Merge branch 'dev' into http_request_reduce_alloc

Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.clang-tidy.hash

@@ -1 +1 @@
-d272a88e8ca28ae9340a9a03295a566432a52cb696501908f57764475bf7ca65
+cf3d341206b4184ec8b7fe85141aef4fe4696aa720c3f8a06d4e57930574bdab

.claude/skills/pr-workflow/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+---
+name: pr-workflow
+description: Create pull requests for esphome. Use when creating PRs, submitting changes, or preparing contributions.
+allowed-tools: Read, Bash, Glob, Grep
+---
+
+# ESPHome PR Workflow
+
+When creating a pull request for esphome, follow these steps:
+
+## 1. Create Branch from Upstream
+
+Always base your branch on **upstream** (not origin/fork) to ensure you have the latest code:
+
+```bash
+git fetch upstream
+git checkout -b <branch-name> upstream/dev
+```
+
+## 2. Read the PR Template
+
+Before creating a PR, read `.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md` to understand required fields.
+
+## 3. Create the PR
+
+Use `gh pr create` with the **full template** filled in. Never skip or abbreviate sections.
+
+Required fields:
+- **What does this implement/fix?**: Brief description of changes
+- **Types of changes**: Check ONE appropriate box (Bugfix, New feature, Breaking change, etc.)
+- **Related issue**: Use `fixes <link>` syntax if applicable
+- **Pull request in esphome-docs**: Link if docs are needed
+- **Test Environment**: Check platforms you tested on
+- **Example config.yaml**: Include working example YAML
+- **Checklist**: Verify code is tested and tests added
+
+## 4. Example PR Body
+
+```markdown
+# What does this implement/fix?
+
+<describe your changes here>
+
+## Types of changes
+
+- [ ] Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
+- [x] New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
+- [ ] Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
+- [ ] Developer breaking change (an API change that could break external components)
+- [ ] Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests
+- [ ] Other
+
+**Related issue or feature (if applicable):**
+
+- fixes https://github.com/esphome/esphome/issues/XXX
+
+**Pull request in [esphome-docs](https://github.com/esphome/esphome-docs) with documentation (if applicable):**
+
+- esphome/esphome-docs#XXX
+
+## Test Environment
+
+- [x] ESP32
+- [x] ESP32 IDF
+- [ ] ESP8266
+- [ ] RP2040
+- [ ] BK72xx
+- [ ] RTL87xx
+- [ ] LN882x
+- [ ] nRF52840
+
+## Example entry for `config.yaml`:
+
+```yaml
+# Example config.yaml
+component_name:
+  id: my_component
+  option: value
+```
+
+## Checklist:
+  - [x] The code change is tested and works locally.
+  - [x] Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under `tests/` folder).
+
+If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:
+  - [ ] Documentation added/updated in [esphome-docs](https://github.com/esphome/esphome-docs).
+```
+
+## 5. Push and Create PR
+
+```bash
+git push -u origin <branch-name>
+gh pr create --repo esphome/esphome --base dev --title "[component] Brief description"
+```
+
+Title should be prefixed with the component name in brackets, e.g. `[safe_mode] Add feature`.

.github/actions/restore-python/action.yml

@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ runs:
   steps:
     - name: Set up Python ${{ inputs.python-version }}
       id: python
-      uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+      uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
       with:
         python-version: ${{ inputs.python-version }}
     - name: Restore Python virtual environment
       id: cache-venv
-      uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+      uses: actions/cache/restore@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
       with:
         path: venv
         # yamllint disable-line rule:line-length

.github/scripts/auto-label-pr/constants.js

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// Constants and markers for PR auto-labeling
+module.exports = {
+  BOT_COMMENT_MARKER: '<!-- auto-label-pr-bot -->',
+  CODEOWNERS_MARKER: '<!-- codeowners-request -->',
+  TOO_BIG_MARKER: '<!-- too-big-request -->',
+
+  MANAGED_LABELS: [
+    'new-component',
+    'new-platform',
+    'new-target-platform',
+    'merging-to-release',
+    'merging-to-beta',
+    'chained-pr',
+    'core',
+    'small-pr',
+    'dashboard',
+    'github-actions',
+    'by-code-owner',
+    'has-tests',
+    'needs-tests',
+    'needs-docs',
+    'needs-codeowners',
+    'too-big',
+    'labeller-recheck',
+    'bugfix',
+    'new-feature',
+    'breaking-change',
+    'developer-breaking-change',
+    'code-quality',
+  ],
+
+  DOCS_PR_PATTERNS: [
+    /https:\/\/github\.com\/esphome\/esphome-docs\/pull\/\d+/,
+    /esphome\/esphome-docs#\d+/
+  ]
+};

.github/scripts/auto-label-pr/detectors.js

@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+const fs = require('fs');
+const { DOCS_PR_PATTERNS } = require('./constants');
+
+// Strategy: Merge branch detection
+async function detectMergeBranch(context) {
+  const labels = new Set();
+  const baseRef = context.payload.pull_request.base.ref;
+
+  if (baseRef === 'release') {
+    labels.add('merging-to-release');
+  } else if (baseRef === 'beta') {
+    labels.add('merging-to-beta');
+  } else if (baseRef !== 'dev') {
+    labels.add('chained-pr');
+  }
+
+  return labels;
+}
+
+// Strategy: Component and platform labeling
+async function detectComponentPlatforms(changedFiles, apiData) {
+  const labels = new Set();
+  const componentRegex = /^esphome\/components\/([^\/]+)\//;
+  const targetPlatformRegex = new RegExp(`^esphome\/components\/(${apiData.targetPlatforms.join('|')})/`);
+
+  for (const file of changedFiles) {
+    const componentMatch = file.match(componentRegex);
+    if (componentMatch) {
+      labels.add(`component: ${componentMatch[1]}`);
+    }
+
+    const platformMatch = file.match(targetPlatformRegex);
+    if (platformMatch) {
+      labels.add(`platform: ${platformMatch[1]}`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return labels;
+}
+
+// Strategy: New component detection
+async function detectNewComponents(prFiles) {
+  const labels = new Set();
+  const addedFiles = prFiles.filter(file => file.status === 'added').map(file => file.filename);
+
+  for (const file of addedFiles) {
+    const componentMatch = file.match(/^esphome\/components\/([^\/]+)\/__init__\.py$/);
+    if (componentMatch) {
+      try {
+        const content = fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf8');
+        if (content.includes('IS_TARGET_PLATFORM = True')) {
+          labels.add('new-target-platform');
+        }
+      } catch (error) {
+        console.log(`Failed to read content of ${file}:`, error.message);
+      }
+      labels.add('new-component');
+    }
+  }
+
+  return labels;
+}
+
+// Strategy: New platform detection
+async function detectNewPlatforms(prFiles, apiData) {
+  const labels = new Set();
+  const addedFiles = prFiles.filter(file => file.status === 'added').map(file => file.filename);
+
+  for (const file of addedFiles) {
+    const platformFileMatch = file.match(/^esphome\/components\/([^\/]+)\/([^\/]+)\.py$/);
+    if (platformFileMatch) {
+      const [, component, platform] = platformFileMatch;
+      if (apiData.platformComponents.includes(platform)) {
+        labels.add('new-platform');
+      }
+    }
+
+    const platformDirMatch = file.match(/^esphome\/components\/([^\/]+)\/([^\/]+)\/__init__\.py$/);
+    if (platformDirMatch) {
+      const [, component, platform] = platformDirMatch;
+      if (apiData.platformComponents.includes(platform)) {
+        labels.add('new-platform');
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return labels;
+}
+
+// Strategy: Core files detection
+async function detectCoreChanges(changedFiles) {
+  const labels = new Set();
+  const coreFiles = changedFiles.filter(file =>
+    file.startsWith('esphome/core/') ||
+    (file.startsWith('esphome/') && file.split('/').length === 2)
+  );
+
+  if (coreFiles.length > 0) {
+    labels.add('core');
+  }
+
+  return labels;
+}
+
+// Strategy: PR size detection
+async function detectPRSize(prFiles, totalAdditions, totalDeletions, totalChanges, isMegaPR, SMALL_PR_THRESHOLD, TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD) {
+  const labels = new Set();
+
+  if (totalChanges <= SMALL_PR_THRESHOLD) {
+    labels.add('small-pr');
+    return labels;
+  }
+
+  const testAdditions = prFiles
+    .filter(file => file.filename.startsWith('tests/'))
+    .reduce((sum, file) => sum + (file.additions || 0), 0);
+  const testDeletions = prFiles
+    .filter(file => file.filename.startsWith('tests/'))
+    .reduce((sum, file) => sum + (file.deletions || 0), 0);
+
+  const nonTestChanges = (totalAdditions - testAdditions) - (totalDeletions - testDeletions);
+
+  // Don't add too-big if mega-pr label is already present
+  if (nonTestChanges > TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD && !isMegaPR) {
+    labels.add('too-big');
+  }
+
+  return labels;
+}
+
+// Strategy: Dashboard changes
+async function detectDashboardChanges(changedFiles) {
+  const labels = new Set();
+  const dashboardFiles = changedFiles.filter(file =>
+    file.startsWith('esphome/dashboard/') ||
+    file.startsWith('esphome/components/dashboard_import/')
+  );
+
+  if (dashboardFiles.length > 0) {
+    labels.add('dashboard');
+  }
+
+  return labels;
+}
+
+// Strategy: GitHub Actions changes
+async function detectGitHubActionsChanges(changedFiles) {
+  const labels = new Set();
+  const githubActionsFiles = changedFiles.filter(file =>
+    file.startsWith('.github/workflows/')
+  );
+
+  if (githubActionsFiles.length > 0) {
+    labels.add('github-actions');
+  }
+
+  return labels;
+}
+
+// Strategy: Code owner detection
+async function detectCodeOwner(github, context, changedFiles) {
+  const labels = new Set();
+  const { owner, repo } = context.repo;
+
+  try {
+    const { data: codeownersFile } = await github.rest.repos.getContent({
+      owner,
+      repo,
+      path: 'CODEOWNERS',
+    });
+
+    const codeownersContent = Buffer.from(codeownersFile.content, 'base64').toString('utf8');
+    const prAuthor = context.payload.pull_request.user.login;
+
+    const codeownersLines = codeownersContent.split('\n')
+      .map(line => line.trim())
+      .filter(line => line && !line.startsWith('#'));
+
+    const codeownersRegexes = codeownersLines.map(line => {
+      const parts = line.split(/\s+/);
+      const pattern = parts[0];
+      const owners = parts.slice(1);
+
+      let regex;
+      if (pattern.endsWith('*')) {
+        const dir = pattern.slice(0, -1);
+        regex = new RegExp(`^${dir.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, '\\$&')}`);
+      } else if (pattern.includes('*')) {
+        // First escape all regex special chars except *, then replace * with .*
+        const regexPattern = pattern
+          .replace(/[.+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, '\\$&')
+          .replace(/\*/g, '.*');
+        regex = new RegExp(`^${regexPattern}$`);
+      } else {
+        regex = new RegExp(`^${pattern.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, '\\$&')}$`);
+      }
+
+      return { regex, owners };
+    });
+
+    for (const file of changedFiles) {
+      for (const { regex, owners } of codeownersRegexes) {
+        if (regex.test(file) && owners.some(owner => owner === `@${prAuthor}`)) {
+          labels.add('by-code-owner');
+          return labels;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.log('Failed to read or parse CODEOWNERS file:', error.message);
+  }
+
+  return labels;
+}
+
+// Strategy: Test detection
+async function detectTests(changedFiles) {
+  const labels = new Set();
+  const testFiles = changedFiles.filter(file => file.startsWith('tests/'));
+
+  if (testFiles.length > 0) {
+    labels.add('has-tests');
+  }
+
+  return labels;
+}
+
+// Strategy: PR Template Checkbox detection
+async function detectPRTemplateCheckboxes(context) {
+  const labels = new Set();
+  const prBody = context.payload.pull_request.body || '';
+
+  console.log('Checking PR template checkboxes...');
+
+  // Check for checked checkboxes in the "Types of changes" section
+  const checkboxPatterns = [
+    { pattern: /- \[x\] Bugfix \(non-breaking change which fixes an issue\)/i, label: 'bugfix' },
+    { pattern: /- \[x\] New feature \(non-breaking change which adds functionality\)/i, label: 'new-feature' },
+    { pattern: /- \[x\] Breaking change \(fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected\)/i, label: 'breaking-change' },
+    { pattern: /- \[x\] Developer breaking change \(an API change that could break external components\)/i, label: 'developer-breaking-change' },
+    { pattern: /- \[x\] Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests/i, label: 'code-quality' }
+  ];
+
+  for (const { pattern, label } of checkboxPatterns) {
+    if (pattern.test(prBody)) {
+      console.log(`Found checked checkbox for: ${label}`);
+      labels.add(label);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return labels;
+}
+
+// Strategy: Requirements detection
+async function detectRequirements(allLabels, prFiles, context) {
+  const labels = new Set();
+
+  // Check for missing tests
+  if ((allLabels.has('new-component') || allLabels.has('new-platform') || allLabels.has('new-feature')) && !allLabels.has('has-tests')) {
+    labels.add('needs-tests');
+  }
+
+  // Check for missing docs
+  if (allLabels.has('new-component') || allLabels.has('new-platform') || allLabels.has('new-feature')) {
+    const prBody = context.payload.pull_request.body || '';
+    const hasDocsLink = DOCS_PR_PATTERNS.some(pattern => pattern.test(prBody));
+
+    if (!hasDocsLink) {
+      labels.add('needs-docs');
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Check for missing CODEOWNERS
+  if (allLabels.has('new-component')) {
+    const codeownersModified = prFiles.some(file =>
+      file.filename === 'CODEOWNERS' &&
+      (file.status === 'modified' || file.status === 'added') &&
+      (file.additions || 0) > 0
+    );
+
+    if (!codeownersModified) {
+      labels.add('needs-codeowners');
+    }
+  }
+
+  return labels;
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  detectMergeBranch,
+  detectComponentPlatforms,
+  detectNewComponents,
+  detectNewPlatforms,
+  detectCoreChanges,
+  detectPRSize,
+  detectDashboardChanges,
+  detectGitHubActionsChanges,
+  detectCodeOwner,
+  detectTests,
+  detectPRTemplateCheckboxes,
+  detectRequirements
+};

.github/scripts/auto-label-pr/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+const { MANAGED_LABELS } = require('./constants');
+const {
+  detectMergeBranch,
+  detectComponentPlatforms,
+  detectNewComponents,
+  detectNewPlatforms,
+  detectCoreChanges,
+  detectPRSize,
+  detectDashboardChanges,
+  detectGitHubActionsChanges,
+  detectCodeOwner,
+  detectTests,
+  detectPRTemplateCheckboxes,
+  detectRequirements
+} = require('./detectors');
+const { handleReviews } = require('./reviews');
+const { applyLabels, removeOldLabels } = require('./labels');
+
+// Fetch API data
+async function fetchApiData() {
+  try {
+    const response = await fetch('https://data.esphome.io/components.json');
+    const componentsData = await response.json();
+    return {
+      targetPlatforms: componentsData.target_platforms || [],
+      platformComponents: componentsData.platform_components || []
+    };
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.log('Failed to fetch components data from API:', error.message);
+    return { targetPlatforms: [], platformComponents: [] };
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = async ({ github, context }) => {
+  // Environment variables
+  const SMALL_PR_THRESHOLD = parseInt(process.env.SMALL_PR_THRESHOLD);
+  const MAX_LABELS = parseInt(process.env.MAX_LABELS);
+  const TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD = parseInt(process.env.TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD);
+  const COMPONENT_LABEL_THRESHOLD = parseInt(process.env.COMPONENT_LABEL_THRESHOLD);
+
+  // Global state
+  const { owner, repo } = context.repo;
+  const pr_number = context.issue.number;
+
+  // Get current labels and PR data
+  const { data: currentLabelsData } = await github.rest.issues.listLabelsOnIssue({
+    owner,
+    repo,
+    issue_number: pr_number
+  });
+  const currentLabels = currentLabelsData.map(label => label.name);
+  const managedLabels = currentLabels.filter(label =>
+    label.startsWith('component: ') || MANAGED_LABELS.includes(label)
+  );
+
+  // Check for mega-PR early - if present, skip most automatic labeling
+  const isMegaPR = currentLabels.includes('mega-pr');
+
+  // Get all PR files with automatic pagination
+  const prFiles = await github.paginate(
+    github.rest.pulls.listFiles,
+    {
+      owner,
+      repo,
+      pull_number: pr_number
+    }
+  );
+
+  // Calculate data from PR files
+  const changedFiles = prFiles.map(file => file.filename);
+  const totalAdditions = prFiles.reduce((sum, file) => sum + (file.additions || 0), 0);
+  const totalDeletions = prFiles.reduce((sum, file) => sum + (file.deletions || 0), 0);
+  const totalChanges = totalAdditions + totalDeletions;
+
+  console.log('Current labels:', currentLabels.join(', '));
+  console.log('Changed files:', changedFiles.length);
+  console.log('Total changes:', totalChanges);
+  if (isMegaPR) {
+    console.log('Mega-PR detected - applying limited labeling logic');
+  }
+
+  // Fetch API data
+  const apiData = await fetchApiData();
+  const baseRef = context.payload.pull_request.base.ref;
+
+  // Early exit for release and beta branches only
+  if (baseRef === 'release' || baseRef === 'beta') {
+    const branchLabels = await detectMergeBranch(context);
+    const finalLabels = Array.from(branchLabels);
+
+    console.log('Computed labels (merge branch only):', finalLabels.join(', '));
+
+    // Apply labels
+    await applyLabels(github, context, finalLabels);
+
+    // Remove old managed labels
+    await removeOldLabels(github, context, managedLabels, finalLabels);
+
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Run all strategies
+  const [
+    branchLabels,
+    componentLabels,
+    newComponentLabels,
+    newPlatformLabels,
+    coreLabels,
+    sizeLabels,
+    dashboardLabels,
+    actionsLabels,
+    codeOwnerLabels,
+    testLabels,
+    checkboxLabels,
+  ] = await Promise.all([
+    detectMergeBranch(context),
+    detectComponentPlatforms(changedFiles, apiData),
+    detectNewComponents(prFiles),
+    detectNewPlatforms(prFiles, apiData),
+    detectCoreChanges(changedFiles),
+    detectPRSize(prFiles, totalAdditions, totalDeletions, totalChanges, isMegaPR, SMALL_PR_THRESHOLD, TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD),
+    detectDashboardChanges(changedFiles),
+    detectGitHubActionsChanges(changedFiles),
+    detectCodeOwner(github, context, changedFiles),
+    detectTests(changedFiles),
+    detectPRTemplateCheckboxes(context),
+  ]);
+
+  // Combine all labels
+  const allLabels = new Set([
+    ...branchLabels,
+    ...componentLabels,
+    ...newComponentLabels,
+    ...newPlatformLabels,
+    ...coreLabels,
+    ...sizeLabels,
+    ...dashboardLabels,
+    ...actionsLabels,
+    ...codeOwnerLabels,
+    ...testLabels,
+    ...checkboxLabels,
+  ]);
+
+  // Detect requirements based on all other labels
+  const requirementLabels = await detectRequirements(allLabels, prFiles, context);
+  for (const label of requirementLabels) {
+    allLabels.add(label);
+  }
+
+  let finalLabels = Array.from(allLabels);
+
+  // For mega-PRs, exclude component labels if there are too many
+  if (isMegaPR) {
+    const componentLabels = finalLabels.filter(label => label.startsWith('component: '));
+    if (componentLabels.length > COMPONENT_LABEL_THRESHOLD) {
+      finalLabels = finalLabels.filter(label => !label.startsWith('component: '));
+      console.log(`Mega-PR detected - excluding ${componentLabels.length} component labels (threshold: ${COMPONENT_LABEL_THRESHOLD})`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Handle too many labels (only for non-mega PRs)
+  const tooManyLabels = finalLabels.length > MAX_LABELS;
+  const originalLabelCount = finalLabels.length;
+
+  if (tooManyLabels && !isMegaPR && !finalLabels.includes('too-big')) {
+    finalLabels = ['too-big'];
+  }
+
+  console.log('Computed labels:', finalLabels.join(', '));
+
+  // Handle reviews
+  await handleReviews(github, context, finalLabels, originalLabelCount, prFiles, totalAdditions, totalDeletions, MAX_LABELS, TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD);
+
+  // Apply labels
+  await applyLabels(github, context, finalLabels);
+
+  // Remove old managed labels
+  await removeOldLabels(github, context, managedLabels, finalLabels);
+};

