Merge branch 'dev' into api-stringref-user-services

Replace std::string with StringRef (non-owning string view) for
user service string arguments in YAML-generated services. This
avoids unnecessary heap allocation when the protobuf decode buffer
already contains the string data.

Key changes:
- Frame helpers reserve +1 byte in rx_buf_ so string fields can be
  safely null-terminated in-place after decode
- Add (null_terminate) protobuf field option to target only fields
  that need it (ExecuteServiceArgument.string_ and
  HomeAssistantStateResponse.state)
- Add StringRef template specializations for get_execute_arg_value
  and to_service_arg_type
- Python codegen uses StringRef for string service args, with
  automatic std::string fallback when deferred actions (delay,
  wait_until, script.wait) are present in the action chain
- Add deferred flag to action registry for detecting actions that
  store trigger args for later execution
- Simplify HomeAssistantStateResponse handler by removing
  SmallBufferWithHeapFallback copy (state is null-terminated
  in-place)
- Add compare() method to StringRef for external component
  compatibility

Saves ~240 bytes of flash on ESP8266 by eliminating std::string
template instantiations for user service string arguments.

CODEOWNERS

@@ -411,7 +411,6 @@ esphome/components/rp2040_pwm/* @jesserockz
 esphome/components/rpi_dpi_rgb/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/rtl87xx/* @kuba2k2
 esphome/components/rtttl/* @glmnet
-esphome/components/runtime_image/* @clydebarrow @guillempages @kahrendt
 esphome/components/runtime_stats/* @bdraco
 esphome/components/rx8130/* @beormund
 esphome/components/safe_mode/* @jsuanet @kbx81 @paulmonigatti

esphome/automation.py

@@ -57,8 +57,14 @@ def maybe_conf(conf, *validators):
     return validate
 
 
-def register_action(name: str, action_type: MockObjClass, schema: cv.Schema):
-    return ACTION_REGISTRY.register(name, action_type, schema)
+def register_action(
+    name: str,
+    action_type: MockObjClass,
+    schema: cv.Schema,
+    *,
+    deferred: bool = False,
+):
+    return ACTION_REGISTRY.register(name, action_type, schema, deferred=deferred)
 
 
 def register_condition(name: str, condition_type: MockObjClass, schema: cv.Schema):
@@ -335,7 +341,10 @@ async def component_is_idle_condition_to_code(
 
 
 @register_action(
-    "delay", DelayAction, cv.templatable(cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds)
+    "delay",
+    DelayAction,
+    cv.templatable(cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds),
+    deferred=True,
 )
 async def delay_action_to_code(
     config: ConfigType,
@@ -445,7 +454,7 @@ _validate_wait_until = cv.maybe_simple_value(
 )
 
 
-@register_action("wait_until", WaitUntilAction, _validate_wait_until)
+@register_action("wait_until", WaitUntilAction, _validate_wait_until, deferred=True)
 async def wait_until_action_to_code(
     config: ConfigType,
     action_id: ID,
@@ -578,6 +587,26 @@ async def build_condition_list(
     return conditions
 
 
+def has_deferred_actions(actions: ConfigType) -> bool:
+    """Check if a validated action list contains any deferred actions.
+
+    Deferred actions (delay, wait_until, script.wait) store trigger args
+    for later execution, making non-owning types like StringRef unsafe.
+    """
+    if isinstance(actions, list):
+        return any(has_deferred_actions(item) for item in actions)
+    if isinstance(actions, dict):
+        for key in actions:
+            if key in ACTION_REGISTRY and ACTION_REGISTRY[key].deferred:
+                return True
+        return any(
+            has_deferred_actions(v)
+            for v in actions.values()
+            if isinstance(v, (list, dict))
+        )
+    return False
+
+
 async def build_automation(
     trigger: MockObj, args: TemplateArgsType, config: ConfigType
 ) -> MockObj:

esphome/components/api/__init__.py

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ SERVICE_ARG_NATIVE_TYPES: dict[str, MockObj] = {
     "bool": cg.bool_,
     "int": cg.int32,
     "float": cg.float_,
-    "string": cg.std_string,
+    "string": cg.StringRef,
     "bool[]": cg.FixedVector.template(cg.bool_).operator("const").operator("ref"),
     "int[]": cg.FixedVector.template(cg.int32).operator("const").operator("ref"),
     "float[]": cg.FixedVector.template(cg.float_).operator("const").operator("ref"),
@@ -380,9 +380,16 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
                 if is_optional:
                     func_args.append((cg.bool_, "return_response"))
 
+            # Check if action chain has deferred actions that would make
+            # non-owning StringRef dangle (rx_buf_ reused after delay)
+            has_deferred = automation.has_deferred_actions(conf.get(CONF_THEN, []))
+
             service_arg_names: list[str] = []
             for name, var_ in conf[CONF_VARIABLES].items():
                 native = SERVICE_ARG_NATIVE_TYPES[var_]
+                # Fall back to std::string for string args if deferred actions exist
+                if has_deferred and native is cg.StringRef:
+                    native = cg.std_string
                 service_template_args.append(native)
                 func_args.append((native, name))
                 service_arg_names.append(name)

esphome/components/api/api.proto

@@ -824,7 +824,7 @@ message HomeAssistantStateResponse {
   option (ifdef) = "USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES";
 
   string entity_id = 1;
-  string state = 2;
+  string state = 2 [(null_terminate) = true];
   string attribute = 3;
 }
 
@@ -882,7 +882,7 @@ message ExecuteServiceArgument {
   bool bool_ = 1;
   int32 legacy_int = 2;
   float float_ = 3;
-  string string_ = 4;
+  string string_ = 4 [(null_terminate) = true];
   // ESPHome 1.14 (api v1.3) make int a signed value
   sint32 int_ = 5;
   repeated bool bool_array = 6 [packed=false, (fixed_vector) = true];

esphome/components/api/api_connection.cpp

@@ -1683,31 +1683,18 @@ void APIConnection::on_home_assistant_state_response(const HomeAssistantStateRes
   }
 
   for (auto &it : this->parent_->get_state_subs()) {
-    // Compare entity_id: check length matches and content matches
-    size_t entity_id_len = strlen(it.entity_id);
-    if (entity_id_len != msg.entity_id.size() ||
-        memcmp(it.entity_id, msg.entity_id.c_str(), msg.entity_id.size()) != 0) {
+    if (msg.entity_id != it.entity_id) {
       continue;
     }
 
     // Compare attribute: either both have matching attribute, or both have none
-    size_t sub_attr_len = it.attribute != nullptr ? strlen(it.attribute) : 0;
-    if (sub_attr_len != msg.attribute.size() ||
-        (sub_attr_len > 0 && memcmp(it.attribute, msg.attribute.c_str(), sub_attr_len) != 0)) {
+    // it.attribute can be nullptr (meaning no attribute filter)
+    if (it.attribute != nullptr ? msg.attribute != it.attribute : !msg.attribute.empty()) {
       continue;
     }
 
-    // Create null-terminated state for callback (parse_number needs null-termination)
-    // HA state max length is 255 characters, but attributes can be much longer
-    // Use stack buffer for common case (states), heap fallback for large attributes
-    size_t state_len = msg.state.size();
-    SmallBufferWithHeapFallback<MAX_STATE_LEN + 1> state_buf_alloc(state_len + 1);
-    char *state_buf = reinterpret_cast<char *>(state_buf_alloc.get());
-    if (state_len > 0) {
-      memcpy(state_buf, msg.state.c_str(), state_len);
-    }
-    state_buf[state_len] = '\0';
-    it.callback(StringRef(state_buf, state_len));
+    // msg.state is already null-terminated in-place after protobuf decode
+    it.callback(msg.state);
   }
 }
 #endif

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_noise.cpp

@@ -201,9 +201,10 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::try_read_frame_() {
     return (state_ == State::DATA) ? APIError::BAD_DATA_PACKET : APIError::BAD_HANDSHAKE_PACKET_LEN;
   }
 
-  // Reserve space for body
-  if (this->rx_buf_.size() != msg_size) {
-    this->rx_buf_.resize(msg_size);
+  // Reserve space for body (+1 for null terminator so protobuf StringRef fields
+  // can be safely null-terminated in-place after decode)
+  if (this->rx_buf_.size() != msg_size + 1) {
+    this->rx_buf_.resize(msg_size + 1);
   }
 
   if (rx_buf_len_ < msg_size) {

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_plaintext.cpp

@@ -163,9 +163,10 @@ APIError APIPlaintextFrameHelper::try_read_frame_() {
   }
   // header reading done
 
-  // Reserve space for body
-  if (this->rx_buf_.size() != this->rx_header_parsed_len_) {
-    this->rx_buf_.resize(this->rx_header_parsed_len_);
+  // Reserve space for body (+1 for null terminator so protobuf StringRef fields
+  // can be safely null-terminated in-place after decode)
+  if (this->rx_buf_.size() != this->rx_header_parsed_len_ + 1) {
+    this->rx_buf_.resize(this->rx_header_parsed_len_ + 1);
   }
 
   if (rx_buf_len_ < rx_header_parsed_len_) {

esphome/components/api/api_options.proto

@@ -90,4 +90,13 @@ extend google.protobuf.FieldOptions {
     //   - uint16_t <field>_length_{0};
     //   - uint16_t <field>_count_{0};
     optional bool packed_buffer = 50015 [default=false];
+
+    // null_terminate: Write a null byte after string data in the decode buffer.
+    // When set on a string field in a SOURCE_CLIENT (decodable) message, the
+    // generated decode() override writes '\0' at data[length] after decoding.
+    // This makes the StringRef safe for c_str() usage without copying.
+    // Safe because: (1) frame helpers reserve +1 byte in rx_buf_, and
+    // (2) the overwritten byte was already consumed during decode.
+    // Only mark fields that actually need null-terminated access.
+    optional bool null_terminate = 50016 [default=false];
 }

esphome/components/api/api_pb2.cpp

@@ -953,6 +953,12 @@ bool HomeAssistantStateResponse::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDel
   }
   return true;
 }
+void HomeAssistantStateResponse::decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) {
+  ProtoDecodableMessage::decode(buffer, length);
+  if (!this->state.empty()) {
+    const_cast<char *>(this->state.c_str())[this->state.size()] = '\0';
+  }
+}
 #endif
 bool GetTimeResponse::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
@@ -1057,6 +1063,9 @@ void ExecuteServiceArgument::decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) {
   uint32_t count_string_array = ProtoDecodableMessage::count_repeated_field(buffer, length, 9);
   this->string_array.init(count_string_array);
   ProtoDecodableMessage::decode(buffer, length);
+  if (!this->string_.empty()) {
+    const_cast<char *>(this->string_.c_str())[this->string_.size()] = '\0';
+  }
 }
 bool ExecuteServiceRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) {
   switch (field_id) {

esphome/components/api/api_pb2.h

@@ -1095,6 +1095,7 @@ class HomeAssistantStateResponse final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
   StringRef entity_id{};
   StringRef state{};
   StringRef attribute{};
+  void decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
 #endif

esphome/components/api/user_services.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "user_services.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
+#include "esphome/core/string_ref.h"
 
 namespace esphome::api {
 
@@ -11,6 +12,8 @@ template<> int32_t get_execute_arg_value<int32_t>(const ExecuteServiceArgument &
 }
 template<> float get_execute_arg_value<float>(const ExecuteServiceArgument &arg) { return arg.float_; }
 template<> std::string get_execute_arg_value<std::string>(const ExecuteServiceArgument &arg) { return arg.string_; }
+// Zero-copy StringRef version for YAML-generated services (string_ is null-terminated after decode)
+template<> StringRef get_execute_arg_value<StringRef>(const ExecuteServiceArgument &arg) { return arg.string_; }
 
