tweak

2026.1.1

.clang-tidy.hash

@@ -1 +1 @@
-d15ae81646ac0ee76b2586716fe697f187281523ee6db566aed26542a9f98d1a
+15dc295268b2dcf75942f42759b3ddec64eba89f75525698eb39c95a7f4b14ce

.github/actions/restore-python/action.yml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ runs:
   steps:
     - name: Set up Python ${{ inputs.python-version }}
       id: python
-      uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+      uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
       with:
         python-version: ${{ inputs.python-version }}
     - name: Restore Python virtual environment

.github/workflows/auto-label-pr.yml

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
     if: github.event.action != 'labeled' || github.event.sender.type != 'Bot'
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Generate a token
         id: generate-token

.github/workflows/ci-api-proto.yml

@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.11"
 

.github/workflows/ci-clang-tidy-hash.yml

@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.11"
 

.github/workflows/ci-docker.yml

@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ jobs:
           - "docker"
           # - "lint"
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.11"
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx

.github/workflows/ci-memory-impact-comment.yml

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Check out code from base repository
         if: steps.pr.outputs.skip != 'true'
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           # Always check out from the base repository (esphome/esphome), never from forks
           # Use the PR's target branch to ensure we run trusted code from the main repo

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -36,13 +36,13 @@ jobs:
       cache-key: ${{ steps.cache-key.outputs.key }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Generate cache-key
         id: cache-key
         run: echo key="${{ hashFiles('requirements.txt', 'requirements_test.txt', '.pre-commit-config.yaml') }}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Set up Python ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
         id: python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
       - name: Restore Python virtual environment
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ jobs:
     if: needs.determine-jobs.outputs.python-linters == 'true'
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ jobs:
       - common
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ jobs:
       - common
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Restore Python
         id: restore-python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ jobs:
       component-test-batches: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.component-test-batches }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           # Fetch enough history to find the merge base
           fetch-depth: 2
@@ -237,10 +237,10 @@ jobs:
     if: needs.determine-jobs.outputs.integration-tests == 'true'
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Set up Python 3.13
         id: python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.13"
       - name: Restore Python virtual environment
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ jobs:
     if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && (needs.determine-jobs.outputs.cpp-unit-tests-run-all == 'true' || needs.determine-jobs.outputs.cpp-unit-tests-components != '[]')
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           # Need history for HEAD~1 to work for checking changed files
           fetch-depth: 2
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ jobs:
       GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           # Need history for HEAD~1 to work for checking changed files
           fetch-depth: 2
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           # Need history for HEAD~1 to work for checking changed files
           fetch-depth: 2
@@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ jobs:
           version: 1.0
 
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
@@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ jobs:
     if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !startsWith(github.base_ref, 'beta') && !startsWith(github.base_ref, 'release')
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
@@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ jobs:
       skip: ${{ steps.check-script.outputs.skip }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out target branch
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           ref: ${{ github.base_ref }}
 
@@ -840,7 +840,7 @@ jobs:
       flash_usage: ${{ steps.extract.outputs.flash_usage }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out PR branch
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
@@ -908,7 +908,7 @@ jobs:
       GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ jobs:
             # your codebase is analyzed, see https://docs.github.com/en/code-security/code-scanning/creating-an-advanced-setup-for-code-scanning/codeql-code-scanning-for-compiled-languages
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
       - name: Initialize CodeQL

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
       branch_build: ${{ steps.tag.outputs.branch_build }}
       deploy_env: ${{ steps.tag.outputs.deploy_env }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Get tag
         id: tag
         # yamllint disable rule:line-length
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ jobs:
       contents: read
       id-token: write
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.x"
       - name: Build
@@ -92,9 +92,9 @@ jobs:
             os: "ubuntu-24.04-arm"
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.11"
 
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ jobs:
           - ghcr
           - dockerhub
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Download digests
         uses: actions/download-artifact@37930b1c2abaa49bbe596cd826c3c89aef350131 # v7.0.0

.github/workflows/sync-device-classes.yml

@@ -13,16 +13,16 @@ jobs:
     if: github.repository == 'esphome/esphome'
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Checkout Home Assistant
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           repository: home-assistant/core
           path: lib/home-assistant
 
       - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: 3.13
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ jobs:
           python script/run-in-env.py pre-commit run --all-files
 
       - name: Commit changes
-        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@98357b18bf14b5342f975ff684046ec3b2a07725 # v8.0.0
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@c0f553fe549906ede9cf27b5156039d195d2ece0 # v8.1.0
         with:
           commit-message: "Synchronise Device Classes from Home Assistant"
           committer: esphomebot <esphome@openhomefoundation.org>

esphome/components/adc/sensor.py

@@ -160,21 +160,21 @@ async def to_code(config):
         zephyr_add_user("io-channels", f"<&adc {channel_id}>")
         zephyr_add_overlay(
             f"""
-&adc {{
-    #address-cells = <1>;
-    #size-cells = <0>;
+                &adc {{
+                    #address-cells = <1>;
+                    #size-cells = <0>;
 
-    channel@{channel_id} {{
-        reg = <{channel_id}>;
-        zephyr,gain = "{gain}";
-        zephyr,reference = "ADC_REF_INTERNAL";
-        zephyr,acquisition-time = <ADC_ACQ_TIME_DEFAULT>;
-        zephyr,input-positive = <NRF_SAADC_{pin_number}>;
-        zephyr,resolution = <14>;
-        zephyr,oversampling = <8>;
-    }};
-}};
-"""
+                    channel@{channel_id} {{
+                        reg = <{channel_id}>;
+                        zephyr,gain = "{gain}";
+                        zephyr,reference = "ADC_REF_INTERNAL";
+                        zephyr,acquisition-time = <ADC_ACQ_TIME_DEFAULT>;
+                        zephyr,input-positive = <NRF_SAADC_{pin_number}>;
+                        zephyr,resolution = <14>;
+                        zephyr,oversampling = <8>;
+                    }};
+                }};
+            """
         )
 
 

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel.cpp

@@ -67,52 +67,29 @@ void AlarmControlPanel::add_on_ready_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback)
   this->ready_callback_.add(std::move(callback));
 }
 
-void AlarmControlPanel::arm_away(optional<std::string> code) {
+void AlarmControlPanel::arm_with_code_(AlarmControlPanelCall &(AlarmControlPanelCall::*arm_method)(),
+                                       const char *code) {
   auto call = this->make_call();
-  call.arm_away();
-  if (code.has_value())
-    call.set_code(code.value());
+  (call.*arm_method)();
+  if (code != nullptr)
+    call.set_code(code);
   call.perform();
 }
 
-void AlarmControlPanel::arm_home(optional<std::string> code) {
-  auto call = this->make_call();
-  call.arm_home();
-  if (code.has_value())
-    call.set_code(code.value());
-  call.perform();
+void AlarmControlPanel::arm_away(const char *code) { this->arm_with_code_(&AlarmControlPanelCall::arm_away, code); }
+
+void AlarmControlPanel::arm_home(const char *code) { this->arm_with_code_(&AlarmControlPanelCall::arm_home, code); }
+
+void AlarmControlPanel::arm_night(const char *code) { this->arm_with_code_(&AlarmControlPanelCall::arm_night, code); }
+
+void AlarmControlPanel::arm_vacation(const char *code) {
+  this->arm_with_code_(&AlarmControlPanelCall::arm_vacation, code);
 }
 
-void AlarmControlPanel::arm_night(optional<std::string> code) {
-  auto call = this->make_call();
-  call.arm_night();
-  if (code.has_value())
-    call.set_code(code.value());
-  call.perform();
+void AlarmControlPanel::arm_custom_bypass(const char *code) {
+  this->arm_with_code_(&AlarmControlPanelCall::arm_custom_bypass, code);
 }
 
-void AlarmControlPanel::arm_vacation(optional<std::string> code) {
-  auto call = this->make_call();
-  call.arm_vacation();
-  if (code.has_value())
-    call.set_code(code.value());
-  call.perform();
-}
-
-void AlarmControlPanel::arm_custom_bypass(optional<std::string> code) {
-  auto call = this->make_call();
-  call.arm_custom_bypass();
-  if (code.has_value())
-    call.set_code(code.value());
-  call.perform();
-}
-
-void AlarmControlPanel::disarm(optional<std::string> code) {
-  auto call = this->make_call();
-  call.disarm();
-  if (code.has_value())
-    call.set_code(code.value());
-  call.perform();
-}
+void AlarmControlPanel::disarm(const char *code) { this->arm_with_code_(&AlarmControlPanelCall::disarm, code); }
 
 }  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel.h

@@ -76,37 +76,53 @@ class AlarmControlPanel : public EntityBase {
    *
    * @param code The code
    */
-  void arm_away(optional<std::string> code = nullopt);
+  void arm_away(const char *code = nullptr);
+  void arm_away(const optional<std::string> &code) {
+    this->arm_away(code.has_value() ? code.value().c_str() : nullptr);
+  }
 
   /** arm the alarm in home mode
    *
    * @param code The code
    */
-  void arm_home(optional<std::string> code = nullopt);
+  void arm_home(const char *code = nullptr);
+  void arm_home(const optional<std::string> &code) {
+    this->arm_home(code.has_value() ? code.value().c_str() : nullptr);
+  }
 
   /** arm the alarm in night mode
    *
    * @param code The code
    */
-  void arm_night(optional<std::string> code = nullopt);
+  void arm_night(const char *code = nullptr);
+  void arm_night(const optional<std::string> &code) {
+    this->arm_night(code.has_value() ? code.value().c_str() : nullptr);
+  }
 
   /** arm the alarm in vacation mode
    *
    * @param code The code
    */
-  void arm_vacation(optional<std::string> code = nullopt);
+  void arm_vacation(const char *code = nullptr);
+  void arm_vacation(const optional<std::string> &code) {
+    this->arm_vacation(code.has_value() ? code.value().c_str() : nullptr);
+  }
 
   /** arm the alarm in custom bypass mode
    *
    * @param code The code
    */
-  void arm_custom_bypass(optional<std::string> code = nullopt);
+  void arm_custom_bypass(const char *code = nullptr);
+  void arm_custom_bypass(const optional<std::string> &code) {
+    this->arm_custom_bypass(code.has_value() ? code.value().c_str() : nullptr);
+  }
 
   /** disarm the alarm
    *
    * @param code The code
    */
-  void disarm(optional<std::string> code = nullopt);
+  void disarm(const char *code = nullptr);
+  void disarm(const optional<std::string> &code) { this->disarm(code.has_value() ? code.value().c_str() : nullptr); }
 
   /** Get the state
    *
@@ -118,6 +134,8 @@ class AlarmControlPanel : public EntityBase {
 
  protected:
   friend AlarmControlPanelCall;
+  // Helper to reduce code duplication for arm/disarm methods
+  void arm_with_code_(AlarmControlPanelCall &(AlarmControlPanelCall::*arm_method)(), const char *code);
   // in order to store last panel state in flash
   ESPPreferenceObject pref_;
   // current state

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel_call.cpp

@@ -10,8 +10,10 @@ static const char *const TAG = "alarm_control_panel";
 
 AlarmControlPanelCall::AlarmControlPanelCall(AlarmControlPanel *parent) : parent_(parent) {}
 
-AlarmControlPanelCall &AlarmControlPanelCall::set_code(const std::string &code) {
-  this->code_ = code;
+AlarmControlPanelCall &AlarmControlPanelCall::set_code(const char *code) {
+  if (code != nullptr) {
+    this->code_ = std::string(code);
+  }
   return *this;
 }
 

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel_call.h

@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ class AlarmControlPanelCall {
  public:
   AlarmControlPanelCall(AlarmControlPanel *parent);
 
-  AlarmControlPanelCall &set_code(const std::string &code);
+  AlarmControlPanelCall &set_code(const char *code);
+  AlarmControlPanelCall &set_code(const std::string &code) { return this->set_code(code.c_str()); }
   AlarmControlPanelCall &arm_away();
   AlarmControlPanelCall &arm_home();
   AlarmControlPanelCall &arm_night();

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/automation.h

@@ -66,15 +66,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ArmAwayAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, code)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
-    auto call = this->alarm_control_panel_->make_call();
-    auto code = this->code_.optional_value(x...);
-    if (code.has_value()) {
-      call.set_code(code.value());
-    }
-    call.arm_away();
-    call.perform();
-  }
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->alarm_control_panel_->arm_away(this->code_.optional_value(x...)); }
 
  protected:
   AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel_;
@@ -86,15 +78,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ArmHomeAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, code)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
-    auto call = this->alarm_control_panel_->make_call();
-    auto code = this->code_.optional_value(x...);
-    if (code.has_value()) {
-      call.set_code(code.value());
-    }
-    call.arm_home();
-    call.perform();
-  }
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->alarm_control_panel_->arm_home(this->code_.optional_value(x...)); }
 
  protected:
   AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel_;
@@ -106,15 +90,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ArmNightAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, code)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
-    auto call = this->alarm_control_panel_->make_call();
-    auto code = this->code_.optional_value(x...);
-    if (code.has_value()) {
-      call.set_code(code.value());
-    }
-    call.arm_night();
-    call.perform();
-  }
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->alarm_control_panel_->arm_night(this->code_.optional_value(x...)); }
 
  protected:
   AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel_;

esphome/components/api/api_connection.cpp

@@ -1844,23 +1844,8 @@ bool APIConnection::send_buffer(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, uint8_t message_type) {
     return false;
   }
 
-  // Toggle Nagle's algorithm based on message type to prevent log messages from
-  // filling the TCP send buffer and crowding out important state updates.
-  //
-  // This honors the `no_delay` proto option - SubscribeLogsResponse is the only
-  // message with `option (no_delay) = false;` in api.proto, indicating it should
-  // allow Nagle coalescing. This option existed since 2019 but was never implemented.
-  //
-  // - Log messages: Enable Nagle (NODELAY=false) so small log packets coalesce
-  //   into fewer, larger packets. They flush naturally via TCP delayed ACK timer
-  //   (~200ms), buffer filling, or when a state update triggers a flush.
-  //
-  // - All other messages (state updates, responses): Disable Nagle (NODELAY=true)
-  //   for immediate delivery. These are time-sensitive and should not be delayed.
-  //
-  // This must be done proactively BEFORE the buffer fills up - checking buffer
-  // state here would be too late since we'd already be in a degraded state.
-  this->helper_->set_nodelay(!is_log_message);
+  // Set TCP_NODELAY based on message type - see set_nodelay_for_message() for details
+  this->helper_->set_nodelay_for_message(is_log_message);
 
   APIError err = this->helper_->write_protobuf_packet(message_type, buffer);
   if (err == APIError::WOULD_BLOCK)

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper.h

@@ -120,26 +120,39 @@ class APIFrameHelper {
     }
     return APIError::OK;
   }
-  /// Toggle TCP_NODELAY socket option to control Nagle's algorithm.
-  ///
-  /// This is used to allow log messages to coalesce (Nagle enabled) while keeping
-  /// state updates low-latency (NODELAY enabled). Without this, many small log
-  /// packets fill the TCP send buffer, crowding out important state updates.
-  ///
-  /// State is tracked to minimize setsockopt() overhead - on lwip_raw (ESP8266/RP2040)
-  /// this is just a boolean assignment; on other platforms it's a lightweight syscall.
-  ///
-  /// @param enable true to enable NODELAY (disable Nagle), false to enable Nagle
-  /// @return true if successful or already in desired state
-  bool set_nodelay(bool enable) {
-    if (this->nodelay_enabled_ == enable)
-      return true;
-    int val = enable ? 1 : 0;
-    int err = this->socket_->setsockopt(IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &val, sizeof(int));
-    if (err == 0) {
-      this->nodelay_enabled_ = enable;
+  // Manage TCP_NODELAY (Nagle's algorithm) based on message type.
+  //
+  // For non-log messages (sensor data, state updates): Always disable Nagle
+  // (NODELAY on) for immediate delivery - these are time-sensitive.
+  //
+  // For log messages: Use Nagle to coalesce multiple small log packets into
+  // fewer larger packets, reducing WiFi overhead. However, we limit batching
+  // to 3 messages to avoid excessive LWIP buffer pressure on memory-constrained
+  // devices like ESP8266. LWIP's TCP_OVERSIZE option coalesces the data into
+  // shared pbufs, but holding data too long waiting for Nagle's timer causes
+  // buffer exhaustion and dropped messages.
+  //
+  // Flow: Log 1 (Nagle on) -> Log 2 (Nagle on) -> Log 3 (NODELAY, flush all)
+  //
+  void set_nodelay_for_message(bool is_log_message) {
+    if (!is_log_message) {
+      if (this->nodelay_state_ != NODELAY_ON) {
+        this->set_nodelay_raw_(true);
+        this->nodelay_state_ = NODELAY_ON;
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Log messages 1-3: state transitions -1 -> 1 -> 2 -> -1 (flush on 3rd)
+    if (this->nodelay_state_ == NODELAY_ON) {
+      this->set_nodelay_raw_(false);
+      this->nodelay_state_ = 1;
+    } else if (this->nodelay_state_ >= LOG_NAGLE_COUNT) {
+      this->set_nodelay_raw_(true);
+      this->nodelay_state_ = NODELAY_ON;
+    } else {
+      this->nodelay_state_++;
     }
-    return err == 0;
   }
   virtual APIError write_protobuf_packet(uint8_t type, ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) = 0;
   // Write multiple protobuf messages in a single operation
@@ -229,10 +242,18 @@ class APIFrameHelper {
   uint8_t tx_buf_head_{0};
   uint8_t tx_buf_tail_{0};
   uint8_t tx_buf_count_{0};
-  // Tracks TCP_NODELAY state to minimize setsockopt() calls. Initialized to true
-  // since init_common_() enables NODELAY. Used by set_nodelay() to allow log
-  // messages to coalesce while keeping state updates low-latency.
-  bool nodelay_enabled_{true};
+  // Nagle batching state for log messages. NODELAY_ON (-1) means NODELAY is enabled
+  // (immediate send). Values 1-2 count log messages in the current Nagle batch.
+  // After LOG_NAGLE_COUNT logs, we switch to NODELAY to flush and reset.
+  static constexpr int8_t NODELAY_ON = -1;
+  static constexpr int8_t LOG_NAGLE_COUNT = 2;
+  int8_t nodelay_state_{NODELAY_ON};
+
+  // Internal helper to set TCP_NODELAY socket option
+  void set_nodelay_raw_(bool enable) {
+    int val = enable ? 1 : 0;
+    this->socket_->setsockopt(IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &val, sizeof(int));
+  }
 