.github/scripts/auto-label-pr/labels.js

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// Apply labels to PR
+async function applyLabels(github, context, finalLabels) {
+  const { owner, repo } = context.repo;
+  const pr_number = context.issue.number;
+
+  if (finalLabels.length > 0) {
+    console.log(`Adding labels: ${finalLabels.join(', ')}`);
+    await github.rest.issues.addLabels({
+      owner,
+      repo,
+      issue_number: pr_number,
+      labels: finalLabels
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+// Remove old managed labels
+async function removeOldLabels(github, context, managedLabels, finalLabels) {
+  const { owner, repo } = context.repo;
+  const pr_number = context.issue.number;
+
+  const labelsToRemove = managedLabels.filter(label => !finalLabels.includes(label));
+  for (const label of labelsToRemove) {
+    console.log(`Removing label: ${label}`);
+    try {
+      await github.rest.issues.removeLabel({
+        owner,
+        repo,
+        issue_number: pr_number,
+        name: label
+      });
+    } catch (error) {
+      console.log(`Failed to remove label ${label}:`, error.message);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  applyLabels,
+  removeOldLabels
+};

.github/scripts/auto-label-pr/reviews.js

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+const {
+  BOT_COMMENT_MARKER,
+  CODEOWNERS_MARKER,
+  TOO_BIG_MARKER,
+} = require('./constants');
+
+// Generate review messages
+function generateReviewMessages(finalLabels, originalLabelCount, prFiles, totalAdditions, totalDeletions, prAuthor, MAX_LABELS, TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD) {
+  const messages = [];
+
+  // Too big message
+  if (finalLabels.includes('too-big')) {
+    const testAdditions = prFiles
+      .filter(file => file.filename.startsWith('tests/'))
+      .reduce((sum, file) => sum + (file.additions || 0), 0);
+    const testDeletions = prFiles
+      .filter(file => file.filename.startsWith('tests/'))
+      .reduce((sum, file) => sum + (file.deletions || 0), 0);
+    const nonTestChanges = (totalAdditions - testAdditions) - (totalDeletions - testDeletions);
+
+    const tooManyLabels = originalLabelCount > MAX_LABELS;
+    const tooManyChanges = nonTestChanges > TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD;
+
+    let message = `${TOO_BIG_MARKER}\n### 📦 Pull Request Size\n\n`;
+
+    if (tooManyLabels && tooManyChanges) {
+      message += `This PR is too large with ${nonTestChanges} line changes (excluding tests) and affects ${originalLabelCount} different components/areas.`;
+    } else if (tooManyLabels) {
+      message += `This PR affects ${originalLabelCount} different components/areas.`;
+    } else {
+      message += `This PR is too large with ${nonTestChanges} line changes (excluding tests).`;
+    }
+
+    message += ` Please consider breaking it down into smaller, focused PRs to make review easier and reduce the risk of conflicts.\n\n`;
+    message += `For guidance on breaking down large PRs, see: https://developers.esphome.io/contributing/submitting-your-work/#how-to-approach-large-submissions`;
+
+    messages.push(message);
+  }
+
+  // CODEOWNERS message
+  if (finalLabels.includes('needs-codeowners')) {
+    const message = `${CODEOWNERS_MARKER}\n### 👥 Code Ownership\n\n` +
+      `Hey there @${prAuthor},\n` +
+      `Thanks for submitting this pull request! Can you add yourself as a codeowner for this integration? ` +
+      `This way we can notify you if a bug report for this integration is reported.\n\n` +
+      `In \`__init__.py\` of the integration, please add:\n\n` +
+      `\`\`\`python\nCODEOWNERS = ["@${prAuthor}"]\n\`\`\`\n\n` +
+      `And run \`script/build_codeowners.py\``;
+
+    messages.push(message);
+  }
+
+  return messages;
+}
+
+// Handle reviews
+async function handleReviews(github, context, finalLabels, originalLabelCount, prFiles, totalAdditions, totalDeletions, MAX_LABELS, TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD) {
+  const { owner, repo } = context.repo;
+  const pr_number = context.issue.number;
+  const prAuthor = context.payload.pull_request.user.login;
+
+  const reviewMessages = generateReviewMessages(finalLabels, originalLabelCount, prFiles, totalAdditions, totalDeletions, prAuthor, MAX_LABELS, TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD);
+  const hasReviewableLabels = finalLabels.some(label =>
+    ['too-big', 'needs-codeowners'].includes(label)
+  );
+
+  const { data: reviews } = await github.rest.pulls.listReviews({
+    owner,
+    repo,
+    pull_number: pr_number
+  });
+
+  const botReviews = reviews.filter(review =>
+    review.user.type === 'Bot' &&
+    review.state === 'CHANGES_REQUESTED' &&
+    review.body && review.body.includes(BOT_COMMENT_MARKER)
+  );
+
+  if (hasReviewableLabels) {
+    const reviewBody = `${BOT_COMMENT_MARKER}\n\n${reviewMessages.join('\n\n---\n\n')}`;
+
+    if (botReviews.length > 0) {
+      // Update existing review
+      await github.rest.pulls.updateReview({
+        owner,
+        repo,
+        pull_number: pr_number,
+        review_id: botReviews[0].id,
+        body: reviewBody
+      });
+      console.log('Updated existing bot review');
+    } else {
+      // Create new review
+      await github.rest.pulls.createReview({
+        owner,
+        repo,
+        pull_number: pr_number,
+        body: reviewBody,
+        event: 'REQUEST_CHANGES'
+      });
+      console.log('Created new bot review');
+    }
+  } else if (botReviews.length > 0) {
+    // Dismiss existing reviews
+    for (const review of botReviews) {
+      try {
+        await github.rest.pulls.dismissReview({
+          owner,
+          repo,
+          pull_number: pr_number,
+          review_id: review.id,
+          message: 'Review dismissed: All requirements have been met'
+        });
+        console.log(`Dismissed bot review ${review.id}`);
+      } catch (error) {
+        console.log(`Failed to dismiss review ${review.id}:`, error.message);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  handleReviews
+};

.github/workflows/auto-label-pr.yml

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
     if: github.event.action != 'labeled' || github.event.sender.type != 'Bot'
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Generate a token
         id: generate-token
@@ -36,633 +36,5 @@ jobs:
         with:
           github-token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
           script: |
-            const fs = require('fs');
+            const script = require('./.github/scripts/auto-label-pr/index.js');
-
+            await script({ github, context });
-            // Constants
-            const SMALL_PR_THRESHOLD = parseInt('${{ env.SMALL_PR_THRESHOLD }}');
-            const MAX_LABELS = parseInt('${{ env.MAX_LABELS }}');
-            const TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD = parseInt('${{ env.TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD }}');
-            const COMPONENT_LABEL_THRESHOLD = parseInt('${{ env.COMPONENT_LABEL_THRESHOLD }}');
-            const BOT_COMMENT_MARKER = '<!-- auto-label-pr-bot -->';
-            const CODEOWNERS_MARKER = '<!-- codeowners-request -->';
-            const TOO_BIG_MARKER = '<!-- too-big-request -->';
-
-            const MANAGED_LABELS = [
-              'new-component',
-              'new-platform',
-              'new-target-platform',
-              'merging-to-release',
-              'merging-to-beta',
-              'chained-pr',
-              'core',
-              'small-pr',
-              'dashboard',
-              'github-actions',
-              'by-code-owner',
-              'has-tests',
-              'needs-tests',
-              'needs-docs',
-              'needs-codeowners',
-              'too-big',
-              'labeller-recheck',
-              'bugfix',
-              'new-feature',
-              'breaking-change',
-              'developer-breaking-change',
-              'code-quality'
-            ];
-
-            const DOCS_PR_PATTERNS = [
-              /https:\/\/github\.com\/esphome\/esphome-docs\/pull\/\d+/,
-              /esphome\/esphome-docs#\d+/
-            ];
-
-            // Global state
-            const { owner, repo } = context.repo;
-            const pr_number = context.issue.number;
-
-            // Get current labels and PR data
-            const { data: currentLabelsData } = await github.rest.issues.listLabelsOnIssue({
-              owner,
-              repo,
-              issue_number: pr_number
-            });
-            const currentLabels = currentLabelsData.map(label => label.name);
-            const managedLabels = currentLabels.filter(label =>
-              label.startsWith('component: ') || MANAGED_LABELS.includes(label)
-            );
-
-            // Check for mega-PR early - if present, skip most automatic labeling
-            const isMegaPR = currentLabels.includes('mega-pr');
-
-            // Get all PR files with automatic pagination
-            const prFiles = await github.paginate(
-              github.rest.pulls.listFiles,
-              {
-                owner,
-                repo,
-                pull_number: pr_number
-              }
-            );
-
-            // Calculate data from PR files
-            const changedFiles = prFiles.map(file => file.filename);
-            const totalAdditions = prFiles.reduce((sum, file) => sum + (file.additions || 0), 0);
-            const totalDeletions = prFiles.reduce((sum, file) => sum + (file.deletions || 0), 0);
-            const totalChanges = totalAdditions + totalDeletions;
-
-            console.log('Current labels:', currentLabels.join(', '));
-            console.log('Changed files:', changedFiles.length);
-            console.log('Total changes:', totalChanges);
-            if (isMegaPR) {
-              console.log('Mega-PR detected - applying limited labeling logic');
-            }
-
-            // Fetch API data
-            async function fetchApiData() {
-              try {
-                const response = await fetch('https://data.esphome.io/components.json');
-                const componentsData = await response.json();
-                return {
-                  targetPlatforms: componentsData.target_platforms || [],
-                  platformComponents: componentsData.platform_components || []
-                };
-              } catch (error) {
-                console.log('Failed to fetch components data from API:', error.message);
-                return { targetPlatforms: [], platformComponents: [] };
-              }
-            }
-
-            // Strategy: Merge branch detection
-            async function detectMergeBranch() {
-              const labels = new Set();
-              const baseRef = context.payload.pull_request.base.ref;
-
-              if (baseRef === 'release') {
-                labels.add('merging-to-release');
-              } else if (baseRef === 'beta') {
-                labels.add('merging-to-beta');
-              } else if (baseRef !== 'dev') {
-                labels.add('chained-pr');
-              }
-
-              return labels;
-            }
-
-            // Strategy: Component and platform labeling
-            async function detectComponentPlatforms(apiData) {
-              const labels = new Set();
-              const componentRegex = /^esphome\/components\/([^\/]+)\//;
-              const targetPlatformRegex = new RegExp(`^esphome\/components\/(${apiData.targetPlatforms.join('|')})/`);
-
-              for (const file of changedFiles) {
-                const componentMatch = file.match(componentRegex);
-                if (componentMatch) {
-                  labels.add(`component: ${componentMatch[1]}`);
-                }
-
-                const platformMatch = file.match(targetPlatformRegex);
-                if (platformMatch) {
-                  labels.add(`platform: ${platformMatch[1]}`);
-                }
-              }
-
-              return labels;
-            }
-
-            // Strategy: New component detection
-            async function detectNewComponents() {
-              const labels = new Set();
-              const addedFiles = prFiles.filter(file => file.status === 'added').map(file => file.filename);
-
-              for (const file of addedFiles) {
-                const componentMatch = file.match(/^esphome\/components\/([^\/]+)\/__init__\.py$/);
-                if (componentMatch) {
-                  try {
-                    const content = fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf8');
-                    if (content.includes('IS_TARGET_PLATFORM = True')) {
-                      labels.add('new-target-platform');
-                    }
-                  } catch (error) {
-                    console.log(`Failed to read content of ${file}:`, error.message);
-                  }
-                  labels.add('new-component');
-                }
-              }
-
-              return labels;
-            }
-
-            // Strategy: New platform detection
-            async function detectNewPlatforms(apiData) {
-              const labels = new Set();
-              const addedFiles = prFiles.filter(file => file.status === 'added').map(file => file.filename);
-
-              for (const file of addedFiles) {
-                const platformFileMatch = file.match(/^esphome\/components\/([^\/]+)\/([^\/]+)\.py$/);
-                if (platformFileMatch) {
-                  const [, component, platform] = platformFileMatch;
-                  if (apiData.platformComponents.includes(platform)) {
-                    labels.add('new-platform');
-                  }
-                }
-
-                const platformDirMatch = file.match(/^esphome\/components\/([^\/]+)\/([^\/]+)\/__init__\.py$/);
-                if (platformDirMatch) {
-                  const [, component, platform] = platformDirMatch;
-                  if (apiData.platformComponents.includes(platform)) {
-                    labels.add('new-platform');
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-
-              return labels;
-            }
-
-            // Strategy: Core files detection
-            async function detectCoreChanges() {
-              const labels = new Set();
-              const coreFiles = changedFiles.filter(file =>
-                file.startsWith('esphome/core/') ||
-                (file.startsWith('esphome/') && file.split('/').length === 2)
-              );
-
-              if (coreFiles.length > 0) {
-                labels.add('core');
-              }
-
-              return labels;
-            }
-
-            // Strategy: PR size detection
-            async function detectPRSize() {
-              const labels = new Set();
-
-              if (totalChanges <= SMALL_PR_THRESHOLD) {
-                labels.add('small-pr');
-                return labels;
-              }
-
-              const testAdditions = prFiles
-                .filter(file => file.filename.startsWith('tests/'))
-                .reduce((sum, file) => sum + (file.additions || 0), 0);
-              const testDeletions = prFiles
-                .filter(file => file.filename.startsWith('tests/'))
-                .reduce((sum, file) => sum + (file.deletions || 0), 0);
-
-              const nonTestChanges = (totalAdditions - testAdditions) - (totalDeletions - testDeletions);
-
-              // Don't add too-big if mega-pr label is already present
-              if (nonTestChanges > TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD && !isMegaPR) {
-                labels.add('too-big');
-              }
-
-              return labels;
-            }
-
-            // Strategy: Dashboard changes
-            async function detectDashboardChanges() {
-              const labels = new Set();
-              const dashboardFiles = changedFiles.filter(file =>
-                file.startsWith('esphome/dashboard/') ||
-                file.startsWith('esphome/components/dashboard_import/')
-              );
-
-              if (dashboardFiles.length > 0) {
-                labels.add('dashboard');
-              }
-
-              return labels;
-            }
-
-            // Strategy: GitHub Actions changes
-            async function detectGitHubActionsChanges() {
-              const labels = new Set();
-              const githubActionsFiles = changedFiles.filter(file =>
-                file.startsWith('.github/workflows/')
-              );
-
-              if (githubActionsFiles.length > 0) {
-                labels.add('github-actions');
-              }
-
-              return labels;
-            }
-
-            // Strategy: Code owner detection
-            async function detectCodeOwner() {
-              const labels = new Set();
-
-              try {
-                const { data: codeownersFile } = await github.rest.repos.getContent({
-                  owner,
-                  repo,
-                  path: 'CODEOWNERS',
-                });
-
-                const codeownersContent = Buffer.from(codeownersFile.content, 'base64').toString('utf8');
-                const prAuthor = context.payload.pull_request.user.login;
-
-                const codeownersLines = codeownersContent.split('\n')
-                  .map(line => line.trim())
-                  .filter(line => line && !line.startsWith('#'));
-
-                const codeownersRegexes = codeownersLines.map(line => {
-                  const parts = line.split(/\s+/);
-                  const pattern = parts[0];
-                  const owners = parts.slice(1);
-
-                  let regex;
-                  if (pattern.endsWith('*')) {
-                    const dir = pattern.slice(0, -1);
-                    regex = new RegExp(`^${dir.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, '\\$&')}`);
-                  } else if (pattern.includes('*')) {
-                    // First escape all regex special chars except *, then replace * with .*
-                    const regexPattern = pattern
-                      .replace(/[.+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, '\\$&')
-                      .replace(/\*/g, '.*');
-                    regex = new RegExp(`^${regexPattern}$`);
-                  } else {
-                    regex = new RegExp(`^${pattern.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, '\\$&')}$`);
-                  }
-
-                  return { regex, owners };
-                });
-
-                for (const file of changedFiles) {
-                  for (const { regex, owners } of codeownersRegexes) {
-                    if (regex.test(file) && owners.some(owner => owner === `@${prAuthor}`)) {
-                      labels.add('by-code-owner');
-                      return labels;
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              } catch (error) {
-                console.log('Failed to read or parse CODEOWNERS file:', error.message);
-              }
-
-              return labels;
-            }
-
-            // Strategy: Test detection
-            async function detectTests() {
-              const labels = new Set();
-              const testFiles = changedFiles.filter(file => file.startsWith('tests/'));
-
-              if (testFiles.length > 0) {
-                labels.add('has-tests');
-              }
-
-              return labels;
-            }
-
-            // Strategy: PR Template Checkbox detection
-            async function detectPRTemplateCheckboxes() {
-              const labels = new Set();
-              const prBody = context.payload.pull_request.body || '';
-
-              console.log('Checking PR template checkboxes...');
-
-              // Check for checked checkboxes in the "Types of changes" section
-              const checkboxPatterns = [
-                { pattern: /- \[x\] Bugfix \(non-breaking change which fixes an issue\)/i, label: 'bugfix' },
-                { pattern: /- \[x\] New feature \(non-breaking change which adds functionality\)/i, label: 'new-feature' },
-                { pattern: /- \[x\] Breaking change \(fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected\)/i, label: 'breaking-change' },
-                { pattern: /- \[x\] Developer breaking change \(an API change that could break external components\)/i, label: 'developer-breaking-change' },
-                { pattern: /- \[x\] Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests/i, label: 'code-quality' }
-              ];
-
-              for (const { pattern, label } of checkboxPatterns) {
-                if (pattern.test(prBody)) {
-                  console.log(`Found checked checkbox for: ${label}`);
-                  labels.add(label);
-                }
-              }
-
-              return labels;
-            }
-
-            // Strategy: Requirements detection
-            async function detectRequirements(allLabels) {
-              const labels = new Set();
-
-              // Check for missing tests
-              if ((allLabels.has('new-component') || allLabels.has('new-platform') || allLabels.has('new-feature')) && !allLabels.has('has-tests')) {
-                labels.add('needs-tests');
-              }
-
-              // Check for missing docs
-              if (allLabels.has('new-component') || allLabels.has('new-platform') || allLabels.has('new-feature')) {
-                const prBody = context.payload.pull_request.body || '';
-                const hasDocsLink = DOCS_PR_PATTERNS.some(pattern => pattern.test(prBody));
-
-                if (!hasDocsLink) {
-                  labels.add('needs-docs');
-                }
-              }
-
-              // Check for missing CODEOWNERS
-              if (allLabels.has('new-component')) {
-                const codeownersModified = prFiles.some(file =>
-                  file.filename === 'CODEOWNERS' &&
-                  (file.status === 'modified' || file.status === 'added') &&
-                  (file.additions || 0) > 0
-                );
-
-                if (!codeownersModified) {
-                  labels.add('needs-codeowners');
-                }
-              }
-
-              return labels;
-            }
-
-            // Generate review messages
-            function generateReviewMessages(finalLabels, originalLabelCount) {
-              const messages = [];
-              const prAuthor = context.payload.pull_request.user.login;
-
-              // Too big message
-              if (finalLabels.includes('too-big')) {
-                const testAdditions = prFiles
-                  .filter(file => file.filename.startsWith('tests/'))
-                  .reduce((sum, file) => sum + (file.additions || 0), 0);
-                const testDeletions = prFiles
-                  .filter(file => file.filename.startsWith('tests/'))
-                  .reduce((sum, file) => sum + (file.deletions || 0), 0);
-                const nonTestChanges = (totalAdditions - testAdditions) - (totalDeletions - testDeletions);
-
-                const tooManyLabels = originalLabelCount > MAX_LABELS;
-                const tooManyChanges = nonTestChanges > TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD;
-
-                let message = `${TOO_BIG_MARKER}\n### 📦 Pull Request Size\n\n`;
-
-                if (tooManyLabels && tooManyChanges) {
-                  message += `This PR is too large with ${nonTestChanges} line changes (excluding tests) and affects ${originalLabelCount} different components/areas.`;
-                } else if (tooManyLabels) {
-                  message += `This PR affects ${originalLabelCount} different components/areas.`;
-                } else {
-                  message += `This PR is too large with ${nonTestChanges} line changes (excluding tests).`;
-                }
-
-                message += ` Please consider breaking it down into smaller, focused PRs to make review easier and reduce the risk of conflicts.\n\n`;
-                message += `For guidance on breaking down large PRs, see: https://developers.esphome.io/contributing/submitting-your-work/#how-to-approach-large-submissions`;
-
-                messages.push(message);
-              }
-
-              // CODEOWNERS message
-              if (finalLabels.includes('needs-codeowners')) {
-                const message = `${CODEOWNERS_MARKER}\n### 👥 Code Ownership\n\n` +
-                  `Hey there @${prAuthor},\n` +
-                  `Thanks for submitting this pull request! Can you add yourself as a codeowner for this integration? ` +
-                  `This way we can notify you if a bug report for this integration is reported.\n\n` +
-                  `In \`__init__.py\` of the integration, please add:\n\n` +
-                  `\`\`\`python\nCODEOWNERS = ["@${prAuthor}"]\n\`\`\`\n\n` +
-                  `And run \`script/build_codeowners.py\``;
-
-                messages.push(message);
-              }
-
-              return messages;
-            }
-
-            // Handle reviews
-            async function handleReviews(finalLabels, originalLabelCount) {
-              const reviewMessages = generateReviewMessages(finalLabels, originalLabelCount);
-              const hasReviewableLabels = finalLabels.some(label =>
-                ['too-big', 'needs-codeowners'].includes(label)
-              );
-
-              const { data: reviews } = await github.rest.pulls.listReviews({
-                owner,
-                repo,
-                pull_number: pr_number
-              });
-
-              const botReviews = reviews.filter(review =>
-                review.user.type === 'Bot' &&
-                review.state === 'CHANGES_REQUESTED' &&
-                review.body && review.body.includes(BOT_COMMENT_MARKER)
-              );
-
-              if (hasReviewableLabels) {
-                const reviewBody = `${BOT_COMMENT_MARKER}\n\n${reviewMessages.join('\n\n---\n\n')}`;
-
-                if (botReviews.length > 0) {
-                  // Update existing review
-                  await github.rest.pulls.updateReview({
-                    owner,
-                    repo,
-                    pull_number: pr_number,
-                    review_id: botReviews[0].id,
-                    body: reviewBody
-                  });
-                  console.log('Updated existing bot review');
-                } else {
-                  // Create new review
-                  await github.rest.pulls.createReview({
-                    owner,
-                    repo,
-                    pull_number: pr_number,
-                    body: reviewBody,
-                    event: 'REQUEST_CHANGES'
-                  });
-                  console.log('Created new bot review');
-                }
-              } else if (botReviews.length > 0) {
-                // Dismiss existing reviews
-                for (const review of botReviews) {
-                  try {
-                    await github.rest.pulls.dismissReview({
-                      owner,
-                      repo,
-                      pull_number: pr_number,
-                      review_id: review.id,
-                      message: 'Review dismissed: All requirements have been met'
-                    });
-                    console.log(`Dismissed bot review ${review.id}`);
-                  } catch (error) {
-                    console.log(`Failed to dismiss review ${review.id}:`, error.message);
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            }
-
-            // Main execution
-            const apiData = await fetchApiData();
-            const baseRef = context.payload.pull_request.base.ref;
-
-            // Early exit for release and beta branches only
-            if (baseRef === 'release' || baseRef === 'beta') {
-              const branchLabels = await detectMergeBranch();
-              const finalLabels = Array.from(branchLabels);
-
-              console.log('Computed labels (merge branch only):', finalLabels.join(', '));
-
-              // Apply labels
-              if (finalLabels.length > 0) {
-                await github.rest.issues.addLabels({
-                  owner,
-                  repo,
-                  issue_number: pr_number,
-                  labels: finalLabels
-                });
-              }
-
-              // Remove old managed labels
-              const labelsToRemove = managedLabels.filter(label => !finalLabels.includes(label));
-              for (const label of labelsToRemove) {
-                try {
-                  await github.rest.issues.removeLabel({
-                    owner,
-                    repo,
-                    issue_number: pr_number,
-                    name: label
-                  });
-                } catch (error) {
-                  console.log(`Failed to remove label ${label}:`, error.message);
-                }
-              }
-
-              return;
-            }
-
-            // Run all strategies
-            const [
-              branchLabels,
-              componentLabels,
-              newComponentLabels,
-              newPlatformLabels,
-              coreLabels,
-              sizeLabels,
-              dashboardLabels,
-              actionsLabels,
-              codeOwnerLabels,
-              testLabels,
-              checkboxLabels
-            ] = await Promise.all([
-              detectMergeBranch(),
-              detectComponentPlatforms(apiData),
-              detectNewComponents(),
-              detectNewPlatforms(apiData),
-              detectCoreChanges(),
-              detectPRSize(),
-              detectDashboardChanges(),
-              detectGitHubActionsChanges(),
-              detectCodeOwner(),
-              detectTests(),
-              detectPRTemplateCheckboxes()
-            ]);
-
-            // Combine all labels
-            const allLabels = new Set([
-              ...branchLabels,
-              ...componentLabels,
-              ...newComponentLabels,
-              ...newPlatformLabels,
-              ...coreLabels,
-              ...sizeLabels,
-              ...dashboardLabels,
-              ...actionsLabels,
-              ...codeOwnerLabels,
-              ...testLabels,
-              ...checkboxLabels
-            ]);
-
-            // Detect requirements based on all other labels
-            const requirementLabels = await detectRequirements(allLabels);
-            for (const label of requirementLabels) {
-              allLabels.add(label);
-            }
-
-            let finalLabels = Array.from(allLabels);
-
-            // For mega-PRs, exclude component labels if there are too many
-            if (isMegaPR) {
-              const componentLabels = finalLabels.filter(label => label.startsWith('component: '));
-              if (componentLabels.length > COMPONENT_LABEL_THRESHOLD) {
-                finalLabels = finalLabels.filter(label => !label.startsWith('component: '));
-                console.log(`Mega-PR detected - excluding ${componentLabels.length} component labels (threshold: ${COMPONENT_LABEL_THRESHOLD})`);
-              }
-            }
-
-            // Handle too many labels (only for non-mega PRs)
-            const tooManyLabels = finalLabels.length > MAX_LABELS;
-            const originalLabelCount = finalLabels.length;
-
-            if (tooManyLabels && !isMegaPR && !finalLabels.includes('too-big')) {
-              finalLabels = ['too-big'];
-            }
-
-            console.log('Computed labels:', finalLabels.join(', '));
-
-            // Handle reviews
-            await handleReviews(finalLabels, originalLabelCount);
-
-            // Apply labels
-            if (finalLabels.length > 0) {
-              console.log(`Adding labels: ${finalLabels.join(', ')}`);
-              await github.rest.issues.addLabels({
-                owner,
-                repo,
-                issue_number: pr_number,
-                labels: finalLabels
-              });
-            }
-
-            // Remove old managed labels
-            const labelsToRemove = managedLabels.filter(label => !finalLabels.includes(label));
-            for (const label of labelsToRemove) {
-              console.log(`Removing label: ${label}`);
-              try {
-                await github.rest.issues.removeLabel({
-                  owner,
-                  repo,
-                  issue_number: pr_number,
-                  name: label
-                });
-              } catch (error) {
-                console.log(`Failed to remove label ${label}:`, error.message);
-              }
-            }