 // Legacy std::vector versions for external components using custom_api_device.h - optimized with reserve
 template<> std::vector<bool> get_execute_arg_value<std::vector<bool>>(const ExecuteServiceArgument &arg) {
@@ -61,6 +64,8 @@ template<> enums::ServiceArgType to_service_arg_type<bool>() { return enums::SER
 template<> enums::ServiceArgType to_service_arg_type<int32_t>() { return enums::SERVICE_ARG_TYPE_INT; }
 template<> enums::ServiceArgType to_service_arg_type<float>() { return enums::SERVICE_ARG_TYPE_FLOAT; }
 template<> enums::ServiceArgType to_service_arg_type<std::string>() { return enums::SERVICE_ARG_TYPE_STRING; }
+// Zero-copy StringRef version for YAML-generated services
+template<> enums::ServiceArgType to_service_arg_type<StringRef>() { return enums::SERVICE_ARG_TYPE_STRING; }
 
 // Legacy std::vector versions for external components using custom_api_device.h
 template<> enums::ServiceArgType to_service_arg_type<std::vector<bool>>() { return enums::SERVICE_ARG_TYPE_BOOL_ARRAY; }

esphome/components/online_image/__init__.py

@@ -2,34 +2,97 @@ import logging
 
 from esphome import automation
 import esphome.codegen as cg
-from esphome.components import runtime_image
-from esphome.components.const import CONF_REQUEST_HEADERS
+from esphome.components.const import CONF_BYTE_ORDER, CONF_REQUEST_HEADERS
 from esphome.components.http_request import CONF_HTTP_REQUEST_ID, HttpRequestComponent
+from esphome.components.image import (
+    CONF_INVERT_ALPHA,
+    CONF_TRANSPARENCY,
+    IMAGE_SCHEMA,
+    Image_,
+    get_image_type_enum,
+    get_transparency_enum,
+    validate_settings,
+)
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_BUFFER_SIZE,
+    CONF_DITHER,
+    CONF_FILE,
+    CONF_FORMAT,
     CONF_ID,
     CONF_ON_ERROR,
+    CONF_RESIZE,
     CONF_TRIGGER_ID,
+    CONF_TYPE,
     CONF_URL,
 )
 from esphome.core import Lambda
 
-AUTO_LOAD = ["image", "runtime_image"]
+AUTO_LOAD = ["image"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["display", "http_request"]
 CODEOWNERS = ["@guillempages", "@clydebarrow"]
 MULTI_CONF = True
 
 CONF_ON_DOWNLOAD_FINISHED = "on_download_finished"
+CONF_PLACEHOLDER = "placeholder"
 CONF_UPDATE = "update"
 
 _LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 online_image_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("online_image")
 
-OnlineImage = online_image_ns.class_(
-    "OnlineImage", cg.PollingComponent, runtime_image.RuntimeImage
-)
+ImageFormat = online_image_ns.enum("ImageFormat")
+
+
+class Format:
+    def __init__(self, image_type):
+        self.image_type = image_type
+
+    @property
+    def enum(self):
+        return getattr(ImageFormat, self.image_type)
+
+    def actions(self):
+        pass
+
+
+class BMPFormat(Format):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__("BMP")
+
+    def actions(self):
+        cg.add_define("USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_BMP_SUPPORT")
+
+
+class JPEGFormat(Format):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__("JPEG")
+
+    def actions(self):
+        cg.add_define("USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_JPEG_SUPPORT")
+        cg.add_library("JPEGDEC", None, "https://github.com/bitbank2/JPEGDEC#ca1e0f2")
+
+
+class PNGFormat(Format):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__("PNG")
+
+    def actions(self):
+        cg.add_define("USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_PNG_SUPPORT")
+        cg.add_library("pngle", "1.1.0")
+
+
+IMAGE_FORMATS = {
+    x.image_type: x
+    for x in (
+        BMPFormat(),
+        JPEGFormat(),
+        PNGFormat(),
+    )
+}
+IMAGE_FORMATS.update({"JPG": IMAGE_FORMATS["JPEG"]})
+
+OnlineImage = online_image_ns.class_("OnlineImage", cg.PollingComponent, Image_)
 
 # Actions
 SetUrlAction = online_image_ns.class_(
@@ -48,17 +111,29 @@ DownloadErrorTrigger = online_image_ns.class_(
 )
 
 
+def remove_options(*options):
+    return {
+        cv.Optional(option): cv.invalid(
+            f"{option} is an invalid option for online_image"
+        )
+        for option in options
+    }
+
+
 ONLINE_IMAGE_SCHEMA = (
-    runtime_image.runtime_image_schema(OnlineImage)
+    IMAGE_SCHEMA.extend(remove_options(CONF_FILE, CONF_INVERT_ALPHA, CONF_DITHER))
     .extend(
         {
-            # Online Image specific options
+            cv.Required(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(OnlineImage),
             cv.GenerateID(CONF_HTTP_REQUEST_ID): cv.use_id(HttpRequestComponent),
+            # Online Image specific options
             cv.Required(CONF_URL): cv.url,
-            cv.Optional(CONF_BUFFER_SIZE, default=65536): cv.int_range(256, 65536),
             cv.Optional(CONF_REQUEST_HEADERS): cv.All(
                 cv.Schema({cv.string: cv.templatable(cv.string)})
             ),
+            cv.Required(CONF_FORMAT): cv.one_of(*IMAGE_FORMATS, upper=True),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_PLACEHOLDER): cv.use_id(Image_),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_BUFFER_SIZE, default=65536): cv.int_range(256, 65536),
             cv.Optional(CONF_ON_DOWNLOAD_FINISHED): automation.validate_automation(
                 {
                     cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRIGGER_ID): cv.declare_id(
@@ -87,7 +162,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
             rp2040_arduino=cv.Version(0, 0, 0),
             host=cv.Version(0, 0, 0),
         ),
-        runtime_image.validate_runtime_image_settings,
+        validate_settings,
     )
 )
 
@@ -124,21 +199,23 @@ async def online_image_action_to_code(config, action_id, template_arg, args):
 
 
 async def to_code(config):
-    # Use the enhanced helper function to get all runtime image parameters
-    settings = await runtime_image.process_runtime_image_config(config)
+    image_format = IMAGE_FORMATS[config[CONF_FORMAT]]
+    image_format.actions()
 
     url = config[CONF_URL]
+    width, height = config.get(CONF_RESIZE, (0, 0))
+    transparent = get_transparency_enum(config[CONF_TRANSPARENCY])
+
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(
         config[CONF_ID],
         url,
-        settings.width,
-        settings.height,
-        settings.format_enum,
-        settings.image_type_enum,
-        settings.transparent,
-        settings.placeholder or cg.nullptr,
+        width,
+        height,
+        image_format.enum,
+        get_image_type_enum(config[CONF_TYPE]),
+        transparent,
         config[CONF_BUFFER_SIZE],
-        settings.byte_order_big_endian,
+        config.get(CONF_BYTE_ORDER) != "LITTLE_ENDIAN",
     )
     await cg.register_component(var, config)
     await cg.register_parented(var, config[CONF_HTTP_REQUEST_ID])
@@ -150,6 +227,10 @@ async def to_code(config):
         else:
             cg.add(var.add_request_header(key, value))
 
+    if placeholder_id := config.get(CONF_PLACEHOLDER):
+        placeholder = await cg.get_variable(placeholder_id)
+        cg.add(var.set_placeholder(placeholder))
+
     for conf in config.get(CONF_ON_DOWNLOAD_FINISHED, []):
         trigger = cg.new_Pvariable(conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID], var)
         await automation.build_automation(trigger, [(bool, "cached")], conf)

esphome/components/online_image/bmp_image.cpp

@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
-#include "bmp_decoder.h"
+#include "bmp_image.h"
 
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_BMP
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_BMP_SUPPORT
 
 #include "esphome/components/display/display.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
-namespace esphome::runtime_image {
+namespace esphome {
+namespace online_image {
 
-static const char *const TAG = "image_decoder.bmp";
+static const char *const TAG = "online_image.bmp";
 
 int HOT BmpDecoder::decode(uint8_t *buffer, size_t size) {
   size_t index = 0;
@@ -29,11 +30,7 @@ int HOT BmpDecoder::decode(uint8_t *buffer, size_t size) {
       return DECODE_ERROR_INVALID_TYPE;
     }
 
-    // BMP file contains its own size in the header
-    size_t file_size = encode_uint32(buffer[5], buffer[4], buffer[3], buffer[2]);
-    if (this->expected_size_ == 0) {
-      this->expected_size_ = file_size;  // Use file header size if not provided
-    }
+    this->download_size_ = encode_uint32(buffer[5], buffer[4], buffer[3], buffer[2]);
     this->data_offset_ = encode_uint32(buffer[13], buffer[12], buffer[11], buffer[10]);
 
     this->current_index_ = 14;
@@ -93,8 +90,8 @@ int HOT BmpDecoder::decode(uint8_t *buffer, size_t size) {
       while (index < size) {
         uint8_t current_byte = buffer[index];
         for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
-          size_t x = (this->paint_index_ % static_cast<size_t>(this->width_)) + i;
-          size_t y = static_cast<size_t>(this->height_ - 1) - (this->paint_index_ / static_cast<size_t>(this->width_));
+          size_t x = (this->paint_index_ % this->width_) + i;
+          size_t y = (this->height_ - 1) - (this->paint_index_ / this->width_);
           Color c = (current_byte & (1 << (7 - i))) ? display::COLOR_ON : display::COLOR_OFF;
           this->draw(x, y, 1, 1, c);
         }
@@ -113,8 +110,8 @@ int HOT BmpDecoder::decode(uint8_t *buffer, size_t size) {
         uint8_t b = buffer[index];
         uint8_t g = buffer[index + 1];
         uint8_t r = buffer[index + 2];
-        size_t x = this->paint_index_ % static_cast<size_t>(this->width_);
-        size_t y = static_cast<size_t>(this->height_ - 1) - (this->paint_index_ / static_cast<size_t>(this->width_));
+        size_t x = this->paint_index_ % this->width_;
+        size_t y = (this->height_ - 1) - (this->paint_index_ / this->width_);
         Color c = Color(r, g, b);
         this->draw(x, y, 1, 1, c);
         this->paint_index_++;
@@ -136,6 +133,7 @@ int HOT BmpDecoder::decode(uint8_t *buffer, size_t size) {
   return size;
 };
 
-}  // namespace esphome::runtime_image
+}  // namespace online_image
+}  // namespace esphome
 
-#endif  // USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_BMP
+#endif  // USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_BMP_SUPPORT

esphome/components/online_image/bmp_image.h

@@ -1,32 +1,27 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_BMP
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_BMP_SUPPORT
 
 #include "image_decoder.h"
-#include "runtime_image.h"
 
-namespace esphome::runtime_image {
+namespace esphome {
+namespace online_image {
 
 /**
- * @brief Image decoder specialization for BMP images.
+ * @brief Image decoder specialization for PNG images.
  */
 class BmpDecoder : public ImageDecoder {
  public:
   /**
    * @brief Construct a new BMP Decoder object.
    *
-   * @param image The RuntimeImage to decode the stream into.
+   * @param display The image to decode the stream into.
    */
-  BmpDecoder(RuntimeImage *image) : ImageDecoder(image) {}
+  BmpDecoder(OnlineImage *image) : ImageDecoder(image) {}
 
   int HOT decode(uint8_t *buffer, size_t size) override;
 
-  bool is_finished() const override {
-    // BMP is finished when we've decoded all pixel data
-    return this->paint_index_ >= static_cast<size_t>(this->width_ * this->height_);
-  }
-
  protected:
   size_t current_index_{0};
   size_t paint_index_{0};
@@ -41,6 +36,7 @@ class BmpDecoder : public ImageDecoder {
   uint8_t padding_bytes_{0};
 };
 
-}  // namespace esphome::runtime_image
+}  // namespace online_image
+}  // namespace esphome
 