   // Common initialization for both plaintext and noise protocols
   APIError init_common_();

esphome/components/aqi/sensor.py

@@ -13,14 +13,11 @@ from . import AQI_CALCULATION_TYPE, CONF_CALCULATION_TYPE, aqi_ns
 CODEOWNERS = ["@jasstrong"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["sensor"]
 
-UNIT_INDEX = "index"
-
 AQISensor = aqi_ns.class_("AQISensor", sensor.Sensor, cg.Component)
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
     sensor.sensor_schema(
         AQISensor,
-        unit_of_measurement=UNIT_INDEX,
         accuracy_decimals=0,
         device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_AQI,
         state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,

esphome/components/atm90e32/atm90e32.cpp

@@ -108,10 +108,14 @@ void ATM90E32Component::update() {
 #endif
 }
 
+void ATM90E32Component::get_cs_summary_(std::span<char, GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN> buffer) {
+  this->cs_->dump_summary(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+}
+
 void ATM90E32Component::setup() {
   this->spi_setup();
-  this->cs_summary_ = this->cs_->dump_summary();
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
 
   uint16_t mmode0 = 0x87;  // 3P4W 50Hz
   uint16_t high_thresh = 0;
@@ -159,13 +163,13 @@ void ATM90E32Component::setup() {
   if (this->enable_offset_calibration_) {
     // Initialize flash storage for offset calibrations
     uint32_t o_hash = fnv1_hash("_offset_calibration_");
-    o_hash = fnv1_hash_extend(o_hash, this->cs_summary_);
+    o_hash = fnv1_hash_extend(o_hash, cs);
     this->offset_pref_ = global_preferences->make_preference<OffsetCalibration[3]>(o_hash, true);
     this->restore_offset_calibrations_();
 
     // Initialize flash storage for power offset calibrations
     uint32_t po_hash = fnv1_hash("_power_offset_calibration_");
-    po_hash = fnv1_hash_extend(po_hash, this->cs_summary_);
+    po_hash = fnv1_hash_extend(po_hash, cs);
     this->power_offset_pref_ = global_preferences->make_preference<PowerOffsetCalibration[3]>(po_hash, true);
     this->restore_power_offset_calibrations_();
   } else {
@@ -186,7 +190,7 @@ void ATM90E32Component::setup() {
   if (this->enable_gain_calibration_) {
     // Initialize flash storage for gain calibration
     uint32_t g_hash = fnv1_hash("_gain_calibration_");
-    g_hash = fnv1_hash_extend(g_hash, this->cs_summary_);
+    g_hash = fnv1_hash_extend(g_hash, cs);
     this->gain_calibration_pref_ = global_preferences->make_preference<GainCalibration[3]>(g_hash, true);
     this->restore_gain_calibrations_();
 
@@ -217,7 +221,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::setup() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::log_calibration_status_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
 
   bool offset_mismatch = false;
   bool power_mismatch = false;
@@ -568,7 +573,8 @@ float ATM90E32Component::get_chip_temperature_() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::run_gain_calibrations() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   if (!this->enable_gain_calibration_) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[CALIBRATION][%s] Gain calibration is disabled! Enable it first with enable_gain_calibration: true",
              cs);
@@ -668,7 +674,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::run_gain_calibrations() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::save_gain_calibration_to_memory_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   bool success = this->gain_calibration_pref_.save(&this->gain_phase_);
   global_preferences->sync();
   if (success) {
@@ -681,7 +688,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::save_gain_calibration_to_memory_() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::save_offset_calibration_to_memory_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   bool success = this->offset_pref_.save(&this->offset_phase_);
   global_preferences->sync();
   if (success) {
@@ -697,7 +705,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::save_offset_calibration_to_memory_() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::save_power_offset_calibration_to_memory_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   bool success = this->power_offset_pref_.save(&this->power_offset_phase_);
   global_preferences->sync();
   if (success) {
@@ -713,7 +722,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::save_power_offset_calibration_to_memory_() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::run_offset_calibrations() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   if (!this->enable_offset_calibration_) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG,
              "[CALIBRATION][%s] Offset calibration is disabled! Enable it first with enable_offset_calibration: true",
@@ -743,7 +753,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::run_offset_calibrations() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::run_power_offset_calibrations() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   if (!this->enable_offset_calibration_) {
     ESP_LOGW(
         TAG,
@@ -816,7 +827,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::write_power_offsets_to_registers_(uint8_t phase, int16_t
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::restore_gain_calibrations_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
     this->config_gain_phase_[i].voltage_gain = this->phase_[i].voltage_gain_;
     this->config_gain_phase_[i].current_gain = this->phase_[i].ct_gain_;
@@ -870,7 +882,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::restore_gain_calibrations_() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::restore_offset_calibrations_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
     this->config_offset_phase_[i] = this->offset_phase_[i];
 
@@ -912,7 +925,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::restore_offset_calibrations_() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::restore_power_offset_calibrations_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
     this->config_power_offset_phase_[i] = this->power_offset_phase_[i];
 
@@ -954,7 +968,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::restore_power_offset_calibrations_() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::clear_gain_calibrations() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   if (!this->using_saved_calibrations_) {
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[CALIBRATION][%s] No stored gain calibrations to clear. Current values:", cs);
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[CALIBRATION][%s] ----------------------------------------------------------", cs);
@@ -1003,7 +1018,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::clear_gain_calibrations() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::clear_offset_calibrations() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   if (!this->restored_offset_calibration_) {
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[CALIBRATION][%s] No stored offset calibrations to clear. Current values:", cs);
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[CALIBRATION][%s] --------------------------------------------------------------", cs);
@@ -1045,7 +1061,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::clear_offset_calibrations() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::clear_power_offset_calibrations() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   if (!this->restored_power_offset_calibration_) {
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[CALIBRATION][%s] No stored power offsets to clear. Current values:", cs);
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[CALIBRATION][%s] ---------------------------------------------------------------------", cs);
@@ -1120,7 +1137,8 @@ int16_t ATM90E32Component::calibrate_power_offset(uint8_t phase, bool reactive)
 }
 
 bool ATM90E32Component::verify_gain_writes_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   bool success = true;
   for (uint8_t phase = 0; phase < 3; phase++) {
     uint16_t read_voltage = this->read16_(voltage_gain_registers[phase]);

esphome/components/atm90e32/atm90e32.h

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <span>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include "atm90e32_reg.h"
 #include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
 #include "esphome/components/spi/spi.h"
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
+#include "esphome/core/gpio.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/preferences.h"
 
@@ -182,6 +184,7 @@ class ATM90E32Component : public PollingComponent,
   bool verify_gain_writes_();
   bool validate_spi_read_(uint16_t expected, const char *context = nullptr);
   void log_calibration_status_();
+  void get_cs_summary_(std::span<char, GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN> buffer);
 
   struct ATM90E32Phase {
     uint16_t voltage_gain_{0};
@@ -247,7 +250,6 @@ class ATM90E32Component : public PollingComponent,
   ESPPreferenceObject offset_pref_;
   ESPPreferenceObject power_offset_pref_;
   ESPPreferenceObject gain_calibration_pref_;
-  std::string cs_summary_;
 
   sensor::Sensor *freq_sensor_{nullptr};
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR

esphome/components/audio/__init__.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components.esp32 import add_idf_component
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_BITS_PER_SAMPLE, CONF_NUM_CHANNELS, CONF_SAMPLE_RATE
 import esphome.final_validate as fv
@@ -165,4 +166,7 @@ def final_validate_audio_schema(
 
 
 async def to_code(config):
-    cg.add_library("esphome/esp-audio-libs", "2.0.1")
+    add_idf_component(
+        name="esphome/esp-audio-libs",
+        ref="2.0.3",
+    )

esphome/components/audio/audio_decoder.cpp

@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ FileDecoderState AudioDecoder::decode_mp3_() {
 
   // Advance read pointer to match the offset for the syncword
   this->input_transfer_buffer_->decrease_buffer_length(offset);
-  uint8_t *buffer_start = this->input_transfer_buffer_->get_buffer_start();
+  const uint8_t *buffer_start = this->input_transfer_buffer_->get_buffer_start();
 
   buffer_length = (int) this->input_transfer_buffer_->available();
   int err = esp_audio_libs::helix_decoder::MP3Decode(this->mp3_decoder_, &buffer_start, &buffer_length,

esphome/components/bthome_mithermometer/__init__.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import esp32_ble_tracker
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_ID, CONF_MAC_ADDRESS
+from esphome.const import CONF_BINDKEY, CONF_ID, CONF_MAC_ADDRESS
+from esphome.core import HexInt
 
 CODEOWNERS = ["@nagyrobi"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["esp32_ble_tracker"]
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ def bthome_mithermometer_base_schema(extra_schema=None):
             {
                 cv.GenerateID(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(BTHomeMiThermometer),
                 cv.Required(CONF_MAC_ADDRESS): cv.mac_address,
+                cv.Optional(CONF_BINDKEY): cv.bind_key,
             }
         )
         .extend(BLE_DEVICE_SCHEMA)
@@ -34,3 +36,9 @@ async def setup_bthome_mithermometer(var, config):
     await cg.register_component(var, config)
     await esp32_ble_tracker.register_ble_device(var, config)
     cg.add(var.set_address(config[CONF_MAC_ADDRESS].as_hex))
+    if bindkey := config.get(CONF_BINDKEY):
+        bindkey_bytes = [
+            HexInt(int(bindkey[index : index + 2], 16))
+            for index in range(0, len(bindkey), 2)
+        ]
+        cg.add(var.set_bindkey(cg.ArrayInitializer(*bindkey_bytes)))

esphome/components/bthome_mithermometer/bthome_ble.cpp

@@ -3,15 +3,23 @@
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <array>
+#include <cstring>
 #include <span>
 
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
 
+#include "mbedtls/ccm.h"
+
 namespace esphome {
 namespace bthome_mithermometer {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "bthome_mithermometer";
+static constexpr size_t BTHOME_BINDKEY_SIZE = 16;
+static constexpr size_t BTHOME_NONCE_SIZE = 13;
+static constexpr size_t BTHOME_MIC_SIZE = 4;
+static constexpr size_t BTHOME_COUNTER_SIZE = 4;
 
 static const char *format_mac_address(std::span<char, MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer, uint64_t address) {
   std::array<uint8_t, MAC_ADDRESS_SIZE> mac{};
@@ -130,6 +138,10 @@ void BTHomeMiThermometer::dump_config() {
   char addr_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "BTHome MiThermometer");
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  MAC Address: %s", format_mac_address(addr_buf, this->address_));
+  if (this->has_bindkey_) {
+    char bindkey_hex[format_hex_pretty_size(BTHOME_BINDKEY_SIZE)];
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Bindkey: %s", format_hex_pretty_to(bindkey_hex, this->bindkey_, BTHOME_BINDKEY_SIZE, '.'));
+  }
   LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Temperature", this->temperature_);
   LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Humidity", this->humidity_);
   LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Battery Level", this->battery_level_);
@@ -150,6 +162,60 @@ bool BTHomeMiThermometer::parse_device(const esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDevice &dev
   return matched;
 }
 
+void BTHomeMiThermometer::set_bindkey(std::initializer_list<uint8_t> bindkey) {
+  if (bindkey.size() != sizeof(this->bindkey_)) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "BTHome bindkey size mismatch: %zu", bindkey.size());
+    return;
+  }
+  std::copy(bindkey.begin(), bindkey.end(), this->bindkey_);
+  this->has_bindkey_ = true;
+}
+
+bool BTHomeMiThermometer::decrypt_bthome_payload_(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data, uint64_t source_address,
+                                                  std::vector<uint8_t> &payload) const {
+  if (data.size() <= 1 + BTHOME_COUNTER_SIZE + BTHOME_MIC_SIZE) {
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Encrypted BTHome payload too short: %zu", data.size());
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const size_t ciphertext_size = data.size() - 1 - BTHOME_COUNTER_SIZE - BTHOME_MIC_SIZE;
+  payload.resize(ciphertext_size);
+
+  std::array<uint8_t, MAC_ADDRESS_SIZE> mac{};
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < MAC_ADDRESS_SIZE; i++) {
+    mac[i] = (source_address >> ((MAC_ADDRESS_SIZE - 1 - i) * 8)) & 0xFF;
+  }
+
+  std::array<uint8_t, BTHOME_NONCE_SIZE> nonce{};
+  memcpy(nonce.data(), mac.data(), mac.size());
+  nonce[6] = 0xD2;
+  nonce[7] = 0xFC;
+  nonce[8] = data[0];
+  memcpy(nonce.data() + 9, &data[data.size() - BTHOME_COUNTER_SIZE - BTHOME_MIC_SIZE], BTHOME_COUNTER_SIZE);
+
+  const uint8_t *ciphertext = data.data() + 1;
+  const uint8_t *mic = data.data() + data.size() - BTHOME_MIC_SIZE;
+
+  mbedtls_ccm_context ctx;
+  mbedtls_ccm_init(&ctx);
+
+  int ret = mbedtls_ccm_setkey(&ctx, MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_AES, this->bindkey_, BTHOME_BINDKEY_SIZE * 8);
+  if (ret) {
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "mbedtls_ccm_setkey() failed.");
+    mbedtls_ccm_free(&ctx);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  ret = mbedtls_ccm_auth_decrypt(&ctx, ciphertext_size, nonce.data(), nonce.size(), nullptr, 0, ciphertext,
+                                 payload.data(), mic, BTHOME_MIC_SIZE);
+  mbedtls_ccm_free(&ctx);
+  if (ret) {
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome decryption failed (ret=%d).", ret);
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
 bool BTHomeMiThermometer::handle_service_data_(const esp32_ble_tracker::ServiceData &service_data,
                                                const esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDevice &device) {
   if (!service_data.uuid.contains(0xD2, 0xFC)) {
@@ -173,51 +239,88 @@ bool BTHomeMiThermometer::handle_service_data_(const esp32_ble_tracker::ServiceD
     return false;
   }
 
-  char addr_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
-  if (is_encrypted) {
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Ignoring encrypted BTHome frame from %s", device.address_str_to(addr_buf));
+  uint64_t source_address = device.address_uint64();
+  bool address_matches = source_address == this->address_;
+  if (!is_encrypted && mac_included && data.size() >= 7) {
+    uint64_t advertised_address = 0;
+    for (int i = 5; i >= 0; i--) {
+      advertised_address = (advertised_address << 8) | data[1 + i];
+    }
+    address_matches = address_matches || advertised_address == this->address_;
+  }
+
+  if (is_encrypted && !this->has_bindkey_) {
+    if (address_matches) {
+      char addr_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Encrypted BTHome frame received but no bindkey configured for %s",
+               device.address_str_to(addr_buf));
+    }
     return false;
   }
 
-  size_t payload_index = 1;
-  uint64_t source_address = device.address_uint64();
+  if (!is_encrypted && this->has_bindkey_) {
+    if (address_matches) {
+      char addr_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Unencrypted BTHome frame received with bindkey configured for %s",
+               device.address_str_to(addr_buf));
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+  std::vector<uint8_t> decrypted_payload;
+  const uint8_t *payload = nullptr;
+  size_t payload_size = 0;
+
+  if (is_encrypted) {
+    if (!this->decrypt_bthome_payload_(data, source_address, decrypted_payload)) {
+      char addr_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Failed to decrypt BTHome frame from %s", device.address_str_to(addr_buf));
+      return false;
+    }
+    payload = decrypted_payload.data();
+    payload_size = decrypted_payload.size();
+  } else {
+    payload = data.data() + 1;
+    payload_size = data.size() - 1;
+  }
 
   if (mac_included) {
-    if (data.size() < 7) {
+    if (payload_size < 6) {
       ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome payload missing MAC address");
       return false;
     }
     source_address = 0;
     for (int i = 5; i >= 0; i--) {
-      source_address = (source_address << 8) | data[1 + i];
+      source_address = (source_address << 8) | payload[i];
     }
-    payload_index = 7;
+    payload += 6;
+    payload_size -= 6;
   }
 