.github/workflows/ci-api-proto.yml

@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.11"
 

.github/workflows/ci-clang-tidy-hash.yml

@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.11"
 

.github/workflows/ci-docker.yml

@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ jobs:
           - "docker"
           # - "lint"
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.11"
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx

.github/workflows/ci-memory-impact-comment.yml

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Check out code from base repository
         if: steps.pr.outputs.skip != 'true'
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           # Always check out from the base repository (esphome/esphome), never from forks
           # Use the PR's target branch to ensure we run trusted code from the main repo

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -36,18 +36,18 @@ jobs:
       cache-key: ${{ steps.cache-key.outputs.key }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Generate cache-key
         id: cache-key
         run: echo key="${{ hashFiles('requirements.txt', 'requirements_test.txt', '.pre-commit-config.yaml') }}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Set up Python ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
         id: python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
       - name: Restore Python virtual environment
         id: cache-venv
-        uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: venv
           # yamllint disable-line rule:line-length
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ jobs:
     if: needs.determine-jobs.outputs.python-linters == 'true'
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ jobs:
       - common
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ jobs:
       - common
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Restore Python
         id: restore-python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ jobs:
           token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
       - name: Save Python virtual environment cache
         if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache/save@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache/save@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: venv
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ steps.restore-python.outputs.python-version }}-venv-${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ jobs:
       component-test-batches: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.component-test-batches }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           # Fetch enough history to find the merge base
           fetch-depth: 2
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ jobs:
           python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
           cache-key: ${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
       - name: Restore components graph cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: .temp/components_graph.json
           key: components-graph-${{ hashFiles('esphome/components/**/*.py') }}
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "component-test-batches=$(echo "$output" | jq -c '.component_test_batches')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Save components graph cache
         if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache/save@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache/save@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: .temp/components_graph.json
           key: components-graph-${{ hashFiles('esphome/components/**/*.py') }}
@@ -237,15 +237,15 @@ jobs:
     if: needs.determine-jobs.outputs.integration-tests == 'true'
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Set up Python 3.13
         id: python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.13"
       - name: Restore Python virtual environment
         id: cache-venv
-        uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: venv
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ steps.python.outputs.python-version }}-venv-${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ jobs:
     if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && (needs.determine-jobs.outputs.cpp-unit-tests-run-all == 'true' || needs.determine-jobs.outputs.cpp-unit-tests-components != '[]')
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           # Need history for HEAD~1 to work for checking changed files
           fetch-depth: 2
@@ -334,14 +334,14 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Cache platformio
         if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-${{ matrix.pio_cache_key }}-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
 
       - name: Cache platformio
         if: github.ref != 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-${{ matrix.pio_cache_key }}-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ jobs:
       GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           # Need history for HEAD~1 to work for checking changed files
           fetch-depth: 2
@@ -413,14 +413,14 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Cache platformio
         if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-tidyesp32-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
 
       - name: Cache platformio
         if: github.ref != 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-tidyesp32-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           # Need history for HEAD~1 to work for checking changed files
           fetch-depth: 2
@@ -502,14 +502,14 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Cache platformio
         if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-tidyesp32-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
 
       - name: Cache platformio
         if: github.ref != 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-tidyesp32-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
@@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ jobs:
           version: 1.0
 
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
@@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ jobs:
     if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !startsWith(github.base_ref, 'beta') && !startsWith(github.base_ref, 'release')
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
@@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ jobs:
       skip: ${{ steps.check-script.outputs.skip }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out target branch
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           ref: ${{ github.base_ref }}
 
@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Restore cached memory analysis
         id: cache-memory-analysis
         if: steps.check-script.outputs.skip != 'true'
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: memory-analysis-target.json
           key: ${{ steps.cache-key.outputs.cache-key }}
@@ -759,7 +759,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Cache platformio
         if: steps.check-script.outputs.skip != 'true' && steps.cache-memory-analysis.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-memory-${{ fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).platform }}-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Save memory analysis to cache
         if: steps.check-script.outputs.skip != 'true' && steps.cache-memory-analysis.outputs.cache-hit != 'true' && steps.build.outcome == 'success'
-        uses: actions/cache/save@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache/save@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: memory-analysis-target.json
           key: ${{ steps.cache-key.outputs.cache-key }}
@@ -840,14 +840,14 @@ jobs:
       flash_usage: ${{ steps.extract.outputs.flash_usage }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out PR branch
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
           cache-key: ${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
       - name: Cache platformio
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@8b402f58fbc84540c8b491a91e594a4576fec3d7 # v5.0.2
         with:
           path: ~/.platformio
           key: platformio-memory-${{ fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).platform }}-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
@@ -908,7 +908,7 @@ jobs:
       GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Restore Python
         uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
         with:

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -54,11 +54,11 @@ jobs:
             # your codebase is analyzed, see https://docs.github.com/en/code-security/code-scanning/creating-an-advanced-setup-for-code-scanning/codeql-code-scanning-for-compiled-languages
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
       - name: Initialize CodeQL
-        uses: github/codeql-action/init@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@b20883b0cd1f46c72ae0ba6d1090936928f9fa30 # v4.32.0
         with:
           languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
           build-mode: ${{ matrix.build-mode }}
@@ -86,6 +86,6 @@ jobs:
           exit 1
 
       - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@b20883b0cd1f46c72ae0ba6d1090936928f9fa30 # v4.32.0
         with:
           category: "/language:${{matrix.language}}"

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
       branch_build: ${{ steps.tag.outputs.branch_build }}
       deploy_env: ${{ steps.tag.outputs.deploy_env }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Get tag
         id: tag
         # yamllint disable rule:line-length
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ jobs:
       contents: read
       id-token: write
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.x"
       - name: Build
@@ -92,9 +92,9 @@ jobs:
             os: "ubuntu-24.04-arm"
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.11"
 
@@ -102,12 +102,12 @@ jobs:
         uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@8d2750c68a42422c14e847fe6c8ac0403b4cbd6f # v3.12.0
 
       - name: Log in to docker hub
-        uses: docker/login-action@5e57cd118135c172c3672efd75eb46360885c0ef # v3.6.0
+        uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3.7.0
         with:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
       - name: Log in to the GitHub container registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@5e57cd118135c172c3672efd75eb46360885c0ef # v3.6.0
+        uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3.7.0
         with:
           registry: ghcr.io
           username: ${{ github.actor }}
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ jobs:
           - ghcr
           - dockerhub
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Download digests
         uses: actions/download-artifact@37930b1c2abaa49bbe596cd826c3c89aef350131 # v7.0.0
@@ -182,13 +182,13 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Log in to docker hub
         if: matrix.registry == 'dockerhub'
-        uses: docker/login-action@5e57cd118135c172c3672efd75eb46360885c0ef # v3.6.0
+        uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3.7.0
         with:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
       - name: Log in to the GitHub container registry
         if: matrix.registry == 'ghcr'
-        uses: docker/login-action@5e57cd118135c172c3672efd75eb46360885c0ef # v3.6.0
+        uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3.7.0
         with:
           registry: ghcr.io
           username: ${{ github.actor }}

.github/workflows/sync-device-classes.yml

@@ -13,16 +13,16 @@ jobs:
     if: github.repository == 'esphome/esphome'
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Checkout Home Assistant
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           repository: home-assistant/core
           path: lib/home-assistant
 
       - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@83679a892e2d95755f2dac6acb0bfd1e9ac5d548 # v6.1.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: 3.13
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ jobs:
           python script/run-in-env.py pre-commit run --all-files
 
       - name: Commit changes
-        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@98357b18bf14b5342f975ff684046ec3b2a07725 # v8.0.0
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@c0f553fe549906ede9cf27b5156039d195d2ece0 # v8.1.0
         with:
           commit-message: "Synchronise Device Classes from Home Assistant"
           committer: esphomebot <esphome@openhomefoundation.org>

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ci:
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
     # Ruff version.
-    rev: v0.14.11
+    rev: v0.14.14
     hooks:
       # Run the linter.
       - id: ruff

CODEOWNERS

@@ -88,7 +88,8 @@ esphome/components/bmp3xx/* @latonita
 esphome/components/bmp3xx_base/* @latonita @martgras
 esphome/components/bmp3xx_i2c/* @latonita
 esphome/components/bmp3xx_spi/* @latonita
-esphome/components/bmp581/* @kahrendt
+esphome/components/bmp581_base/* @danielkent-net @kahrendt
+esphome/components/bmp581_i2c/* @danielkent-net @kahrendt
 esphome/components/bp1658cj/* @Cossid
 esphome/components/bp5758d/* @Cossid
 esphome/components/bthome_mithermometer/* @nagyrobi
@@ -481,6 +482,7 @@ esphome/components/switch/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/switch/binary_sensor/* @ssieb
 esphome/components/sx126x/* @swoboda1337
 esphome/components/sx127x/* @swoboda1337
+esphome/components/sy6970/* @linkedupbits
 esphome/components/syslog/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/t6615/* @tylermenezes
 esphome/components/tc74/* @sethgirvan

Doxyfile

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ PROJECT_NAME           = ESPHome
 # could be handy for archiving the generated documentation or if some version
 # control system is used.
 