-#endif  // USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_BMP
+#endif  // USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_BMP_SUPPORT

esphome/components/online_image/download_buffer.h

@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
-#include <cstddef>
-#include <cstdint>
-
-namespace esphome::online_image {
-
-/**
- * @brief Buffer for managing downloaded data.
- *
- * This class provides a buffer for downloading data with tracking of
- * unread bytes and dynamic resizing capabilities.
- */
-class DownloadBuffer {
- public:
-  DownloadBuffer(size_t size);
-  ~DownloadBuffer() { this->allocator_.deallocate(this->buffer_, this->size_); }
-
-  uint8_t *data(size_t offset = 0);
-  uint8_t *append() { return this->data(this->unread_); }
-
-  size_t unread() const { return this->unread_; }
-  size_t size() const { return this->size_; }
-  size_t free_capacity() const { return this->size_ - this->unread_; }
-
-  size_t read(size_t len);
-  size_t write(size_t len) {
-    this->unread_ += len;
-    return this->unread_;
-  }
-
-  void reset() { this->unread_ = 0; }
-  size_t resize(size_t size);
-
- protected:
-  RAMAllocator<uint8_t> allocator_{};
-  uint8_t *buffer_;
-  size_t size_;
-  /** Total number of downloaded bytes not yet read. */
-  size_t unread_;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::online_image

esphome/components/online_image/image_decoder.cpp

@@ -1,10 +1,29 @@
-#include "download_buffer.h"
+#include "image_decoder.h"
+#include "online_image.h"
+
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
-#include <cstring>
 
-namespace esphome::online_image {
+namespace esphome {
+namespace online_image {
 
-static const char *const TAG = "online_image.download_buffer";
+static const char *const TAG = "online_image.decoder";
+
+bool ImageDecoder::set_size(int width, int height) {
+  bool success = this->image_->resize_(width, height) > 0;
+  this->x_scale_ = static_cast<double>(this->image_->buffer_width_) / width;
+  this->y_scale_ = static_cast<double>(this->image_->buffer_height_) / height;
+  return success;
+}
+
+void ImageDecoder::draw(int x, int y, int w, int h, const Color &color) {
+  auto width = std::min(this->image_->buffer_width_, static_cast<int>(std::ceil((x + w) * this->x_scale_)));
+  auto height = std::min(this->image_->buffer_height_, static_cast<int>(std::ceil((y + h) * this->y_scale_)));
+  for (int i = x * this->x_scale_; i < width; i++) {
+    for (int j = y * this->y_scale_; j < height; j++) {
+      this->image_->draw_pixel_(i, j, color);
+    }
+  }
+}
 
 DownloadBuffer::DownloadBuffer(size_t size) : size_(size) {
   this->buffer_ = this->allocator_.allocate(size);
@@ -24,12 +43,10 @@ uint8_t *DownloadBuffer::data(size_t offset) {
 }
 
 size_t DownloadBuffer::read(size_t len) {
-  if (len >= this->unread_) {
-    this->unread_ = 0;
-    return 0;
-  }
   this->unread_ -= len;
-  memmove(this->data(), this->data(len), this->unread_);
+  if (this->unread_ > 0) {
+    memmove(this->data(), this->data(len), this->unread_);
+  }
   return this->unread_;
 }
 
@@ -52,4 +69,5 @@ size_t DownloadBuffer::resize(size_t size) {
   }
 }
 
-}  // namespace esphome::online_image
+}  // namespace online_image
+}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/online_image/image_decoder.h

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #pragma once
 #include "esphome/core/color.h"
 
-namespace esphome::runtime_image {
+namespace esphome {
+namespace online_image {
 
 enum DecodeError : int {
   DECODE_ERROR_INVALID_TYPE = -1,
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ enum DecodeError : int {
   DECODE_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY = -3,
 };
 
-class RuntimeImage;
+class OnlineImage;
 
 /**
  * @brief Class to abstract decoding different image formats.
@@ -19,19 +20,19 @@ class ImageDecoder {
   /**
    * @brief Construct a new Image Decoder object
    *
-   * @param image The RuntimeImage to decode the stream into.
+   * @param image The image to decode the stream into.
    */
-  ImageDecoder(RuntimeImage *image) : image_(image) {}
+  ImageDecoder(OnlineImage *image) : image_(image) {}
   virtual ~ImageDecoder() = default;
 
   /**
    * @brief Initialize the decoder.
    *
-   * @param expected_size Hint about the expected data size (0 if unknown).
+   * @param download_size The total number of bytes that need to be downloaded for the image.
    * @return int          Returns 0 on success, a {@see DecodeError} value in case of an error.
    */
-  virtual int prepare(size_t expected_size) {
-    this->expected_size_ = expected_size;
+  virtual int prepare(size_t download_size) {
+    this->download_size_ = download_size;
     return 0;
   }
 
@@ -72,26 +73,49 @@ class ImageDecoder {
    */
   void draw(int x, int y, int w, int h, const Color &color);
 
-  /**
-   * @brief Check if the decoder has finished processing.
-   *
-   * This should be overridden by decoders that can detect completion
-   * based on format-specific markers rather than byte counts.
-   */
-  virtual bool is_finished() const {
-    if (this->expected_size_ > 0) {
-      return this->decoded_bytes_ >= this->expected_size_;
-    }
-    // If size is unknown, derived classes should override this
-    return false;
-  }
+  bool is_finished() const { return this->decoded_bytes_ == this->download_size_; }
 
  protected:
-  RuntimeImage *image_;
-  size_t expected_size_ = 0;  // Expected data size (0 if unknown)
-  size_t decoded_bytes_ = 0;  // Bytes processed so far
+  OnlineImage *image_;
+  // Initializing to 1, to ensure it is distinguishable from initial "decoded_bytes_".
+  // Will be overwritten anyway once the download size is known.
+  size_t download_size_ = 1;
+  size_t decoded_bytes_ = 0;
   double x_scale_ = 1.0;
   double y_scale_ = 1.0;
 };
 
-}  // namespace esphome::runtime_image
+class DownloadBuffer {
+ public:
+  DownloadBuffer(size_t size);
+
+  virtual ~DownloadBuffer() { this->allocator_.deallocate(this->buffer_, this->size_); }
+
+  uint8_t *data(size_t offset = 0);
+
+  uint8_t *append() { return this->data(this->unread_); }
+
+  size_t unread() const { return this->unread_; }
+  size_t size() const { return this->size_; }
+  size_t free_capacity() const { return this->size_ - this->unread_; }
+
+  size_t read(size_t len);
+  size_t write(size_t len) {
+    this->unread_ += len;
+    return this->unread_;
+  }
+
+  void reset() { this->unread_ = 0; }
+
+  size_t resize(size_t size);
+
+ protected:
+  RAMAllocator<uint8_t> allocator_{};
+  uint8_t *buffer_;
+  size_t size_;
+  /** Total number of downloaded bytes not yet read. */
+  size_t unread_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace online_image
+}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/online_image/jpeg_image.cpp

@@ -1,19 +1,16 @@
-#include "jpeg_decoder.h"
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_JPEG
+#include "jpeg_image.h"
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_JPEG_SUPPORT
 
 #include "esphome/components/display/display_buffer.h"
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
-#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
-#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
-#include "esp_task_wdt.h"
-#endif
+#include "online_image.h"
+static const char *const TAG = "online_image.jpeg";
 
-static const char *const TAG = "image_decoder.jpeg";
-
-namespace esphome::runtime_image {
+namespace esphome {
+namespace online_image {
 
 /**
  * @brief Callback method that will be called by the JPEGDEC engine when a chunk
@@ -25,14 +22,8 @@ static int draw_callback(JPEGDRAW *jpeg) {
   ImageDecoder *decoder = (ImageDecoder *) jpeg->pUser;
 
   // Some very big images take too long to decode, so feed the watchdog on each callback
-  // to avoid crashing if the executing task has a watchdog enabled.
-#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
-  if (esp_task_wdt_status(nullptr) == ESP_OK) {
-#endif
-    App.feed_wdt();
-#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
-  }
-#endif
+  // to avoid crashing.
+  App.feed_wdt();
   size_t position = 0;
   size_t height = static_cast<size_t>(jpeg->iHeight);
   size_t width = static_cast<size_t>(jpeg->iWidth);
@@ -52,23 +43,22 @@ static int draw_callback(JPEGDRAW *jpeg) {
   return 1;
 }
 
-int JpegDecoder::prepare(size_t expected_size) {
-  ImageDecoder::prepare(expected_size);
-  // JPEG decoder needs complete data before decoding
+int JpegDecoder::prepare(size_t download_size) {
+  ImageDecoder::prepare(download_size);
+  auto size = this->image_->resize_download_buffer(download_size);
+  if (size < download_size) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Download buffer resize failed!");
+    return DECODE_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
+  }
   return 0;
 }
 
 int HOT JpegDecoder::decode(uint8_t *buffer, size_t size) {
-  // JPEG decoder requires complete data
-  // If we know the expected size, wait for it
-  if (this->expected_size_ > 0 && size < this->expected_size_) {
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Download not complete. Size: %zu/%zu", size, this->expected_size_);
+  if (size < this->download_size_) {
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Download not complete. Size: %d/%d", size, this->download_size_);
     return 0;
   }
 
-  // If size unknown, try to decode and see if it's valid
-  // The JPEGDEC library will fail gracefully if data is incomplete
-
   if (!this->jpeg_.openRAM(buffer, size, draw_callback)) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Could not open image for decoding: %d", this->jpeg_.getLastError());
     return DECODE_ERROR_INVALID_TYPE;
@@ -98,6 +88,7 @@ int HOT JpegDecoder::decode(uint8_t *buffer, size_t size) {
   return size;
 }
 
-}  // namespace esphome::runtime_image
+}  // namespace online_image
+}  // namespace esphome
 
-#endif  // USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_JPEG
+#endif  // USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_JPEG_SUPPORT

esphome/components/online_image/jpeg_image.h

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "image_decoder.h"
-#include "runtime_image.h"
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_JPEG
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_JPEG_SUPPORT
 #include <JPEGDEC.h>
 
-namespace esphome::runtime_image {
+namespace esphome {
+namespace online_image {
 
 /**
  * @brief Image decoder specialization for JPEG images.
@@ -16,18 +16,19 @@ class JpegDecoder : public ImageDecoder {
   /**
    * @brief Construct a new JPEG Decoder object.
    *
-   * @param image The RuntimeImage to decode the stream into.
+   * @param display The image to decode the stream into.
    */
-  JpegDecoder(RuntimeImage *image) : ImageDecoder(image) {}
+  JpegDecoder(OnlineImage *image) : ImageDecoder(image) {}
   ~JpegDecoder() override {}
 
-  int prepare(size_t expected_size) override;
+  int prepare(size_t download_size) override;
   int HOT decode(uint8_t *buffer, size_t size) override;
 
  protected:
   JPEGDEC jpeg_{};
 };
 
-}  // namespace esphome::runtime_image
+}  // namespace online_image
+}  // namespace esphome
 
-#endif  // USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_JPEG
+#endif  // USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_JPEG_SUPPORT

esphome/components/online_image/online_image.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #include "online_image.h"
+
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
-#include <algorithm>
 
 static const char *const TAG = "online_image";
 static const char *const ETAG_HEADER_NAME = "etag";
@@ -8,82 +8,142 @@ static const char *const IF_NONE_MATCH_HEADER_NAME = "if-none-match";
 static const char *const LAST_MODIFIED_HEADER_NAME = "last-modified";
 static const char *const IF_MODIFIED_SINCE_HEADER_NAME = "if-modified-since";
 
-namespace esphome::online_image {
+#include "image_decoder.h"
 
