQICalculator {
+ public:
+  virtual uint16_t get_aqi(float pm2_5_value, float pm10_0_value) = 0;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::aqi

esphome/components/aqi/aqi_calculator.h

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cmath>
+#include <limits>
+#include "abstract_aqi_calculator.h"
+
+// https://document.airnow.gov/technical-assistance-document-for-the-reporting-of-daily-air-quailty.pdf
+
+namespace esphome::aqi {
+
+class AQICalculator : public AbstractAQICalculator {
+ public:
+  uint16_t get_aqi(float pm2_5_value, float pm10_0_value) override {
+    float pm2_5_index = calculate_index(pm2_5_value, PM2_5_GRID);
+    float pm10_0_index = calculate_index(pm10_0_value, PM10_0_GRID);
+
+    return static_cast<uint16_t>(std::round((pm2_5_index < pm10_0_index) ? pm10_0_index : pm2_5_index));
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  static constexpr int NUM_LEVELS = 6;
+
+  static constexpr int INDEX_GRID[NUM_LEVELS][2] = {{0, 50}, {51, 100}, {101, 150}, {151, 200}, {201, 300}, {301, 500}};
+
+  static constexpr float PM2_5_GRID[NUM_LEVELS][2] = {{0.0f, 9.0f},     {9.1f, 35.4f},
+                                                      {35.5f, 55.4f},   {55.5f, 125.4f},
+                                                      {125.5f, 225.4f}, {225.5f, std::numeric_limits<float>::max()}};
+
+  static constexpr float PM10_0_GRID[NUM_LEVELS][2] = {{0.0f, 54.0f},    {55.0f, 154.0f},
+                                                       {155.0f, 254.0f}, {255.0f, 354.0f},
+                                                       {355.0f, 424.0f}, {425.0f, std::numeric_limits<float>::max()}};
+
+  static float calculate_index(float value, const float array[NUM_LEVELS][2]) {
+    int grid_index = get_grid_index(value, array);
+    if (grid_index == -1) {
+      return -1.0f;
+    }
+    float aqi_lo = INDEX_GRID[grid_index][0];
+    float aqi_hi = INDEX_GRID[grid_index][1];
+    float conc_lo = array[grid_index][0];
+    float conc_hi = array[grid_index][1];
+
+    return (value - conc_lo) * (aqi_hi - aqi_lo) / (conc_hi - conc_lo) + aqi_lo;
+  }
+
+  static int get_grid_index(float value, const float array[NUM_LEVELS][2]) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LEVELS; i++) {
+      if (value >= array[i][0] && value <= array[i][1]) {
+        return i;
+      }
+    }
+    return -1;
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::aqi

esphome/components/aqi/aqi_calculator_factory.h

@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@
 #include "caqi_calculator.h"
 #include "aqi_calculator.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace hm3301 {
+namespace esphome::aqi {
 
 enum AQICalculatorType { CAQI_TYPE = 0, AQI_TYPE = 1 };
 
@@ -12,18 +11,17 @@ class AQICalculatorFactory {
  public:
   AbstractAQICalculator *get_calculator(AQICalculatorType type) {
     if (type == 0) {
-      return caqi_calculator_;
+      return &this->caqi_calculator_;
     } else if (type == 1) {
-      return aqi_calculator_;
+      return &this->aqi_calculator_;
     }
 
     return nullptr;
   }
 
  protected:
-  CAQICalculator *caqi_calculator_ = new CAQICalculator();
-  AQICalculator *aqi_calculator_ = new AQICalculator();
+  CAQICalculator caqi_calculator_;
+  AQICalculator aqi_calculator_;
 };
 
-}  // namespace hm3301
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::aqi