-PROJECT_NUMBER         = 2026.1.3
+PROJECT_NUMBER         = 2026.2.0-dev
 
 # Using the PROJECT_BRIEF tag one can provide an optional one line description
 # for a project that appears at the top of each page and should give viewer a

esphome/__main__.py

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_SUBSTITUTIONS,
     CONF_TOPIC,
     ENV_NOGITIGNORE,
+    KEY_NATIVE_IDF,
     PLATFORM_ESP32,
     PLATFORM_ESP8266,
     PLATFORM_RP2040,
@@ -116,6 +117,7 @@ class ArgsProtocol(Protocol):
     configuration: str
     name: str
     upload_speed: str | None
+    native_idf: bool
 
 
 def choose_prompt(options, purpose: str = None):
@@ -223,8 +225,13 @@ def choose_upload_log_host(
             else:
                 resolved.append(device)
         if not resolved:
+            if CORE.dashboard:
+                hint = "If you know the IP, set 'use_address' in your network config."
+            else:
+                hint = "If you know the IP, try --device <IP>"
             raise EsphomeError(
-                f"All specified devices {defaults} could not be resolved. Is the device connected to the network?"
+                f"All specified devices {defaults} could not be resolved. "
+                f"Is the device connected to the network? {hint}"
             )
         return resolved
 
@@ -495,12 +502,15 @@ def wrap_to_code(name, comp):
     return wrapped
 
 
-def write_cpp(config: ConfigType) -> int:
+def write_cpp(config: ConfigType, native_idf: bool = False) -> int:
     if not get_bool_env(ENV_NOGITIGNORE):
         writer.write_gitignore()
 
+    # Store native_idf flag so esp32 component can check it
+    CORE.data[KEY_NATIVE_IDF] = native_idf
+
     generate_cpp_contents(config)
-    return write_cpp_file()
+    return write_cpp_file(native_idf=native_idf)
 
 
 def generate_cpp_contents(config: ConfigType) -> None:
@@ -514,32 +524,54 @@ def generate_cpp_contents(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     CORE.flush_tasks()
 
 
-def write_cpp_file() -> int:
+def write_cpp_file(native_idf: bool = False) -> int:
     code_s = indent(CORE.cpp_main_section)
     writer.write_cpp(code_s)
 
-    from esphome.build_gen import platformio
+    if native_idf and CORE.is_esp32 and CORE.target_framework == "esp-idf":
+        from esphome.build_gen import espidf
 
-    platformio.write_project()
+        espidf.write_project()
+    else:
+        from esphome.build_gen import platformio
+
+        platformio.write_project()
 
     return 0
 
 
 def compile_program(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int:
-    from esphome import platformio_api
+    native_idf = getattr(args, "native_idf", False)
 
     # NOTE: "Build path:" format is parsed by script/ci_memory_impact_extract.py
     # If you change this format, update the regex in that script as well
     _LOGGER.info("Compiling app... Build path: %s", CORE.build_path)
-    rc = platformio_api.run_compile(config, CORE.verbose)
+
-    if rc != 0:
+    if native_idf and CORE.is_esp32 and CORE.target_framework == "esp-idf":
-        return rc
+        from esphome import espidf_api
+
+        rc = espidf_api.run_compile(config, CORE.verbose)
+        if rc != 0:
+            return rc
+
+        # Create factory.bin and ota.bin
+        espidf_api.create_factory_bin()
+        espidf_api.create_ota_bin()
+    else:
+        from esphome import platformio_api
+
+        rc = platformio_api.run_compile(config, CORE.verbose)
+        if rc != 0:
+            return rc
+
+        idedata = platformio_api.get_idedata(config)
+        if idedata is None:
+            return 1
 
     # Check if firmware was rebuilt and emit build_info + create manifest
     _check_and_emit_build_info()
 
-    idedata = platformio_api.get_idedata(config)
+    return 0
-    return 0 if idedata is not None else 1
 
 
 def _check_and_emit_build_info() -> None:
@@ -796,7 +828,8 @@ def command_vscode(args: ArgsProtocol) -> int | None:
 
 
 def command_compile(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int | None:
-    exit_code = write_cpp(config)
+    native_idf = getattr(args, "native_idf", False)
+    exit_code = write_cpp(config, native_idf=native_idf)
     if exit_code != 0:
         return exit_code
     if args.only_generate:
@@ -851,7 +884,8 @@ def command_logs(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int | None:
 
 
 def command_run(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int | None:
-    exit_code = write_cpp(config)
+    native_idf = getattr(args, "native_idf", False)
+    exit_code = write_cpp(config, native_idf=native_idf)
     if exit_code != 0:
         return exit_code
     exit_code = compile_program(args, config)
@@ -1305,6 +1339,11 @@ def parse_args(argv):
         help="Only generate source code, do not compile.",
         action="store_true",
     )
+    parser_compile.add_argument(
+        "--native-idf",
+        help="Build with native ESP-IDF instead of PlatformIO (ESP32 esp-idf framework only).",
+        action="store_true",
+    )
 
     parser_upload = subparsers.add_parser(
         "upload",
@@ -1386,6 +1425,11 @@ def parse_args(argv):
         help="Reset the device before starting serial logs.",
         default=os.getenv("ESPHOME_SERIAL_LOGGING_RESET"),
     )
+    parser_run.add_argument(
+        "--native-idf",
+        help="Build with native ESP-IDF instead of PlatformIO (ESP32 esp-idf framework only).",
+        action="store_true",
+    )
 
     parser_clean = subparsers.add_parser(
         "clean-mqtt",

esphome/analyze_memory/__init__.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ from .helpers import (
     map_section_name,
     parse_symbol_line,
 )
-from .toolchain import find_tool, run_tool
+from .toolchain import find_tool, resolve_tool_path, run_tool
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from esphome.platformio_api import IDEData
@@ -132,6 +132,12 @@ class MemoryAnalyzer:
             readelf_path = readelf_path or idedata.readelf_path
             _LOGGER.debug("Using toolchain paths from PlatformIO idedata")
 
+        # Validate paths exist, fall back to find_tool if they don't
+        # This handles cases like Zephyr where cc_path doesn't include full path
+        # and the toolchain prefix may differ (e.g., arm-zephyr-eabi- vs arm-none-eabi-)
+        objdump_path = resolve_tool_path("objdump", objdump_path, objdump_path)
+        readelf_path = resolve_tool_path("readelf", readelf_path, objdump_path)
+
         self.objdump_path = objdump_path or "objdump"
         self.readelf_path = readelf_path or "readelf"
         self.external_components = external_components or set()

esphome/analyze_memory/const.py

@@ -9,11 +9,61 @@ ESPHOME_COMPONENT_PATTERN = re.compile(r"esphome::([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)::")
 # Maps standard section names to their various platform-specific variants
 # Note: Order matters! More specific patterns (.bss) must come before general ones (.dram)
 # because ESP-IDF uses names like ".dram0.bss" which would match ".dram" otherwise
+#
+# Platform-specific sections:
+# - ESP8266/ESP32: .iram*, .dram*
+# - LibreTiny RTL87xx: .xip.code_* (flash), .ram.code_* (RAM)
+# - LibreTiny BK7231: .itcm.code (fast RAM), .vectors (interrupt vectors)
+# - LibreTiny LN882X: .flash_text, .flash_copy* (flash code)
+# - Zephyr/nRF52: text, rodata, datas, bss (no leading dots)
 SECTION_MAPPING = {
-    ".text": frozenset([".text", ".iram"]),
+    ".text": frozenset(
-    ".rodata": frozenset([".rodata"]),
+        [
-    ".bss": frozenset([".bss"]),  # Must be before .data to catch ".dram0.bss"
+            ".text",
-    ".data": frozenset([".data", ".dram"]),
+            ".iram",
+            # LibreTiny RTL87xx XIP (eXecute In Place) flash code
+            ".xip.code",
+            # LibreTiny RTL87xx RAM code
+            ".ram.code_text",
+            # LibreTiny BK7231 fast RAM code and vectors
+            ".itcm.code",
+            ".vectors",
+            # LibreTiny LN882X flash code
+            ".flash_text",
+            ".flash_copy",
+            # Zephyr/nRF52 sections (no leading dots)
+            "text",
+            "rom_start",
+        ]
+    ),
+    ".rodata": frozenset(
+        [
+            ".rodata",
+            # LibreTiny RTL87xx read-only data in RAM
+            ".ram.code_rodata",
+            # Zephyr/nRF52 sections (no leading dots)
+            "rodata",
+        ]
+    ),
+    # .bss patterns - must be before .data to catch ".dram0.bss"
+    ".bss": frozenset(
+        [
+            ".bss",
+            # LibreTiny LN882X BSS
+            ".bss_ram",
+            # Zephyr/nRF52 sections (no leading dots)
+            "bss",
+            "noinit",
+        ]
+    ),
+    ".data": frozenset(
+        [
+            ".data",
+            ".dram",
+            # Zephyr/nRF52 sections (no leading dots)
+            "datas",
+        ]
+    ),
 }
 
 # Section to ComponentMemory attribute mapping

esphome/analyze_memory/helpers.py

@@ -94,13 +94,13 @@ def parse_symbol_line(line: str) -> tuple[str, str, int, str] | None:
         return None
 
     # Find section, size, and name
+    # Try each part as a potential section name
     for i, part in enumerate(parts):
-        if not part.startswith("."):
+        # Skip parts that are clearly flags, addresses, or other metadata
-            continue
+        # Sections start with '.' (standard ELF) or are known section names (Zephyr)
-
         section = map_section_name(part)
         if not section:
-            break
+            continue
 
         # Need at least size field after section
         if i + 1 >= len(parts):

esphome/analyze_memory/toolchain.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
+import os
 from pathlib import Path
 import subprocess
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
@@ -17,10 +18,82 @@ TOOLCHAIN_PREFIXES = [
     "xtensa-lx106-elf-",  # ESP8266
     "xtensa-esp32-elf-",  # ESP32
     "xtensa-esp-elf-",  # ESP32 (newer IDF)
+    "arm-zephyr-eabi-",  # nRF52/Zephyr SDK
+    "arm-none-eabi-",  # Generic ARM (RP2040, etc.)
     "",  # System default (no prefix)
 ]
 
 
+def _find_in_platformio_packages(tool_name: str) -> str | None:
+    """Search for a tool in PlatformIO package directories.
+
+    This handles cases like Zephyr SDK where tools are installed in nested
+    directories that aren't in PATH.
+
+    Args:
+        tool_name: Name of the tool (e.g., "readelf", "objdump")
+
+    Returns:
+        Full path to the tool or None if not found
+    """
+    # Get PlatformIO packages directory
+    platformio_home = Path(os.path.expanduser("~/.platformio/packages"))
+    if not platformio_home.exists():
+        return None
+
+    # Search patterns for toolchains that might contain the tool
+    # Order matters - more specific patterns first
+    search_patterns = [
+        # Zephyr SDK deeply nested structure (4 levels)
+        # e.g., toolchain-gccarmnoneeabi/zephyr-sdk-0.17.4/arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/arm-zephyr-eabi-objdump
+        f"toolchain-*/*/*/bin/*-{tool_name}",
+        # Zephyr SDK nested structure (3 levels)
+        f"toolchain-*/*/bin/*-{tool_name}",
+        f"toolchain-*/bin/*-{tool_name}",
+        # Standard PlatformIO toolchain structure
+        f"toolchain-*/bin/*{tool_name}",
+    ]
+
+    for pattern in search_patterns:
+        matches = list(platformio_home.glob(pattern))
+        if matches:
+            # Sort to get consistent results, prefer arm-zephyr-eabi over arm-none-eabi
+            matches.sort(key=lambda p: ("zephyr" not in str(p), str(p)))
+            tool_path = str(matches[0])
+            _LOGGER.debug("Found %s in PlatformIO packages: %s", tool_name, tool_path)
+            return tool_path
+
+    return None
+
+
+def resolve_tool_path(
+    tool_name: str,
+    derived_path: str | None,
+    objdump_path: str | None = None,
+) -> str | None:
+    """Resolve a tool path, falling back to find_tool if derived path doesn't exist.
+
+    Args:
+        tool_name: Name of the tool (e.g., "objdump", "readelf")
+        derived_path: Path derived from idedata (may not exist for some platforms)
+        objdump_path: Path to objdump binary to derive other tool paths from
+
+    Returns:
+        Resolved path to the tool, or the original derived_path if it exists
+    """
+    if derived_path and not Path(derived_path).exists():
+        found = find_tool(tool_name, objdump_path)
+        if found:
+            _LOGGER.debug(
+                "Derived %s path %s not found, using %s",
+                tool_name,
+                derived_path,
+                found,
+            )
+            return found
+    return derived_path
+
+
 def find_tool(
     tool_name: str,
     objdump_path: str | None = None,
@@ -28,7 +101,8 @@ def find_tool(
     """Find a toolchain tool by name.
 
     First tries to derive the tool path from objdump_path (if provided),
-    then falls back to searching for platform-specific tools.
+    then searches PlatformIO package directories (for cross-compile toolchains),
+    and finally falls back to searching for platform-specific tools in PATH.
 
     Args:
         tool_name: Name of the tool (e.g., "objdump", "nm", "c++filt")
@@ -47,7 +121,13 @@ def find_tool(
             _LOGGER.debug("Found %s at: %s", tool_name, potential_path)
             return potential_path
 
-    # Try platform-specific tools
+    # Search in PlatformIO packages directory first (handles Zephyr SDK, etc.)
+    # This must come before PATH search because system tools (e.g., /usr/bin/objdump)
+    # are for the host architecture, not the target (ARM, Xtensa, etc.)
+    if found := _find_in_platformio_packages(tool_name):
+        return found
+
+    # Try platform-specific tools in PATH (fallback for when tools are installed globally)
     for prefix in TOOLCHAIN_PREFIXES:
         cmd = f"{prefix}{tool_name}"
         try:

esphome/build_gen/espidf.py

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+"""ESP-IDF direct build generator for ESPHome."""
+
+import json
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from esphome.components.esp32 import get_esp32_variant
+from esphome.core import CORE
+from esphome.helpers import mkdir_p, write_file_if_changed
+
+
+def get_available_components() -> list[str] | None:
+    """Get list of available ESP-IDF components from project_description.json.
+
+    Returns only internal ESP-IDF components, excluding external/managed
+    components (from idf_component.yml).
+    """
+    project_desc = Path(CORE.build_path) / "build" / "project_description.json"
+    if not project_desc.exists():
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        with open(project_desc, encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            data = json.load(f)
+
+        component_info = data.get("build_component_info", {})
+
+        result = []
+        for name, info in component_info.items():
+            # Exclude our own src component
+            if name == "src":
+                continue
+
+            # Exclude managed/external components
+            comp_dir = info.get("dir", "")
+            if "managed_components" in comp_dir:
+                continue
+
+            result.append(name)
+
+        return result
+    except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError):
+        return None
+
+
+def has_discovered_components() -> bool:
+    """Check if we have discovered components from a previous configure."""
+    return get_available_components() is not None
+
+
+def get_project_cmakelists() -> str:
+    """Generate the top-level CMakeLists.txt for ESP-IDF project."""
+    # Get IDF target from ESP32 variant (e.g., ESP32S3 -> esp32s3)
+    variant = get_esp32_variant()
+    idf_target = variant.lower().replace("-", "")
+
+    return f"""\
+# Auto-generated by ESPHome
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
+
+set(IDF_TARGET {idf_target})
+set(EXTRA_COMPONENT_DIRS ${{CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}}/src)
+
+include($ENV{{IDF_PATH}}/tools/cmake/project.cmake)
+project({CORE.name})
+"""
+
+
+def get_component_cmakelists(minimal: bool = False) -> str:
+    """Generate the main component CMakeLists.txt."""
+    idf_requires = [] if minimal else (get_available_components() or [])
+    requires_str = " ".join(idf_requires)
+
+    # Extract compile definitions from build flags (-DXXX -> XXX)
+    compile_defs = [flag[2:] for flag in CORE.build_flags if flag.startswith("-D")]
+    compile_defs_str = "\n    ".join(compile_defs) if compile_defs else ""
+
+    # Extract compile options (-W flags, excluding linker flags)
+    compile_opts = [
+        flag
+        for flag in CORE.build_flags
+        if flag.startswith("-W") and not flag.startswith("-Wl,")
+    ]
+    compile_opts_str = "\n    ".join(compile_opts) if compile_opts else ""
+
+    # Extract linker options (-Wl, flags)
+    link_opts = [flag for flag in CORE.build_flags if flag.startswith("-Wl,")]
+    link_opts_str = "\n    ".join(link_opts) if link_opts else ""
+
+    return f"""\
+# Auto-generated by ESPHome
+file(GLOB_RECURSE app_sources
+    "${{CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}}/*.cpp"
+    "${{CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}}/*.c"
+    "${{CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}}/esphome/*.cpp"
+    "${{CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}}/esphome/*.c"
+)
+
+idf_component_register(
+    SRCS ${{app_sources}}
+    INCLUDE_DIRS "." "esphome"
+    REQUIRES {requires_str}
+)
+
+# Apply C++ standard
+target_compile_features(${{COMPONENT_LIB}} PUBLIC cxx_std_20)
+
+# ESPHome compile definitions
+target_compile_definitions(${{COMPONENT_LIB}} PUBLIC
+    {compile_defs_str}
+)
+
+# ESPHome compile options
+target_compile_options(${{COMPONENT_LIB}} PUBLIC
+    {compile_opts_str}
+)
+
+# ESPHome linker options
+target_link_options(${{COMPONENT_LIB}} PUBLIC
+    {link_opts_str}
+)
+"""
+
+
+def write_project(minimal: bool = False) -> None:
+    """Write ESP-IDF project files."""
+    mkdir_p(CORE.build_path)
+    mkdir_p(CORE.relative_src_path())
+
+    # Write top-level CMakeLists.txt
+    write_file_if_changed(
+        CORE.relative_build_path("CMakeLists.txt"),
+        get_project_cmakelists(),
+    )
+
+    # Write component CMakeLists.txt in src/
+    write_file_if_changed(
+        CORE.relative_src_path("CMakeLists.txt"),
+        get_component_cmakelists(minimal=minimal),
+    )

esphome/codegen.py

@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ from esphome.cpp_types import (  # noqa: F401
     JsonObjectConst,
     Parented,
     PollingComponent,
+    StringRef,
     arduino_json_ns,
     bool_,
     const_char_ptr,

esphome/components/adc/sensor.py

@@ -160,21 +160,21 @@ async def to_code(config):
         zephyr_add_user("io-channels", f"<&adc {channel_id}>")
         zephyr_add_overlay(
             f"""
-&adc {{
+                &adc {{
-    #address-cells = <1>;
+                    #address-cells = <1>;
-    #size-cells = <0>;
+                    #size-cells = <0>;
 
-    channel@{channel_id} {{
+                    channel@{channel_id} {{
-        reg = <{channel_id}>;
+                        reg = <{channel_id}>;
-        zephyr,gain = "{gain}";
+                        zephyr,gain = "{gain}";
-        zephyr,reference = "ADC_REF_INTERNAL";
+                        zephyr,reference = "ADC_REF_INTERNAL";
-        zephyr,acquisition-time = <ADC_ACQ_TIME_DEFAULT>;
+                        zephyr,acquisition-time = <ADC_ACQ_TIME_DEFAULT>;
-        zephyr,input-positive = <NRF_SAADC_{pin_number}>;
+                        zephyr,input-positive = <NRF_SAADC_{pin_number}>;
-        zephyr,resolution = <14>;
+                        zephyr,resolution = <14>;
-        zephyr,oversampling = <8>;
+                        zephyr,oversampling = <8>;
-    }};
+                    }};
-}};
+                }};
-"""
+            """
         )
 
 

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel.cpp

@@ -67,52 +67,29 @@ void AlarmControlPanel::add_on_ready_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback)
   this->ready_callback_.add(std::move(callback));
 }
 
-void AlarmControlPanel::arm_away(optional<std::string> code) {
+void AlarmControlPanel::arm_with_code_(AlarmControlPanelCall &(AlarmControlPanelCall::*arm_method)(),
+                                       const char *code) {
   auto call = this->make_call();
-  call.arm_away();
+  (call.*arm_method)();
-  if (code.has_value())
+  if (code != nullptr)
-    call.set_code(code.value());
+    call.set_code(code);
   call.perform();
 }
 