-OnlineImage::OnlineImage(const std::string &url, int width, int height, runtime_image::ImageFormat format,
-                         image::ImageType type, image::Transparency transparency, image::Image *placeholder,
-                         uint32_t buffer_size, bool is_big_endian)
-    : RuntimeImage(format, type, transparency, placeholder, is_big_endian, width, height),
-      download_buffer_(buffer_size),
-      download_buffer_initial_size_(buffer_size) {
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_BMP_SUPPORT
+#include "bmp_image.h"
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_JPEG_SUPPORT
+#include "jpeg_image.h"
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_PNG_SUPPORT
+#include "png_image.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace online_image {
+
+using image::ImageType;
+
+inline bool is_color_on(const Color &color) {
+  // This produces the most accurate monochrome conversion, but is slightly slower.
+  //  return (0.2125 * color.r + 0.7154 * color.g + 0.0721 * color.b) > 127;
+
+  // Approximation using fast integer computations; produces acceptable results
+  // Equivalent to 0.25 * R + 0.5 * G + 0.25 * B
+  return ((color.r >> 2) + (color.g >> 1) + (color.b >> 2)) & 0x80;
+}
+
+OnlineImage::OnlineImage(const std::string &url, int width, int height, ImageFormat format, ImageType type,
+                         image::Transparency transparency, uint32_t download_buffer_size, bool is_big_endian)
+    : Image(nullptr, 0, 0, type, transparency),
+      buffer_(nullptr),
+      download_buffer_(download_buffer_size),
+      download_buffer_initial_size_(download_buffer_size),
+      format_(format),
+      fixed_width_(width),
+      fixed_height_(height),
+      is_big_endian_(is_big_endian) {
   this->set_url(url);
 }
 
-bool OnlineImage::validate_url_(const std::string &url) {
-  if (url.empty()) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "URL is empty");
-    return false;
+void OnlineImage::draw(int x, int y, display::Display *display, Color color_on, Color color_off) {
+  if (this->data_start_) {
+    Image::draw(x, y, display, color_on, color_off);
+  } else if (this->placeholder_) {
+    this->placeholder_->draw(x, y, display, color_on, color_off);
   }
-  if (url.length() > 2048) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "URL is too long");
-    return false;
+}
+
+void OnlineImage::release() {
+  if (this->buffer_) {
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Deallocating old buffer");
+    this->allocator_.deallocate(this->buffer_, this->get_buffer_size_());
+    this->data_start_ = nullptr;
+    this->buffer_ = nullptr;
+    this->width_ = 0;
+    this->height_ = 0;
+    this->buffer_width_ = 0;
+    this->buffer_height_ = 0;
+    this->last_modified_ = "";
+    this->etag_ = "";
+    this->end_connection_();
   }
-  if (url.compare(0, 7, "http://") != 0 && url.compare(0, 8, "https://") != 0) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "URL must start with http:// or https://");
-    return false;
+}
+
+size_t OnlineImage::resize_(int width_in, int height_in) {
+  int width = this->fixed_width_;
+  int height = this->fixed_height_;
+  if (this->is_auto_resize_()) {
+    width = width_in;
+    height = height_in;
+    if (this->width_ != width && this->height_ != height) {
+      this->release();
+    }
   }
-  return true;
+  size_t new_size = this->get_buffer_size_(width, height);
+  if (this->buffer_) {
+    // Buffer already allocated => no need to resize
+    return new_size;
+  }
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Allocating new buffer of %zu bytes", new_size);
+  this->buffer_ = this->allocator_.allocate(new_size);
+  if (this->buffer_ == nullptr) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "allocation of %zu bytes failed. Biggest block in heap: %zu Bytes", new_size,
+             this->allocator_.get_max_free_block_size());
+    this->end_connection_();
+    return 0;
+  }
+  this->buffer_width_ = width;
+  this->buffer_height_ = height;
+  this->width_ = width;
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "New size: (%d, %d)", width, height);
+  return new_size;
 }
 
 void OnlineImage::update() {
-  if (this->is_decoding()) {
+  if (this->decoder_) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Image already being updated.");
     return;
   }
+  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Updating image %s", this->url_.c_str());
 
-  if (!this->validate_url_(this->url_)) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Invalid URL: %s", this->url_.c_str());
-    this->download_error_callback_.call();
-    return;
-  }
+  std::list<http_request::Header> headers = {};
 
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Updating image from %s", this->url_.c_str());
-
-  std::list<http_request::Header> headers;
-
-  // Add caching headers if we have them
-  if (!this->etag_.empty()) {
-    headers.push_back({IF_NONE_MATCH_HEADER_NAME, this->etag_});
-  }
-  if (!this->last_modified_.empty()) {
-    headers.push_back({IF_MODIFIED_SINCE_HEADER_NAME, this->last_modified_});
-  }
-
-  // Add Accept header based on image format
-  const char *accept_mime_type;
-  switch (this->get_format()) {
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_BMP
-    case runtime_image::BMP:
-      accept_mime_type = "image/bmp,*/*;q=0.8";
+  http_request::Header accept_header;
+  accept_header.name = "Accept";
+  std::string accept_mime_type;
+  switch (this->format_) {
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_BMP_SUPPORT
+    case ImageFormat::BMP:
+      accept_mime_type = "image/bmp";
       break;
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_JPEG
-    case runtime_image::JPEG:
-      accept_mime_type = "image/jpeg,*/*;q=0.8";
+#endif  // USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_BMP_SUPPORT
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_JPEG_SUPPORT
+    case ImageFormat::JPEG:
+      accept_mime_type = "image/jpeg";
       break;
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_PNG
-    case runtime_image::PNG:
-      accept_mime_type = "image/png,*/*;q=0.8";
+#endif  // USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_JPEG_SUPPORT
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_PNG_SUPPORT
+    case ImageFormat::PNG:
+      accept_mime_type = "image/png";
       break;
-#endif
+#endif  // USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_PNG_SUPPORT
     default:
-      accept_mime_type = "image/*,*/*;q=0.8";
-      break;
+      accept_mime_type = "image/*";
   }
-  headers.push_back({"Accept", accept_mime_type});
+  accept_header.value = accept_mime_type + ",*/*;q=0.8";
+
+  if (!this->etag_.empty()) {
+    headers.push_back(http_request::Header{IF_NONE_MATCH_HEADER_NAME, this->etag_});
+  }
+
+  if (!this->last_modified_.empty()) {
+    headers.push_back(http_request::Header{IF_MODIFIED_SINCE_HEADER_NAME, this->last_modified_});
+  }
+
+  headers.push_back(accept_header);
 
-  // User headers last so they can override any of the above
   for (auto &header : this->request_headers_) {
     headers.push_back(http_request::Header{header.first, header.second.value()});
   }
@@ -115,117 +175,186 @@ void OnlineImage::update() {
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Starting download");
   size_t total_size = this->downloader_->content_length;
 
-  // Initialize decoder with the known format
-  if (!this->begin_decode(total_size)) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to initialize decoder for format %d", this->get_format());
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_BMP_SUPPORT
+  if (this->format_ == ImageFormat::BMP) {
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Allocating BMP decoder");
+    this->decoder_ = make_unique<BmpDecoder>(this);
+    this->enable_loop();
+  }
+#endif  // USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_BMP_SUPPORT
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_JPEG_SUPPORT
+  if (this->format_ == ImageFormat::JPEG) {
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Allocating JPEG decoder");
+    this->decoder_ = esphome::make_unique<JpegDecoder>(this);
+    this->enable_loop();
+  }
+#endif  // USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_JPEG_SUPPORT
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_PNG_SUPPORT
+  if (this->format_ == ImageFormat::PNG) {
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Allocating PNG decoder");
+    this->decoder_ = make_unique<PngDecoder>(this);
+    this->enable_loop();
+  }
+#endif  // USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_PNG_SUPPORT
+
+  if (!this->decoder_) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Could not instantiate decoder. Image format unsupported: %d", this->format_);
     this->end_connection_();
     this->download_error_callback_.call();
     return;
   }
-
-  // JPEG requires the complete image in the download buffer before decoding
-  if (this->get_format() == runtime_image::JPEG && total_size > this->download_buffer_.size()) {
-    this->download_buffer_.resize(total_size);
+  auto prepare_result = this->decoder_->prepare(total_size);
+  if (prepare_result < 0) {
+    this->end_connection_();
+    this->download_error_callback_.call();
+    return;
   }
-
   ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Downloading image (Size: %zu)", total_size);
   this->start_time_ = ::time(nullptr);
-  this->enable_loop();
 }
 
 void OnlineImage::loop() {
-  if (!this->is_decoding()) {
+  if (!this->decoder_) {
     // Not decoding at the moment => nothing to do.
     this->disable_loop();
     return;
   }
-
-  if (!this->downloader_) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Downloader not instantiated; cannot download");
-    this->end_connection_();
-    this->download_error_callback_.call();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  // Check if download is complete — use decoder's format-specific completion check
-  // to handle both known content-length and chunked transfer encoding
-  if (this->is_decode_finished() || (this->downloader_->content_length > 0 &&
-                                     this->downloader_->get_bytes_read() >= this->downloader_->content_length &&
-                                     this->download_buffer_.unread() == 0)) {
-    // Finalize decoding
-    this->end_decode();
-
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Image fully downloaded, %zu bytes in %" PRIu32 "s", this->downloader_->get_bytes_read(),
-             (uint32_t) (::time(nullptr) - this->start_time_));
-
-    // Save caching headers
+  if (!this->downloader_ || this->decoder_->is_finished()) {
+    this->data_start_ = buffer_;
+    this->width_ = buffer_width_;
+    this->height_ = buffer_height_;
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Image fully downloaded, read %zu bytes, width/height = %d/%d", this->downloader_->get_bytes_read(),
+             this->width_, this->height_);
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Total time: %" PRIu32 "s", (uint32_t) (::time(nullptr) - this->start_time_));
     this->etag_ = this->downloader_->get_response_header(ETAG_HEADER_NAME);
     this->last_modified_ = this->downloader_->get_response_header(LAST_MODIFIED_HEADER_NAME);
-
     this->download_finished_callback_.call(false);
     this->end_connection_();
     return;
   }
-
-  // Download and decode more data
+  if (this->downloader_ == nullptr) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Downloader not instantiated; cannot download");
+    return;
+  }
   size_t available = this->download_buffer_.free_capacity();
-  if (available > 0) {
-    // Download in chunks to avoid blocking
+  if (available) {
+    // Some decoders need to fully download the image before downloading.
+    // In case of huge images, don't wait blocking until the whole image has been downloaded,
+    // use smaller chunks
     available = std::min(available, this->download_buffer_initial_size_);
     auto len = this->downloader_->read(this->download_buffer_.append(), available);
-
     if (len > 0) {
       this->download_buffer_.write(len);
-
-      // Feed data to decoder
-      auto consumed = this->feed_data(this->download_buffer_.data(), this->download_buffer_.unread());
-
-      if (consumed < 0) {
-        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error decoding image: %d", consumed);
+      auto fed = this->decoder_->decode(this->download_buffer_.data(), this->download_buffer_.unread());
+      if (fed < 0) {
+        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error when decoding image.");
         this->end_connection_();
         this->download_error_callback_.call();
         return;
       }
-
-      if (consumed > 0) {
-        this->download_buffer_.read(consumed);
-      }
-    } else if (len < 0) {
-      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error downloading image: %d", len);
-      this->end_connection_();
-      this->download_error_callback_.call();
-      return;
+      this->download_buffer_.read(fed);
     }
-  } else {
-    // Buffer is full, need to decode some data first
-    auto consumed = this->feed_data(this->download_buffer_.data(), this->download_buffer_.unread());
-    if (consumed > 0) {
-      this->download_buffer_.read(consumed);
-    } else if (consumed < 0) {
-      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Decode error with full buffer: %d", consumed);
-      this->end_connection_();
-      this->download_error_callback_.call();
-      return;
-    } else {
-      // Decoder can't process more data, might need complete image
-      // This is normal for JPEG which needs complete data
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Decoder waiting for more data");
+  }
+}
+
+void OnlineImage::map_chroma_key(Color &color) {
+  if (this->transparency_ == image::TRANSPARENCY_CHROMA_KEY) {
+    if (color.g == 1 && color.r == 0 && color.b == 0) {
+      color.g = 0;
+    }
+    if (color.w < 0x80) {
+      color.r = 0;
+      color.g = this->type_ == ImageType::IMAGE_TYPE_RGB565 ? 4 : 1;
+      color.b = 0;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void OnlineImage::draw_pixel_(int x, int y, Color color) {
+  if (!this->buffer_) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Buffer not allocated!");
+    return;
+  }
+  if (x < 0 || y < 0 || x >= this->buffer_width_ || y >= this->buffer_height_) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Tried to paint a pixel (%d,%d) outside the image!", x, y);
+    return;
+  }
+  uint32_t pos = this->get_position_(x, y);
+  switch (this->type_) {
+    case ImageType::IMAGE_TYPE_BINARY: {
+      const uint32_t width_8 = ((this->width_ + 7u) / 8u) * 8u;
+      pos = x + y * width_8;
+      auto bitno = 0x80 >> (pos % 8u);
+      pos /= 8u;
+      auto on = is_color_on(color);
+      if (this->has_transparency() && color.w < 0x80)
+        on = false;
+      if (on) {
+        this->buffer_[pos] |= bitno;
+      } else {
+        this->buffer_[pos] &= ~bitno;
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case ImageType::IMAGE_TYPE_GRAYSCALE: {
+      auto gray = static_cast<uint8_t>(0.2125 * color.r + 0.7154 * color.g + 0.0721 * color.b);
+      if (this->transparency_ == image::TRANSPARENCY_CHROMA_KEY) {
+        if (gray == 1) {
+          gray = 0;
+        }
+        if (color.w < 0x80) {
+          gray = 1;
+        }
+      } else if (this->transparency_ == image::TRANSPARENCY_ALPHA_CHANNEL) {
+        if (color.w != 0xFF)
+          gray = color.w;
+      }
+      this->buffer_[pos] = gray;
+      break;
+    }
+    case ImageType::IMAGE_TYPE_RGB565: {
+      this->map_chroma_key(color);
+      uint16_t col565 = display::ColorUtil::color_to_565(color);
+      if (this->is_big_endian_) {
+        this->buffer_[pos + 0] = static_cast<uint8_t>((col565 >> 8) & 0xFF);
+        this->buffer_[pos + 1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(col565 & 0xFF);
+      } else {
+        this->buffer_[pos + 0] = static_cast<uint8_t>(col565 & 0xFF);
+        this->buffer_[pos + 1] = static_cast<uint8_t>((col565 >> 8) & 0xFF);
+      }
+      if (this->transparency_ == image::TRANSPARENCY_ALPHA_CHANNEL) {
+        this->buffer_[pos + 2] = color.w;
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case ImageType::IMAGE_TYPE_RGB: {
+      this->map_chroma_key(color);
+      this->buffer_[pos + 0] = color.r;
+      this->buffer_[pos + 1] = color.g;
+      this->buffer_[pos + 2] = color.b;
+      if (this->transparency_ == image::TRANSPARENCY_ALPHA_CHANNEL) {
+        this->buffer_[pos + 3] = color.w;
+      }
+      break;
     }
   }
 }
 