+  char addr_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
   if (source_address != this->address_) {
     ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome frame from unexpected device %s", format_mac_address(addr_buf, source_address));
     return false;
   }
 
-  if (payload_index >= data.size()) {
+  if (payload_size == 0) {
     ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome payload empty after header");
     return false;
   }
 
   bool reported = false;
-  size_t offset = payload_index;
+  size_t offset = 0;
   uint8_t last_type = 0;
 
-  while (offset < data.size()) {
-    const uint8_t obj_type = data[offset++];
+  while (offset < payload_size) {
+    const uint8_t obj_type = payload[offset++];
     size_t value_length = 0;
     bool has_length_byte = obj_type == 0x53;  // text objects include explicit length
 
     if (has_length_byte) {
-      if (offset >= data.size()) {
+      if (offset >= payload_size) {
         break;
       }
-      value_length = data[offset++];
+      value_length = payload[offset++];
     } else {
       if (!get_bthome_value_length(obj_type, value_length)) {
         ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Unknown BTHome object 0x%02X", obj_type);
@@ -229,12 +332,12 @@ bool BTHomeMiThermometer::handle_service_data_(const esp32_ble_tracker::ServiceD
       break;
     }
 
-    if (offset + value_length > data.size()) {
+    if (offset + value_length > payload_size) {
       ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome object length exceeds payload");
       break;
     }
 
-    const uint8_t *value = &data[offset];
+    const uint8_t *value = &payload[offset];
     offset += value_length;
 
     if (obj_type < last_type) {

esphome/components/bthome_mithermometer/bthome_ble.h

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 
 #include <cstdint>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <vector>
 
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
 
@@ -14,6 +16,7 @@ namespace bthome_mithermometer {
 class BTHomeMiThermometer : public esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDeviceListener, public Component {
  public:
   void set_address(uint64_t address) { this->address_ = address; }
+  void set_bindkey(std::initializer_list<uint8_t> bindkey);
 
   void set_temperature(sensor::Sensor *temperature) { this->temperature_ = temperature; }
   void set_humidity(sensor::Sensor *humidity) { this->humidity_ = humidity; }
@@ -27,9 +30,13 @@ class BTHomeMiThermometer : public esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDeviceListener, publi
  protected:
   bool handle_service_data_(const esp32_ble_tracker::ServiceData &service_data,
                             const esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDevice &device);
+  bool decrypt_bthome_payload_(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data, uint64_t source_address,
+                               std::vector<uint8_t> &payload) const;
 
   uint64_t address_{0};
   optional<uint8_t> last_packet_id_{};
+  bool has_bindkey_{false};
+  uint8_t bindkey_[16];
 
   sensor::Sensor *temperature_{nullptr};
   sensor::Sensor *humidity_{nullptr};

esphome/components/debug/debug_zephyr.cpp

@@ -132,6 +132,26 @@ void DebugComponent::log_partition_info_() {
   flash_area_foreach(fa_cb, nullptr);
 }
 
+static const char *regout0_to_str(uint32_t value) {
+  switch (value) {
+    case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_DEFAULT):
+      return "1.8V (default)";
+    case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_1V8):
+      return "1.8V";
+    case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_2V1):
+      return "2.1V";
+    case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_2V4):
+      return "2.4V";
+    case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_2V7):
+      return "2.7V";
+    case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_3V0):
+      return "3.0V";
+    case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_3V3):
+      return "3.3V";
+  }
+  return "???V";
+}
+
 size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer, size_t pos) {
   constexpr size_t size = DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE;
   char *buf = buffer.data();
@@ -145,34 +165,14 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
   // Regulator stage 0
   if (nrf_power_mainregstatus_get(NRF_POWER) == NRF_POWER_MAINREGSTATUS_HIGH) {
     const char *reg0_type = nrf_power_dcdcen_vddh_get(NRF_POWER) ? "DC/DC" : "LDO";
-    const char *reg0_voltage;
-    switch (NRF_UICR->REGOUT0 & UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Msk) {
-      case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_DEFAULT << UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos):
-        reg0_voltage = "1.8V (default)";
-        break;
-      case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_1V8 << UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos):
-        reg0_voltage = "1.8V";
-        break;
-      case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_2V1 << UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos):
-        reg0_voltage = "2.1V";
-        break;
-      case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_2V4 << UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos):
-        reg0_voltage = "2.4V";
-        break;
-      case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_2V7 << UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos):
-        reg0_voltage = "2.7V";
-        break;
-      case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_3V0 << UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos):
-        reg0_voltage = "3.0V";
-        break;
-      case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_3V3 << UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos):
-        reg0_voltage = "3.3V";
-        break;
-      default:
-        reg0_voltage = "???V";
-    }
+    const char *reg0_voltage = regout0_to_str((NRF_UICR->REGOUT0 & UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Msk) >> UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos);
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Regulator stage 0: %s, %s", reg0_type, reg0_voltage);
     pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Regulator stage 0: %s, %s", reg0_type, reg0_voltage);
+#ifdef USE_NRF52_REG0_VOUT
+    if ((NRF_UICR->REGOUT0 & UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Msk) >> UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos != USE_NRF52_REG0_VOUT) {
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Regulator stage 0: expected %s", regout0_to_str(USE_NRF52_REG0_VOUT));
+    }
+#endif
   } else {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Regulator stage 0: disabled");
     pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Regulator stage 0: disabled");

esphome/components/dht/dht.cpp

@@ -89,10 +89,8 @@ bool HOT IRAM_ATTR DHT::read_sensor_(float *temperature, float *humidity, bool r
     delayMicroseconds(500);
   } else if (this->model_ == DHT_MODEL_DHT22_TYPE2) {
     delayMicroseconds(2000);
-  } else if (this->model_ == DHT_MODEL_AM2120 || this->model_ == DHT_MODEL_AM2302) {
-    delayMicroseconds(1000);
   } else {
-    delayMicroseconds(800);
+    delayMicroseconds(1000);
   }
 
 #ifdef USE_ESP32

esphome/components/epaper_spi/display.py

@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
     # Rotation is handled by setting the transform
     display_config = {k: v for k, v in config.items() if k != CONF_ROTATION}
     await display.register_display(var, display_config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     dc = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_DC_PIN])
     cg.add(var.set_dc_pin(dc))

esphome/components/esp32/__init__.py

@@ -182,6 +182,12 @@ def set_core_data(config):
             path=[CONF_CPU_FREQUENCY],
         )
 
+    if variant == VARIANT_ESP32P4 and cpu_frequency == "400MHZ":
+        _LOGGER.warning(
+            "400MHz on ESP32-P4 is experimental and may not boot. "
+            "Consider using 360MHz instead. See https://github.com/esphome/esphome/issues/13425"
+        )
+
     CORE.data[KEY_ESP32] = {}
     CORE.data[KEY_CORE][KEY_TARGET_PLATFORM] = PLATFORM_ESP32
     conf = config[CONF_FRAMEWORK]
@@ -342,7 +348,12 @@ def add_extra_build_file(filename: str, path: Path) -> bool:
 def _format_framework_arduino_version(ver: cv.Version) -> str:
     # format the given arduino (https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/releases) version to
     # a PIO pioarduino/framework-arduinoespressif32 value
-    return f"pioarduino/framework-arduinoespressif32@https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/releases/download/{str(ver)}/esp32-{str(ver)}.zip"
+    # 3.3.6+ changed filename from esp32-{ver}.zip to esp32-core-{ver}.tar.xz
+    if ver >= cv.Version(3, 3, 6):
+        filename = f"esp32-core-{ver}.tar.xz"
+    else:
+        filename = f"esp32-{ver}.zip"
+    return f"pioarduino/framework-arduinoespressif32@https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/releases/download/{ver}/{filename}"
 
 
 def _format_framework_espidf_version(ver: cv.Version, release: str) -> str:
@@ -377,11 +388,12 @@ def _is_framework_url(source: str) -> bool:
 # The default/recommended arduino framework version
 #  - https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/releases
 ARDUINO_FRAMEWORK_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
-    "recommended": cv.Version(3, 3, 5),
-    "latest": cv.Version(3, 3, 5),
-    "dev": cv.Version(3, 3, 5),
+    "recommended": cv.Version(3, 3, 6),
+    "latest": cv.Version(3, 3, 6),
+    "dev": cv.Version(3, 3, 6),
 }
 ARDUINO_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
+    cv.Version(3, 3, 6): cv.Version(55, 3, 36),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 5): cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 4): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 3): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
@@ -399,6 +411,7 @@ ARDUINO_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
 # These versions correspond to pioarduino/esp-idf releases
 # See: https://github.com/pioarduino/esp-idf/releases
 ARDUINO_IDF_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
+    cv.Version(3, 3, 6): cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 5): cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 4): cv.Version(5, 5, 1),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 3): cv.Version(5, 5, 1),
@@ -421,7 +434,7 @@ ESP_IDF_FRAMEWORK_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
     "dev": cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
 }
 ESP_IDF_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
-    cv.Version(5, 5, 2): cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
+    cv.Version(5, 5, 2): cv.Version(55, 3, 36),
     cv.Version(5, 5, 1): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
     cv.Version(5, 5, 0): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
     cv.Version(5, 4, 3): cv.Version(55, 3, 32),
@@ -438,9 +451,9 @@ ESP_IDF_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
 # The platform-espressif32 version
 #  - https://github.com/pioarduino/platform-espressif32/releases
 PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
-    "recommended": cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
-    "latest": cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
-    "dev": cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
+    "recommended": cv.Version(55, 3, 36),
+    "latest": cv.Version(55, 3, 36),
+    "dev": cv.Version(55, 3, 36),
 }
 
 

esphome/components/esp32_hosted/update/esp32_hosted_update.cpp

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <esp_ota_ops.h>
 
 #ifdef USE_ESP32_HOSTED_HTTP_UPDATE
+#include "esphome/components/http_request/http_request.h"
 #include "esphome/components/json/json_util.h"
 #include "esphome/components/network/util.h"
 #endif
@@ -184,15 +185,23 @@ bool Esp32HostedUpdate::fetch_manifest_() {
   }
 
   // Read manifest JSON into string (manifest is small, ~1KB max)
+  // NOTE: HttpContainer::read() has non-BSD socket semantics - see http_request.h
+  // Use http_read_loop_result() helper instead of checking return values directly
   std::string json_str;
   json_str.reserve(container->content_length);
   uint8_t buf[256];
+  uint32_t last_data_time = millis();
+  const uint32_t read_timeout = this->http_request_parent_->get_timeout();
   while (container->get_bytes_read() < container->content_length) {
-    int read = container->read(buf, sizeof(buf));
-    if (read > 0) {
-      json_str.append(reinterpret_cast<char *>(buf), read);
-    }
+    int read_or_error = container->read(buf, sizeof(buf));
+    App.feed_wdt();
     yield();
+    auto result = http_request::http_read_loop_result(read_or_error, last_data_time, read_timeout);
+    if (result == http_request::HttpReadLoopResult::RETRY)
+      continue;
+    if (result != http_request::HttpReadLoopResult::DATA)
+      break;  // ERROR or TIMEOUT
+    json_str.append(reinterpret_cast<char *>(buf), read_or_error);
   }
   container->end();
 
@@ -297,32 +306,38 @@ bool Esp32HostedUpdate::stream_firmware_to_coprocessor_() {
   }
 
   // Stream firmware to coprocessor while computing SHA256
+  // NOTE: HttpContainer::read() has non-BSD socket semantics - see http_request.h
+  // Use http_read_loop_result() helper instead of checking return values directly
   sha256::SHA256 hasher;
   hasher.init();
 
   uint8_t buffer[CHUNK_SIZE];
+  uint32_t last_data_time = millis();
+  const uint32_t read_timeout = this->http_request_parent_->get_timeout();
   while (container->get_bytes_read() < total_size) {
-    int read = container->read(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+    int read_or_error = container->read(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
 
     // Feed watchdog and give other tasks a chance to run
     App.feed_wdt();
     yield();
 
-    // Exit loop if no data available (stream closed or end of data)
-    if (read <= 0) {
-      if (read < 0) {
-        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Stream closed with error");
-        esp_hosted_slave_ota_end();  // NOLINT
-        container->end();
-        this->status_set_error(LOG_STR("Download failed"));
-        return false;
+    auto result = http_request::http_read_loop_result(read_or_error, last_data_time, read_timeout);
+    if (result == http_request::HttpReadLoopResult::RETRY)
+      continue;
+    if (result != http_request::HttpReadLoopResult::DATA) {
+      if (result == http_request::HttpReadLoopResult::TIMEOUT) {
+        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Timeout reading firmware data");
+      } else {
+        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error reading firmware data: %d", read_or_error);
       }
-      // read == 0: no more data available, exit loop
-      break;
+      esp_hosted_slave_ota_end();  // NOLINT
+      container->end();
+      this->status_set_error(LOG_STR("Download failed"));
+      return false;
     }
 
-    hasher.add(buffer, read);
-    err = esp_hosted_slave_ota_write(buffer, read);  // NOLINT
+    hasher.add(buffer, read_or_error);
+    err = esp_hosted_slave_ota_write(buffer, read_or_error);  // NOLINT
     if (err != ESP_OK) {
       ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to write OTA data: %s", esp_err_to_name(err));
       esp_hosted_slave_ota_end();  // NOLINT

esphome/components/esp8266/preferences.cpp

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ extern "C" {
 #include "preferences.h"
 
 #include <cstring>
-#include <memory>
 
 namespace esphome::esp8266 {
 
@@ -143,16 +142,8 @@ class ESP8266PreferenceBackend : public ESPPreferenceBackend {
       return false;
 
     const size_t buffer_size = static_cast<size_t>(this->length_words) + 1;
-    uint32_t stack_buffer[PREF_BUFFER_WORDS];
-    std::unique_ptr<uint32_t[]> heap_buffer;
-    uint32_t *buffer;
-
-    if (buffer_size <= PREF_BUFFER_WORDS) {
-      buffer = stack_buffer;
-    } else {
-      heap_buffer = make_unique<uint32_t[]>(buffer_size);
-      buffer = heap_buffer.get();
-    }
+    SmallBufferWithHeapFallback<PREF_BUFFER_WORDS, uint32_t> buffer_alloc(buffer_size);
+    uint32_t *buffer = buffer_alloc.get();
     memset(buffer, 0, buffer_size * sizeof(uint32_t));
 
     memcpy(buffer, data, len);
@@ -167,16 +158,8 @@ class ESP8266PreferenceBackend : public ESPPreferenceBackend {
       return false;
 
     const size_t buffer_size = static_cast<size_t>(this->length_words) + 1;
-    uint32_t stack_buffer[PREF_BUFFER_WORDS];
-    std::unique_ptr<uint32_t[]> heap_buffer;
-    uint32_t *buffer;
-
-    if (buffer_size <= PREF_BUFFER_WORDS) {
-      buffer = stack_buffer;
-    } else {
-      heap_buffer = make_unique<uint32_t[]>(buffer_size);
-      buffer = heap_buffer.get();
-    }
+    SmallBufferWithHeapFallback<PREF_BUFFER_WORDS, uint32_t> buffer_alloc(buffer_size);
+    uint32_t *buffer = buffer_alloc.get();
 
     bool ret = this->in_flash ? load_from_flash(this->offset, buffer, buffer_size)
                               : load_from_rtc(this->offset, buffer, buffer_size);

esphome/components/fingerprint_grow/fingerprint_grow.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "fingerprint_grow.h"
+#include "esphome/core/gpio.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include <cinttypes>
 
@@ -532,14 +533,21 @@ void FingerprintGrowComponent::sensor_sleep_() {
 }
 
 void FingerprintGrowComponent::dump_config() {
+  char sensing_pin_buf[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  char power_pin_buf[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  if (this->has_sensing_pin_) {
+    this->sensing_pin_->dump_summary(sensing_pin_buf, sizeof(sensing_pin_buf));
+  }
+  if (this->has_power_pin_) {
+    this->sensor_power_pin_->dump_summary(power_pin_buf, sizeof(power_pin_buf));
+  }
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
                 "GROW_FINGERPRINT_READER:\n"
                 "  System Identifier Code: 0x%.4X\n"
                 "  Touch Sensing Pin: %s\n"
                 "  Sensor Power Pin: %s",
-                this->system_identifier_code_,
-                this->has_sensing_pin_ ? this->sensing_pin_->dump_summary().c_str() : "None",
-                this->has_power_pin_ ? this->sensor_power_pin_->dump_summary().c_str() : "None");
+                this->system_identifier_code_, this->has_sensing_pin_ ? sensing_pin_buf : "None",
+                this->has_power_pin_ ? power_pin_buf : "None");
   if (this->idle_period_to_sleep_ms_ < UINT32_MAX) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Idle Period to Sleep: %" PRIu32 " ms", this->idle_period_to_sleep_ms_);
   } else {

esphome/components/hc8/sensor.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_BASELINE,
     CONF_CO2,
     CONF_ID,
+    CONF_WARMUP_TIME,
     DEVICE_CLASS_CARBON_DIOXIDE,
     ICON_MOLECULE_CO2,
     STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
@@ -14,8 +15,6 @@ from esphome.const import (
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["uart"]
 