-void AlarmControlPanel::arm_home(optional<std::string> code) {
+void AlarmControlPanel::arm_away(const char *code) { this->arm_with_code_(&AlarmControlPanelCall::arm_away, code); }
-  auto call = this->make_call();
+
-  call.arm_home();
+void AlarmControlPanel::arm_home(const char *code) { this->arm_with_code_(&AlarmControlPanelCall::arm_home, code); }
-  if (code.has_value())
+
-    call.set_code(code.value());
+void AlarmControlPanel::arm_night(const char *code) { this->arm_with_code_(&AlarmControlPanelCall::arm_night, code); }
-  call.perform();
+
+void AlarmControlPanel::arm_vacation(const char *code) {
+  this->arm_with_code_(&AlarmControlPanelCall::arm_vacation, code);
 }
 
-void AlarmControlPanel::arm_night(optional<std::string> code) {
+void AlarmControlPanel::arm_custom_bypass(const char *code) {
-  auto call = this->make_call();
+  this->arm_with_code_(&AlarmControlPanelCall::arm_custom_bypass, code);
-  call.arm_night();
-  if (code.has_value())
-    call.set_code(code.value());
-  call.perform();
 }
 
-void AlarmControlPanel::arm_vacation(optional<std::string> code) {
+void AlarmControlPanel::disarm(const char *code) { this->arm_with_code_(&AlarmControlPanelCall::disarm, code); }
-  auto call = this->make_call();
-  call.arm_vacation();
-  if (code.has_value())
-    call.set_code(code.value());
-  call.perform();
-}
-
-void AlarmControlPanel::arm_custom_bypass(optional<std::string> code) {
-  auto call = this->make_call();
-  call.arm_custom_bypass();
-  if (code.has_value())
-    call.set_code(code.value());
-  call.perform();
-}
-
-void AlarmControlPanel::disarm(optional<std::string> code) {
-  auto call = this->make_call();
-  call.disarm();
-  if (code.has_value())
-    call.set_code(code.value());
-  call.perform();
-}
 
 }  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel.h

@@ -76,37 +76,53 @@ class AlarmControlPanel : public EntityBase {
    *
    * @param code The code
    */
-  void arm_away(optional<std::string> code = nullopt);
+  void arm_away(const char *code = nullptr);
+  void arm_away(const optional<std::string> &code) {
+    this->arm_away(code.has_value() ? code.value().c_str() : nullptr);
+  }
 
   /** arm the alarm in home mode
    *
    * @param code The code
    */
-  void arm_home(optional<std::string> code = nullopt);
+  void arm_home(const char *code = nullptr);
+  void arm_home(const optional<std::string> &code) {
+    this->arm_home(code.has_value() ? code.value().c_str() : nullptr);
+  }
 
   /** arm the alarm in night mode
    *
    * @param code The code
    */
-  void arm_night(optional<std::string> code = nullopt);
+  void arm_night(const char *code = nullptr);
+  void arm_night(const optional<std::string> &code) {
+    this->arm_night(code.has_value() ? code.value().c_str() : nullptr);
+  }
 
   /** arm the alarm in vacation mode
    *
    * @param code The code
    */
-  void arm_vacation(optional<std::string> code = nullopt);
+  void arm_vacation(const char *code = nullptr);
+  void arm_vacation(const optional<std::string> &code) {
+    this->arm_vacation(code.has_value() ? code.value().c_str() : nullptr);
+  }
 
   /** arm the alarm in custom bypass mode
    *
    * @param code The code
    */
-  void arm_custom_bypass(optional<std::string> code = nullopt);
+  void arm_custom_bypass(const char *code = nullptr);
+  void arm_custom_bypass(const optional<std::string> &code) {
+    this->arm_custom_bypass(code.has_value() ? code.value().c_str() : nullptr);
+  }
 
   /** disarm the alarm
    *
    * @param code The code
    */
-  void disarm(optional<std::string> code = nullopt);
+  void disarm(const char *code = nullptr);
+  void disarm(const optional<std::string> &code) { this->disarm(code.has_value() ? code.value().c_str() : nullptr); }
 
   /** Get the state
    *
@@ -118,6 +134,8 @@ class AlarmControlPanel : public EntityBase {
 
  protected:
   friend AlarmControlPanelCall;
+  // Helper to reduce code duplication for arm/disarm methods
+  void arm_with_code_(AlarmControlPanelCall &(AlarmControlPanelCall::*arm_method)(), const char *code);
   // in order to store last panel state in flash
   ESPPreferenceObject pref_;
   // current state

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel_call.cpp

@@ -10,8 +10,10 @@ static const char *const TAG = "alarm_control_panel";
 
 AlarmControlPanelCall::AlarmControlPanelCall(AlarmControlPanel *parent) : parent_(parent) {}
 
-AlarmControlPanelCall &AlarmControlPanelCall::set_code(const std::string &code) {
+AlarmControlPanelCall &AlarmControlPanelCall::set_code(const char *code) {
-  this->code_ = code;
+  if (code != nullptr) {
+    this->code_ = std::string(code);
+  }
   return *this;
 }
 

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel_call.h

@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ class AlarmControlPanelCall {
  public:
   AlarmControlPanelCall(AlarmControlPanel *parent);
 
-  AlarmControlPanelCall &set_code(const std::string &code);
+  AlarmControlPanelCall &set_code(const char *code);
+  AlarmControlPanelCall &set_code(const std::string &code) { return this->set_code(code.c_str()); }
   AlarmControlPanelCall &arm_away();
   AlarmControlPanelCall &arm_home();
   AlarmControlPanelCall &arm_night();

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/automation.h

@@ -66,15 +66,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ArmAwayAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, code)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->alarm_control_panel_->arm_away(this->code_.optional_value(x...)); }
-    auto call = this->alarm_control_panel_->make_call();
-    auto code = this->code_.optional_value(x...);
-    if (code.has_value()) {
-      call.set_code(code.value());
-    }
-    call.arm_away();
-    call.perform();
-  }
 
  protected:
   AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel_;
@@ -86,15 +78,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ArmHomeAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, code)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->alarm_control_panel_->arm_home(this->code_.optional_value(x...)); }
-    auto call = this->alarm_control_panel_->make_call();
-    auto code = this->code_.optional_value(x...);
-    if (code.has_value()) {
-      call.set_code(code.value());
-    }
-    call.arm_home();
-    call.perform();
-  }
 
  protected:
   AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel_;
@@ -106,15 +90,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ArmNightAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, code)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->alarm_control_panel_->arm_night(this->code_.optional_value(x...)); }
-    auto call = this->alarm_control_panel_->make_call();
-    auto code = this->code_.optional_value(x...);
-    if (code.has_value()) {
-      call.set_code(code.value());
-    }
-    call.arm_night();
-    call.perform();
-  }
 
  protected:
   AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel_;

esphome/components/am43/am43_base.cpp

@@ -1,21 +1,12 @@
 #include "am43_base.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include <cstring>
-#include <cstdio>
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace am43 {
 
 const uint8_t START_PACKET[5] = {0x00, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x9a};
 
-std::string pkt_to_hex(const uint8_t *data, uint16_t len) {
-  char buf[64];
-  memset(buf, 0, 64);
-  for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
-    sprintf(&buf[i * 2], "%02x", data[i]);
-  std::string ret = buf;
-  return ret;
-}
-
 Am43Packet *Am43Encoder::get_battery_level_request() {
   uint8_t data = 0x1;
   return this->encode_(0xA2, &data, 1);
@@ -73,7 +64,9 @@ Am43Packet *Am43Encoder::encode_(uint8_t command, uint8_t *data, uint8_t length)
   memcpy(&this->packet_.data[7], data, length);
   this->packet_.length = length + 7;
   this->checksum_();
-  ESP_LOGV("am43", "ENC(%d): 0x%s", packet_.length, pkt_to_hex(packet_.data, packet_.length).c_str());
+  char hex_buf[format_hex_size(sizeof(this->packet_.data))];
+  ESP_LOGV("am43", "ENC(%d): 0x%s", this->packet_.length,
+           format_hex_to(hex_buf, this->packet_.data, this->packet_.length));
   return &this->packet_;
 }
 
@@ -88,7 +81,8 @@ void Am43Decoder::decode(const uint8_t *data, uint16_t length) {
   this->has_set_state_response_ = false;
   this->has_position_ = false;
   this->has_pin_response_ = false;
-  ESP_LOGV("am43", "DEC(%d): 0x%s", length, pkt_to_hex(data, length).c_str());
+  char hex_buf[format_hex_size(24)];  // Max expected packet size
+  ESP_LOGV("am43", "DEC(%d): 0x%s", length, format_hex_to(hex_buf, data, length));
 
   if (length < 2 || data[0] != 0x9a)
     return;

esphome/components/anova/anova_base.cpp

@@ -18,31 +18,31 @@ AnovaPacket *AnovaCodec::clean_packet_() {
 
 AnovaPacket *AnovaCodec::get_read_device_status_request() {
   this->current_query_ = READ_DEVICE_STATUS;
-  sprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, "%s", CMD_READ_DEVICE_STATUS);
+  snprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, sizeof(this->packet_.data), "%s", CMD_READ_DEVICE_STATUS);
   return this->clean_packet_();
 }
 
 AnovaPacket *AnovaCodec::get_read_target_temp_request() {
   this->current_query_ = READ_TARGET_TEMPERATURE;
-  sprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, "%s", CMD_READ_TARGET_TEMP);
+  snprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, sizeof(this->packet_.data), "%s", CMD_READ_TARGET_TEMP);
   return this->clean_packet_();
 }
 
 AnovaPacket *AnovaCodec::get_read_current_temp_request() {
   this->current_query_ = READ_CURRENT_TEMPERATURE;
-  sprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, "%s", CMD_READ_CURRENT_TEMP);
+  snprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, sizeof(this->packet_.data), "%s", CMD_READ_CURRENT_TEMP);
   return this->clean_packet_();
 }
 
 AnovaPacket *AnovaCodec::get_read_unit_request() {
   this->current_query_ = READ_UNIT;
-  sprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, "%s", CMD_READ_UNIT);
+  snprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, sizeof(this->packet_.data), "%s", CMD_READ_UNIT);
   return this->clean_packet_();
 }
 
 AnovaPacket *AnovaCodec::get_read_data_request() {
   this->current_query_ = READ_DATA;
-  sprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, "%s", CMD_READ_DATA);
+  snprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, sizeof(this->packet_.data), "%s", CMD_READ_DATA);
   return this->clean_packet_();
 }
 
@@ -50,25 +50,25 @@ AnovaPacket *AnovaCodec::get_set_target_temp_request(float temperature) {
   this->current_query_ = SET_TARGET_TEMPERATURE;
   if (this->fahrenheit_)
     temperature = ctof(temperature);
-  sprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, CMD_SET_TARGET_TEMP, temperature);
+  snprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, sizeof(this->packet_.data), CMD_SET_TARGET_TEMP, temperature);
   return this->clean_packet_();
 }
 
 AnovaPacket *AnovaCodec::get_set_unit_request(char unit) {
   this->current_query_ = SET_UNIT;
-  sprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, CMD_SET_TEMP_UNIT, unit);
+  snprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, sizeof(this->packet_.data), CMD_SET_TEMP_UNIT, unit);
   return this->clean_packet_();
 }
 
 AnovaPacket *AnovaCodec::get_start_request() {
   this->current_query_ = START;
-  sprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, CMD_START);
+  snprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, sizeof(this->packet_.data), "%s", CMD_START);
   return this->clean_packet_();
 }
 
 AnovaPacket *AnovaCodec::get_stop_request() {
   this->current_query_ = STOP;
-  sprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, CMD_STOP);
+  snprintf((char *) this->packet_.data, sizeof(this->packet_.data), "%s", CMD_STOP);
   return this->clean_packet_();
 }
 

esphome/components/api/api_connection.cpp

@@ -1715,7 +1715,7 @@ void APIConnection::on_home_assistant_state_response(const HomeAssistantStateRes
     // HA state max length is 255 characters, but attributes can be much longer
     // Use stack buffer for common case (states), heap fallback for large attributes
     size_t state_len = msg.state.size();
-    SmallBufferWithHeapFallback<256> state_buf_alloc(state_len + 1);
+    SmallBufferWithHeapFallback<MAX_STATE_LEN + 1> state_buf_alloc(state_len + 1);
     char *state_buf = reinterpret_cast<char *>(state_buf_alloc.get());
     if (state_len > 0) {
       memcpy(state_buf, msg.state.c_str(), state_len);

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_noise.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
 #include "api_connection.h"  // For ClientInfo struct
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
+#include "esphome/core/entity_base.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
@@ -256,28 +257,30 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::state_action_() {
   }
   if (state_ == State::SERVER_HELLO) {
     // send server hello
-    constexpr size_t mac_len = 13;  // 12 hex chars + null terminator
     const std::string &name = App.get_name();
-    char mac[mac_len];
+    char mac[MAC_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE];
     get_mac_address_into_buffer(mac);
 
     // Calculate positions and sizes
     size_t name_len = name.size() + 1;  // including null terminator
     size_t name_offset = 1;
     size_t mac_offset = name_offset + name_len;
-    size_t total_size = 1 + name_len + mac_len;
+    size_t total_size = 1 + name_len + MAC_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE;
 
-    auto msg = std::make_unique<uint8_t[]>(total_size);
+    // 1 (proto) + name (max ESPHOME_DEVICE_NAME_MAX_LEN) + 1 (name null)
+    // + mac (MAC_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE - 1) + 1 (mac null)
+    constexpr size_t max_msg_size = 1 + ESPHOME_DEVICE_NAME_MAX_LEN + 1 + MAC_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE;
+    uint8_t msg[max_msg_size];
 
     // chosen proto
     msg[0] = 0x01;
 
     // node name, terminated by null byte
-    std::memcpy(msg.get() + name_offset, name.c_str(), name_len);
+    std::memcpy(msg + name_offset, name.c_str(), name_len);
     // node mac, terminated by null byte
-    std::memcpy(msg.get() + mac_offset, mac, mac_len);
+    std::memcpy(msg + mac_offset, mac, MAC_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE);
 
-    aerr = write_frame_(msg.get(), total_size);
+    aerr = write_frame_(msg, total_size);
     if (aerr != APIError::OK)
       return aerr;
 
@@ -353,35 +356,32 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::state_action_() {
   return APIError::OK;
 }
 void APINoiseFrameHelper::send_explicit_handshake_reject_(const LogString *reason) {
+  // Max reject message: "Bad handshake packet len" (24) + 1 (failure byte) = 25 bytes
+  uint8_t data[32];
+  data[0] = 0x01;  // failure
+
 #ifdef USE_STORE_LOG_STR_IN_FLASH
   // On ESP8266 with flash strings, we need to use PROGMEM-aware functions
   size_t reason_len = strlen_P(reinterpret_cast<PGM_P>(reason));
-  size_t data_size = reason_len + 1;
-  auto data = std::make_unique<uint8_t[]>(data_size);
-  data[0] = 0x01;  // failure
-
-  // Copy error message from PROGMEM
   if (reason_len > 0) {
-    memcpy_P(data.get() + 1, reinterpret_cast<PGM_P>(reason), reason_len);
+    memcpy_P(data + 1, reinterpret_cast<PGM_P>(reason), reason_len);
   }
 #else
   // Normal memory access
   const char *reason_str = LOG_STR_ARG(reason);
   size_t reason_len = strlen(reason_str);
-  size_t data_size = reason_len + 1;
-  auto data = std::make_unique<uint8_t[]>(data_size);
-  data[0] = 0x01;  // failure
-
-  // Copy error message in bulk
   if (reason_len > 0) {
-    std::memcpy(data.get() + 1, reason_str, reason_len);
+    // NOLINTNEXTLINE(bugprone-not-null-terminated-result) - binary protocol, not a C string
+    std::memcpy(data + 1, reason_str, reason_len);
   }
 #endif
 
+  size_t data_size = reason_len + 1;
+
   // temporarily remove failed state
   auto orig_state = state_;
   state_ = State::EXPLICIT_REJECT;
-  write_frame_(data.get(), data_size);
+  write_frame_(data, data_size);
   state_ = orig_state;
 }
 APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::read_packet(ReadPacketBuffer *buffer) {

esphome/components/async_tcp/__init__.py

@@ -38,8 +38,10 @@ async def to_code(config):
         # https://github.com/ESP32Async/ESPAsyncTCP
         cg.add_library("ESP32Async/ESPAsyncTCP", "2.0.0")
     elif CORE.is_rp2040:
-        # https://github.com/khoih-prog/AsyncTCP_RP2040W
+        # https://github.com/ayushsharma82/RPAsyncTCP
-        cg.add_library("khoih-prog/AsyncTCP_RP2040W", "1.2.0")
+        # RPAsyncTCP is a drop-in replacement for AsyncTCP_RP2040W with better
+        # ESPAsyncWebServer compatibility
+        cg.add_library("ayushsharma82/RPAsyncTCP", "1.3.2")
     # Other platforms (host, etc) use socket-based implementation
 
 

esphome/components/async_tcp/async_tcp.h

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@
 // Use ESPAsyncTCP library for ESP8266 (always Arduino)
 #include <ESPAsyncTCP.h>
 #elif defined(USE_RP2040)
-// Use AsyncTCP_RP2040W library for RP2040
+// Use RPAsyncTCP library for RP2040
-#include <AsyncTCP_RP2040W.h>
+#include <RPAsyncTCP.h>
 #else
 // Use socket-based implementation for other platforms
 #include "async_tcp_socket.h"

esphome/components/atm90e32/atm90e32.cpp

@@ -108,10 +108,14 @@ void ATM90E32Component::update() {
 #endif
 }
 
+void ATM90E32Component::get_cs_summary_(std::span<char, GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN> buffer) {
+  this->cs_->dump_summary(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+}
+
 void ATM90E32Component::setup() {
   this->spi_setup();
-  this->cs_summary_ = this->cs_->dump_summary();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
 
   uint16_t mmode0 = 0x87;  // 3P4W 50Hz
   uint16_t high_thresh = 0;
@@ -158,12 +162,14 @@ void ATM90E32Component::setup() {
 
   if (this->enable_offset_calibration_) {
     // Initialize flash storage for offset calibrations
-    uint32_t o_hash = fnv1_hash(std::string("_offset_calibration_") + this->cs_summary_);
+    uint32_t o_hash = fnv1_hash("_offset_calibration_");
+    o_hash = fnv1_hash_extend(o_hash, cs);
     this->offset_pref_ = global_preferences->make_preference<OffsetCalibration[3]>(o_hash, true);
     this->restore_offset_calibrations_();
 
     // Initialize flash storage for power offset calibrations
-    uint32_t po_hash = fnv1_hash(std::string("_power_offset_calibration_") + this->cs_summary_);
+    uint32_t po_hash = fnv1_hash("_power_offset_calibration_");
+    po_hash = fnv1_hash_extend(po_hash, cs);
     this->power_offset_pref_ = global_preferences->make_preference<PowerOffsetCalibration[3]>(po_hash, true);
     this->restore_power_offset_calibrations_();
   } else {
@@ -183,7 +189,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::setup() {
 
   if (this->enable_gain_calibration_) {
     // Initialize flash storage for gain calibration
-    uint32_t g_hash = fnv1_hash(std::string("_gain_calibration_") + this->cs_summary_);
+    uint32_t g_hash = fnv1_hash("_gain_calibration_");
+    g_hash = fnv1_hash_extend(g_hash, cs);
     this->gain_calibration_pref_ = global_preferences->make_preference<GainCalibration[3]>(g_hash, true);
     this->restore_gain_calibrations_();
 