 void OnlineImage::end_connection_() {
-  // Abort any in-progress decode to free decoder resources.
-  // Use RuntimeImage::release() directly to avoid recursion with OnlineImage::release().
-  if (this->is_decoding()) {
-    RuntimeImage::release();
-  }
   if (this->downloader_) {
     this->downloader_->end();
     this->downloader_ = nullptr;
   }
+  this->decoder_.reset();
   this->download_buffer_.reset();
-  this->disable_loop();
+}
+
+bool OnlineImage::validate_url_(const std::string &url) {
+  if ((url.length() < 8) || !url.starts_with("http") || (url.find("://") == std::string::npos)) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "URL is invalid and/or must be prefixed with 'http://' or 'https://'");
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
 }
 
 void OnlineImage::add_on_finished_callback(std::function<void(bool)> &&callback) {
@@ -236,16 +365,5 @@ void OnlineImage::add_on_error_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback) {
   this->download_error_callback_.add(std::move(callback));
 }
 
-void OnlineImage::release() {
-  // Clear cache headers
-  this->etag_ = "";
-  this->last_modified_ = "";
-
-  // End any active connection
-  this->end_connection_();
-
-  // Call parent's release to free the image buffer
-  RuntimeImage::release();
-}
-
-}  // namespace esphome::online_image
+}  // namespace online_image
+}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/online_image/online_image.h

@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "download_buffer.h"
 #include "esphome/components/http_request/http_request.h"
-#include "esphome/components/runtime_image/runtime_image.h"
-#include "esphome/core/automation.h"
+#include "esphome/components/image/image.h"
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
-namespace esphome::online_image {
+#include "image_decoder.h"
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace online_image {
 
 using t_http_codes = enum {
   HTTP_CODE_OK = 200,
@@ -16,13 +17,27 @@ using t_http_codes = enum {
   HTTP_CODE_NOT_FOUND = 404,
 };
 
+/**
+ * @brief Format that the image is encoded with.
+ */
+enum ImageFormat {
+  /** Automatically detect from MIME type. Not supported yet. */
+  AUTO,
+  /** JPEG format. */
+  JPEG,
+  /** PNG format. */
+  PNG,
+  /** BMP format. */
+  BMP,
+};
+
 /**
  * @brief Download an image from a given URL, and decode it using the specified decoder.
  * The image will then be stored in a buffer, so that it can be re-displayed without the
  * need to re-download or re-decode.
  */
 class OnlineImage : public PollingComponent,
-                    public runtime_image::RuntimeImage,
+                    public image::Image,
                     public Parented<esphome::http_request::HttpRequestComponent> {
  public:
   /**
@@ -31,19 +46,17 @@ class OnlineImage : public PollingComponent,
    * @param url URL to download the image from.
    * @param width Desired width of the target image area.
    * @param height Desired height of the target image area.
-   * @param format Format that the image is encoded in (@see runtime_image::ImageFormat).
-   * @param type The pixel format for the image.
-   * @param transparency The transparency type for the image.
-   * @param placeholder Optional placeholder image to show while loading.
+   * @param format Format that the image is encoded in (@see ImageFormat).
    * @param buffer_size Size of the buffer used to download the image.
-   * @param is_big_endian Whether the image is stored in big-endian format.
    */
-  OnlineImage(const std::string &url, int width, int height, runtime_image::ImageFormat format, image::ImageType type,
-              image::Transparency transparency, image::Image *placeholder, uint32_t buffer_size,
-              bool is_big_endian = false);
+  OnlineImage(const std::string &url, int width, int height, ImageFormat format, image::ImageType type,
+              image::Transparency transparency, uint32_t buffer_size, bool is_big_endian);
+
+  void draw(int x, int y, display::Display *display, Color color_on, Color color_off) override;
 
   void update() override;
   void loop() override;
+  void map_chroma_key(Color &color);
 
   /** Set the URL to download the image from. */
   void set_url(const std::string &url) {
@@ -56,26 +69,82 @@ class OnlineImage : public PollingComponent,
 
   /** Add the request header */
   template<typename V> void add_request_header(const std::string &header, V value) {
-    this->request_headers_.push_back(std::pair<std::string, TemplatableValue<std::string>>(header, value));
+    this->request_headers_.push_back(std::pair<std::string, TemplatableValue<std::string> >(header, value));
   }
 
+  /**
+   * @brief Set the image that needs to be shown as long as the downloaded image
+   *  is not available.
+   *
+   * @param placeholder Pointer to the (@link Image) to show as placeholder.
+   */
+  void set_placeholder(image::Image *placeholder) { this->placeholder_ = placeholder; }
+
   /**
    * Release the buffer storing the image. The image will need to be downloaded again
    * to be able to be displayed.
    */
   void release();
 
+  /**
+   * Resize the download buffer
+   *
+   * @param size The new size for the download buffer.
+   */
+  size_t resize_download_buffer(size_t size) { return this->download_buffer_.resize(size); }
+
   void add_on_finished_callback(std::function<void(bool)> &&callback);
   void add_on_error_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback);
 
  protected:
   bool validate_url_(const std::string &url);
+
+  RAMAllocator<uint8_t> allocator_{};
+
+  uint32_t get_buffer_size_() const { return get_buffer_size_(this->buffer_width_, this->buffer_height_); }
+  int get_buffer_size_(int width, int height) const { return (this->get_bpp() * width + 7u) / 8u * height; }
+
+  int get_position_(int x, int y) const { return (x + y * this->buffer_width_) * this->get_bpp() / 8; }
+
+  ESPHOME_ALWAYS_INLINE bool is_auto_resize_() const { return this->fixed_width_ == 0 || this->fixed_height_ == 0; }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Resize the image buffer to the requested dimensions.
+   *
+   * The buffer will be allocated if not existing.
+   * If the dimensions have been fixed in the yaml config, the buffer will be created
+   * with those dimensions and not resized, even on request.
+   * Otherwise, the old buffer will be deallocated and a new buffer with the requested
+   * allocated
+   *
+   * @param width
+   * @param height
+   * @return 0 if no memory could be allocated, the size of the new buffer otherwise.
+   */
+  size_t resize_(int width, int height);
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Draw a pixel into the buffer.
+   *
+   * This is used by the decoder to fill the buffer that will later be displayed
+   * by the `draw` method. This will internally convert the supplied 32 bit RGBA
+   * color into the requested image storage format.
+   *
+   * @param x Horizontal pixel position.
+   * @param y Vertical pixel position.
+   * @param color 32 bit color to put into the pixel.
+   */
+  void draw_pixel_(int x, int y, Color color);
+
   void end_connection_();
 
   CallbackManager<void(bool)> download_finished_callback_{};
   CallbackManager<void()> download_error_callback_{};
 
   std::shared_ptr<http_request::HttpContainer> downloader_{nullptr};
+  std::unique_ptr<ImageDecoder> decoder_{nullptr};
+
+  uint8_t *buffer_;
   DownloadBuffer download_buffer_;
   /**
    * This is the *initial* size of the download buffer, not the current size.
@@ -84,10 +153,40 @@ class OnlineImage : public PollingComponent,
    */
   size_t download_buffer_initial_size_;
 
+  const ImageFormat format_;
+  image::Image *placeholder_{nullptr};
+
   std::string url_{""};
 
-  std::vector<std::pair<std::string, TemplatableValue<std::string>>> request_headers_;
+  std::vector<std::pair<std::string, TemplatableValue<std::string> > > request_headers_;
 
+  /** width requested on configuration, or 0 if non specified. */
+  const int fixed_width_;
+  /** height requested on configuration, or 0 if non specified. */
+  const int fixed_height_;
+  /**
+   * Whether the image is stored in big-endian format.
+   * This is used to determine how to store 16 bit colors in the buffer.
+   */
+  bool is_big_endian_;
+  /**
+   * Actual width of the current image. If fixed_width_ is specified,
+   * this will be equal to it; otherwise it will be set once the decoding
+   * starts and the original size is known.
+   * This needs to be separate from "BaseImage::get_width()" because the latter
+   * must return 0 until the image has been decoded (to avoid showing partially
+   * decoded images).
+   */
+  int buffer_width_;
+  /**
+   * Actual height of the current image. If fixed_height_ is specified,
+   * this will be equal to it; otherwise it will be set once the decoding
+   * starts and the original size is known.
+   * This needs to be separate from "BaseImage::get_height()" because the latter
+   * must return 0 until the image has been decoded (to avoid showing partially
+   * decoded images).
+   */
+  int buffer_height_;
   /**
    * The value of the ETag HTTP header provided in the last response.
    */
@@ -98,6 +197,9 @@ class OnlineImage : public PollingComponent,
   std::string last_modified_ = "";
 
   time_t start_time_;
+
+  friend bool ImageDecoder::set_size(int width, int height);
+  friend void ImageDecoder::draw(int x, int y, int w, int h, const Color &color);
 };
 
 template<typename... Ts> class OnlineImageSetUrlAction : public Action<Ts...> {
@@ -139,4 +241,5 @@ class DownloadErrorTrigger : public Trigger<> {
   }
 };
 