-CONF_WARMUP_TIME = "warmup_time"
-
 hc8_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("hc8")
 HC8Component = hc8_ns.class_("HC8Component", cg.PollingComponent, uart.UARTDevice)
 HC8CalibrateAction = hc8_ns.class_("HC8CalibrateAction", automation.Action)

esphome/components/heatpumpir/climate.py

@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
             cv.Required(CONF_MAX_TEMPERATURE): cv.temperature,
         }
     ),
-    cv.only_with_arduino,
+    cv.Any(cv.only_with_arduino, cv.only_on_esp32),
 )
 
 
@@ -126,6 +126,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
     cg.add(var.set_max_temperature(config[CONF_MAX_TEMPERATURE]))
     cg.add(var.set_min_temperature(config[CONF_MIN_TEMPERATURE]))
 
-    cg.add_library("tonia/HeatpumpIR", "1.0.37")
+    cg.add_library("tonia/HeatpumpIR", "1.0.40")
     if CORE.is_libretiny or CORE.is_esp32:
         CORE.add_platformio_option("lib_ignore", ["IRremoteESP8266"])

esphome/components/heatpumpir/heatpumpir.cpp

@@ -1,15 +1,46 @@
 #include "heatpumpir.h"
 
-#ifdef USE_ARDUINO
+#if defined(USE_ARDUINO) || defined(USE_ESP32)
 
 #include <map>
-#include "ir_sender_esphome.h"
-#include "HeatpumpIRFactory.h"
+#include <IRSender.h>
+#include <HeatpumpIRFactory.h>
+#include "esphome/components/remote_base/remote_base.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace heatpumpir {
 
+// IRSenderESPHome - bridge between ESPHome's remote_transmitter and HeatpumpIR library
+// Defined here (not in a header) to isolate HeatpumpIR's headers from the rest of ESPHome,
+// as they define conflicting symbols like millis() in the global namespace.
+class IRSenderESPHome : public IRSender {
+ public:
+  IRSenderESPHome(remote_base::RemoteTransmitterBase *transmitter) : IRSender(0), transmit_(transmitter->transmit()) {}
+
+  void setFrequency(int frequency) override {  // NOLINT(readability-identifier-naming)
+    auto *data = this->transmit_.get_data();
+    data->set_carrier_frequency(1000 * frequency);
+  }
+
+  void space(int space_length) override {
+    if (space_length) {
+      auto *data = this->transmit_.get_data();
+      data->space(space_length);
+    } else {
+      this->transmit_.perform();
+    }
+  }
+
+  void mark(int mark_length) override {
+    auto *data = this->transmit_.get_data();
+    data->mark(mark_length);
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  remote_base::RemoteTransmitterBase::TransmitCall transmit_;
+};
+
 static const char *const TAG = "heatpumpir.climate";
 
 const std::map<Protocol, std::function<HeatpumpIR *()>> PROTOCOL_CONSTRUCTOR_MAP = {

esphome/components/heatpumpir/heatpumpir.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#ifdef USE_ARDUINO
+#if defined(USE_ARDUINO) || defined(USE_ESP32)
 
 #include "esphome/components/climate_ir/climate_ir.h"
 

esphome/components/heatpumpir/ir_sender_esphome.cpp

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-#include "ir_sender_esphome.h"
-
-#ifdef USE_ARDUINO
-
-namespace esphome {
-namespace heatpumpir {
-
-void IRSenderESPHome::setFrequency(int frequency) {  // NOLINT(readability-identifier-naming)
-  auto *data = transmit_.get_data();
-  data->set_carrier_frequency(1000 * frequency);
-}
-
-// Send an IR 'mark' symbol, i.e. transmitter ON
-void IRSenderESPHome::mark(int mark_length) {
-  auto *data = transmit_.get_data();
-  data->mark(mark_length);
-}
-
-// Send an IR 'space' symbol, i.e. transmitter OFF
-void IRSenderESPHome::space(int space_length) {
-  if (space_length) {
-    auto *data = transmit_.get_data();
-    data->space(space_length);
-  } else {
-    transmit_.perform();
-  }
-}
-
-}  // namespace heatpumpir
-}  // namespace esphome
-
-#endif

esphome/components/heatpumpir/ir_sender_esphome.h

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#ifdef USE_ARDUINO
-
-#include "esphome/components/remote_base/remote_base.h"
-#include <IRSender.h>  // arduino-heatpump library
-
-namespace esphome {
-namespace heatpumpir {
-
-class IRSenderESPHome : public IRSender {
- public:
-  IRSenderESPHome(remote_base::RemoteTransmitterBase *transmitter) : IRSender(0), transmit_(transmitter->transmit()){};
-  void setFrequency(int frequency) override;  // NOLINT(readability-identifier-naming)
-  void space(int space_length) override;
-  void mark(int mark_length) override;
-
- protected:
-  remote_base::RemoteTransmitterBase::TransmitCall transmit_;
-};
-
-}  // namespace heatpumpir
-}  // namespace esphome
-
-#endif

esphome/components/http_request/__init__.py

@@ -157,6 +157,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
     if CORE.is_esp32:
         cg.add(var.set_buffer_size_rx(config[CONF_BUFFER_SIZE_RX]))
         cg.add(var.set_buffer_size_tx(config[CONF_BUFFER_SIZE_TX]))
+        cg.add(var.set_verify_ssl(config[CONF_VERIFY_SSL]))
 
         if config.get(CONF_VERIFY_SSL):
             esp32.add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_MBEDTLS_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE", True)

esphome/components/http_request/http_request.h

@@ -79,6 +79,81 @@ inline bool is_redirect(int const status) {
  */
 inline bool is_success(int const status) { return status >= HTTP_STATUS_OK && status < HTTP_STATUS_MULTIPLE_CHOICES; }
 
+/*
+ * HTTP Container Read Semantics
+ * =============================
+ *
+ * IMPORTANT: These semantics differ from standard BSD sockets!
+ *
+ * BSD socket read() returns:
+ *   > 0: bytes read
+ *   == 0: connection closed (EOF)
+ *   < 0: error (check errno)
+ *
+ * HttpContainer::read() returns:
+ *   > 0: bytes read successfully
+ *   == 0: no data available yet OR all content read
+ *         (caller should check bytes_read vs content_length)
+ *   < 0: error or connection closed (caller should EXIT)
+ *        HTTP_ERROR_CONNECTION_CLOSED (-1) = connection closed prematurely
+ *        other negative values = platform-specific errors
+ *
+ * Platform behaviors:
+ *   - ESP-IDF: blocking reads, 0 only returned when all content read
+ *   - Arduino: non-blocking, 0 means "no data yet" or "all content read"
+ *
+ * Use the helper functions below instead of checking return values directly:
+ *   - http_read_loop_result(): for manual loops with per-chunk processing
+ *   - http_read_fully(): for simple "read N bytes into buffer" operations
+ */
+
+/// Error code returned by HttpContainer::read() when connection closed prematurely
+/// NOTE: Unlike BSD sockets where 0 means EOF, here 0 means "no data yet, retry"
+static constexpr int HTTP_ERROR_CONNECTION_CLOSED = -1;
+
+/// Status of a read operation
+enum class HttpReadStatus : uint8_t {
+  OK,       ///< Read completed successfully
+  ERROR,    ///< Read error occurred
+  TIMEOUT,  ///< Timeout waiting for data
+};
+
+/// Result of an HTTP read operation
+struct HttpReadResult {
+  HttpReadStatus status;  ///< Status of the read operation
+  int error_code;         ///< Error code from read() on failure, 0 on success
+};
+
+/// Result of processing a non-blocking read with timeout (for manual loops)
+enum class HttpReadLoopResult : uint8_t {
+  DATA,     ///< Data was read, process it
+  RETRY,    ///< No data yet, already delayed, caller should continue loop
+  ERROR,    ///< Read error, caller should exit loop
+  TIMEOUT,  ///< Timeout waiting for data, caller should exit loop
+};
+
+/// Process a read result with timeout tracking and delay handling
+/// @param bytes_read_or_error Return value from read() - positive for bytes read, negative for error
+/// @param last_data_time Time of last successful read, updated when data received
+/// @param timeout_ms Maximum time to wait for data
+/// @return DATA if data received, RETRY if should continue loop, ERROR/TIMEOUT if should exit
+inline HttpReadLoopResult http_read_loop_result(int bytes_read_or_error, uint32_t &last_data_time,
+                                                uint32_t timeout_ms) {
+  if (bytes_read_or_error > 0) {
+    last_data_time = millis();
+    return HttpReadLoopResult::DATA;
+  }
+  if (bytes_read_or_error < 0) {
+    return HttpReadLoopResult::ERROR;
+  }
+  // bytes_read_or_error == 0: no data available yet
+  if (millis() - last_data_time >= timeout_ms) {
+    return HttpReadLoopResult::TIMEOUT;
+  }
+  delay(1);  // Small delay to prevent tight spinning
+  return HttpReadLoopResult::RETRY;
+}
+
 class HttpRequestComponent;
 
 class HttpContainer : public Parented<HttpRequestComponent> {
@@ -88,6 +163,33 @@ class HttpContainer : public Parented<HttpRequestComponent> {
   int status_code;
   uint32_t duration_ms;
 
+  /**
+   * @brief Read data from the HTTP response body.
+   *
+   * WARNING: These semantics differ from BSD sockets!
+   * BSD sockets: 0 = EOF (connection closed)
+   * This method: 0 = no data yet OR all content read, negative = error/closed
+   *
+   * @param buf Buffer to read data into
+   * @param max_len Maximum number of bytes to read
+   * @return
+   *   - > 0: Number of bytes read successfully
+   *   - 0: No data available yet OR all content read
+   *        (check get_bytes_read() >= content_length to distinguish)
+   *   - HTTP_ERROR_CONNECTION_CLOSED (-1): Connection closed prematurely
+   *   - < -1: Other error (platform-specific error code)
+   *
+   * Platform notes:
+   *   - ESP-IDF: blocking read, 0 only when all content read
+   *   - Arduino: non-blocking, 0 can mean "no data yet" or "all content read"
+   *
+   * Use get_bytes_read() and content_length to track progress.
+   * When get_bytes_read() >= content_length, all data has been received.
+   *
+   * IMPORTANT: Do not use raw return values directly. Use these helpers:
+   *   - http_read_loop_result(): for loops with per-chunk processing
+   *   - http_read_fully(): for simple "read N bytes" operations
+   */
   virtual int read(uint8_t *buf, size_t max_len) = 0;
   virtual void end() = 0;
 
@@ -110,6 +212,38 @@ class HttpContainer : public Parented<HttpRequestComponent> {
   std::map<std::string, std::list<std::string>> response_headers_{};
 };
 
+/// Read data from HTTP container into buffer with timeout handling
+/// Handles feed_wdt, yield, and timeout checking internally
+/// @param container The HTTP container to read from
+/// @param buffer Buffer to read into
+/// @param total_size Total bytes to read
+/// @param chunk_size Maximum bytes per read call
+/// @param timeout_ms Read timeout in milliseconds
+/// @return HttpReadResult with status and error_code on failure
+inline HttpReadResult http_read_fully(HttpContainer *container, uint8_t *buffer, size_t total_size, size_t chunk_size,
+                                      uint32_t timeout_ms) {
+  size_t read_index = 0;
+  uint32_t last_data_time = millis();
+
+  while (read_index < total_size) {
+    int read_bytes_or_error = container->read(buffer + read_index, std::min(chunk_size, total_size - read_index));
+
+    App.feed_wdt();
+    yield();
+
+    auto result = http_read_loop_result(read_bytes_or_error, last_data_time, timeout_ms);
+    if (result == HttpReadLoopResult::RETRY)
+      continue;
+    if (result == HttpReadLoopResult::ERROR)
+      return {HttpReadStatus::ERROR, read_bytes_or_error};
+    if (result == HttpReadLoopResult::TIMEOUT)
+      return {HttpReadStatus::TIMEOUT, 0};
+
+    read_index += read_bytes_or_error;
+  }
+  return {HttpReadStatus::OK, 0};
+}
+
 class HttpRequestResponseTrigger : public Trigger<std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer>, std::string &> {
  public:
   void process(const std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> &container, std::string &response_body) {
@@ -124,6 +258,7 @@ class HttpRequestComponent : public Component {
 
   void set_useragent(const char *useragent) { this->useragent_ = useragent; }
   void set_timeout(uint32_t timeout) { this->timeout_ = timeout; }
+  uint32_t get_timeout() const { return this->timeout_; }
   void set_watchdog_timeout(uint32_t watchdog_timeout) { this->watchdog_timeout_ = watchdog_timeout; }
   uint32_t get_watchdog_timeout() const { return this->watchdog_timeout_; }
   void set_follow_redirects(bool follow_redirects) { this->follow_redirects_ = follow_redirects; }
@@ -249,15 +384,21 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HttpRequestSendAction : public Action<Ts...> {
       RAMAllocator<uint8_t> allocator;
       uint8_t *buf = allocator.allocate(max_length);
       if (buf != nullptr) {
+        // NOTE: HttpContainer::read() has non-BSD socket semantics - see top of this file
+        // Use http_read_loop_result() helper instead of checking return values directly
         size_t read_index = 0;
+        uint32_t last_data_time = millis();
+        const uint32_t read_timeout = this->parent_->get_timeout();
         while (container->get_bytes_read() < max_length) {
-          int read = container->read(buf + read_index, std::min<size_t>(max_length - read_index, 512));
-          if (read <= 0) {
-            break;
-          }
+          int read_or_error = container->read(buf + read_index, std::min<size_t>(max_length - read_index, 512));
           App.feed_wdt();
           yield();
-          read_index += read;
+          auto result = http_read_loop_result(read_or_error, last_data_time, read_timeout);
+          if (result == HttpReadLoopResult::RETRY)
+            continue;
+          if (result != HttpReadLoopResult::DATA)
+            break;  // ERROR or TIMEOUT
+          read_index += read_or_error;
         }
         response_body.reserve(read_index);
         response_body.assign((char *) buf, read_index);

esphome/components/http_request/http_request_arduino.cpp

@@ -139,6 +139,23 @@ std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> HttpRequestArduino::perform(const std::string &ur
   return container;
 }
 
+// Arduino HTTP read implementation
+//
+// WARNING: Return values differ from BSD sockets! See http_request.h for full documentation.
+//
+// Arduino's WiFiClient is inherently non-blocking - available() returns 0 when
+// no data is ready. We use connected() to distinguish "no data yet" from
+// "connection closed".
+//
+// WiFiClient behavior:
+//   available() > 0: data ready to read
+//   available() == 0 && connected(): no data yet, still connected
+//   available() == 0 && !connected(): connection closed
+//
+// We normalize to HttpContainer::read() contract (NOT BSD socket semantics!):
+//   > 0: bytes read
+//   0: no data yet, retry            <-- NOTE: 0 means retry, NOT EOF!
+//   < 0: error/connection closed     <-- connection closed returns -1, not 0
 int HttpContainerArduino::read(uint8_t *buf, size_t max_len) {
   const uint32_t start = millis();
   watchdog::WatchdogManager wdm(this->parent_->get_watchdog_timeout());
@@ -146,7 +163,7 @@ int HttpContainerArduino::read(uint8_t *buf, size_t max_len) {
   WiFiClient *stream_ptr = this->client_.getStreamPtr();
   if (stream_ptr == nullptr) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Stream pointer vanished!");
-    return -1;
+    return HTTP_ERROR_CONNECTION_CLOSED;
   }
 
   int available_data = stream_ptr->available();
@@ -154,7 +171,15 @@ int HttpContainerArduino::read(uint8_t *buf, size_t max_len) {
 
   if (bufsize == 0) {
     this->duration_ms += (millis() - start);
-    return 0;
+    // Check if we've read all expected content
+    if (this->bytes_read_ >= this->content_length) {
+      return 0;  // All content read successfully
+    }
+    // No data available - check if connection is still open
+    if (!stream_ptr->connected()) {
+      return HTTP_ERROR_CONNECTION_CLOSED;  // Connection closed prematurely
+    }
+    return 0;  // No data yet, caller should retry
   }
 
   App.feed_wdt();

esphome/components/http_request/http_request_idf.cpp

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> HttpRequestIDF::perform(const std::string &url, c
   config.max_redirection_count = this->redirect_limit_;
   config.auth_type = HTTP_AUTH_TYPE_BASIC;
 #if CONFIG_MBEDTLS_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE
-  if (secure) {
+  if (secure && this->verify_ssl_) {
     config.crt_bundle_attach = esp_crt_bundle_attach;
   }
 #endif
@@ -209,26 +209,57 @@ std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> HttpRequestIDF::perform(const std::string &url, c
   return container;
 }
 
+// ESP-IDF HTTP read implementation (blocking mode)
+//
+// WARNING: Return values differ from BSD sockets! See http_request.h for full documentation.
+//
+// esp_http_client_read() in blocking mode returns:
+//   > 0: bytes read
+//   0: connection closed (end of stream)
+//   < 0: error
+//
+// We normalize to HttpContainer::read() contract:
+//   > 0: bytes read
+//   0: no data yet / all content read (caller should check bytes_read vs content_length)
+//   < 0: error/connection closed
 int HttpContainerIDF::read(uint8_t *buf, size_t max_len) {
   const uint32_t start = millis();
   watchdog::WatchdogManager wdm(this->parent_->get_watchdog_timeout());
 