esphome/components/aqi/aqi_sensor.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#include "aqi_sensor.h"
+#include "esphome/core/log.h"
+
+namespace esphome::aqi {
+
+static const char *const TAG = "aqi";
+
+void AQISensor::setup() {
+  if (this->pm_2_5_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    this->pm_2_5_sensor_->add_on_state_callback([this](float value) {
+      this->pm_2_5_value_ = value;
+      // Defer calculation to avoid double-publishing if both sensors update in the same loop
+      this->defer("update", [this]() { this->calculate_aqi_(); });
+    });
+  }
+  if (this->pm_10_0_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    this->pm_10_0_sensor_->add_on_state_callback([this](float value) {
+      this->pm_10_0_value_ = value;
+      this->defer("update", [this]() { this->calculate_aqi_(); });
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+void AQISensor::dump_config() {
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "AQI Sensor:");
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Calculation Type: %s", this->aqi_calc_type_ == AQI_TYPE ? "AQI" : "CAQI");
+  if (this->pm_2_5_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  PM2.5 Sensor: '%s'", this->pm_2_5_sensor_->get_name().c_str());
+  }
+  if (this->pm_10_0_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  PM10 Sensor: '%s'", this->pm_10_0_sensor_->get_name().c_str());
+  }
+  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "AQI", this);
+}
+
+void AQISensor::calculate_aqi_() {
+  if (std::isnan(this->pm_2_5_value_) || std::isnan(this->pm_10_0_value_)) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  AbstractAQICalculator *calculator = this->aqi_calculator_factory_.get_calculator(this->aqi_calc_type_);
+  if (calculator == nullptr) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Unknown AQI calculator type");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  uint16_t aqi = calculator->get_aqi(this->pm_2_5_value_, this->pm_10_0_value_);
+  this->publish_state(aqi);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::aqi

esphome/components/aqi/aqi_sensor.h

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/core/component.h"
+#include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
+#include "aqi_calculator_factory.h"
+
+namespace esphome::aqi {
+
+class AQISensor : public sensor::Sensor, public Component {
+ public:
+  void setup() override;
+  void dump_config() override;
+  float get_setup_priority() const override { return setup_priority::DATA; }
+
+  void set_pm_2_5_sensor(sensor::Sensor *sensor) { this->pm_2_5_sensor_ = sensor; }
+  void set_pm_10_0_sensor(sensor::Sensor *sensor) { this->pm_10_0_sensor_ = sensor; }
+  void set_aqi_calculation_type(AQICalculatorType type) { this->aqi_calc_type_ = type; }
+
+ protected:
+  void calculate_aqi_();
+
+  sensor::Sensor *pm_2_5_sensor_{nullptr};
+  sensor::Sensor *pm_10_0_sensor_{nullptr};
+  AQICalculatorType aqi_calc_type_{AQI_TYPE};
+  AQICalculatorFactory aqi_calculator_factory_;
+
+  float pm_2_5_value_{NAN};
+  float pm_10_0_value_{NAN};
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::aqi

esphome/components/aqi/caqi_calculator.h

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cmath>
+#include <limits>
+#include "abstract_aqi_calculator.h"
+
+namespace esphome::aqi {
+
+class CAQICalculator : public AbstractAQICalculator {
+ public:
+  uint16_t get_aqi(float pm2_5_value, float pm10_0_value) override {
+    float pm2_5_index = calculate_index(pm2_5_value, PM2_5_GRID);
+    float pm10_0_index = calculate_index(pm10_0_value, PM10_0_GRID);
+
+    return static_cast<uint16_t>(std::round((pm2_5_index < pm10_0_index) ? pm10_0_index : pm2_5_index));
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  static constexpr int NUM_LEVELS = 5;
+
+  static constexpr int INDEX_GRID[NUM_LEVELS][2] = {{0, 25}, {26, 50}, {51, 75}, {76, 100}, {101, 400}};
+
+  static constexpr float PM2_5_GRID[NUM_LEVELS][2] = {
+      {0.0f, 15.0f}, {15.1f, 30.0f}, {30.1f, 55.0f}, {55.1f, 110.0f}, {110.1f, std::numeric_limits<float>::max()}};
+
+  static constexpr float PM10_0_GRID[NUM_LEVELS][2] = {
+      {0.0f, 25.0f}, {25.1f, 50.0f}, {50.1f, 90.0f}, {90.1f, 180.0f}, {180.1f, std::numeric_limits<float>::max()}};
+
+  static float calculate_index(float value, const float array[NUM_LEVELS][2]) {
+    int grid_index = get_grid_index(value, array);
+    if (grid_index == -1) {
+      return -1.0f;
+    }
+
+    float aqi_lo = INDEX_GRID[grid_index][0];
+    float aqi_hi = INDEX_GRID[grid_index][1];
+    float conc_lo = array[grid_index][0];
+    float conc_hi = array[grid_index][1];
+
+    return (value - conc_lo) * (aqi_hi - aqi_lo) / (conc_hi - conc_lo) + aqi_lo;
+  }
+
+  static int get_grid_index(float value, const float array[NUM_LEVELS][2]) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LEVELS; i++) {
+      if (value >= array[i][0] && value <= array[i][1]) {
+        return i;
+      }
+    }
+    return -1;
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::aqi