-}  // namespace esphome::online_image
+}  // namespace online_image
+}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/online_image/png_image.cpp

@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
-#include "png_decoder.h"
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_PNG
+#include "png_image.h"
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_PNG_SUPPORT
 
 #include "esphome/components/display/display_buffer.h"
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
-static const char *const TAG = "image_decoder.png";
+static const char *const TAG = "online_image.png";
 
-namespace esphome::runtime_image {
+namespace esphome {
+namespace online_image {
 
 /**
  * @brief Callback method that will be called by the PNGLE engine when the basic
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ static void draw_callback(pngle_t *pngle, uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t w, ui
   }
 }
 
-PngDecoder::PngDecoder(RuntimeImage *image) : ImageDecoder(image) {
+PngDecoder::PngDecoder(OnlineImage *image) : ImageDecoder(image) {
   {
     pngle_t *pngle = this->allocator_.allocate(1, PNGLE_T_SIZE);
     if (!pngle) {
@@ -68,8 +69,8 @@ PngDecoder::~PngDecoder() {
   }
 }
 
-int PngDecoder::prepare(size_t expected_size) {
-  ImageDecoder::prepare(expected_size);
+int PngDecoder::prepare(size_t download_size) {
+  ImageDecoder::prepare(download_size);
   if (!this->pngle_) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "PNG decoder engine not initialized!");
     return DECODE_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
@@ -85,9 +86,8 @@ int HOT PngDecoder::decode(uint8_t *buffer, size_t size) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "PNG decoder engine not initialized!");
     return DECODE_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
   }
-  // PNG can be decoded progressively, but wait for a reasonable chunk
-  if (size < 256 && this->expected_size_ > 0 && size < this->expected_size_ - this->decoded_bytes_) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Waiting for more data");
+  if (size < 256 && size < this->download_size_ - this->decoded_bytes_) {
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Waiting for data");
     return 0;
   }
   auto fed = pngle_feed(this->pngle_, buffer, size);
@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ int HOT PngDecoder::decode(uint8_t *buffer, size_t size) {
   return fed;
 }
 
-}  // namespace esphome::runtime_image
+}  // namespace online_image
+}  // namespace esphome
 
-#endif  // USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_PNG
+#endif  // USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_PNG_SUPPORT

esphome/components/online_image/png_image.h

@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "image_decoder.h"
-#include "runtime_image.h"
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_PNG
+#ifdef USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_PNG_SUPPORT
 #include <pngle.h>
 
-namespace esphome::runtime_image {
+namespace esphome {
+namespace online_image {
 
 /**
  * @brief Image decoder specialization for PNG images.
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ class PngDecoder : public ImageDecoder {
   /**
    * @brief Construct a new PNG Decoder object.
    *
-   * @param image The RuntimeImage to decode the stream into.
+   * @param display The image to decode the stream into.
    */
-  PngDecoder(RuntimeImage *image);
+  PngDecoder(OnlineImage *image);
   ~PngDecoder() override;
 
-  int prepare(size_t expected_size) override;
+  int prepare(size_t download_size) override;
   int HOT decode(uint8_t *buffer, size_t size) override;
 
   void increment_pixels_decoded(uint32_t count) { this->pixels_decoded_ += count; }
@@ -30,10 +30,11 @@ class PngDecoder : public ImageDecoder {
 
  protected:
   RAMAllocator<pngle_t> allocator_;
-  pngle_t *pngle_{nullptr};
+  pngle_t *pngle_;
   uint32_t pixels_decoded_{0};
 };
 
-}  // namespace esphome::runtime_image
+}  // namespace online_image
+}  // namespace esphome
 
-#endif  // USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_PNG
+#endif  // USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_PNG_SUPPORT

esphome/components/runtime_image/__init__.py

@@ -1,191 +0,0 @@
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-
-import esphome.codegen as cg
-from esphome.components.const import CONF_BYTE_ORDER
-from esphome.components.image import (
-    IMAGE_TYPE,
-    Image_,
-    validate_settings,
-    validate_transparency,
-    validate_type,
-)
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_FORMAT, CONF_ID, CONF_RESIZE, CONF_TYPE
-
-AUTO_LOAD = ["image"]
-CODEOWNERS = ["@guillempages", "@clydebarrow", "@kahrendt"]
-
-CONF_PLACEHOLDER = "placeholder"
-CONF_TRANSPARENCY = "transparency"
-
-runtime_image_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("runtime_image")
-
-# Base decoder classes
-ImageDecoder = runtime_image_ns.class_("ImageDecoder")
-BmpDecoder = runtime_image_ns.class_("BmpDecoder", ImageDecoder)
-JpegDecoder = runtime_image_ns.class_("JpegDecoder", ImageDecoder)
-PngDecoder = runtime_image_ns.class_("PngDecoder", ImageDecoder)
-
-# Runtime image class
-RuntimeImage = runtime_image_ns.class_(
-    "RuntimeImage", cg.esphome_ns.namespace("image").class_("Image")
-)
-
-# Image format enum
-ImageFormat = runtime_image_ns.enum("ImageFormat")
-IMAGE_FORMAT_AUTO = ImageFormat.AUTO
-IMAGE_FORMAT_JPEG = ImageFormat.JPEG
-IMAGE_FORMAT_PNG = ImageFormat.PNG
-IMAGE_FORMAT_BMP = ImageFormat.BMP
-
-# Export enum for decode errors
-DecodeError = runtime_image_ns.enum("DecodeError")
-DECODE_ERROR_INVALID_TYPE = DecodeError.DECODE_ERROR_INVALID_TYPE
-DECODE_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_FORMAT = DecodeError.DECODE_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_FORMAT
-DECODE_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY = DecodeError.DECODE_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY
-
-
-class Format:
-    """Base class for image format definitions."""
-
-    def __init__(self, name: str, decoder_class: cg.MockObjClass) -> None:
-        self.name = name
-        self.decoder_class = decoder_class
-
-    def actions(self) -> None:
-        """Add defines and libraries needed for this format."""
-
-
-class BMPFormat(Format):
-    """BMP format decoder configuration."""
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        super().__init__("BMP", BmpDecoder)
-
-    def actions(self) -> None:
-        cg.add_define("USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_BMP")
-
-
-class JPEGFormat(Format):
-    """JPEG format decoder configuration."""
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        super().__init__("JPEG", JpegDecoder)
-
-    def actions(self) -> None:
-        cg.add_define("USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_JPEG")
-        cg.add_library("JPEGDEC", None, "https://github.com/bitbank2/JPEGDEC#ca1e0f2")
-
-
-class PNGFormat(Format):
-    """PNG format decoder configuration."""
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        super().__init__("PNG", PngDecoder)
-
-    def actions(self) -> None:
-        cg.add_define("USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_PNG")
-        cg.add_library("pngle", "1.1.0")
-
-
-# Registry of available formats
-IMAGE_FORMATS = {
-    "BMP": BMPFormat(),
-    "JPEG": JPEGFormat(),
-    "PNG": PNGFormat(),
-    "JPG": JPEGFormat(),  # Alias for JPEG
-}
-
-
-def get_format(format_name: str) -> Format | None:
-    """Get a format instance by name."""
-    return IMAGE_FORMATS.get(format_name.upper())
-
-
-def enable_format(format_name: str) -> Format | None:
-    """Enable a specific image format by adding its defines and libraries."""
-    format_obj = get_format(format_name)
-    if format_obj:
-        format_obj.actions()
-        return format_obj
-    return None
-
-
-# Runtime image configuration schema base - to be extended by components
-def runtime_image_schema(image_class: cg.MockObjClass = RuntimeImage) -> cv.Schema:
-    """Create a runtime image schema with the specified image class."""
-    return cv.Schema(
-        {
-            cv.Required(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(image_class),
-            cv.Required(CONF_FORMAT): cv.one_of(*IMAGE_FORMATS, upper=True),
-            cv.Optional(CONF_RESIZE): cv.dimensions,
-            cv.Required(CONF_TYPE): validate_type(IMAGE_TYPE),
-            cv.Optional(CONF_BYTE_ORDER): cv.one_of(
-                "BIG_ENDIAN", "LITTLE_ENDIAN", upper=True
-            ),
-            cv.Optional(CONF_TRANSPARENCY, default="OPAQUE"): validate_transparency(),
-            cv.Optional(CONF_PLACEHOLDER): cv.use_id(Image_),
-        }
-    )
-
-
-def validate_runtime_image_settings(config: dict) -> dict:
-    """Apply validate_settings from image component to runtime image config."""
-    return validate_settings(config)
-
-
-@dataclass
-class RuntimeImageSettings:
-    """Processed runtime image configuration parameters."""
-
-    width: int
-    height: int
-    format_enum: cg.MockObj
-    image_type_enum: cg.MockObj
-    transparent: cg.MockObj
-    byte_order_big_endian: bool
-    placeholder: cg.MockObj | None
-
-
-async def process_runtime_image_config(config: dict) -> RuntimeImageSettings:
-    """
-    Helper function to process common runtime image configuration parameters.
-    Handles format enabling and returns all necessary enums and parameters.
-    """
-    from esphome.components.image import get_image_type_enum, get_transparency_enum
-
-    # Get resize dimensions with default (0, 0)
-    width, height = config.get(CONF_RESIZE, (0, 0))
-
-    # Handle format (required for runtime images)
-    format_name = config[CONF_FORMAT]
-    # Enable the format in the runtime_image component
-    enable_format(format_name)
-    # Map format names to enum values (handle JPG as alias for JPEG)
-    if format_name.upper() == "JPG":
-        format_name = "JPEG"
-    format_enum = getattr(ImageFormat, format_name.upper())
-
-    # Get image type enum
-    image_type_enum = get_image_type_enum(config[CONF_TYPE])
-
-    # Get transparency enum
-    transparent = get_transparency_enum(config.get(CONF_TRANSPARENCY, "OPAQUE"))
-
-    # Get byte order (True for big endian, False for little endian)
-    byte_order_big_endian = config.get(CONF_BYTE_ORDER) != "LITTLE_ENDIAN"
-
-    # Get placeholder if specified
-    placeholder = None
-    if placeholder_id := config.get(CONF_PLACEHOLDER):
-        placeholder = await cg.get_variable(placeholder_id)
-
-    return RuntimeImageSettings(
-        width=width,
-        height=height,
-        format_enum=format_enum,
-        image_type_enum=image_type_enum,
-        transparent=transparent,
-        byte_order_big_endian=byte_order_big_endian,
-        placeholder=placeholder,
-    )

esphome/components/runtime_image/image_decoder.cpp

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-#include "image_decoder.h"
-#include "runtime_image.h"
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <cmath>
-
-namespace esphome::runtime_image {
-
-static const char *const TAG = "image_decoder";
-
-bool ImageDecoder::set_size(int width, int height) {
-  bool success = this->image_->resize(width, height) > 0;
-  this->x_scale_ = static_cast<double>(this->image_->get_buffer_width()) / width;
-  this->y_scale_ = static_cast<double>(this->image_->get_buffer_height()) / height;
-  return success;
-}
-
-void ImageDecoder::draw(int x, int y, int w, int h, const Color &color) {
-  auto width = std::min(this->image_->get_buffer_width(), static_cast<int>(std::ceil((x + w) * this->x_scale_)));
-  auto height = std::min(this->image_->get_buffer_height(), static_cast<int>(std::ceil((y + h) * this->y_scale_)));
-  for (int i = x * this->x_scale_; i < width; i++) {
-    for (int j = y * this->y_scale_; j < height; j++) {
-      this->image_->draw_pixel(i, j, color);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-}  // namespace esphome::runtime_image