-  this->feed_wdt();
-  int read_len = esp_http_client_read(this->client_, (char *) buf, max_len);
-  this->feed_wdt();
-  if (read_len > 0) {
-    this->bytes_read_ += read_len;
+  // Check if we've already read all expected content
+  if (this->bytes_read_ >= this->content_length) {
+    return 0;  // All content read successfully
   }
+
+  this->feed_wdt();
+  int read_len_or_error = esp_http_client_read(this->client_, (char *) buf, max_len);
+  this->feed_wdt();
+
   this->duration_ms += (millis() - start);
 
-  return read_len;
+  if (read_len_or_error > 0) {
+    this->bytes_read_ += read_len_or_error;
+    return read_len_or_error;
+  }
+
+  // Connection closed by server before all content received
+  if (read_len_or_error == 0) {
+    return HTTP_ERROR_CONNECTION_CLOSED;
+  }
+
+  // Negative value - error, return the actual error code for debugging
+  return read_len_or_error;
 }
 
 void HttpContainerIDF::end() {
+  if (this->client_ == nullptr) {
+    return;  // Already cleaned up
+  }
   watchdog::WatchdogManager wdm(this->parent_->get_watchdog_timeout());
 
   esp_http_client_close(this->client_);
   esp_http_client_cleanup(this->client_);
+  this->client_ = nullptr;
 }
 
 void HttpContainerIDF::feed_wdt() {

esphome/components/http_request/http_request_idf.h

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ class HttpRequestIDF : public HttpRequestComponent {
 
   void set_buffer_size_rx(uint16_t buffer_size_rx) { this->buffer_size_rx_ = buffer_size_rx; }
   void set_buffer_size_tx(uint16_t buffer_size_tx) { this->buffer_size_tx_ = buffer_size_tx; }
+  void set_verify_ssl(bool verify_ssl) { this->verify_ssl_ = verify_ssl; }
 
  protected:
   std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer> perform(const std::string &url, const std::string &method, const std::string &body,
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ class HttpRequestIDF : public HttpRequestComponent {
   // if zero ESP-IDF will use DEFAULT_HTTP_BUF_SIZE
   uint16_t buffer_size_rx_{};
   uint16_t buffer_size_tx_{};
+  bool verify_ssl_{true};
 
   /// @brief Monitors the http client events to gather response headers
   static esp_err_t http_event_handler(esp_http_client_event_t *evt);

esphome/components/http_request/ota/ota_http_request.cpp

@@ -115,39 +115,47 @@ uint8_t OtaHttpRequestComponent::do_ota_() {
     return error_code;
   }
 
+  // NOTE: HttpContainer::read() has non-BSD socket semantics - see http_request.h
+  // Use http_read_loop_result() helper instead of checking return values directly
+  uint32_t last_data_time = millis();
+  const uint32_t read_timeout = this->parent_->get_timeout();
+
   while (container->get_bytes_read() < container->content_length) {
-    // read a maximum of chunk_size bytes into buf. (real read size returned)
-    int bufsize = container->read(buf, OtaHttpRequestComponent::HTTP_RECV_BUFFER);
-    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "bytes_read_ = %u, body_length_ = %u, bufsize = %i", container->get_bytes_read(),
-              container->content_length, bufsize);
+    // read a maximum of chunk_size bytes into buf. (real read size returned, or negative error code)
+    int bufsize_or_error = container->read(buf, OtaHttpRequestComponent::HTTP_RECV_BUFFER);
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "bytes_read_ = %u, body_length_ = %u, bufsize_or_error = %i", container->get_bytes_read(),
+              container->content_length, bufsize_or_error);
 
     // feed watchdog and give other tasks a chance to run
     App.feed_wdt();
     yield();
 
-    // Exit loop if no data available (stream closed or end of data)
-    if (bufsize <= 0) {
-      if (bufsize < 0) {
-        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Stream closed with error");
-        this->cleanup_(std::move(backend), container);
-        return OTA_CONNECTION_ERROR;
+    auto result = http_read_loop_result(bufsize_or_error, last_data_time, read_timeout);
+    if (result == HttpReadLoopResult::RETRY)
+      continue;
+    if (result != HttpReadLoopResult::DATA) {
+      if (result == HttpReadLoopResult::TIMEOUT) {
+        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Timeout reading data");
+      } else {
+        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error reading data: %d", bufsize_or_error);
       }
-      // bufsize == 0: no more data available, exit loop
-      break;
+      this->cleanup_(std::move(backend), container);
+      return OTA_CONNECTION_ERROR;
     }
 
-    if (bufsize <= OtaHttpRequestComponent::HTTP_RECV_BUFFER) {
+    // At this point bufsize_or_error > 0, so it's a valid size
+    if (bufsize_or_error <= OtaHttpRequestComponent::HTTP_RECV_BUFFER) {
       // add read bytes to MD5
-      md5_receive.add(buf, bufsize);
+      md5_receive.add(buf, bufsize_or_error);
 
       // write bytes to OTA backend
       this->update_started_ = true;
-      error_code = backend->write(buf, bufsize);
+      error_code = backend->write(buf, bufsize_or_error);
       if (error_code != ota::OTA_RESPONSE_OK) {
         // error code explanation available at
         // https://github.com/esphome/esphome/blob/dev/esphome/components/ota/ota_backend.h
         ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error code (%02X) writing binary data to flash at offset %d and size %d", error_code,
-                 container->get_bytes_read() - bufsize, container->content_length);
+                 container->get_bytes_read() - bufsize_or_error, container->content_length);
         this->cleanup_(std::move(backend), container);
         return error_code;
       }
@@ -244,19 +252,19 @@ bool OtaHttpRequestComponent::http_get_md5_() {
   }
 
   this->md5_expected_.resize(MD5_SIZE);
-  int read_len = 0;
-  while (container->get_bytes_read() < MD5_SIZE) {
-    read_len = container->read((uint8_t *) this->md5_expected_.data(), MD5_SIZE);
-    if (read_len <= 0) {
-      break;
-    }
-    App.feed_wdt();
-    yield();
-  }
+  auto result = http_read_fully(container.get(), (uint8_t *) this->md5_expected_.data(), MD5_SIZE, MD5_SIZE,
+                                this->parent_->get_timeout());
   container->end();
 
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Read len: %u, MD5 expected: %u", read_len, MD5_SIZE);
-  return read_len == MD5_SIZE;
+  if (result.status != HttpReadStatus::OK) {
+    if (result.status == HttpReadStatus::TIMEOUT) {
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Timeout reading MD5");
+    } else {
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error reading MD5: %d", result.error_code);
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
 }
 
 bool OtaHttpRequestComponent::validate_url_(const std::string &url) {

esphome/components/http_request/update/http_request_update.cpp

@@ -11,7 +11,12 @@ namespace http_request {
 
 // The update function runs in a task only on ESP32s.
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
-#define UPDATE_RETURN vTaskDelete(nullptr)  // Delete the current update task
+// vTaskDelete doesn't return, but clang-tidy doesn't know that
+#define UPDATE_RETURN \
+  do { \
+    vTaskDelete(nullptr); \
+    __builtin_unreachable(); \
+  } while (0)
 #else
 #define UPDATE_RETURN return
 #endif
@@ -70,19 +75,21 @@ void HttpRequestUpdate::update_task(void *params) {
     UPDATE_RETURN;
   }
 
-  size_t read_index = 0;
-  while (container->get_bytes_read() < container->content_length) {
-    int read_bytes = container->read(data + read_index, MAX_READ_SIZE);
-
-    yield();
-
-    if (read_bytes <= 0) {
-      // Network error or connection closed - break to avoid infinite loop
-      break;
+  auto read_result = http_read_fully(container.get(), data, container->content_length, MAX_READ_SIZE,
+                                     this_update->request_parent_->get_timeout());
+  if (read_result.status != HttpReadStatus::OK) {
+    if (read_result.status == HttpReadStatus::TIMEOUT) {
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Timeout reading manifest");
+    } else {
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error reading manifest: %d", read_result.error_code);
     }
-
-    read_index += read_bytes;
+    // Defer to main loop to avoid race condition on component_state_ read-modify-write
+    this_update->defer([this_update]() { this_update->status_set_error(LOG_STR("Failed to read manifest")); });
+    allocator.deallocate(data, container->content_length);
+    container->end();
+    UPDATE_RETURN;
   }
+  size_t read_index = container->get_bytes_read();
 
   bool valid = false;
   {  // Ensures the response string falls out of scope and deallocates before the task ends

esphome/components/ili9xxx/display.py

@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.Pvariable(config[CONF_ID], rhs)
 
     await display.register_display(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
     dc = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_DC_PIN])
     cg.add(var.set_dc_pin(dc))
     if init_sequences := config.get(CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE):

esphome/components/ir_rf_proxy/ir_rf_proxy.h

@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@
 // Once the API is considered stable, this warning will be removed.
 
 #include "esphome/components/infrared/infrared.h"
-#include "esphome/components/remote_transmitter/remote_transmitter.h"
-#include "esphome/components/remote_receiver/remote_receiver.h"
 
 namespace esphome::ir_rf_proxy {
 

esphome/components/lvgl/widgets/dropdown.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+from esphome import codegen as cg
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_OPTIONS
 
@@ -24,6 +25,34 @@ from .label import CONF_LABEL
 CONF_DROPDOWN = "dropdown"
 CONF_DROPDOWN_LIST = "dropdown_list"
 
+# Example valid dropdown symbol (left arrow) for error messages
+EXAMPLE_DROPDOWN_SYMBOL = "\U00002190"  # ←
+
+
+def dropdown_symbol_validator(value):
+    """
+    Validate that the dropdown symbol is a single Unicode character
+    with a codepoint of 0x100 (256) or greater.
+    This is required because LVGL uses codepoints below 0x100 for internal symbols.
+    """
+    value = cv.string(value)
+    # len(value) counts Unicode code points, not grapheme clusters or bytes
+    if len(value) != 1:
+        raise cv.Invalid(
+            f"Dropdown symbol must be a single character, got '{value}' with length {len(value)}"
+        )
+    codepoint = ord(value)
+    if codepoint < 0x100:
+        # Format the example symbol as a Unicode escape for the error message
+        example_escape = f"\\U{ord(EXAMPLE_DROPDOWN_SYMBOL):08X}"
+        raise cv.Invalid(
+            f"Dropdown symbol must have a Unicode codepoint of 0x100 (256) or greater. "
+            f"'{value}' has codepoint {codepoint} (0x{codepoint:X}). "
+            f"Use a character like '{example_escape}' ({EXAMPLE_DROPDOWN_SYMBOL}) or other Unicode symbols with codepoint >= 0x100."
+        )
+    return value
+
+
 lv_dropdown_t = LvSelect("LvDropdownType", parents=(LvCompound,))
 
 lv_dropdown_list_t = LvType("lv_dropdown_list_t")
@@ -33,7 +62,7 @@ dropdown_list_spec = WidgetType(
 
 DROPDOWN_BASE_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
     {
-        cv.Optional(CONF_SYMBOL): lv_text,
+        cv.Optional(CONF_SYMBOL): dropdown_symbol_validator,
         cv.Exclusive(CONF_SELECTED_INDEX, CONF_SELECTED_TEXT): lv_int,
         cv.Exclusive(CONF_SELECTED_TEXT, CONF_SELECTED_TEXT): lv_text,
         cv.Optional(CONF_DROPDOWN_LIST): part_schema(dropdown_list_spec.parts),
@@ -70,7 +99,7 @@ class DropdownType(WidgetType):
         if options := config.get(CONF_OPTIONS):
             lv_add(w.var.set_options(options))
         if symbol := config.get(CONF_SYMBOL):
-            lv.dropdown_set_symbol(w.var.obj, await lv_text.process(symbol))
+            lv.dropdown_set_symbol(w.var.obj, cg.safe_exp(symbol))
         if (selected := config.get(CONF_SELECTED_INDEX)) is not None:
             value = await lv_int.process(selected)
             lv_add(w.var.set_selected_index(value, literal("LV_ANIM_OFF")))

esphome/components/max7219/display.py

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
 
 async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
     await display.register_display(var, config)
 
     cg.add(var.set_num_chips(config[CONF_NUM_CHIPS]))

esphome/components/max7219digit/display.py

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
 
 async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
     await display.register_display(var, config)
 
     cg.add(var.set_num_chips(config[CONF_NUM_CHIPS]))

esphome/components/mhz19/sensor.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_CO2,
     CONF_ID,
     CONF_TEMPERATURE,
+    CONF_WARMUP_TIME,
     DEVICE_CLASS_CARBON_DIOXIDE,
     DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
     ICON_MOLECULE_CO2,
@@ -18,7 +19,6 @@ from esphome.const import (
 DEPENDENCIES = ["uart"]
 
 CONF_AUTOMATIC_BASELINE_CALIBRATION = "automatic_baseline_calibration"
-CONF_WARMUP_TIME = "warmup_time"
 CONF_DETECTION_RANGE = "detection_range"
 
 mhz19_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("mhz19")

esphome/components/mipi_dsi/models/m5stack.py

@@ -55,3 +55,44 @@ DriverChip(
         (0x35,), (0xFE,),
     ],
 )
+
+DriverChip(
+    "M5STACK-TAB5-V2",
+    height=1280,
+    width=720,
+    hsync_back_porch=40,
+    hsync_pulse_width=2,
+    hsync_front_porch=40,
+    vsync_back_porch=8,
+    vsync_pulse_width=2,
+    vsync_front_porch=220,
+    pclk_frequency="80MHz",
+    lane_bit_rate="960Mbps",
+    swap_xy=cv.UNDEFINED,
+    color_order="RGB",
+    initsequence=[
+        (0x60, 0x71, 0x23, 0xa2),
+        (0x60, 0x71, 0x23, 0xa3),
+        (0x60, 0x71, 0x23, 0xa4),
+        (0xA4, 0x31),
+        (0xD7, 0x10, 0x0A, 0x10, 0x2A, 0x80, 0x80),
+        (0x90, 0x71, 0x23, 0x5A, 0x20, 0x24, 0x09, 0x09),
+        (0xA3, 0x80, 0x01, 0x88, 0x30, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x46, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x5C, 0x1E, 0x80, 0x00, 0x4F, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x46, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x5C, 0x1E, 0x80, 0x00, 0x6F, 0x58, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF),
+        (0xA6, 0x03, 0x00, 0x24, 0x55, 0x36, 0x00, 0x39, 0x00, 0x6E, 0x6E, 0x91, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x24, 0x55, 0x38, 0x00, 0x37, 0x00, 0x6E, 0x6E, 0x91, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x24, 0x11, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x6E, 0x6E, 0x91, 0xFF, 0x00, 0xEC, 0x11, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x03, 0x6E, 0x6E, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x08, 0x80, 0x08, 0x80, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00),
+        (0xA7, 0x19, 0x19, 0x80, 0x64, 0x40, 0x07, 0x16, 0x40, 0x00, 0x44, 0x03, 0x6E, 0x6E, 0x91, 0xFF, 0x08, 0x80, 0x64, 0x40, 0x25, 0x34, 0x40, 0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x6E, 0x6E, 0x91, 0xFF, 0x08, 0x80, 0x64, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x6E, 0x6E, 0x91, 0xFF, 0x08, 0x80, 0x64, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x6E, 0x6E, 0x84, 0xFF, 0x08, 0x80, 0x44),
+        (0xAC, 0x03, 0x19, 0x19, 0x18, 0x18, 0x06, 0x13, 0x13, 0x11, 0x11, 0x08, 0x08, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x1C, 0x1C, 0x07, 0x07, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x02, 0x01, 0x19, 0x19, 0x18, 0x18, 0x06, 0x12, 0x12, 0x10, 0x10, 0x09, 0x09, 0x0B, 0x0B, 0x1C, 0x1C, 0x07, 0x07, 0x03, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01),
+        (0xAD, 0xF0, 0x00, 0x46, 0x00, 0x03, 0x50, 0x50, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xF0, 0x40, 0x06, 0x01, 0x07, 0x42, 0x42, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF),
+        (0xAE, 0xFE, 0x3F, 0x3F, 0xFE, 0x3F, 0x3F, 0x00),
+        (0xB2, 0x15, 0x19, 0x05, 0x23, 0x49, 0xAF, 0x03, 0x2E, 0x5C, 0xD2, 0xFF, 0x10, 0x20, 0xFD, 0x20, 0xC0, 0x00),
+        (0xE8, 0x20, 0x6F, 0x04, 0x97, 0x97, 0x3E, 0x04, 0xDC, 0xDC, 0x3E, 0x06, 0xFA, 0x26, 0x3E),
+        (0x75, 0x03, 0x04),
+        (0xE7, 0x3B, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7C, 0xA1, 0x8C, 0x20, 0x1A, 0xF0, 0xB1, 0x50, 0x00, 0x50, 0xB1, 0x50, 0xB1, 0x50, 0xD8, 0x00, 0x55, 0x00, 0xB1, 0x00, 0x45, 0xC9, 0x6A, 0xFF, 0x5A, 0xD8, 0x18, 0x88, 0x15, 0xB1, 0x01, 0x01, 0x77),
+        (0xEA, 0x13, 0x00, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x2C),
+        (0xB0, 0x22, 0x43, 0x11, 0x61, 0x25, 0x43, 0x43),
+        (0xb7, 0x00, 0x00, 0x73, 0x73),
+        (0xBF, 0xA6, 0xAA),
+        (0xA9, 0x00, 0x00, 0x73, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03),
+        (0xC8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x1F, 0x36, 0x00, 0x5D, 0x04, 0x9D, 0x05, 0x10, 0xF2, 0x06, 0x60, 0x03, 0x11, 0xAD, 0x00, 0xEF, 0x01, 0x22, 0x2E, 0x0E, 0x74, 0x08, 0x32, 0xDC, 0x09, 0x33, 0x0F, 0xF3, 0x77, 0x0D, 0xB0, 0xDC, 0x03, 0xFF),
+        (0xC9, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x1F, 0x36, 0x00, 0x5D, 0x04, 0x9D, 0x05, 0x10, 0xF2, 0x06, 0x60, 0x03, 0x11, 0xAD, 0x00, 0xEF, 0x01, 0x22, 0x2E, 0x0E, 0x74, 0x08, 0x32, 0xDC, 0x09, 0x33, 0x0F, 0xF3, 0x77, 0x0D, 0xB0, 0xDC, 0x03, 0xFF),
+    ],
+)

esphome/components/mipi_rgb/display.py

@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
         cg.add(var.set_enable_pins(enable))
 
     if CONF_SPI_ID in config:
-        await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+        await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
         sequence, madctl = model.get_sequence(config)
         cg.add(var.set_init_sequence(sequence))
         cg.add(var.set_madctl(madctl))

esphome/components/mipi_rgb/mipi_rgb.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 #ifdef USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3
 #include "mipi_rgb.h"
+#include "esphome/core/gpio.h"
+#include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
-#include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esp_lcd_panel_rgb.h"
+#include <span>
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace mipi_rgb {
@@ -343,19 +345,27 @@ int MipiRgb::get_height() {
   }
 }
 