@@ -214,7 +221,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::setup() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::log_calibration_status_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
 
   bool offset_mismatch = false;
   bool power_mismatch = false;
@@ -565,7 +573,8 @@ float ATM90E32Component::get_chip_temperature_() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::run_gain_calibrations() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   if (!this->enable_gain_calibration_) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[CALIBRATION][%s] Gain calibration is disabled! Enable it first with enable_gain_calibration: true",
              cs);
@@ -665,7 +674,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::run_gain_calibrations() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::save_gain_calibration_to_memory_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   bool success = this->gain_calibration_pref_.save(&this->gain_phase_);
   global_preferences->sync();
   if (success) {
@@ -678,7 +688,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::save_gain_calibration_to_memory_() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::save_offset_calibration_to_memory_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   bool success = this->offset_pref_.save(&this->offset_phase_);
   global_preferences->sync();
   if (success) {
@@ -694,7 +705,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::save_offset_calibration_to_memory_() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::save_power_offset_calibration_to_memory_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   bool success = this->power_offset_pref_.save(&this->power_offset_phase_);
   global_preferences->sync();
   if (success) {
@@ -710,7 +722,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::save_power_offset_calibration_to_memory_() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::run_offset_calibrations() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   if (!this->enable_offset_calibration_) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG,
              "[CALIBRATION][%s] Offset calibration is disabled! Enable it first with enable_offset_calibration: true",
@@ -740,7 +753,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::run_offset_calibrations() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::run_power_offset_calibrations() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   if (!this->enable_offset_calibration_) {
     ESP_LOGW(
         TAG,
@@ -813,7 +827,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::write_power_offsets_to_registers_(uint8_t phase, int16_t
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::restore_gain_calibrations_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
     this->config_gain_phase_[i].voltage_gain = this->phase_[i].voltage_gain_;
     this->config_gain_phase_[i].current_gain = this->phase_[i].ct_gain_;
@@ -867,7 +882,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::restore_gain_calibrations_() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::restore_offset_calibrations_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
     this->config_offset_phase_[i] = this->offset_phase_[i];
 
@@ -909,7 +925,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::restore_offset_calibrations_() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::restore_power_offset_calibrations_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
     this->config_power_offset_phase_[i] = this->power_offset_phase_[i];
 
@@ -951,7 +968,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::restore_power_offset_calibrations_() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::clear_gain_calibrations() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   if (!this->using_saved_calibrations_) {
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[CALIBRATION][%s] No stored gain calibrations to clear. Current values:", cs);
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[CALIBRATION][%s] ----------------------------------------------------------", cs);
@@ -1000,7 +1018,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::clear_gain_calibrations() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::clear_offset_calibrations() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   if (!this->restored_offset_calibration_) {
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[CALIBRATION][%s] No stored offset calibrations to clear. Current values:", cs);
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[CALIBRATION][%s] --------------------------------------------------------------", cs);
@@ -1042,7 +1061,8 @@ void ATM90E32Component::clear_offset_calibrations() {
 }
 
 void ATM90E32Component::clear_power_offset_calibrations() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   if (!this->restored_power_offset_calibration_) {
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[CALIBRATION][%s] No stored power offsets to clear. Current values:", cs);
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[CALIBRATION][%s] ---------------------------------------------------------------------", cs);
@@ -1117,7 +1137,8 @@ int16_t ATM90E32Component::calibrate_power_offset(uint8_t phase, bool reactive)
 }
 
 bool ATM90E32Component::verify_gain_writes_() {
-  const char *cs = this->cs_summary_.c_str();
+  char cs[GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN];
+  this->get_cs_summary_(cs);
   bool success = true;
   for (uint8_t phase = 0; phase < 3; phase++) {
     uint16_t read_voltage = this->read16_(voltage_gain_registers[phase]);

esphome/components/atm90e32/atm90e32.h

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <span>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include "atm90e32_reg.h"
 #include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
 #include "esphome/components/spi/spi.h"
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
+#include "esphome/core/gpio.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/preferences.h"
 
@@ -182,6 +184,7 @@ class ATM90E32Component : public PollingComponent,
   bool verify_gain_writes_();
   bool validate_spi_read_(uint16_t expected, const char *context = nullptr);
   void log_calibration_status_();
+  void get_cs_summary_(std::span<char, GPIO_SUMMARY_MAX_LEN> buffer);
 
   struct ATM90E32Phase {
     uint16_t voltage_gain_{0};
@@ -247,7 +250,6 @@ class ATM90E32Component : public PollingComponent,
   ESPPreferenceObject offset_pref_;
   ESPPreferenceObject power_offset_pref_;
   ESPPreferenceObject gain_calibration_pref_;
-  std::string cs_summary_;
 
   sensor::Sensor *freq_sensor_{nullptr};
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR

esphome/components/audio/__init__.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components.esp32 import add_idf_component
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_BITS_PER_SAMPLE, CONF_NUM_CHANNELS, CONF_SAMPLE_RATE
 import esphome.final_validate as fv
@@ -165,4 +166,7 @@ def final_validate_audio_schema(
 
 
 async def to_code(config):
-    cg.add_library("esphome/esp-audio-libs", "2.0.1")
+    add_idf_component(
+        name="esphome/esp-audio-libs",
+        ref="2.0.3",
+    )

esphome/components/audio/audio_decoder.cpp

@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ FileDecoderState AudioDecoder::decode_mp3_() {
 
   // Advance read pointer to match the offset for the syncword
   this->input_transfer_buffer_->decrease_buffer_length(offset);
-  uint8_t *buffer_start = this->input_transfer_buffer_->get_buffer_start();
+  const uint8_t *buffer_start = this->input_transfer_buffer_->get_buffer_start();
 
   buffer_length = (int) this->input_transfer_buffer_->available();
   int err = esp_audio_libs::helix_decoder::MP3Decode(this->mp3_decoder_, &buffer_start, &buffer_length,

esphome/components/audio/audio_reader.cpp

@@ -185,18 +185,16 @@ esp_err_t AudioReader::start(const std::string &uri, AudioFileType &file_type) {
       return err;
     }
 
-    std::string url_string = str_lower_case(url);
+    if (str_endswith_ignore_case(url, ".wav")) {
-
-    if (str_endswith(url_string, ".wav")) {
       file_type = AudioFileType::WAV;
     }
 #ifdef USE_AUDIO_MP3_SUPPORT
-    else if (str_endswith(url_string, ".mp3")) {
+    else if (str_endswith_ignore_case(url, ".mp3")) {
       file_type = AudioFileType::MP3;
     }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_AUDIO_FLAC_SUPPORT
-    else if (str_endswith(url_string, ".flac")) {
+    else if (str_endswith_ignore_case(url, ".flac")) {
       file_type = AudioFileType::FLAC;
     }
 #endif

esphome/components/binary_sensor/binary_sensor.cpp

@@ -14,10 +14,7 @@ void log_binary_sensor(const char *tag, const char *prefix, const char *type, Bi
   }
 
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "%s%s '%s'", prefix, type, obj->get_name().c_str());
-
+  LOG_ENTITY_DEVICE_CLASS(tag, prefix, *obj);
-  if (!obj->get_device_class_ref().empty()) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "%s  Device Class: '%s'", prefix, obj->get_device_class_ref().c_str());
-  }
 }
 
 void BinarySensor::publish_state(bool new_state) {

esphome/components/bl0940/number/calibration_number.cpp

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ static const char *const TAG = "bl0940.number";
 void CalibrationNumber::setup() {
   float value = 0.0f;
   if (this->restore_value_) {
-    this->pref_ = global_preferences->make_preference<float>(this->get_preference_hash());
+    this->pref_ = this->make_entity_preference<float>();
     if (!this->pref_.load(&value)) {
       value = 0.0f;
     }

esphome/components/bluetooth_proxy/bluetooth_connection.cpp

@@ -135,8 +135,8 @@ void BluetoothConnection::loop() {
   // - For V3_WITH_CACHE: Services are never sent, disable after INIT state
   // - For V3_WITHOUT_CACHE: Disable only after service discovery is complete
   //   (send_service_ == DONE_SENDING_SERVICES, which is only set after services are sent)
-  if (this->state_ != espbt::ClientState::INIT && (this->connection_type_ == espbt::ConnectionType::V3_WITH_CACHE ||
+  if (this->state() != espbt::ClientState::INIT && (this->connection_type_ == espbt::ConnectionType::V3_WITH_CACHE ||
-                                                   this->send_service_ == DONE_SENDING_SERVICES)) {
+                                                    this->send_service_ == DONE_SENDING_SERVICES)) {
     this->disable_loop();
   }
 }

esphome/components/bmp581/sensor.py

@@ -1,164 +1,5 @@
-import math
-
-import esphome.codegen as cg
-from esphome.components import i2c, sensor
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import (
+
-    CONF_ID,
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.invalid(
-    CONF_IIR_FILTER,
+    "The bmp581 sensor component has been renamed to bmp581_i2c."
-    CONF_OVERSAMPLING,
-    CONF_PRESSURE,
-    CONF_TEMPERATURE,
-    DEVICE_CLASS_ATMOSPHERIC_PRESSURE,
-    DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
-    STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
-    UNIT_CELSIUS,
-    UNIT_PASCAL,
 )
-
-CODEOWNERS = ["@kahrendt"]
-DEPENDENCIES = ["i2c"]
-
-bmp581_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("bmp581")
-
-Oversampling = bmp581_ns.enum("Oversampling")
-OVERSAMPLING_OPTIONS = {
-    "NONE": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_NONE,
-    "2X": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_X2,
-    "4X": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_X4,
-    "8X": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_X8,
-    "16X": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_X16,
-    "32X": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_X32,
-    "64X": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_X64,
-    "128X": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_X128,
-}
-
-IIRFilter = bmp581_ns.enum("IIRFilter")
-IIR_FILTER_OPTIONS = {
-    "OFF": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_OFF,
-    "2X": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_2,
-    "4X": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_4,
-    "8X": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_8,
-    "16X": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_16,
-    "32X": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_32,
-    "64X": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_64,
-    "128X": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_128,
-}
-
-BMP581Component = bmp581_ns.class_(
-    "BMP581Component", cg.PollingComponent, i2c.I2CDevice
-)
-
-
-def compute_measurement_conversion_time(config):
-    # - adds up sensor conversion time based on temperature and pressure oversampling rates given in datasheet
-    # - returns a rounded up time in ms
-
-    # Page 12 of datasheet
-    PRESSURE_OVERSAMPLING_CONVERSION_TIMES = {
-        "NONE": 1.0,
-        "2X": 1.7,
-        "4X": 2.9,
-        "8X": 5.4,
-        "16X": 10.4,
-        "32X": 20.4,
-        "64X": 40.4,
-        "128X": 80.4,
-    }
-
-    # Page 12 of datasheet
-    TEMPERATURE_OVERSAMPLING_CONVERSION_TIMES = {
-        "NONE": 1.0,
-        "2X": 1.1,
-        "4X": 1.5,
-        "8X": 2.1,
-        "16X": 3.3,
-        "32X": 5.8,
-        "64X": 10.8,
-        "128X": 20.8,
-    }
-
-    pressure_conversion_time = (
-        0.0  # No conversion time necessary without a pressure sensor
-    )
-    if pressure_config := config.get(CONF_PRESSURE):
-        pressure_conversion_time = PRESSURE_OVERSAMPLING_CONVERSION_TIMES[
-            pressure_config.get(CONF_OVERSAMPLING)
-        ]
-
-    temperature_conversion_time = (
-        1.0  # BMP581 always samples the temperature even if only reading pressure
-    )
-    if temperature_config := config.get(CONF_TEMPERATURE):
-        temperature_conversion_time = TEMPERATURE_OVERSAMPLING_CONVERSION_TIMES[
-            temperature_config.get(CONF_OVERSAMPLING)
-        ]
-
-    # Datasheet indicates a 5% possible error in each conversion time listed
-    return math.ceil(1.05 * (pressure_conversion_time + temperature_conversion_time))
-
-
-CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
-    cv.Schema(
-        {
-            cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(BMP581Component),
-            cv.Optional(CONF_TEMPERATURE): sensor.sensor_schema(
-                unit_of_measurement=UNIT_CELSIUS,
-                accuracy_decimals=1,
-                device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
-                state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
-            ).extend(
-                {
-                    cv.Optional(CONF_OVERSAMPLING, default="NONE"): cv.enum(
-                        OVERSAMPLING_OPTIONS, upper=True
-                    ),
-                    cv.Optional(CONF_IIR_FILTER, default="OFF"): cv.enum(
-                        IIR_FILTER_OPTIONS, upper=True
-                    ),
-                }
-            ),
-            cv.Optional(CONF_PRESSURE): sensor.sensor_schema(
-                unit_of_measurement=UNIT_PASCAL,
-                accuracy_decimals=0,
-                device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_ATMOSPHERIC_PRESSURE,
-                state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
-            ).extend(
-                {
-                    cv.Optional(CONF_OVERSAMPLING, default="16X"): cv.enum(
-                        OVERSAMPLING_OPTIONS, upper=True
-                    ),
-                    cv.Optional(CONF_IIR_FILTER, default="OFF"): cv.enum(
-                        IIR_FILTER_OPTIONS, upper=True
-                    ),
-                }
-            ),
-        }
-    )
-    .extend(cv.polling_component_schema("60s"))
-    .extend(i2c.i2c_device_schema(0x46))
-)
-
-
-async def to_code(config):
-    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
-    await cg.register_component(var, config)
-    await i2c.register_i2c_device(var, config)
-    if temperature_config := config.get(CONF_TEMPERATURE):
-        sens = await sensor.new_sensor(temperature_config)
-        cg.add(var.set_temperature_sensor(sens))
-        cg.add(
-            var.set_temperature_oversampling_config(
-                temperature_config[CONF_OVERSAMPLING]
-            )
-        )
-        cg.add(
-            var.set_temperature_iir_filter_config(temperature_config[CONF_IIR_FILTER])
-        )
-
-    if pressure_config := config.get(CONF_PRESSURE):
-        sens = await sensor.new_sensor(pressure_config)
-        cg.add(var.set_pressure_sensor(sens))
-        cg.add(var.set_pressure_oversampling_config(pressure_config[CONF_OVERSAMPLING]))
-        cg.add(var.set_pressure_iir_filter_config(pressure_config[CONF_IIR_FILTER]))
-
-    cg.add(var.set_conversion_time(compute_measurement_conversion_time(config)))

esphome/components/bmp581_base/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+import math
+
+import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components import sensor
+import esphome.config_validation as cv
+from esphome.const import (
+    CONF_ID,
+    CONF_IIR_FILTER,
+    CONF_OVERSAMPLING,
+    CONF_PRESSURE,
+    CONF_TEMPERATURE,
+    DEVICE_CLASS_ATMOSPHERIC_PRESSURE,
+    DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
+    STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+    UNIT_CELSIUS,
+    UNIT_PASCAL,
+)
+
+CODEOWNERS = ["@kahrendt", "@danielkent-net"]
+
+bmp581_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("bmp581_base")
+
+Oversampling = bmp581_ns.enum("Oversampling")
+OVERSAMPLING_OPTIONS = {
+    "NONE": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_NONE,
+    "2X": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_X2,
+    "4X": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_X4,
+    "8X": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_X8,
+    "16X": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_X16,
+    "32X": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_X32,
+    "64X": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_X64,
+    "128X": Oversampling.OVERSAMPLING_X128,
+}
+
+IIRFilter = bmp581_ns.enum("IIRFilter")
+IIR_FILTER_OPTIONS = {
+    "OFF": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_OFF,
+    "2X": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_2,
+    "4X": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_4,
+    "8X": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_8,
+    "16X": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_16,
+    "32X": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_32,
+    "64X": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_64,
+    "128X": IIRFilter.IIR_FILTER_128,
+}
+
+BMP581Component = bmp581_ns.class_("BMP581Component", cg.PollingComponent)
+
+
+def compute_measurement_conversion_time(config):
+    # - adds up sensor conversion time based on temperature and pressure oversampling rates given in datasheet
+    # - returns a rounded up time in ms
+
+    # Page 12 of datasheet
+    PRESSURE_OVERSAMPLING_CONVERSION_TIMES = {
+        "NONE": 1.0,
+        "2X": 1.7,
+        "4X": 2.9,
+        "8X": 5.4,
+        "16X": 10.4,
+        "32X": 20.4,
+        "64X": 40.4,
+        "128X": 80.4,
+    }
+
+    # Page 12 of datasheet
+    TEMPERATURE_OVERSAMPLING_CONVERSION_TIMES = {
+        "NONE": 1.0,
+        "2X": 1.1,
+        "4X": 1.5,
+        "8X": 2.1,
+        "16X": 3.3,
+        "32X": 5.8,
+        "64X": 10.8,
+        "128X": 20.8,
+    }
+
+    pressure_conversion_time = (
+        0.0  # No conversion time necessary without a pressure sensor
+    )
+    if pressure_config := config.get(CONF_PRESSURE):
+        pressure_conversion_time = PRESSURE_OVERSAMPLING_CONVERSION_TIMES[
+            pressure_config.get(CONF_OVERSAMPLING)
+        ]
+
+    temperature_conversion_time = (
+        1.0  # BMP581 always samples the temperature even if only reading pressure
+    )
+    if temperature_config := config.get(CONF_TEMPERATURE):
+        temperature_conversion_time = TEMPERATURE_OVERSAMPLING_CONVERSION_TIMES[
+            temperature_config.get(CONF_OVERSAMPLING)
+        ]
+
+    # Datasheet indicates a 5% possible error in each conversion time listed
+    return math.ceil(1.05 * (pressure_conversion_time + temperature_conversion_time))
+
+
+CONFIG_SCHEMA_BASE = cv.Schema(
+    {
+        cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(BMP581Component),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_TEMPERATURE): sensor.sensor_schema(
+            unit_of_measurement=UNIT_CELSIUS,
+            accuracy_decimals=1,
+            device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
+            state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+        ).extend(
+            {
+                cv.Optional(CONF_OVERSAMPLING, default="NONE"): cv.enum(
+                    OVERSAMPLING_OPTIONS, upper=True
+                ),
+                cv.Optional(CONF_IIR_FILTER, default="OFF"): cv.enum(
+                    IIR_FILTER_OPTIONS, upper=True
+                ),
+            }
+        ),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_PRESSURE): sensor.sensor_schema(
+            unit_of_measurement=UNIT_PASCAL,
+            accuracy_decimals=0,
+            device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_ATMOSPHERIC_PRESSURE,
+            state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+        ).extend(
+            {
+                cv.Optional(CONF_OVERSAMPLING, default="16X"): cv.enum(
+                    OVERSAMPLING_OPTIONS, upper=True
+                ),
+                cv.Optional(CONF_IIR_FILTER, default="OFF"): cv.enum(
+                    IIR_FILTER_OPTIONS, upper=True
+                ),
+            }
+        ),
+    }
+).extend(cv.polling_component_schema("60s"))
+
+
+async def to_code_base(config):
+    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
+    await cg.register_component(var, config)
+    if temperature_config := config.get(CONF_TEMPERATURE):
+        sens = await sensor.new_sensor(temperature_config)
+        cg.add(var.set_temperature_sensor(sens))
+        cg.add(
+            var.set_temperature_oversampling_config(
+                temperature_config[CONF_OVERSAMPLING]
+            )
+        )
+        cg.add(
+            var.set_temperature_iir_filter_config(temperature_config[CONF_IIR_FILTER])
+        )
+
+    if pressure_config := config.get(CONF_PRESSURE):
+        sens = await sensor.new_sensor(pressure_config)
+        cg.add(var.set_pressure_sensor(sens))
+        cg.add(var.set_pressure_oversampling_config(pressure_config[CONF_OVERSAMPLING]))
+        cg.add(var.set_pressure_iir_filter_config(pressure_config[CONF_IIR_FILTER]))
+
+    cg.add(var.set_conversion_time(compute_measurement_conversion_time(config)))
+    return var

esphome/components/bmp581_base/bmp581_base.cpp

@@ -10,12 +10,11 @@
  *  - All datasheet page references refer to Bosch Document Number BST-BMP581-DS004-04 (revision number 1.4)
  */
 