esphome/components/runtime_image/runtime_image.cpp

@@ -1,300 +0,0 @@
-#include "runtime_image.h"
-#include "image_decoder.h"
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
-#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
-#include <cstring>
-
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_BMP
-#include "bmp_decoder.h"
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_JPEG
-#include "jpeg_decoder.h"
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_PNG
-#include "png_decoder.h"
-#endif
-
-namespace esphome::runtime_image {
-
-static const char *const TAG = "runtime_image";
-
-inline bool is_color_on(const Color &color) {
-  // This produces the most accurate monochrome conversion, but is slightly slower.
-  //  return (0.2125 * color.r + 0.7154 * color.g + 0.0721 * color.b) > 127;
-
-  // Approximation using fast integer computations; produces acceptable results
-  // Equivalent to 0.25 * R + 0.5 * G + 0.25 * B
-  return ((color.r >> 2) + (color.g >> 1) + (color.b >> 2)) & 0x80;
-}
-
-RuntimeImage::RuntimeImage(ImageFormat format, image::ImageType type, image::Transparency transparency,
-                           image::Image *placeholder, bool is_big_endian, int fixed_width, int fixed_height)
-    : Image(nullptr, 0, 0, type, transparency),
-      format_(format),
-      fixed_width_(fixed_width),
-      fixed_height_(fixed_height),
-      placeholder_(placeholder),
-      is_big_endian_(is_big_endian) {}
-
-RuntimeImage::~RuntimeImage() { this->release(); }
-
-int RuntimeImage::resize(int width, int height) {
-  // Use fixed dimensions if specified (0 means auto-resize)
-  int target_width = this->fixed_width_ ? this->fixed_width_ : width;
-  int target_height = this->fixed_height_ ? this->fixed_height_ : height;
-
-  size_t result = this->resize_buffer_(target_width, target_height);
-  if (result > 0 && this->progressive_display_) {
-    // Update display dimensions for progressive display
-    this->width_ = this->buffer_width_;
-    this->height_ = this->buffer_height_;
-    this->data_start_ = this->buffer_;
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
-void RuntimeImage::draw_pixel(int x, int y, const Color &color) {
-  if (!this->buffer_) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Buffer not allocated!");
-    return;
-  }
-  if (x < 0 || y < 0 || x >= this->buffer_width_ || y >= this->buffer_height_) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Tried to paint a pixel (%d,%d) outside the image!", x, y);
-    return;
-  }
-
-  switch (this->type_) {
-    case image::IMAGE_TYPE_BINARY: {
-      const uint32_t width_8 = ((this->buffer_width_ + 7u) / 8u) * 8u;
-      uint32_t pos = x + y * width_8;
-      auto bitno = 0x80 >> (pos % 8u);
-      pos /= 8u;
-      auto on = is_color_on(color);
-      if (this->has_transparency() && color.w < 0x80)
-        on = false;
-      if (on) {
-        this->buffer_[pos] |= bitno;
-      } else {
-        this->buffer_[pos] &= ~bitno;
-      }
-      break;
-    }
-    case image::IMAGE_TYPE_GRAYSCALE: {
-      uint32_t pos = this->get_position_(x, y);
-      auto gray = static_cast<uint8_t>(0.2125 * color.r + 0.7154 * color.g + 0.0721 * color.b);
-      if (this->transparency_ == image::TRANSPARENCY_CHROMA_KEY) {
-        if (gray == 1) {
-          gray = 0;
-        }
-        if (color.w < 0x80) {
-          gray = 1;
-        }
-      } else if (this->transparency_ == image::TRANSPARENCY_ALPHA_CHANNEL) {
-        if (color.w != 0xFF)
-          gray = color.w;
-      }
-      this->buffer_[pos] = gray;
-      break;
-    }
-    case image::IMAGE_TYPE_RGB565: {
-      uint32_t pos = this->get_position_(x, y);
-      Color mapped_color = color;
-      this->map_chroma_key(mapped_color);
-      uint16_t rgb565 = display::ColorUtil::color_to_565(mapped_color);
-      if (this->is_big_endian_) {
-        this->buffer_[pos + 0] = static_cast<uint8_t>((rgb565 >> 8) & 0xFF);
-        this->buffer_[pos + 1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(rgb565 & 0xFF);
-      } else {
-        this->buffer_[pos + 0] = static_cast<uint8_t>(rgb565 & 0xFF);
-        this->buffer_[pos + 1] = static_cast<uint8_t>((rgb565 >> 8) & 0xFF);
-      }
-      if (this->transparency_ == image::TRANSPARENCY_ALPHA_CHANNEL) {
-        this->buffer_[pos + 2] = color.w;
-      }
-      break;
-    }
-    case image::IMAGE_TYPE_RGB: {
-      uint32_t pos = this->get_position_(x, y);
-      Color mapped_color = color;
-      this->map_chroma_key(mapped_color);
-      this->buffer_[pos + 0] = mapped_color.r;
-      this->buffer_[pos + 1] = mapped_color.g;
-      this->buffer_[pos + 2] = mapped_color.b;
-      if (this->transparency_ == image::TRANSPARENCY_ALPHA_CHANNEL) {
-        this->buffer_[pos + 3] = color.w;
-      }
-      break;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-void RuntimeImage::map_chroma_key(Color &color) {
-  if (this->transparency_ == image::TRANSPARENCY_CHROMA_KEY) {
-    if (color.g == 1 && color.r == 0 && color.b == 0) {
-      color.g = 0;
-    }
-    if (color.w < 0x80) {
-      color.r = 0;
-      color.g = this->type_ == image::IMAGE_TYPE_RGB565 ? 4 : 1;
-      color.b = 0;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-void RuntimeImage::draw(int x, int y, display::Display *display, Color color_on, Color color_off) {
-  if (this->data_start_) {
-    // If we have a complete image, use the base class draw method
-    Image::draw(x, y, display, color_on, color_off);
-  } else if (this->placeholder_) {
-    // Show placeholder while the runtime image is not available
-    this->placeholder_->draw(x, y, display, color_on, color_off);
-  }
-  // If no image is loaded and no placeholder, nothing to draw
-}
-
-bool RuntimeImage::begin_decode(size_t expected_size) {
-  if (this->decoder_) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Decoding already in progress");
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  this->decoder_ = this->create_decoder_();
-  if (!this->decoder_) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to create decoder for format %d", this->format_);
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  this->total_size_ = expected_size;
-  this->decoded_bytes_ = 0;
-
-  // Initialize decoder
-  int result = this->decoder_->prepare(expected_size);
-  if (result < 0) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to prepare decoder: %d", result);
-    this->decoder_ = nullptr;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  return true;
-}
-
-int RuntimeImage::feed_data(uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
-  if (!this->decoder_) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "No decoder initialized");
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-  int consumed = this->decoder_->decode(data, len);
-  if (consumed > 0) {
-    this->decoded_bytes_ += consumed;
-  }
-
-  return consumed;
-}
-
-bool RuntimeImage::end_decode() {
-  if (!this->decoder_) {
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Finalize the image for display
-  if (!this->progressive_display_) {
-    // Only now make the image visible
-    this->width_ = this->buffer_width_;
-    this->height_ = this->buffer_height_;
-    this->data_start_ = this->buffer_;
-  }
-
-  // Clean up decoder
-  this->decoder_ = nullptr;
-
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Decoding complete: %dx%d, %zu bytes", this->width_, this->height_, this->decoded_bytes_);
-  return true;
-}
-
-bool RuntimeImage::is_decode_finished() const {
-  if (!this->decoder_) {
-    return false;
-  }
-  return this->decoder_->is_finished();
-}
-
-void RuntimeImage::release() {
-  this->release_buffer_();
-  // Reset decoder separately — release() can be called from within the decoder
-  // (via set_size -> resize -> resize_buffer_), so we must not destroy the decoder here.
-  // The decoder lifecycle is managed by begin_decode()/end_decode().
-  this->decoder_ = nullptr;
-}
-
-void RuntimeImage::release_buffer_() {
-  if (this->buffer_) {
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Releasing buffer of size %zu", this->get_buffer_size_(this->buffer_width_, this->buffer_height_));
-    this->allocator_.deallocate(this->buffer_, this->get_buffer_size_(this->buffer_width_, this->buffer_height_));
-    this->buffer_ = nullptr;
-    this->data_start_ = nullptr;
-    this->width_ = 0;
-    this->height_ = 0;
-    this->buffer_width_ = 0;
-    this->buffer_height_ = 0;
-  }
-}
-
-size_t RuntimeImage::resize_buffer_(int width, int height) {
-  size_t new_size = this->get_buffer_size_(width, height);
-
-  if (this->buffer_ && this->buffer_width_ == width && this->buffer_height_ == height) {
-    // Buffer already allocated with correct size
-    return new_size;
-  }
-
-  // Release old buffer if dimensions changed
-  if (this->buffer_) {
-    this->release_buffer_();
-  }
-
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Allocating buffer: %dx%d, %zu bytes", width, height, new_size);
-  this->buffer_ = this->allocator_.allocate(new_size);
-
-  if (!this->buffer_) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to allocate %zu bytes. Largest free block: %zu", new_size,
-             this->allocator_.get_max_free_block_size());
-    return 0;
-  }
-
-  // Clear buffer
-  memset(this->buffer_, 0, new_size);
-
-  this->buffer_width_ = width;
-  this->buffer_height_ = height;
-
-  return new_size;
-}
-
-size_t RuntimeImage::get_buffer_size_(int width, int height) const {
-  return (this->get_bpp() * width + 7u) / 8u * height;
-}
-
-int RuntimeImage::get_position_(int x, int y) const { return (x + y * this->buffer_width_) * this->get_bpp() / 8; }
-
-std::unique_ptr<ImageDecoder> RuntimeImage::create_decoder_() {
-  switch (this->format_) {
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_BMP
-    case BMP:
-      return make_unique<BmpDecoder>(this);
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_JPEG
-    case JPEG:
-      return make_unique<JpegDecoder>(this);
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_PNG
-    case PNG:
-      return make_unique<PngDecoder>(this);
-#endif
-    default:
-      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Unsupported image format: %d", this->format_);
-      return nullptr;
-  }
-}
-
-}  // namespace esphome::runtime_image