-static std::string get_pin_name(GPIOPin *pin) {
+static const char *get_pin_name(GPIOPin *pin, std::span<char, GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN> buffer) {
   if (pin == nullptr)
     return "None";
-  return pin->dump_summary();
+  pin->dump_summary(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+  return buffer.data();
 }
 
 void MipiRgb::dump_pins_(uint8_t start, uint8_t end, const char *name, uint8_t offset) {
+  char pin_summary[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
   for (uint8_t i = start; i != end; i++) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  %s pin %d: %s", name, offset++, this->data_pins_[i]->dump_summary().c_str());
+    this->data_pins_[i]->dump_summary(pin_summary, sizeof(pin_summary));
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  %s pin %d: %s", name, offset++, pin_summary);
   }
 }
 
 void MipiRgb::dump_config() {
+  char reset_buf[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  char de_buf[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  char pclk_buf[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  char hsync_buf[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  char vsync_buf[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
                 "MIPI_RGB LCD"
                 "\n  Model: %s"
@@ -379,9 +389,9 @@ void MipiRgb::dump_config() {
                 this->model_, this->width_, this->height_, this->rotation_, YESNO(this->pclk_inverted_),
                 this->hsync_pulse_width_, this->hsync_back_porch_, this->hsync_front_porch_, this->vsync_pulse_width_,
                 this->vsync_back_porch_, this->vsync_front_porch_, YESNO(this->invert_colors_),
-                (unsigned) (this->pclk_frequency_ / 1000000), get_pin_name(this->reset_pin_).c_str(),
-                get_pin_name(this->de_pin_).c_str(), get_pin_name(this->pclk_pin_).c_str(),
-                get_pin_name(this->hsync_pin_).c_str(), get_pin_name(this->vsync_pin_).c_str());
+                (unsigned) (this->pclk_frequency_ / 1000000), get_pin_name(this->reset_pin_, reset_buf),
+                get_pin_name(this->de_pin_, de_buf), get_pin_name(this->pclk_pin_, pclk_buf),
+                get_pin_name(this->hsync_pin_, hsync_buf), get_pin_name(this->vsync_pin_, vsync_buf));
 
   this->dump_pins_(8, 13, "Blue", 0);
   this->dump_pins_(13, 16, "Green", 0);

esphome/components/mipi_spi/display.py

@@ -443,6 +443,4 @@ async def to_code(config):
         )
         cg.add(var.set_writer(lambda_))
     await display.register_display(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
-    # Displays are write-only, set the SPI device to write-only as well
-    cg.add(var.set_write_only(True))
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)

esphome/components/mqtt/custom_mqtt_device.cpp

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ bool CustomMQTTDevice::publish(const std::string &topic, float value, int8_t num
 }
 bool CustomMQTTDevice::publish(const std::string &topic, int value) {
   char buffer[24];
-  int len = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%d", value);
+  size_t len = buf_append_printf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0, "%d", value);
   return global_mqtt_client->publish(topic, buffer, len);
 }
 bool CustomMQTTDevice::publish_json(const std::string &topic, const json::json_build_t &f, uint8_t qos, bool retain) {

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_alarm_control_panel.cpp

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ void MQTTAlarmControlPanelComponent::setup() {
 
 void MQTTAlarmControlPanelComponent::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "MQTT alarm_control_panel '%s':", this->alarm_control_panel_->get_name().c_str());
-  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, true)
+  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, true);
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
                 "  Supported Features: %" PRIu32 "\n"
                 "  Requires Code to Disarm: %s\n"

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_binary_sensor.cpp

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ void MQTTBinarySensorComponent::setup() {
 
 void MQTTBinarySensorComponent::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "MQTT Binary Sensor '%s':", this->binary_sensor_->get_name().c_str());
-  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, false)
+  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, false);
 }
 MQTTBinarySensorComponent::MQTTBinarySensorComponent(binary_sensor::BinarySensor *binary_sensor)
     : binary_sensor_(binary_sensor) {

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_client.cpp

@@ -98,7 +98,17 @@ void MQTTClientComponent::send_device_info_() {
         uint8_t index = 0;
         for (auto &ip : network::get_ip_addresses()) {
           if (ip.is_set()) {
-            root["ip" + (index == 0 ? "" : esphome::to_string(index))] = ip.str();
+            char key[8];  // "ip" + up to 3 digits + null
+            char ip_buf[network::IP_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE];
+            if (index == 0) {
+              key[0] = 'i';
+              key[1] = 'p';
+              key[2] = '\0';
+            } else {
+              buf_append_printf(key, sizeof(key), 0, "ip%u", index);
+            }
+            ip.str_to(ip_buf);
+            root[key] = ip_buf;
             index++;
           }
         }

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_component.cpp

@@ -27,20 +27,23 @@ inline char *append_char(char *p, char c) {
 // Max lengths for stack-based topic building.
 // These limits are enforced at Python config validation time in mqtt/__init__.py
 // using cv.Length() validators for topic_prefix and discovery_prefix.
-// MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE_MAX_LEN and MQTT_SUFFIX_MAX_LEN are defined in mqtt_component.h.
+// MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE_MAX_LEN, MQTT_SUFFIX_MAX_LEN, and MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN are in mqtt_component.h.
 // ESPHOME_DEVICE_NAME_MAX_LEN and OBJECT_ID_MAX_LEN are defined in entity_base.h.
 // This ensures the stack buffers below are always large enough.
-static constexpr size_t TOPIC_PREFIX_MAX_LEN = 64;      // Validated in Python: cv.Length(max=64)
 static constexpr size_t DISCOVERY_PREFIX_MAX_LEN = 64;  // Validated in Python: cv.Length(max=64)
-
-// Stack buffer sizes - safe because all inputs are length-validated at config time
-// Format: prefix + "/" + type + "/" + object_id + "/" + suffix + null
-static constexpr size_t DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN =
-    TOPIC_PREFIX_MAX_LEN + 1 + MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE_MAX_LEN + 1 + OBJECT_ID_MAX_LEN + 1 + MQTT_SUFFIX_MAX_LEN + 1;
 // Format: prefix + "/" + type + "/" + name + "/" + object_id + "/config" + null
 static constexpr size_t DISCOVERY_TOPIC_MAX_LEN = DISCOVERY_PREFIX_MAX_LEN + 1 + MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE_MAX_LEN + 1 +
                                                   ESPHOME_DEVICE_NAME_MAX_LEN + 1 + OBJECT_ID_MAX_LEN + 7 + 1;
 
+// Function implementation of LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT macro to reduce code size
+void log_mqtt_component(const char *tag, MQTTComponent *obj, bool state_topic, bool command_topic) {
+  char buf[MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN];
+  if (state_topic)
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  State Topic: '%s'", obj->get_state_topic_to_(buf).c_str());
+  if (command_topic)
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  Command Topic: '%s'", obj->get_command_topic_to_(buf).c_str());
+}
+
 void MQTTComponent::set_qos(uint8_t qos) { this->qos_ = qos; }
 
 void MQTTComponent::set_subscribe_qos(uint8_t qos) { this->subscribe_qos_ = qos; }
@@ -69,19 +72,18 @@ std::string MQTTComponent::get_discovery_topic_(const MQTTDiscoveryInfo &discove
   return std::string(buf, p - buf);
 }
 
-std::string MQTTComponent::get_default_topic_for_(const std::string &suffix) const {
+StringRef MQTTComponent::get_default_topic_for_to_(std::span<char, MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN> buf, const char *suffix,
+                                                   size_t suffix_len) const {
   const std::string &topic_prefix = global_mqtt_client->get_topic_prefix();
   if (topic_prefix.empty()) {
-    // If the topic_prefix is null, the default topic should be null
-    return "";
+    return StringRef();  // Empty topic_prefix means no default topic
   }
 
   const char *comp_type = this->component_type();
   char object_id_buf[OBJECT_ID_MAX_LEN];
   StringRef object_id = this->get_default_object_id_to_(object_id_buf);
 
-  char buf[DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN];
-  char *p = buf;
+  char *p = buf.data();
 
   p = append_str(p, topic_prefix.data(), topic_prefix.size());
   p = append_char(p, '/');
@@ -89,21 +91,44 @@ std::string MQTTComponent::get_default_topic_for_(const std::string &suffix) con
   p = append_char(p, '/');
   p = append_str(p, object_id.c_str(), object_id.size());
   p = append_char(p, '/');
-  p = append_str(p, suffix.data(), suffix.size());
+  p = append_str(p, suffix, suffix_len);
+  *p = '\0';
 
-  return std::string(buf, p - buf);
+  return StringRef(buf.data(), p - buf.data());
+}
+
+std::string MQTTComponent::get_default_topic_for_(const std::string &suffix) const {
+  char buf[MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN];
+  StringRef ref = this->get_default_topic_for_to_(buf, suffix.data(), suffix.size());
+  return std::string(ref.c_str(), ref.size());
+}
+
+StringRef MQTTComponent::get_state_topic_to_(std::span<char, MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN> buf) const {
+  if (this->custom_state_topic_.has_value()) {
+    // Returns ref to existing data for static/value, uses buf only for lambda case
+    return this->custom_state_topic_.ref_or_copy_to(buf.data(), buf.size());
+  }
+  return this->get_default_topic_for_to_(buf, "state", 5);
+}
+
+StringRef MQTTComponent::get_command_topic_to_(std::span<char, MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN> buf) const {
+  if (this->custom_command_topic_.has_value()) {
+    // Returns ref to existing data for static/value, uses buf only for lambda case
+    return this->custom_command_topic_.ref_or_copy_to(buf.data(), buf.size());
+  }
+  return this->get_default_topic_for_to_(buf, "command", 7);
 }
 
 std::string MQTTComponent::get_state_topic_() const {
-  if (this->custom_state_topic_.has_value())
-    return this->custom_state_topic_.value();
-  return this->get_default_topic_for_("state");
+  char buf[MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN];
+  StringRef ref = this->get_state_topic_to_(buf);
+  return std::string(ref.c_str(), ref.size());
 }
 
 std::string MQTTComponent::get_command_topic_() const {
-  if (this->custom_command_topic_.has_value())
-    return this->custom_command_topic_.value();
-  return this->get_default_topic_for_("command");
+  char buf[MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN];
+  StringRef ref = this->get_command_topic_to_(buf);
+  return std::string(ref.c_str(), ref.size());
 }
 
 bool MQTTComponent::publish(const std::string &topic, const std::string &payload) {
@@ -168,10 +193,14 @@ bool MQTTComponent::send_discovery_() {
             break;
         }
 
-        if (config.state_topic)
-          root[MQTT_STATE_TOPIC] = this->get_state_topic_();
-        if (config.command_topic)
-          root[MQTT_COMMAND_TOPIC] = this->get_command_topic_();
+        if (config.state_topic) {
+          char state_topic_buf[MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN];
+          root[MQTT_STATE_TOPIC] = this->get_state_topic_to_(state_topic_buf);
+        }
+        if (config.command_topic) {
+          char command_topic_buf[MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN];
+          root[MQTT_COMMAND_TOPIC] = this->get_command_topic_to_(command_topic_buf);
+        }
         if (this->command_retain_)
           root[MQTT_COMMAND_RETAIN] = true;
 
@@ -190,27 +219,37 @@ bool MQTTComponent::send_discovery_() {
         StringRef object_id = this->get_default_object_id_to_(object_id_buf);
         if (discovery_info.unique_id_generator == MQTT_MAC_ADDRESS_UNIQUE_ID_GENERATOR) {
           char friendly_name_hash[9];
-          snprintf(friendly_name_hash, sizeof(friendly_name_hash), "%08" PRIx32, fnv1_hash(this->friendly_name_()));
+          buf_append_printf(friendly_name_hash, sizeof(friendly_name_hash), 0, "%08" PRIx32,
+                            fnv1_hash(this->friendly_name_()));
           // Format: mac-component_type-hash (e.g. "aabbccddeeff-sensor-12345678")
           // MAC (12) + "-" (1) + domain (max 20) + "-" (1) + hash (8) + null (1) = 43
           char unique_id[MAC_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE + ESPHOME_DOMAIN_MAX_LEN + 11];
           char mac_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE];
           get_mac_address_into_buffer(mac_buf);
-          snprintf(unique_id, sizeof(unique_id), "%s-%s-%s", mac_buf, this->component_type(), friendly_name_hash);
+          buf_append_printf(unique_id, sizeof(unique_id), 0, "%s-%s-%s", mac_buf, this->component_type(),
+                            friendly_name_hash);
           root[MQTT_UNIQUE_ID] = unique_id;
         } else {
           // default to almost-unique ID. It's a hack but the only way to get that
           // gorgeous device registry view.
-          root[MQTT_UNIQUE_ID] = "ESP" + std::string(this->component_type()) + object_id.c_str();
+          // "ESP" (3) + component_type (max 20) + object_id (max 128) + null
+          char unique_id_buf[3 + MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE_MAX_LEN + OBJECT_ID_MAX_LEN + 1];
+          buf_append_printf(unique_id_buf, sizeof(unique_id_buf), 0, "ESP%s%s", this->component_type(),
+                            object_id.c_str());
+          root[MQTT_UNIQUE_ID] = unique_id_buf;
         }
 
         const std::string &node_name = App.get_name();
-        if (discovery_info.object_id_generator == MQTT_DEVICE_NAME_OBJECT_ID_GENERATOR)
-          root[MQTT_OBJECT_ID] = node_name + "_" + object_id.c_str();
+        if (discovery_info.object_id_generator == MQTT_DEVICE_NAME_OBJECT_ID_GENERATOR) {
+          // node_name (max 31) + "_" (1) + object_id (max 128) + null
+          char object_id_full[ESPHOME_DEVICE_NAME_MAX_LEN + 1 + OBJECT_ID_MAX_LEN + 1];
+          buf_append_printf(object_id_full, sizeof(object_id_full), 0, "%s_%s", node_name.c_str(), object_id.c_str());
+          root[MQTT_OBJECT_ID] = object_id_full;
+        }
 
         const std::string &friendly_name_ref = App.get_friendly_name();
         const std::string &node_friendly_name = friendly_name_ref.empty() ? node_name : friendly_name_ref;
-        std::string node_area = App.get_area();
+        const char *node_area = App.get_area();
 