-#include "bmp581.h"
+#include "bmp581_base.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
+namespace esphome::bmp581_base {
-namespace bmp581 {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "bmp581";
 
@@ -91,7 +90,6 @@ void BMP581Component::dump_config() {
       break;
   }
 
-  LOG_I2C_DEVICE(this);
   LOG_UPDATE_INTERVAL(this);
 
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Measurement conversion time: %ums", this->conversion_time_);
@@ -149,7 +147,7 @@ void BMP581Component::setup() {
   uint8_t chip_id;
 
   // read chip id from sensor
-  if (!this->read_byte(BMP581_CHIP_ID, &chip_id)) {
+  if (!this->bmp_read_byte(BMP581_CHIP_ID, &chip_id)) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Read chip ID failed");
 
     this->error_code_ = ERROR_COMMUNICATION_FAILED;
@@ -172,7 +170,7 @@ void BMP581Component::setup() {
   // 3) Verify sensor status (check if NVM is okay) //
   ////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-  if (!this->read_byte(BMP581_STATUS, &this->status_.reg)) {
+  if (!this->bmp_read_byte(BMP581_STATUS, &this->status_.reg)) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to read status register");
 
     this->error_code_ = ERROR_COMMUNICATION_FAILED;
@@ -359,7 +357,7 @@ bool BMP581Component::check_data_readiness_() {
 
   uint8_t status;
 
-  if (!this->read_byte(BMP581_INT_STATUS, &status)) {
+  if (!this->bmp_read_byte(BMP581_INT_STATUS, &status)) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to read interrupt status register");
     return false;
   }
@@ -400,7 +398,7 @@ bool BMP581Component::prime_iir_filter_() {
 
   // flush the IIR filter with forced measurements (we will only flush once)
   this->dsp_config_.bit.iir_flush_forced_en = true;
-  if (!this->write_byte(BMP581_DSP, this->dsp_config_.reg)) {
+  if (!this->bmp_write_byte(BMP581_DSP, this->dsp_config_.reg)) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to write IIR source register");
 
     return false;
@@ -430,7 +428,7 @@ bool BMP581Component::prime_iir_filter_() {
 
   // disable IIR filter flushings on future forced measurements
   this->dsp_config_.bit.iir_flush_forced_en = false;
-  if (!this->write_byte(BMP581_DSP, this->dsp_config_.reg)) {
+  if (!this->bmp_write_byte(BMP581_DSP, this->dsp_config_.reg)) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to write IIR source register");
 
     return false;
@@ -454,7 +452,7 @@ bool BMP581Component::read_temperature_(float &temperature) {
   }
 
   uint8_t data[3];
-  if (!this->read_bytes(BMP581_MEASUREMENT_DATA, &data[0], 3)) {
+  if (!this->bmp_read_bytes(BMP581_MEASUREMENT_DATA, &data[0], 3)) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Failed to read measurement");
     this->status_set_warning();
 
@@ -483,7 +481,7 @@ bool BMP581Component::read_temperature_and_pressure_(float &temperature, float &
   }
 
   uint8_t data[6];
-  if (!this->read_bytes(BMP581_MEASUREMENT_DATA, &data[0], 6)) {
+  if (!this->bmp_read_bytes(BMP581_MEASUREMENT_DATA, &data[0], 6)) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Failed to read measurement");
     this->status_set_warning();
 
@@ -507,7 +505,7 @@ bool BMP581Component::reset_() {
   // - returns the Power-On-Reboot interrupt status, which is asserted if successful
 
   // writes reset command to BMP's command register
-  if (!this->write_byte(BMP581_COMMAND, RESET_COMMAND)) {
+  if (!this->bmp_write_byte(BMP581_COMMAND, RESET_COMMAND)) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to write reset command");
 
     return false;
@@ -518,7 +516,7 @@ bool BMP581Component::reset_() {
   delay(3);
 
   // read interrupt status register
-  if (!this->read_byte(BMP581_INT_STATUS, &this->int_status_.reg)) {
+  if (!this->bmp_read_byte(BMP581_INT_STATUS, &this->int_status_.reg)) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to read interrupt status register");
 
     return false;
@@ -562,7 +560,7 @@ bool BMP581Component::write_iir_settings_(IIRFilter temperature_iir, IIRFilter p
   // BMP581_DSP register and BMP581_DSP_IIR registers are successive
   //  - allows us to write the IIR configuration with one command to both registers
   uint8_t register_data[2] = {this->dsp_config_.reg, this->iir_config_.reg};
-  return this->write_bytes(BMP581_DSP, register_data, sizeof(register_data));
+  return this->bmp_write_bytes(BMP581_DSP, register_data, sizeof(register_data));
 }
 
 bool BMP581Component::write_interrupt_source_settings_(bool data_ready_enable) {
@@ -572,7 +570,7 @@ bool BMP581Component::write_interrupt_source_settings_(bool data_ready_enable) {
   this->int_source_.bit.drdy_data_reg_en = data_ready_enable;
 
   // write interrupt source register
-  return this->write_byte(BMP581_INT_SOURCE, this->int_source_.reg);
+  return this->bmp_write_byte(BMP581_INT_SOURCE, this->int_source_.reg);
 }
 
 bool BMP581Component::write_oversampling_settings_(Oversampling temperature_oversampling,
@@ -583,7 +581,7 @@ bool BMP581Component::write_oversampling_settings_(Oversampling temperature_over
   this->osr_config_.bit.osr_t = temperature_oversampling;
   this->osr_config_.bit.osr_p = pressure_oversampling;
 
-  return this->write_byte(BMP581_OSR, this->osr_config_.reg);
+  return this->bmp_write_byte(BMP581_OSR, this->osr_config_.reg);
 }
 
 bool BMP581Component::write_power_mode_(OperationMode mode) {
@@ -593,8 +591,7 @@ bool BMP581Component::write_power_mode_(OperationMode mode) {
   this->odr_config_.bit.pwr_mode = mode;
 
   // write odr register
-  return this->write_byte(BMP581_ODR, this->odr_config_.reg);
+  return this->bmp_write_byte(BMP581_ODR, this->odr_config_.reg);
 }
 
-}  // namespace bmp581
+}  // namespace esphome::bmp581_base
-}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/bmp581_base/bmp581_base.h

@@ -3,11 +3,9 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
-#include "esphome/components/i2c/i2c.h"
 #include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
+namespace esphome::bmp581_base {
-namespace bmp581 {
 
 static const uint8_t BMP581_ASIC_ID = 0x50;  // BMP581's ASIC chip ID (page 51 of datasheet)
 static const uint8_t RESET_COMMAND = 0xB6;   // Soft reset command
@@ -59,7 +57,7 @@ enum IIRFilter {
   IIR_FILTER_128 = 0x7
 };
 
-class BMP581Component : public PollingComponent, public i2c::I2CDevice {
+class BMP581Component : public PollingComponent {
  public:
   void dump_config() override;
 
@@ -84,6 +82,11 @@ class BMP581Component : public PollingComponent, public i2c::I2CDevice {
   void set_conversion_time(uint8_t conversion_time) { this->conversion_time_ = conversion_time; }
 
  protected:
+  virtual bool bmp_read_byte(uint8_t a_register, uint8_t *data) = 0;
+  virtual bool bmp_write_byte(uint8_t a_register, uint8_t data) = 0;
+  virtual bool bmp_read_bytes(uint8_t a_register, uint8_t *data, size_t len) = 0;
+  virtual bool bmp_write_bytes(uint8_t a_register, uint8_t *data, size_t len) = 0;
+
   sensor::Sensor *temperature_sensor_{nullptr};
   sensor::Sensor *pressure_sensor_{nullptr};
 
@@ -216,5 +219,4 @@ class BMP581Component : public PollingComponent, public i2c::I2CDevice {
   } odr_config_ = {.reg = 0};
 };
 
-}  // namespace bmp581
+}  // namespace esphome::bmp581_base
-}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/bmp581_i2c/bmp581_i2c.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#include "bmp581_i2c.h"
+#include "esphome/core/hal.h"
+#include "esphome/core/log.h"
+
+namespace esphome::bmp581_i2c {
+
+void BMP581I2CComponent::dump_config() {
+  LOG_I2C_DEVICE(this);
+  BMP581Component::dump_config();
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::bmp581_i2c

esphome/components/bmp581_i2c/bmp581_i2c.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/bmp581_base/bmp581_base.h"
+#include "esphome/components/i2c/i2c.h"
+
+namespace esphome::bmp581_i2c {
+
+static const char *const TAG = "bmp581_i2c.sensor";
+
+/// This class implements support for the BMP581 Temperature+Pressure i2c sensor.
+class BMP581I2CComponent : public esphome::bmp581_base::BMP581Component, public i2c::I2CDevice {
+ public:
+  bool bmp_read_byte(uint8_t a_register, uint8_t *data) override { return read_byte(a_register, data); }
+  bool bmp_write_byte(uint8_t a_register, uint8_t data) override { return write_byte(a_register, data); }
+  bool bmp_read_bytes(uint8_t a_register, uint8_t *data, size_t len) override {
+    return read_bytes(a_register, data, len);
+  }
+  bool bmp_write_bytes(uint8_t a_register, uint8_t *data, size_t len) override {
+    return write_bytes(a_register, data, len);
+  }
+  void dump_config() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::bmp581_i2c

esphome/components/bmp581_i2c/sensor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components import i2c
+import esphome.config_validation as cv
+
+from ..bmp581_base import CONFIG_SCHEMA_BASE, to_code_base
+
+AUTO_LOAD = ["bmp581_base"]
+CODEOWNERS = ["@kahrendt", "@danielkent-net"]
+DEPENDENCIES = ["i2c"]
+
+bmp581_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("bmp581_i2c")
+BMP581I2CComponent = bmp581_ns.class_(
+    "BMP581I2CComponent", cg.PollingComponent, i2c.I2CDevice
+)
+
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = CONFIG_SCHEMA_BASE.extend(
+    i2c.i2c_device_schema(default_address=0x46)
+).extend({cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(BMP581I2CComponent)})
+
+
+async def to_code(config):
+    var = await to_code_base(config)
+    await i2c.register_i2c_device(var, config)

esphome/components/bthome_mithermometer/__init__.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import esp32_ble_tracker
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_ID, CONF_MAC_ADDRESS
+from esphome.const import CONF_BINDKEY, CONF_ID, CONF_MAC_ADDRESS
+from esphome.core import HexInt
 
 CODEOWNERS = ["@nagyrobi"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["esp32_ble_tracker"]
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ def bthome_mithermometer_base_schema(extra_schema=None):
             {
                 cv.GenerateID(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(BTHomeMiThermometer),
                 cv.Required(CONF_MAC_ADDRESS): cv.mac_address,
+                cv.Optional(CONF_BINDKEY): cv.bind_key,
             }
         )
         .extend(BLE_DEVICE_SCHEMA)
@@ -34,3 +36,9 @@ async def setup_bthome_mithermometer(var, config):
     await cg.register_component(var, config)
     await esp32_ble_tracker.register_ble_device(var, config)
     cg.add(var.set_address(config[CONF_MAC_ADDRESS].as_hex))
+    if bindkey := config.get(CONF_BINDKEY):
+        bindkey_bytes = [
+            HexInt(int(bindkey[index : index + 2], 16))
+            for index in range(0, len(bindkey), 2)
+        ]
+        cg.add(var.set_bindkey(cg.ArrayInitializer(*bindkey_bytes)))

esphome/components/bthome_mithermometer/bthome_ble.cpp

@@ -3,15 +3,23 @@
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <array>
+#include <cstring>
 #include <span>
 
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
 
+#include "mbedtls/ccm.h"
+
 namespace esphome {
 namespace bthome_mithermometer {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "bthome_mithermometer";
+static constexpr size_t BTHOME_BINDKEY_SIZE = 16;
+static constexpr size_t BTHOME_NONCE_SIZE = 13;
+static constexpr size_t BTHOME_MIC_SIZE = 4;
+static constexpr size_t BTHOME_COUNTER_SIZE = 4;
 
 static const char *format_mac_address(std::span<char, MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer, uint64_t address) {
   std::array<uint8_t, MAC_ADDRESS_SIZE> mac{};
@@ -130,6 +138,10 @@ void BTHomeMiThermometer::dump_config() {
   char addr_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "BTHome MiThermometer");
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  MAC Address: %s", format_mac_address(addr_buf, this->address_));
+  if (this->has_bindkey_) {
+    char bindkey_hex[format_hex_pretty_size(BTHOME_BINDKEY_SIZE)];
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Bindkey: %s", format_hex_pretty_to(bindkey_hex, this->bindkey_, BTHOME_BINDKEY_SIZE, '.'));
+  }
   LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Temperature", this->temperature_);
   LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Humidity", this->humidity_);
   LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Battery Level", this->battery_level_);
@@ -150,6 +162,60 @@ bool BTHomeMiThermometer::parse_device(const esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDevice &dev
   return matched;
 }
 
+void BTHomeMiThermometer::set_bindkey(std::initializer_list<uint8_t> bindkey) {
+  if (bindkey.size() != sizeof(this->bindkey_)) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "BTHome bindkey size mismatch: %zu", bindkey.size());
+    return;
+  }
+  std::copy(bindkey.begin(), bindkey.end(), this->bindkey_);
+  this->has_bindkey_ = true;
+}
+
+bool BTHomeMiThermometer::decrypt_bthome_payload_(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data, uint64_t source_address,
+                                                  std::vector<uint8_t> &payload) const {
+  if (data.size() <= 1 + BTHOME_COUNTER_SIZE + BTHOME_MIC_SIZE) {
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Encrypted BTHome payload too short: %zu", data.size());
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const size_t ciphertext_size = data.size() - 1 - BTHOME_COUNTER_SIZE - BTHOME_MIC_SIZE;
+  payload.resize(ciphertext_size);
+
+  std::array<uint8_t, MAC_ADDRESS_SIZE> mac{};
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < MAC_ADDRESS_SIZE; i++) {
+    mac[i] = (source_address >> ((MAC_ADDRESS_SIZE - 1 - i) * 8)) & 0xFF;
+  }
+
+  std::array<uint8_t, BTHOME_NONCE_SIZE> nonce{};
+  memcpy(nonce.data(), mac.data(), mac.size());
+  nonce[6] = 0xD2;
+  nonce[7] = 0xFC;
+  nonce[8] = data[0];
+  memcpy(nonce.data() + 9, &data[data.size() - BTHOME_COUNTER_SIZE - BTHOME_MIC_SIZE], BTHOME_COUNTER_SIZE);
+
+  const uint8_t *ciphertext = data.data() + 1;
+  const uint8_t *mic = data.data() + data.size() - BTHOME_MIC_SIZE;
+
+  mbedtls_ccm_context ctx;
+  mbedtls_ccm_init(&ctx);
+
+  int ret = mbedtls_ccm_setkey(&ctx, MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_AES, this->bindkey_, BTHOME_BINDKEY_SIZE * 8);
+  if (ret) {
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "mbedtls_ccm_setkey() failed.");
+    mbedtls_ccm_free(&ctx);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  ret = mbedtls_ccm_auth_decrypt(&ctx, ciphertext_size, nonce.data(), nonce.size(), nullptr, 0, ciphertext,
+                                 payload.data(), mic, BTHOME_MIC_SIZE);
+  mbedtls_ccm_free(&ctx);
+  if (ret) {
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome decryption failed (ret=%d).", ret);
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
 bool BTHomeMiThermometer::handle_service_data_(const esp32_ble_tracker::ServiceData &service_data,
                                                const esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDevice &device) {
   if (!service_data.uuid.contains(0xD2, 0xFC)) {
@@ -173,51 +239,88 @@ bool BTHomeMiThermometer::handle_service_data_(const esp32_ble_tracker::ServiceD
     return false;
   }
 
-  char addr_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+  uint64_t source_address = device.address_uint64();
-  if (is_encrypted) {
+  bool address_matches = source_address == this->address_;
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Ignoring encrypted BTHome frame from %s", device.address_str_to(addr_buf));
+  if (!is_encrypted && mac_included && data.size() >= 7) {
+    uint64_t advertised_address = 0;
+    for (int i = 5; i >= 0; i--) {
+      advertised_address = (advertised_address << 8) | data[1 + i];
+    }
+    address_matches = address_matches || advertised_address == this->address_;
+  }
+
+  if (is_encrypted && !this->has_bindkey_) {
+    if (address_matches) {
+      char addr_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Encrypted BTHome frame received but no bindkey configured for %s",
+               device.address_str_to(addr_buf));
+    }
     return false;
   }
 
-  size_t payload_index = 1;
+  if (!is_encrypted && this->has_bindkey_) {
-  uint64_t source_address = device.address_uint64();
+    if (address_matches) {
+      char addr_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Unencrypted BTHome frame received with bindkey configured for %s",
+               device.address_str_to(addr_buf));
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+  std::vector<uint8_t> decrypted_payload;
+  const uint8_t *payload = nullptr;
+  size_t payload_size = 0;
+
+  if (is_encrypted) {
+    if (!this->decrypt_bthome_payload_(data, source_address, decrypted_payload)) {
+      char addr_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Failed to decrypt BTHome frame from %s", device.address_str_to(addr_buf));
+      return false;
+    }
+    payload = decrypted_payload.data();
+    payload_size = decrypted_payload.size();
+  } else {
+    payload = data.data() + 1;
+    payload_size = data.size() - 1;
+  }
 
   if (mac_included) {
-    if (data.size() < 7) {
+    if (payload_size < 6) {
       ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome payload missing MAC address");
       return false;
     }
     source_address = 0;
     for (int i = 5; i >= 0; i--) {
-      source_address = (source_address << 8) | data[1 + i];
+      source_address = (source_address << 8) | payload[i];
     }
-    payload_index = 7;
+    payload += 6;
+    payload_size -= 6;
   }
 
+  char addr_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
   if (source_address != this->address_) {
     ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome frame from unexpected device %s", format_mac_address(addr_buf, source_address));
     return false;
   }
 
-  if (payload_index >= data.size()) {
+  if (payload_size == 0) {
     ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome payload empty after header");
     return false;
   }
 
   bool reported = false;
-  size_t offset = payload_index;
+  size_t offset = 0;
   uint8_t last_type = 0;
 
-  while (offset < data.size()) {
+  while (offset < payload_size) {
-    const uint8_t obj_type = data[offset++];
+    const uint8_t obj_type = payload[offset++];
     size_t value_length = 0;
     bool has_length_byte = obj_type == 0x53;  // text objects include explicit length
 
     if (has_length_byte) {
-      if (offset >= data.size()) {
+      if (offset >= payload_size) {
         break;
       }
-      value_length = data[offset++];
+      value_length = payload[offset++];
     } else {
       if (!get_bthome_value_length(obj_type, value_length)) {
         ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Unknown BTHome object 0x%02X", obj_type);
@@ -229,12 +332,12 @@ bool BTHomeMiThermometer::handle_service_data_(const esp32_ble_tracker::ServiceD
       break;
     }
 