esphome/components/runtime_image/runtime_image.h

@@ -1,214 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/components/image/image.h"
-#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
-
-namespace esphome::runtime_image {
-
-// Forward declaration
-class ImageDecoder;
-
-/**
- * @brief Image format types that can be decoded dynamically.
- */
-enum ImageFormat {
-  /** Automatically detect from data. Not implemented yet. */
-  AUTO,
-  /** JPEG format. */
-  JPEG,
-  /** PNG format. */
-  PNG,
-  /** BMP format. */
-  BMP,
-};
-
-/**
- * @brief A dynamic image that can be loaded and decoded at runtime.
- *
- * This class provides dynamic buffer allocation and management for images
- * that are decoded at runtime, as opposed to static images compiled into
- * the firmware. It serves as a base class for components that need to
- * load images dynamically from various sources.
- */
-class RuntimeImage : public image::Image {
- public:
-  /**
-   * @brief Construct a new RuntimeImage object.
-   *
-   * @param format The image format to decode.
-   * @param type The pixel format for the image.
-   * @param transparency The transparency type for the image.
-   * @param placeholder Optional placeholder image to show while loading.
-   * @param is_big_endian Whether the image is stored in big-endian format.
-   * @param fixed_width Fixed width for the image (0 for auto-resize).
-   * @param fixed_height Fixed height for the image (0 for auto-resize).
-   */
-  RuntimeImage(ImageFormat format, image::ImageType type, image::Transparency transparency,
-               image::Image *placeholder = nullptr, bool is_big_endian = false, int fixed_width = 0,
-               int fixed_height = 0);
-
-  ~RuntimeImage();
-
-  // Decoder interface methods
-  /**
-   * @brief Resize the image buffer to the requested dimensions.
-   *
-   * The buffer will be allocated if not existing.
-   * If fixed dimensions have been specified in the constructor, the buffer will be created
-   * with those dimensions and not resized, even on request.
-   * Otherwise, the old buffer will be deallocated and a new buffer with the requested
-   * dimensions allocated.
-   *
-   * @param width Requested width (ignored if fixed_width_ is set)
-   * @param height Requested height (ignored if fixed_height_ is set)
-   * @return Size of the allocated buffer in bytes, or 0 if allocation failed.
-   */
-  int resize(int width, int height);
-  void draw_pixel(int x, int y, const Color &color);
-  void map_chroma_key(Color &color);
-  int get_buffer_width() const { return this->buffer_width_; }
-  int get_buffer_height() const { return this->buffer_height_; }
-
-  // Image drawing interface
-  void draw(int x, int y, display::Display *display, Color color_on, Color color_off) override;
-
-  /**
-   * @brief Begin decoding an image.
-   *
-   * @param expected_size Optional hint about the expected data size.
-   * @return true if decoder was successfully initialized.
-   */
-  bool begin_decode(size_t expected_size = 0);
-
-  /**
-   * @brief Feed data to the decoder.
-   *
-   * @param data Pointer to the data buffer.
-   * @param len Length of data to process.
-   * @return Number of bytes consumed by the decoder.
-   */
-  int feed_data(uint8_t *data, size_t len);
-
-  /**
-   * @brief Complete the decoding process.
-   *
-   * @return true if decoding completed successfully.
-   */
-  bool end_decode();
-
-  /**
-   * @brief Check if decoding is currently in progress.
-   */
-  bool is_decoding() const { return this->decoder_ != nullptr; }
-
-  /**
-   * @brief Check if the decoder has finished processing all data.
-   *
-   * This delegates to the decoder's format-specific completion check,
-   * which handles both known-size and chunked transfer cases.
-   */
-  bool is_decode_finished() const;
-
-  /**
-   * @brief Check if an image is currently loaded.
-   */
-  bool is_loaded() const { return this->buffer_ != nullptr; }
-
-  /**
-   * @brief Get the image format.
-   */
-  ImageFormat get_format() const { return this->format_; }
-
-  /**
-   * @brief Release the image buffer and free memory.
-   */
-  void release();
-
-  /**
-   * @brief Set whether to allow progressive display during decode.
-   *
-   * When enabled, the image can be displayed even while still decoding.
-   * When disabled, the image is only displayed after decoding completes.
-   */
-  void set_progressive_display(bool progressive) { this->progressive_display_ = progressive; }
-
- protected:
-  /**
-   * @brief Resize the image buffer to the requested dimensions.
-   *
-   * @param width New width in pixels.
-   * @param height New height in pixels.
-   * @return Size of the allocated buffer, or 0 on failure.
-   */
-  size_t resize_buffer_(int width, int height);
-
-  /**
-   * @brief Release only the image buffer without resetting the decoder.
-   *
-   * This is safe to call from within the decoder (e.g., during resize).
-   */
-  void release_buffer_();
-
-  /**
-   * @brief Get the buffer size in bytes for given dimensions.
-   */
-  size_t get_buffer_size_(int width, int height) const;
-
-  /**
-   * @brief Get the position in the buffer for a pixel.
-   */
-  int get_position_(int x, int y) const;
-
-  /**
-   * @brief Create decoder instance for the image's format.
-   */
-  std::unique_ptr<ImageDecoder> create_decoder_();
-
-  // Memory management
-  RAMAllocator<uint8_t> allocator_{};
-  uint8_t *buffer_{nullptr};
-
-  // Decoder management
-  std::unique_ptr<ImageDecoder> decoder_{nullptr};
-  /** The image format this RuntimeImage is configured to decode. */
-  const ImageFormat format_;
-
-  /**
-   * Actual width of the current image.
-   * This needs to be separate from "Image::get_width()" because the latter
-   * must return 0 until the image has been decoded (to avoid showing partially
-   * decoded images). When progressive_display_ is enabled, Image dimensions
-   * are updated during decoding to allow rendering in progress.
-   */
-  int buffer_width_{0};
-  /**
-   * Actual height of the current image.
-   * This needs to be separate from "Image::get_height()" because the latter
-   * must return 0 until the image has been decoded (to avoid showing partially
-   * decoded images). When progressive_display_ is enabled, Image dimensions
-   * are updated during decoding to allow rendering in progress.
-   */
-  int buffer_height_{0};
-
-  // Decoding state
-  size_t total_size_{0};
-  size_t decoded_bytes_{0};
-
-  /** Fixed width requested on configuration, or 0 if not specified. */
-  const int fixed_width_{0};
-  /** Fixed height requested on configuration, or 0 if not specified. */
-  const int fixed_height_{0};
-
-  /** Placeholder image to show when the runtime image is not available. */
-  image::Image *placeholder_{nullptr};
-
-  // Configuration
-  bool progressive_display_{false};
-  /**
-   * Whether the image is stored in big-endian format.
-   * This is used to determine how to store 16 bit colors in the buffer.
-   */
-  bool is_big_endian_{false};
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::runtime_image

esphome/components/script/__init__.py

@@ -219,6 +219,7 @@ async def script_stop_action_to_code(config, action_id, template_arg, args):
     "script.wait",
     ScriptWaitAction,
     maybe_simple_id({cv.Required(CONF_ID): cv.use_id(Script)}),
+    deferred=True,
 )
 async def script_wait_action_to_code(config, action_id, template_arg, args):
     full_id, paren = await cg.get_variable_with_full_id(config[CONF_ID])

esphome/components/wifi/wifi_component_esp8266.cpp

@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #include "lwip/err.h"
 #include "lwip/dns.h"
 #include "lwip/dhcp.h"
-#include "lwip/prot/dhcp.h"  // DHCP_STATE_BOUND
-#include "lwip/init.h"       // LWIP_VERSION_
+#include "lwip/init.h"  // LWIP_VERSION_
 #include "lwip/apps/sntp.h"
 #include "lwip/netif.h"  // struct netif
 #include <AddrList.h>
@@ -225,19 +224,8 @@ bool WiFiComponent::wifi_apply_hostname_() {
 #else
     intf->hostname = wifi_station_get_hostname();
 #endif
-    struct dhcp *dhcp_data = netif_dhcp_data(intf);
-    if (dhcp_data != nullptr && dhcp_data->state == DHCP_STATE_BOUND && netif_is_link_up(intf)) {
-      // Renew already-bound DHCP leases to inform server of hostname change.
-      // Both conditions are required:
-      //  - DHCP must be BOUND (have an active lease to renew)
-      //  - Interface must have link (able to send packets)
-      // During reconnection, DHCP can remain BOUND from a previous connection
-      // while the link is down. Calling dhcp_renew() without link corrupts
-      // lwIP's DHCP state machine (it unconditionally sets state to RENEWING
-      // before attempting to send, and never rolls back on failure). This
-      // causes dhcp_network_changed() to call dhcp_reboot() instead of
-      // dhcp_discover() when WiFi later connects, sending a bogus DHCP REQUEST
-      // for IP 0.0.0.0 that can put some routers into a persistent bad state.
+    if (netif_dhcp_data(intf) != nullptr) {
+      // renew already started DHCP leases
       err_t lwipret = dhcp_renew(intf);
       if (lwipret != ERR_OK) {
         ESP_LOGW(TAG, "wifi_apply_hostname_(%s): lwIP error %d on interface %c%c (index %d)", intf->hostname,

esphome/core/defines.h

@@ -148,9 +148,9 @@
 #define USE_MQTT
 #define USE_MQTT_COVER_JSON
 #define USE_NETWORK
-#define USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_BMP
-#define USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_PNG
-#define USE_RUNTIME_IMAGE_JPEG
+#define USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_BMP_SUPPORT
+#define USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_PNG_SUPPORT
+#define USE_ONLINE_IMAGE_JPEG_SUPPORT
 #define USE_OTA
 #define USE_OTA_PASSWORD
 #define USE_OTA_STATE_LISTENER

esphome/core/string_ref.h

@@ -81,6 +81,19 @@ class StringRef {
 
   operator std::string() const { return str(); }
 
+  /// Compare with a null-terminated C string (compatible with std::string::compare)
+  int compare(const char *s) const {
+    size_t s_len = std::strlen(s);
+    int result = std::memcmp(base_, s, std::min(len_, s_len));
+    if (result != 0)
+      return result;
+    if (len_ < s_len)
+      return -1;
+    if (len_ > s_len)
+      return 1;
+    return 0;
+  }
+
   /// Find first occurrence of substring, returns std::string::npos if not found.
   /// Note: Requires the underlying string to be null-terminated.
   size_type find(const char *s, size_type pos = 0) const {

esphome/util.py

@@ -24,11 +24,14 @@ class RegistryEntry:
         fun: Callable[..., Any],
         type_id: "MockObjClass",
         schema: "Schema",
+        *,
+        deferred: bool = False,
     ):
         self.name = name
         self.fun = fun
         self.type_id = type_id
         self.raw_schema = schema
+        self.deferred = deferred
 
     @property
     def coroutine_fun(self):
@@ -49,9 +52,16 @@ class Registry(dict[str, RegistryEntry]):
         self.base_schema = base_schema or {}
         self.type_id_key = type_id_key
 
-    def register(self, name: str, type_id: "MockObjClass", schema: "Schema"):
+    def register(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        type_id: "MockObjClass",
+        schema: "Schema",
+        *,
+        deferred: bool = False,
+    ):
         def decorator(fun: Callable[..., Any]):
-            self[name] = RegistryEntry(name, fun, type_id, schema)
+            self[name] = RegistryEntry(name, fun, type_id, schema, deferred=deferred)
             return fun
 
         return decorator

script/api_protobuf/api_protobuf.py

@@ -2020,6 +2020,8 @@ def build_message_type(
 
     # Collect fixed_vector fields for custom decode generation
     fixed_vector_fields = []
+    # Collect fields with (null_terminate) = true option
+    null_terminate_fields = []
 
     for field in desc.field:
         # Skip deprecated fields completely
@@ -2062,6 +2064,10 @@ def build_message_type(
 
         ti = create_field_type_info(field, needs_decode, needs_encode)
 
+        # Collect fields with (null_terminate) = true for post-decode null-termination
+        if needs_decode and get_field_opt(field, pb.null_terminate, False):
+            null_terminate_fields.append(ti.field_name)
+
         # Skip field declarations for fields that are in the base class
         # but include their encode/decode logic
         if field.name not in common_field_names:
@@ -2168,8 +2174,8 @@ def build_message_type(
         prot = "bool decode_64bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto64Bit value) override;"
         protected_content.insert(0, prot)
 
-    # Generate custom decode() override for messages with FixedVector fields
-    if fixed_vector_fields:
+    # Generate custom decode() override for messages with FixedVector or null_terminate fields
+    if fixed_vector_fields or null_terminate_fields:
         # Generate the decode() implementation in cpp
         o = f"void {desc.name}::decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) {{\n"
         # Count and init each FixedVector field
@@ -2178,6 +2184,13 @@ def build_message_type(
             o += f"  this->{field_name}.init(count_{field_name});\n"
         # Call parent decode to populate the fields
         o += "  ProtoDecodableMessage::decode(buffer, length);\n"
+        # Null-terminate fields marked with (null_terminate) = true in-place.
+        # Safe: decode is complete, byte after string was already parsed (next field tag)
+        # or is the +1 reserved byte at end of rx_buf_.
+        for field_name in null_terminate_fields:
+            o += f"  if (!this->{field_name}.empty()) {{\n"
+            o += f"    const_cast<char *>(this->{field_name}.c_str())[this->{field_name}.size()] = '\\0';\n"
+            o += "  }\n"
         o += "}\n"
         cpp += o
         # Generate the decode() declaration in header (public method)