         JsonObject device_info = root[MQTT_DEVICE].to<JsonObject>();
         char mac[MAC_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE];
@@ -221,18 +260,29 @@ bool MQTTComponent::send_discovery_() {
         device_info[MQTT_DEVICE_SW_VERSION] = ESPHOME_PROJECT_VERSION " (ESPHome " ESPHOME_VERSION ")";
         const char *model = std::strchr(ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME, '.');
         device_info[MQTT_DEVICE_MODEL] = model == nullptr ? ESPHOME_BOARD : model + 1;
-        device_info[MQTT_DEVICE_MANUFACTURER] =
-            model == nullptr ? ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME : std::string(ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME, model - ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME);
+        if (model == nullptr) {
+          device_info[MQTT_DEVICE_MANUFACTURER] = ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME;
+        } else {
+          // Extract manufacturer (part before '.') using stack buffer to avoid heap allocation
+          // memcpy is used instead of strncpy since we know the exact length and strncpy
+          // would still require manual null-termination
+          char manufacturer[sizeof(ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME)];
+          size_t len = model - ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME;
+          memcpy(manufacturer, ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME, len);
+          manufacturer[len] = '\0';
+          device_info[MQTT_DEVICE_MANUFACTURER] = manufacturer;
+        }
 #else
         static const char ver_fmt[] PROGMEM = ESPHOME_VERSION " (config hash 0x%08" PRIx32 ")";
+        // Buffer sized for format string expansion: ~4 bytes net growth from format specifier to 8 hex digits, plus
+        // safety margin
+        char version_buf[sizeof(ver_fmt) + 8];
 #ifdef USE_ESP8266
-        char fmt_buf[sizeof(ver_fmt)];
-        strcpy_P(fmt_buf, ver_fmt);
-        const char *fmt = fmt_buf;
+        snprintf_P(version_buf, sizeof(version_buf), ver_fmt, App.get_config_hash());
 #else
-        const char *fmt = ver_fmt;
+        snprintf(version_buf, sizeof(version_buf), ver_fmt, App.get_config_hash());
 #endif
-        device_info[MQTT_DEVICE_SW_VERSION] = str_sprintf(fmt, App.get_config_hash());
+        device_info[MQTT_DEVICE_SW_VERSION] = version_buf;
         device_info[MQTT_DEVICE_MODEL] = ESPHOME_BOARD;
 #if defined(USE_ESP8266) || defined(USE_ESP32)
         device_info[MQTT_DEVICE_MANUFACTURER] = "Espressif";
@@ -246,7 +296,7 @@ bool MQTTComponent::send_discovery_() {
         device_info[MQTT_DEVICE_MANUFACTURER] = "Host";
 #endif
 #endif
-        if (!node_area.empty()) {
+        if (node_area[0] != '\0') {
           device_info[MQTT_DEVICE_SUGGESTED_AREA] = node_area;
         }
 
@@ -288,7 +338,9 @@ void MQTTComponent::set_availability(std::string topic, std::string payload_avai
 }
 void MQTTComponent::disable_availability() { this->set_availability("", "", ""); }
 void MQTTComponent::call_setup() {
-  if (this->is_internal())
+  // Cache is_internal result once during setup - topics don't change after this
+  this->is_internal_ = this->compute_is_internal_();
+  if (this->is_internal_)
     return;
 
   this->setup();
@@ -340,26 +392,28 @@ StringRef MQTTComponent::get_default_object_id_to_(std::span<char, OBJECT_ID_MAX
 }
 StringRef MQTTComponent::get_icon_ref_() const { return this->get_entity()->get_icon_ref(); }
 bool MQTTComponent::is_disabled_by_default_() const { return this->get_entity()->is_disabled_by_default(); }
-bool MQTTComponent::is_internal() {
+bool MQTTComponent::compute_is_internal_() {
   if (this->custom_state_topic_.has_value()) {
-    // If the custom state_topic is null, return true as it is internal and should not publish
+    // If the custom state_topic is empty, return true as it is internal and should not publish
     // else, return false, as it is explicitly set to a topic, so it is not internal and should publish
-    return this->get_state_topic_().empty();
+    // Using is_empty() avoids heap allocation for non-lambda cases
+    return this->custom_state_topic_.is_empty();
   }
 
   if (this->custom_command_topic_.has_value()) {
-    // If the custom command_topic is null, return true as it is internal and should not publish
+    // If the custom command_topic is empty, return true as it is internal and should not publish
     // else, return false, as it is explicitly set to a topic, so it is not internal and should publish
-    return this->get_command_topic_().empty();
+    // Using is_empty() avoids heap allocation for non-lambda cases
+    return this->custom_command_topic_.is_empty();
   }
 
-  // No custom topics have been set
-  if (this->get_default_topic_for_("").empty()) {
-    // If the default topic prefix is null, then the component, by default, is internal and should not publish
+  // No custom topics have been set - check topic_prefix directly to avoid allocation
+  if (global_mqtt_client->get_topic_prefix().empty()) {
+    // If the default topic prefix is empty, then the component, by default, is internal and should not publish
     return true;
   }
 
-  // Use ESPHome's component internal state if topic_prefix is not null with no custom state_topic or command_topic
+  // Use ESPHome's component internal state if topic_prefix is not empty with no custom state_topic or command_topic
   return this->get_entity()->is_internal();
 }
 

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_component.h

@@ -20,17 +20,22 @@ struct SendDiscoveryConfig {
   bool command_topic{true};  ///< If the command topic should be included. Default to true.
 };
 
-// Max lengths for stack-based topic building (must match mqtt_component.cpp)
+// Max lengths for stack-based topic building.
+// These limits are enforced at Python config validation time in mqtt/__init__.py
+// using cv.Length() validators for topic_prefix and discovery_prefix.
+// This ensures the stack buffers are always large enough.
 static constexpr size_t MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE_MAX_LEN = 20;
 static constexpr size_t MQTT_SUFFIX_MAX_LEN = 32;
+static constexpr size_t MQTT_TOPIC_PREFIX_MAX_LEN = 64;  // Validated in Python: cv.Length(max=64)
+// Stack buffer size - safe because all inputs are length-validated at config time
+// Format: prefix + "/" + type + "/" + object_id + "/" + suffix + null
+static constexpr size_t MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN =
+    MQTT_TOPIC_PREFIX_MAX_LEN + 1 + MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE_MAX_LEN + 1 + OBJECT_ID_MAX_LEN + 1 + MQTT_SUFFIX_MAX_LEN + 1;
 
-#define LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(state_topic, command_topic) \
-  if (state_topic) { \
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  State Topic: '%s'", this->get_state_topic_().c_str()); \
-  } \
-  if (command_topic) { \
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Command Topic: '%s'", this->get_command_topic_().c_str()); \
-  }
+class MQTTComponent;  // Forward declaration
+void log_mqtt_component(const char *tag, MQTTComponent *obj, bool state_topic, bool command_topic);
+
+#define LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(state_topic, command_topic) log_mqtt_component(TAG, this, state_topic, command_topic)
 
 // Macro to define component_type() with compile-time length verification
 // Usage: MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE(MQTTSensorComponent, "sensor")
@@ -74,6 +79,8 @@ static constexpr size_t MQTT_SUFFIX_MAX_LEN = 32;
  * a clean separation.
  */
 class MQTTComponent : public Component {
+  friend void log_mqtt_component(const char *tag, MQTTComponent *obj, bool state_topic, bool command_topic);
+
  public:
   /// Constructs a MQTTComponent.
   explicit MQTTComponent();
@@ -88,7 +95,8 @@ class MQTTComponent : public Component {
 
   virtual bool send_initial_state() = 0;
 
-  virtual bool is_internal();
+  /// Returns cached is_internal result (computed once during setup).
+  bool is_internal() const { return this->is_internal_; }
 
   /// Set QOS for state messages.
   void set_qos(uint8_t qos);
@@ -179,7 +187,16 @@ class MQTTComponent : public Component {
   /// Helper method to get the discovery topic for this component.
   std::string get_discovery_topic_(const MQTTDiscoveryInfo &discovery_info) const;
 
-  /** Get this components state/command/... topic.
+  /** Get this components state/command/... topic into a buffer.
+   *
+   * @param buf The buffer to write to (must be exactly MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN).
+   * @param suffix The suffix/key such as "state" or "command".
+   * @return StringRef pointing to the buffer with the topic.
+   */
+  StringRef get_default_topic_for_to_(std::span<char, MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN> buf, const char *suffix,
+                                      size_t suffix_len) const;
+
+  /** Get this components state/command/... topic (allocates std::string).
    *
    * @param suffix The suffix/key such as "state" or "command".
    * @return The full topic.
@@ -200,10 +217,20 @@ class MQTTComponent : public Component {
   /// Get whether the underlying Entity is disabled by default
   bool is_disabled_by_default_() const;
 
-  /// Get the MQTT topic that new states will be shared to.
+  /// Get the MQTT state topic into a buffer (no heap allocation for non-lambda custom topics).
+  /// @param buf Buffer of exactly MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN bytes.
+  /// @return StringRef pointing to the topic in the buffer.
+  StringRef get_state_topic_to_(std::span<char, MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN> buf) const;
+
+  /// Get the MQTT command topic into a buffer (no heap allocation for non-lambda custom topics).
+  /// @param buf Buffer of exactly MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN bytes.
+  /// @return StringRef pointing to the topic in the buffer.
+  StringRef get_command_topic_to_(std::span<char, MQTT_DEFAULT_TOPIC_MAX_LEN> buf) const;
+
+  /// Get the MQTT topic that new states will be shared to (allocates std::string).
   std::string get_state_topic_() const;
 
-  /// Get the MQTT topic for listening to commands.
+  /// Get the MQTT topic for listening to commands (allocates std::string).
   std::string get_command_topic_() const;
 
   bool is_connected_() const;
@@ -221,12 +248,18 @@ class MQTTComponent : public Component {
 
   std::unique_ptr<Availability> availability_;
 
-  bool command_retain_{false};
-  bool retain_{true};
-  uint8_t qos_{0};
-  uint8_t subscribe_qos_{0};
-  bool discovery_enabled_{true};
-  bool resend_state_{false};
+  // Packed bitfields - QoS values are 0-2, bools are flags
+  uint8_t qos_ : 2 {0};
+  uint8_t subscribe_qos_ : 2 {0};
+  bool command_retain_ : 1 {false};
+  bool retain_ : 1 {true};
+  bool discovery_enabled_ : 1 {true};
+  bool resend_state_ : 1 {false};
+  bool is_internal_ : 1 {false};  ///< Cached result of compute_is_internal_(), set during setup
+
+  /// Compute is_internal status based on topics and entity state.
+  /// Called once during setup to cache the result.
+  bool compute_is_internal_();
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::mqtt

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_cover.cpp

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ void MQTTCoverComponent::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "MQTT cover '%s':", this->cover_->get_name().c_str());
   auto traits = this->cover_->get_traits();
   bool has_command_topic = traits.get_supports_position() || !traits.get_supports_tilt();
-  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, has_command_topic)
+  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, has_command_topic);
   if (traits.get_supports_position()) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
                   "  Position State Topic: '%s'\n"

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_date.cpp

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ void MQTTDateComponent::setup() {
 
 void MQTTDateComponent::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "MQTT Date '%s':", this->date_->get_name().c_str());
-  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, true)
+  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, true);
 }
 
 MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE(MQTTDateComponent, "date")

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_datetime.cpp

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ void MQTTDateTimeComponent::setup() {
 
 void MQTTDateTimeComponent::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "MQTT DateTime '%s':", this->datetime_->get_name().c_str());
-  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, true)
+  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, true);
 }
 
 MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE(MQTTDateTimeComponent, "datetime")

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_fan.cpp

@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ bool MQTTFanComponent::publish_state() {
   auto traits = this->state_->get_traits();
   if (traits.supports_speed()) {
     char buf[12];
-    int len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", this->state_->speed);
+    size_t len = buf_append_printf(buf, sizeof(buf), 0, "%d", this->state_->speed);
     bool success = this->publish(this->get_speed_level_state_topic(), buf, len);
     failed = failed || !success;
   }

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_light.cpp

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ void MQTTJSONLightComponent::send_discovery(JsonObject root, mqtt::SendDiscovery
 bool MQTTJSONLightComponent::send_initial_state() { return this->publish_state_(); }
 void MQTTJSONLightComponent::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "MQTT Light '%s':", this->state_->get_name().c_str());
-  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, true)
+  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, true);
 }
 
 }  // namespace esphome::mqtt

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_number.cpp

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ void MQTTNumberComponent::setup() {
 
 void MQTTNumberComponent::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "MQTT Number '%s':", this->number_->get_name().c_str());
-  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, false)
+  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, false);
 }
 
 MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE(MQTTNumberComponent, "number")
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ bool MQTTNumberComponent::send_initial_state() {
 }
 bool MQTTNumberComponent::publish_state(float value) {
   char buffer[64];
-  snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%f", value);
+  buf_append_printf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0, "%f", value);
   return this->publish(this->get_state_topic_(), buffer);
 }
 

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_select.cpp

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ void MQTTSelectComponent::setup() {
 
 void MQTTSelectComponent::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "MQTT Select '%s':", this->select_->get_name().c_str());
-  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, false)
+  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, false);
 }
 
 MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE(MQTTSelectComponent, "select")

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_sensor.cpp

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ void MQTTSensorComponent::dump_config() {
   if (this->get_expire_after() > 0) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Expire After: %" PRIu32 "s", this->get_expire_after() / 1000);
   }
-  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, false)
+  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, false);
 }
 
 MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE(MQTTSensorComponent, "sensor")

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_text.cpp

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ void MQTTTextComponent::setup() {
 
 void MQTTTextComponent::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "MQTT text '%s':", this->text_->get_name().c_str());
-  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, true)
+  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, true);
 }
 
 MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE(MQTTTextComponent, "text")

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_time.cpp

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ void MQTTTimeComponent::setup() {
 
 void MQTTTimeComponent::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "MQTT Time '%s':", this->time_->get_name().c_str());
-  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, true)
+  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, true);
 }
 
 MQTT_COMPONENT_TYPE(MQTTTimeComponent, "time")

esphome/components/mqtt/mqtt_valve.cpp

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ void MQTTValveComponent::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "MQTT valve '%s':", this->valve_->get_name().c_str());
   auto traits = this->valve_->get_traits();
   bool has_command_topic = traits.get_supports_position();
-  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, has_command_topic)
+  LOG_MQTT_COMPONENT(true, has_command_topic);
   if (traits.get_supports_position()) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
                   "  Position State Topic: '%s'\n"

esphome/components/nextion/base_component.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ CONF_EXIT_REPARSE_ON_START = "exit_reparse_on_start"
 CONF_FONT_ID = "font_id"
 CONF_FOREGROUND_PRESSED_COLOR = "foreground_pressed_color"
 CONF_MAX_COMMANDS_PER_LOOP = "max_commands_per_loop"
+CONF_MAX_QUEUE_AGE = "max_queue_age"
 CONF_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE = "max_queue_size"
 CONF_ON_BUFFER_OVERFLOW = "on_buffer_overflow"
 CONF_ON_PAGE = "on_page"
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ CONF_ON_WAKE = "on_wake"
 CONF_PRECISION = "precision"
 CONF_SKIP_CONNECTION_HANDSHAKE = "skip_connection_handshake"
 CONF_START_UP_PAGE = "start_up_page"
+CONF_STARTUP_OVERRIDE_MS = "startup_override_ms"
 CONF_TFT_URL = "tft_url"
 CONF_TOUCH_SLEEP_TIMEOUT = "touch_sleep_timeout"
 CONF_VARIABLE_NAME = "variable_name"

esphome/components/nextion/display.py

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ from .base_component import (
     CONF_DUMP_DEVICE_INFO,
     CONF_EXIT_REPARSE_ON_START,
     CONF_MAX_COMMANDS_PER_LOOP,
+    CONF_MAX_QUEUE_AGE,
     CONF_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE,
     CONF_ON_BUFFER_OVERFLOW,
     CONF_ON_PAGE,
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@ from .base_component import (
     CONF_ON_WAKE,
     CONF_SKIP_CONNECTION_HANDSHAKE,
     CONF_START_UP_PAGE,
+    CONF_STARTUP_OVERRIDE_MS,
     CONF_TFT_URL,
     CONF_TOUCH_SLEEP_TIMEOUT,
     CONF_WAKE_UP_PAGE,
@@ -65,6 +67,12 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
             ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_DUMP_DEVICE_INFO, default=False): cv.boolean,
             cv.Optional(CONF_EXIT_REPARSE_ON_START, default=False): cv.boolean,
+            cv.Optional(CONF_MAX_QUEUE_AGE, default="8000ms"): cv.All(
+                cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds,
+                cv.Range(
+                    min=TimePeriod(milliseconds=0), max=TimePeriod(milliseconds=65535)
+                ),
+            ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_MAX_COMMANDS_PER_LOOP): cv.uint16_t,
             cv.Optional(CONF_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE): cv.positive_int,
             cv.Optional(CONF_ON_BUFFER_OVERFLOW): automation.validate_automation(
@@ -100,6 +108,12 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
                 }
             ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_SKIP_CONNECTION_HANDSHAKE, default=False): cv.boolean,
+            cv.Optional(CONF_STARTUP_OVERRIDE_MS, default="8000ms"): cv.All(
+                cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds,
+                cv.Range(
+                    min=TimePeriod(milliseconds=0), max=TimePeriod(milliseconds=65535)
+                ),
+            ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_START_UP_PAGE): cv.uint8_t,
             cv.Optional(CONF_TFT_URL): cv.url,
             cv.Optional(CONF_TOUCH_SLEEP_TIMEOUT): cv.Any(
@@ -138,6 +152,8 @@ async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await uart.register_uart_device(var, config)
 
+    cg.add(var.set_max_queue_age(config[CONF_MAX_QUEUE_AGE]))
+
     if max_queue_size := config.get(CONF_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE):
         cg.add_define("USE_NEXTION_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE")
         cg.add(var.set_max_queue_size(max_queue_size))
@@ -146,6 +162,8 @@ async def to_code(config):
         cg.add_define("USE_NEXTION_COMMAND_SPACING")
         cg.add(var.set_command_spacing(command_spacing.total_milliseconds))
 
+    cg.add(var.set_startup_override_ms(config[CONF_STARTUP_OVERRIDE_MS]))
+
     if CONF_BRIGHTNESS in config:
         cg.add(var.set_brightness(config[CONF_BRIGHTNESS]))
 

esphome/components/nextion/nextion.cpp

@@ -152,21 +152,25 @@ void Nextion::dump_config() {
 #else  // USE_NEXTION_CONFIG_SKIP_CONNECTION_HANDSHAKE
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
 #ifdef USE_NEXTION_CONFIG_DUMP_DEVICE_INFO
-                "  Device Model:   %s\n"
-                "  FW Version:     %s\n"
-                "  Serial Number:  %s\n"
-                "  Flash Size:     %s\n"
+                "  Device Model: %s\n"
+                "  FW Version: %s\n"
+                "  Serial Number: %s\n"
+                "  Flash Size: %s\n"
+                "  Max queue age: %u ms\n"
+                "  Startup override: %u ms\n",
 #endif  // USE_NEXTION_CONFIG_DUMP_DEVICE_INFO
 #ifdef USE_NEXTION_CONFIG_EXIT_REPARSE_ON_START
-                "  Exit reparse:   YES\n"
+                "  Exit reparse: YES\n"
 #endif  // USE_NEXTION_CONFIG_EXIT_REPARSE_ON_START
-                "  Wake On Touch:  %s\n"
-                "  Touch Timeout:  %" PRIu16,
+                "  Wake On Touch: %s\n"
+                "  Touch Timeout: %" PRIu16,
 #ifdef USE_NEXTION_CONFIG_DUMP_DEVICE_INFO
                 this->device_model_.c_str(), this->firmware_version_.c_str(), this->serial_number_.c_str(),
-                this->flash_size_.c_str(),
+                this->flash_size_.c_str(), this->max_q_age_ms_,
+                this->startup_override_ms_
 #endif  // USE_NEXTION_CONFIG_DUMP_DEVICE_INFO
-                YESNO(this->connection_state_.auto_wake_on_touch_), this->touch_sleep_timeout_);
+                    YESNO(this->connection_state_.auto_wake_on_touch_),
+                this->touch_sleep_timeout_);
 #endif  // USE_NEXTION_CONFIG_SKIP_CONNECTION_HANDSHAKE
 
 #ifdef USE_NEXTION_MAX_COMMANDS_PER_LOOP
@@ -174,21 +178,21 @@ void Nextion::dump_config() {
 #endif  // USE_NEXTION_MAX_COMMANDS_PER_LOOP
 
   if (this->wake_up_page_ != 255) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Wake Up Page:   %u", this->wake_up_page_);
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Wake Up Page: %u", this->wake_up_page_);
   }
 
 #ifdef USE_NEXTION_CONF_START_UP_PAGE
   if (this->start_up_page_ != 255) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Start Up Page:  %u", this->start_up_page_);
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Start Up Page: %u", this->start_up_page_);
   }
 #endif  // USE_NEXTION_CONF_START_UP_PAGE
 
 #ifdef USE_NEXTION_COMMAND_SPACING
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Cmd spacing:      %u ms", this->command_pacer_.get_spacing());
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Cmd spacing: %u ms", this->command_pacer_.get_spacing());
 #endif  // USE_NEXTION_COMMAND_SPACING
 
 #ifdef USE_NEXTION_MAX_QUEUE_SIZE
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Max queue size:   %zu", this->max_queue_size_);
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Max queue size: %zu", this->max_queue_size_);
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -336,7 +340,8 @@ void Nextion::loop() {
     if (this->started_ms_ == 0)
       this->started_ms_ = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
 
-    if (this->started_ms_ + this->startup_override_ms_ < App.get_loop_component_start_time()) {
+    if (this->startup_override_ms_ > 0 &&
+        this->started_ms_ + this->startup_override_ms_ < App.get_loop_component_start_time()) {
       ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Manual ready set");
       this->connection_state_.nextion_reports_is_setup_ = true;
     }
@@ -845,7 +850,8 @@ void Nextion::process_nextion_commands_() {
 
   const uint32_t ms = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
 
-  if (!this->nextion_queue_.empty() && this->nextion_queue_.front()->queue_time + this->max_q_age_ms_ < ms) {
+  if (this->max_q_age_ms_ > 0 && !this->nextion_queue_.empty() &&
+      this->nextion_queue_.front()->queue_time + this->max_q_age_ms_ < ms) {
     for (size_t i = 0; i < this->nextion_queue_.size(); i++) {
       NextionComponentBase *component = this->nextion_queue_[i]->component;
       if (this->nextion_queue_[i]->queue_time + this->max_q_age_ms_ < ms) {

esphome/components/nextion/nextion.h

@@ -1309,6 +1309,30 @@ class Nextion : public NextionBase, public PollingComponent, public uart::UARTDe
    */
   bool is_connected() { return this->connection_state_.is_connected_; }
 
+  /**
+   * @brief Set the maximum age for queue items
+   * @param age_ms Maximum age in milliseconds before queue items are removed
+   */
+  inline void set_max_queue_age(uint16_t age_ms) { this->max_q_age_ms_ = age_ms; }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Get the maximum age for queue items
+   * @return Maximum age in milliseconds
+   */
+  inline uint16_t get_max_queue_age() const { return this->max_q_age_ms_; }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Set the startup override timeout
+   * @param timeout_ms Time in milliseconds to wait before forcing setup complete
+   */
+  inline void set_startup_override_ms(uint16_t timeout_ms) { this->startup_override_ms_ = timeout_ms; }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Get the startup override timeout
+   * @return Startup override timeout in milliseconds
+   */
+  inline uint16_t get_startup_override_ms() const { return this->startup_override_ms_; }
+
  protected:
 #ifdef USE_NEXTION_MAX_COMMANDS_PER_LOOP
   uint16_t max_commands_per_loop_{1000};
@@ -1479,9 +1503,10 @@ class Nextion : public NextionBase, public PollingComponent, public uart::UARTDe
   void reset_(bool reset_nextion = true);
 
   std::string command_data_;
-  const uint16_t startup_override_ms_ = 8000;
-  const uint16_t max_q_age_ms_ = 8000;
   uint32_t started_ms_ = 0;
+
+  uint16_t startup_override_ms_ = 8000;  ///< Timeout before forcing setup complete
+  uint16_t max_q_age_ms_ = 8000;         ///< Maximum age for queue items in ms
 };
 
 }  // namespace nextion

esphome/components/pcd8544/display.py

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
 
     await display.register_display(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     dc = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_DC_PIN])
     cg.add(var.set_dc_pin(dc))

esphome/components/qspi_dbi/display.py

@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
 async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await display.register_display(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     chip = DriverChip.chips[config[CONF_MODEL]]
     if chip.initsequence:

esphome/components/rpi_dpi_rgb/rpi_dpi_rgb.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #ifdef USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3
 #include "rpi_dpi_rgb.h"
+#include "esphome/core/gpio.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -134,8 +135,11 @@ void RpiDpiRgb::dump_config() {
   LOG_PIN("  Enable Pin: ", this->enable_pin_);
   LOG_PIN("  Reset Pin: ", this->reset_pin_);
   size_t data_pin_count = sizeof(this->data_pins_) / sizeof(this->data_pins_[0]);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i != data_pin_count; i++)
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Data pin %d: %s", i, (this->data_pins_[i])->dump_summary().c_str());
+  char pin_summary[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  for (size_t i = 0; i != data_pin_count; i++) {
+    this->data_pins_[i]->dump_summary(pin_summary, sizeof(pin_summary));
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Data pin %d: %s", i, pin_summary);
+  }
 }
 
 void RpiDpiRgb::reset_display_() const {

esphome/components/sensor/filter.cpp

@@ -445,22 +445,18 @@ optional<float> CalibratePolynomialFilter::new_value(float value) {
 ClampFilter::ClampFilter(float min, float max, bool ignore_out_of_range)
     : min_(min), max_(max), ignore_out_of_range_(ignore_out_of_range) {}
 optional<float> ClampFilter::new_value(float value) {
-  if (std::isfinite(value)) {
-    if (std::isfinite(this->min_) && value < this->min_) {
-      if (this->ignore_out_of_range_) {
-        return {};
-      } else {
-        return this->min_;
-      }
+  if (std::isfinite(this->min_) && !(value >= this->min_)) {
+    if (this->ignore_out_of_range_) {
+      return {};
     }
+    return this->min_;
+  }
 
-    if (std::isfinite(this->max_) && value > this->max_) {
-      if (this->ignore_out_of_range_) {
-        return {};
-      } else {
-        return this->max_;
-      }
+  if (std::isfinite(this->max_) && !(value <= this->max_)) {
+    if (this->ignore_out_of_range_) {
+      return {};
     }
+    return this->max_;
   }
   return value;
 }

esphome/components/socket/socket.cpp

@@ -46,15 +46,15 @@ static inline const char *esphome_inet_ntop6(const void *addr, char *buf, size_t
 #endif
 
 // Format sockaddr into caller-provided buffer, returns length written (excluding null)
-static size_t format_sockaddr_to(const struct sockaddr_storage &storage, std::span<char, SOCKADDR_STR_LEN> buf) {
-  if (storage.ss_family == AF_INET) {
-    const auto *addr = reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr_in *>(&storage);
+size_t format_sockaddr_to(const struct sockaddr *addr_ptr, socklen_t len, std::span<char, SOCKADDR_STR_LEN> buf) {
+  if (addr_ptr->sa_family == AF_INET && len >= sizeof(const struct sockaddr_in)) {
+    const auto *addr = reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr_in *>(addr_ptr);
     if (esphome_inet_ntop4(&addr->sin_addr, buf.data(), buf.size()) != nullptr)
       return strlen(buf.data());
   }
 #if USE_NETWORK_IPV6
-  else if (storage.ss_family == AF_INET6) {
-    const auto *addr = reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr_in6 *>(&storage);
+  else if (addr_ptr->sa_family == AF_INET6 && len >= sizeof(sockaddr_in6)) {
+    const auto *addr = reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr_in6 *>(addr_ptr);
 #ifndef USE_SOCKET_IMPL_LWIP_TCP
     // Format IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses as regular IPv4 (not supported on ESP8266 raw TCP)
     if (addr->sin6_addr.un.u32_addr[0] == 0 && addr->sin6_addr.un.u32_addr[1] == 0 &&
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ size_t Socket::getpeername_to(std::span<char, SOCKADDR_STR_LEN> buf) {
     buf[0] = '\0';
     return 0;
   }
-  return format_sockaddr_to(storage, buf);
+  return format_sockaddr_to(reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr *>(&storage), len, buf);
 }
 
 size_t Socket::getsockname_to(std::span<char, SOCKADDR_STR_LEN> buf) {
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ size_t Socket::getsockname_to(std::span<char, SOCKADDR_STR_LEN> buf) {
     buf[0] = '\0';
     return 0;
   }
-  return format_sockaddr_to(storage, buf);
+  return format_sockaddr_to(reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr *>(&storage), len, buf);
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<Socket> socket_ip(int type, int protocol) {

esphome/components/socket/socket.h

@@ -102,6 +102,9 @@ inline socklen_t set_sockaddr(struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen, const st
 /// Set a sockaddr to the any address and specified port for the IP version used by socket_ip().
 socklen_t set_sockaddr_any(struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen, uint16_t port);
 
+/// Format sockaddr into caller-provided buffer, returns length written (excluding null)
+size_t format_sockaddr_to(const struct sockaddr *addr_ptr, socklen_t len, std::span<char, SOCKADDR_STR_LEN> buf);
+
 #if defined(USE_ESP8266) && defined(USE_SOCKET_IMPL_LWIP_TCP)
 /// Delay that can be woken early by socket activity.
 /// On ESP8266, lwip callbacks set a flag and call esp_schedule() to wake the delay.

esphome/components/spi/__init__.py

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
 )
 from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority
 import esphome.final_validate as fv
+from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
 CODEOWNERS = ["@esphome/core", "@clydebarrow"]
 spi_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("spi")
@@ -448,9 +449,13 @@ def spi_device_schema(
     )
 
 
-async def register_spi_device(var, config):
+async def register_spi_device(
+    var: cg.Pvariable, config: ConfigType, write_only: bool = False
+) -> None:
     parent = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_SPI_ID])
     cg.add(var.set_spi_parent(parent))
+    if write_only:
+        cg.add(var.set_write_only(True))
     if cs_pin := config.get(CONF_CS_PIN):
         pin = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(cs_pin)
         cg.add(var.set_cs_pin(pin))

esphome/components/spi/spi_esp_idf.cpp

@@ -195,8 +195,11 @@ class SPIDelegateHw : public SPIDelegate {
     config.post_cb = nullptr;
     if (this->bit_order_ == BIT_ORDER_LSB_FIRST)
       config.flags |= SPI_DEVICE_BIT_LSBFIRST;
-    if (this->write_only_)
+    if (this->write_only_) {
       config.flags |= SPI_DEVICE_HALFDUPLEX | SPI_DEVICE_NO_DUMMY;
+      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "SPI device with CS pin %d using half-duplex mode (write-only)",
+               Utility::get_pin_no(this->cs_pin_));
+    }
     esp_err_t const err = spi_bus_add_device(this->channel_, &config, &this->handle_);
     if (err != ESP_OK) {
       ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Add device failed - err %X", err);

esphome/components/ssd1306_spi/display.py

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = spi.final_validate_device_schema(
 async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await ssd1306_base.setup_ssd1306(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     dc = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_DC_PIN])
     cg.add(var.set_dc_pin(dc))

esphome/components/ssd1322_spi/display.py

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = spi.final_validate_device_schema(
 async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await ssd1322_base.setup_ssd1322(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     dc = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_DC_PIN])
     cg.add(var.set_dc_pin(dc))

esphome/components/ssd1325_spi/display.py

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = spi.final_validate_device_schema(
 async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await ssd1325_base.setup_ssd1325(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     dc = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_DC_PIN])
     cg.add(var.set_dc_pin(dc))

esphome/components/ssd1327_spi/display.py

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = spi.final_validate_device_schema(
 async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await ssd1327_base.setup_ssd1327(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     dc = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_DC_PIN])
     cg.add(var.set_dc_pin(dc))

esphome/components/ssd1331_spi/display.py

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = spi.final_validate_device_schema(
 async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await ssd1331_base.setup_ssd1331(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     dc = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_DC_PIN])
     cg.add(var.set_dc_pin(dc))

esphome/components/ssd1351_spi/display.py

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = spi.final_validate_device_schema(
 async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await ssd1351_base.setup_ssd1351(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     dc = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_DC_PIN])
     cg.add(var.set_dc_pin(dc))

esphome/components/st7567_spi/display.py

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = spi.final_validate_device_schema(
 async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await st7567_base.setup_st7567(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     dc = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_DC_PIN])
     cg.add(var.set_dc_pin(dc))

esphome/components/st7701s/display.py

@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = spi.final_validate_device_schema(
 async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await display.register_display(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     sequence = []
     for seq in config[CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE]:

esphome/components/st7701s/st7701s.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #ifdef USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3
 #include "st7701s.h"
+#include "esphome/core/gpio.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -183,8 +184,11 @@ void ST7701S::dump_config() {
   LOG_PIN("  DE Pin: ", this->de_pin_);
   LOG_PIN("  Reset Pin: ", this->reset_pin_);
   size_t data_pin_count = sizeof(this->data_pins_) / sizeof(this->data_pins_[0]);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i != data_pin_count; i++)
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Data pin %d: %s", i, (this->data_pins_[i])->dump_summary().c_str());
+  char pin_summary[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  for (size_t i = 0; i != data_pin_count; i++) {
+    this->data_pins_[i]->dump_summary(pin_summary, sizeof(pin_summary));
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Data pin %d: %s", i, pin_summary);
+  }
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  SPI Data rate: %dMHz", (unsigned) (this->data_rate_ / 1000000));
 }
 

esphome/components/st7735/display.py

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
         config[CONF_INVERT_COLORS],
     )
     await setup_st7735(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     dc = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_DC_PIN])
     cg.add(var.set_dc_pin(dc))

esphome/components/st7789v/display.py

@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = spi.final_validate_device_schema(
 async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await display.register_display(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     cg.add(var.set_model_str(config[CONF_MODEL]))
 

esphome/components/st7920/display.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
 
 async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     if CONF_LAMBDA in config:
         lambda_ = await cg.process_lambda(

esphome/components/time/real_time_clock.cpp

@@ -40,6 +40,9 @@ void RealTimeClock::synchronize_epoch_(uint32_t epoch) {
     // Unsigned subtraction handles wraparound correctly, then cast to signed
     int32_t diff = static_cast<int32_t>(epoch - static_cast<uint32_t>(current_time));
     if (diff >= -1 && diff <= 1) {
+      // Time is already synchronized, but still call callbacks so components
+      // waiting for time sync (e.g., uptime timestamp sensor) can initialize
+      this->time_sync_callback_.call();
       return;
     }
   }

esphome/components/waveshare_epaper/display.py

@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     await display.register_display(var, config)
-    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)
+    await spi.register_spi_device(var, config, write_only=True)
 
     dc = await cg.gpio_pin_expression(config[CONF_DC_PIN])
     cg.add(var.set_dc_pin(dc))