-    if (offset + value_length > data.size()) {
+    if (offset + value_length > payload_size) {
       ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome object length exceeds payload");
       break;
     }
 
-    const uint8_t *value = &data[offset];
+    const uint8_t *value = &payload[offset];
     offset += value_length;
 
     if (obj_type < last_type) {

esphome/components/bthome_mithermometer/bthome_ble.h

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 
 #include <cstdint>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <vector>
 
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
 
@@ -14,6 +16,7 @@ namespace bthome_mithermometer {
 class BTHomeMiThermometer : public esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDeviceListener, public Component {
  public:
   void set_address(uint64_t address) { this->address_ = address; }
+  void set_bindkey(std::initializer_list<uint8_t> bindkey);
 
   void set_temperature(sensor::Sensor *temperature) { this->temperature_ = temperature; }
   void set_humidity(sensor::Sensor *humidity) { this->humidity_ = humidity; }
@@ -27,9 +30,13 @@ class BTHomeMiThermometer : public esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDeviceListener, publi
  protected:
   bool handle_service_data_(const esp32_ble_tracker::ServiceData &service_data,
                             const esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDevice &device);
+  bool decrypt_bthome_payload_(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data, uint64_t source_address,
+                               std::vector<uint8_t> &payload) const;
 
   uint64_t address_{0};
   optional<uint8_t> last_packet_id_{};
+  bool has_bindkey_{false};
+  uint8_t bindkey_[16];
 
   sensor::Sensor *temperature_{nullptr};
   sensor::Sensor *humidity_{nullptr};

esphome/components/button/button.cpp

@@ -12,10 +12,7 @@ void log_button(const char *tag, const char *prefix, const char *type, Button *o
   }
 
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "%s%s '%s'", prefix, type, obj->get_name().c_str());
-
+  LOG_ENTITY_ICON(tag, prefix, *obj);
-  if (!obj->get_icon_ref().empty()) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "%s  Icon: '%s'", prefix, obj->get_icon_ref().c_str());
-  }
 }
 
 void Button::press() {

esphome/components/captive_portal/captive_portal.cpp

@@ -96,10 +96,16 @@ void CaptivePortal::start() {
 }
 
 void CaptivePortal::handleRequest(AsyncWebServerRequest *req) {
-  if (req->url() == ESPHOME_F("/config.json")) {
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
+  char url_buf[AsyncWebServerRequest::URL_BUF_SIZE];
+  StringRef url = req->url_to(url_buf);
+#else
+  const auto &url = req->url();
+#endif
+  if (url == ESPHOME_F("/config.json")) {
     this->handle_config(req);
     return;
-  } else if (req->url() == ESPHOME_F("/wifisave")) {
+  } else if (url == ESPHOME_F("/wifisave")) {
     this->handle_wifisave(req);
     return;
   }

esphome/components/cc1101/cc1101.cpp

@@ -152,6 +152,13 @@ void CC1101Component::setup() {
   }
 }
 
+void CC1101Component::call_listeners_(const std::vector<uint8_t> &packet, float freq_offset, float rssi, uint8_t lqi) {
+  for (auto &listener : this->listeners_) {
+    listener->on_packet(packet, freq_offset, rssi, lqi);
+  }
+  this->packet_trigger_->trigger(packet, freq_offset, rssi, lqi);
+}
+
 void CC1101Component::loop() {
   if (this->state_.PKT_FORMAT != static_cast<uint8_t>(PacketFormat::PACKET_FORMAT_FIFO) || this->gdo0_pin_ == nullptr ||
       !this->gdo0_pin_->digital_read()) {
@@ -198,7 +205,7 @@ void CC1101Component::loop() {
   bool crc_ok = (this->state_.LQI & STATUS_CRC_OK_MASK) != 0;
   uint8_t lqi = this->state_.LQI & STATUS_LQI_MASK;
   if (this->state_.CRC_EN == 0 || crc_ok) {
-    this->packet_trigger_->trigger(this->packet_, freq_offset, rssi, lqi);
+    this->call_listeners_(this->packet_, freq_offset, rssi, lqi);
   }
 
   // Return to rx

esphome/components/cc1101/cc1101.h

@@ -11,6 +11,11 @@ namespace esphome::cc1101 {
 
 enum class CC1101Error { NONE = 0, TIMEOUT, PARAMS, CRC_ERROR, FIFO_OVERFLOW, PLL_LOCK };
 
+class CC1101Listener {
+ public:
+  virtual void on_packet(const std::vector<uint8_t> &packet, float freq_offset, float rssi, uint8_t lqi) = 0;
+};
+
 class CC1101Component : public Component,
                         public spi::SPIDevice<spi::BIT_ORDER_MSB_FIRST, spi::CLOCK_POLARITY_LOW,
                                               spi::CLOCK_PHASE_LEADING, spi::DATA_RATE_1MHZ> {
@@ -73,6 +78,7 @@ class CC1101Component : public Component,
 
   // Packet mode operations
   CC1101Error transmit_packet(const std::vector<uint8_t> &packet);
+  void register_listener(CC1101Listener *listener) { this->listeners_.push_back(listener); }
   Trigger<std::vector<uint8_t>, float, float, uint8_t> *get_packet_trigger() const { return this->packet_trigger_; }
 
  protected:
@@ -89,9 +95,11 @@ class CC1101Component : public Component,
   InternalGPIOPin *gdo0_pin_{nullptr};
 
   // Packet handling
+  void call_listeners_(const std::vector<uint8_t> &packet, float freq_offset, float rssi, uint8_t lqi);
   Trigger<std::vector<uint8_t>, float, float, uint8_t> *packet_trigger_{
       new Trigger<std::vector<uint8_t>, float, float, uint8_t>()};
   std::vector<uint8_t> packet_;
+  std::vector<CC1101Listener *> listeners_;
 
   // Low-level Helpers
   uint8_t strobe_(Command cmd);

esphome/components/ccs811/ccs811.cpp

@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ void CCS811Component::setup() {
            bootloader_version, application_version);
   if (this->version_ != nullptr) {
     char version[20];  // "15.15.15 (0xffff)" is 17 chars, plus NUL, plus wiggle room
-    sprintf(version, "%d.%d.%d (0x%02x)", (application_version >> 12 & 15), (application_version >> 8 & 15),
+    buf_append_printf(version, sizeof(version), 0, "%d.%d.%d (0x%02x)", (application_version >> 12 & 15),
-            (application_version >> 4 & 15), application_version);
+                      (application_version >> 8 & 15), (application_version >> 4 & 15), application_version);
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "publishing version state: %s", version);
     this->version_->publish_state(version);
   }

esphome/components/ch422g/ch422g.cpp

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ bool CH422GGPIOPin::digital_read() { return this->parent_->digital_read(this->pi
 
 void CH422GGPIOPin::digital_write(bool value) { this->parent_->digital_write(this->pin_, value ^ this->inverted_); }
 size_t CH422GGPIOPin::dump_summary(char *buffer, size_t len) const {
-  return snprintf(buffer, len, "EXIO%u via CH422G", this->pin_);
+  return buf_append_printf(buffer, len, 0, "EXIO%u via CH422G", this->pin_);
 }
 void CH422GGPIOPin::set_flags(gpio::Flags flags) {
   flags_ = flags;

esphome/components/climate/climate.cpp

@@ -360,8 +360,7 @@ void Climate::add_on_control_callback(std::function<void(ClimateCall &)> &&callb
 static const uint32_t RESTORE_STATE_VERSION = 0x848EA6ADUL;
 
 optional<ClimateDeviceRestoreState> Climate::restore_state_() {
-  this->rtc_ = global_preferences->make_preference<ClimateDeviceRestoreState>(this->get_preference_hash() ^
+  this->rtc_ = this->make_entity_preference<ClimateDeviceRestoreState>(RESTORE_STATE_VERSION);
-                                                                              RESTORE_STATE_VERSION);
   ClimateDeviceRestoreState recovered{};
   if (!this->rtc_.load(&recovered))
     return {};

esphome/components/cover/cover.cpp

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 #include "cover.h"
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/controller_registry.h"
+#include "esphome/core/log.h"
+#include "esphome/core/progmem.h"
 
 #include <strings.h>
 
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
-
 namespace esphome::cover {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "cover";
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ Cover::Cover() : position{COVER_OPEN} {}
 
 CoverCall::CoverCall(Cover *parent) : parent_(parent) {}
 CoverCall &CoverCall::set_command(const char *command) {
-  if (strcasecmp(command, "OPEN") == 0) {
+  if (ESPHOME_strcasecmp_P(command, ESPHOME_PSTR("OPEN")) == 0) {
     this->set_command_open();
-  } else if (strcasecmp(command, "CLOSE") == 0) {
+  } else if (ESPHOME_strcasecmp_P(command, ESPHOME_PSTR("CLOSE")) == 0) {
     this->set_command_close();
-  } else if (strcasecmp(command, "STOP") == 0) {
+  } else if (ESPHOME_strcasecmp_P(command, ESPHOME_PSTR("STOP")) == 0) {
     this->set_command_stop();
-  } else if (strcasecmp(command, "TOGGLE") == 0) {
+  } else if (ESPHOME_strcasecmp_P(command, ESPHOME_PSTR("TOGGLE")) == 0) {
     this->set_command_toggle();
   } else {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "'%s' - Unrecognized command %s", this->parent_->get_name().c_str(), command);
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ void Cover::publish_state(bool save) {
   }
 }
 optional<CoverRestoreState> Cover::restore_state_() {
-  this->rtc_ = global_preferences->make_preference<CoverRestoreState>(this->get_preference_hash());
+  this->rtc_ = this->make_entity_preference<CoverRestoreState>();
   CoverRestoreState recovered{};
   if (!this->rtc_.load(&recovered))
     return {};

esphome/components/cover/cover.h

@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ const extern float COVER_CLOSED;
     if (traits_.get_is_assumed_state()) { \
       ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s  Assumed State: YES", prefix); \
     } \
-    if (!(obj)->get_device_class_ref().empty()) { \
+    LOG_ENTITY_DEVICE_CLASS(TAG, prefix, *(obj)); \
-      ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s  Device Class: '%s'", prefix, (obj)->get_device_class_ref().c_str()); \
-    } \
   }
 
 class Cover;

esphome/components/cs5460a/cs5460a.h

@@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ class CS5460AComponent : public Component,
   void restart() { restart_(); }
 
   void setup() override;
-  void loop() override {}
   void dump_config() override;
 
  protected:

esphome/components/cse7766/cse7766.cpp

@@ -207,20 +207,24 @@ void CSE7766Component::parse_data_() {
 
 #if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERY_VERBOSE
   {
-    std::string buf = "Parsed:";
+    // Buffer: 7 + 15 + 33 + 15 + 25 = 95 chars max + null, rounded to 128 for safety margin.
+    // Float sizes with %.4f can be up to 11 chars for large values (e.g., 999999.9999).
+    char buf[128];
+    size_t pos = buf_append_printf(buf, sizeof(buf), 0, "Parsed:");
     if (have_voltage) {
-      buf += str_sprintf(" V=%fV", voltage);
+      pos = buf_append_printf(buf, sizeof(buf), pos, " V=%.4fV", voltage);
     }
     if (have_current) {
-      buf += str_sprintf(" I=%fmA (~%fmA)", current * 1000.0f, calculated_current * 1000.0f);
+      pos = buf_append_printf(buf, sizeof(buf), pos, " I=%.4fmA (~%.4fmA)", current * 1000.0f,
+                              calculated_current * 1000.0f);
     }
     if (have_power) {
-      buf += str_sprintf(" P=%fW", power);
+      pos = buf_append_printf(buf, sizeof(buf), pos, " P=%.4fW", power);
     }
     if (energy != 0.0f) {
-      buf += str_sprintf(" E=%fkWh (%u)", energy, cf_pulses);
+      buf_append_printf(buf, sizeof(buf), pos, " E=%.4fkWh (%u)", energy, cf_pulses);
     }
-    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s", buf.c_str());
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s", buf);
   }
 #endif
 }

esphome/components/daikin_arc/daikin_arc.cpp

@@ -258,8 +258,9 @@ bool DaikinArcClimate::parse_state_frame_(const uint8_t frame[]) {
   }
 
   char buf[DAIKIN_STATE_FRAME_SIZE * 3 + 1] = {0};
+  size_t pos = 0;
   for (size_t i = 0; i < DAIKIN_STATE_FRAME_SIZE; i++) {
-    sprintf(buf, "%s%02x ", buf, frame[i]);
+    pos = buf_append_printf(buf, sizeof(buf), pos, "%02x ", frame[i]);
   }
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "FRAME %s", buf);
 
@@ -349,8 +350,9 @@ bool DaikinArcClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
   if (data.expect_item(DAIKIN_HEADER_MARK, DAIKIN_HEADER_SPACE)) {
     valid_daikin_frame = true;
     size_t bytes_count = data.size() / 2 / 8;
-    std::unique_ptr<char[]> buf(new char[bytes_count * 3 + 1]);
+    size_t buf_size = bytes_count * 3 + 1;
-    buf[0] = '\0';
+    std::unique_ptr<char[]> buf(new char[buf_size]());  // value-initialize (zero-fill)
+    size_t buf_pos = 0;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < bytes_count; i++) {
       uint8_t byte = 0;
       for (int8_t bit = 0; bit < 8; bit++) {
@@ -361,19 +363,19 @@ bool DaikinArcClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
           break;
         }
       }
-      sprintf(buf.get(), "%s%02x ", buf.get(), byte);
+      buf_pos = buf_append_printf(buf.get(), buf_size, buf_pos, "%02x ", byte);
     }
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "WHOLE FRAME %s  size: %d", buf.get(), data.size());
   }
   if (!valid_daikin_frame) {
-    char sbuf[16 * 10 + 1];
+    char sbuf[16 * 10 + 1] = {0};
-    sbuf[0] = '\0';
+    size_t sbuf_pos = 0;
     for (size_t j = 0; j < static_cast<size_t>(data.size()); j++) {
       if ((j - 2) % 16 == 0) {
         if (j > 0) {
           ESP_LOGD(TAG, "DATA %04x: %s", (j - 16 > 0xffff ? 0 : j - 16), sbuf);
         }
-        sbuf[0] = '\0';
+        sbuf_pos = 0;
       }
       char type_ch = ' ';
       // debug_tolerance = 25%
@@ -401,9 +403,10 @@ bool DaikinArcClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
         type_ch = '0';
 
       if (abs(data[j]) > 100000) {
-        sprintf(sbuf, "%s%-5d[%c] ", sbuf, data[j] > 0 ? 99999 : -99999, type_ch);
+        sbuf_pos = buf_append_printf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), sbuf_pos, "%-5d[%c] ", data[j] > 0 ? 99999 : -99999, type_ch);
       } else {
-        sprintf(sbuf, "%s%-5d[%c] ", sbuf, (int) (round(data[j] / 10.) * 10), type_ch);
+        sbuf_pos =
+            buf_append_printf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), sbuf_pos, "%-5d[%c] ", (int) (round(data[j] / 10.) * 10), type_ch);
       }
       if (j + 1 == static_cast<size_t>(data.size())) {
         ESP_LOGD(TAG, "DATA %04x: %s", (j - 8 > 0xffff ? 0 : j - 8), sbuf);

esphome/components/datetime/date_entity.cpp

@@ -106,9 +106,9 @@ DateCall &DateCall::set_date(uint16_t year, uint8_t month, uint8_t day) {
 
 DateCall &DateCall::set_date(ESPTime time) { return this->set_date(time.year, time.month, time.day_of_month); };
 
-DateCall &DateCall::set_date(const std::string &date) {
+DateCall &DateCall::set_date(const char *date, size_t len) {
   ESPTime val{};
-  if (!ESPTime::strptime(date, val)) {
+  if (!ESPTime::strptime(date, len, val)) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Could not convert the date string to an ESPTime object");
     return *this;
   }

esphome/components/datetime/date_entity.h

@@ -15,9 +15,7 @@ namespace esphome::datetime {
 #define LOG_DATETIME_DATE(prefix, type, obj) \
   if ((obj) != nullptr) { \
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s%s '%s'", prefix, LOG_STR_LITERAL(type), (obj)->get_name().c_str()); \
-    if (!(obj)->get_icon_ref().empty()) { \
+    LOG_ENTITY_ICON(TAG, prefix, *(obj)); \
-      ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s  Icon: '%s'", prefix, (obj)->get_icon_ref().c_str()); \
-    } \
   }
 
 class DateCall;
@@ -67,7 +65,9 @@ class DateCall {
   void perform();
   DateCall &set_date(uint16_t year, uint8_t month, uint8_t day);
   DateCall &set_date(ESPTime time);
-  DateCall &set_date(const std::string &date);
+  DateCall &set_date(const char *date, size_t len);
+  DateCall &set_date(const char *date) { return this->set_date(date, strlen(date)); }
+  DateCall &set_date(const std::string &date) { return this->set_date(date.c_str(), date.size()); }
 
   DateCall &set_year(uint16_t year) {
     this->year_ = year;

esphome/components/datetime/datetime_entity.cpp

@@ -163,9 +163,9 @@ DateTimeCall &DateTimeCall::set_datetime(ESPTime datetime) {
                             datetime.second);
 };
 
-DateTimeCall &DateTimeCall::set_datetime(const std::string &datetime) {
+DateTimeCall &DateTimeCall::set_datetime(const char *datetime, size_t len) {
   ESPTime val{};
-  if (!ESPTime::strptime(datetime, val)) {
+  if (!ESPTime::strptime(datetime, len, val)) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Could not convert the time string to an ESPTime object");
     return *this;
   }

esphome/components/datetime/datetime_entity.h

@@ -15,9 +15,7 @@ namespace esphome::datetime {
 #define LOG_DATETIME_DATETIME(prefix, type, obj) \
   if ((obj) != nullptr) { \
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s%s '%s'", prefix, LOG_STR_LITERAL(type), (obj)->get_name().c_str()); \
-    if (!(obj)->get_icon_ref().empty()) { \
+    LOG_ENTITY_ICON(TAG, prefix, *(obj)); \
-      ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s  Icon: '%s'", prefix, (obj)->get_icon_ref().c_str()); \
-    } \
   }
 
 class DateTimeCall;
@@ -71,7 +69,11 @@ class DateTimeCall {
   void perform();
   DateTimeCall &set_datetime(uint16_t year, uint8_t month, uint8_t day, uint8_t hour, uint8_t minute, uint8_t second);
   DateTimeCall &set_datetime(ESPTime datetime);
-  DateTimeCall &set_datetime(const std::string &datetime);
+  DateTimeCall &set_datetime(const char *datetime, size_t len);
+  DateTimeCall &set_datetime(const char *datetime) { return this->set_datetime(datetime, strlen(datetime)); }
+  DateTimeCall &set_datetime(const std::string &datetime) {
+    return this->set_datetime(datetime.c_str(), datetime.size());
+  }
   DateTimeCall &set_datetime(time_t epoch_seconds);
 
   DateTimeCall &set_year(uint16_t year) {

esphome/components/datetime/time_entity.cpp

@@ -74,9 +74,9 @@ TimeCall &TimeCall::set_time(uint8_t hour, uint8_t minute, uint8_t second) {
 
 TimeCall &TimeCall::set_time(ESPTime time) { return this->set_time(time.hour, time.minute, time.second); };
 
-TimeCall &TimeCall::set_time(const std::string &time) {
+TimeCall &TimeCall::set_time(const char *time, size_t len) {
   ESPTime val{};
-  if (!ESPTime::strptime(time, val)) {
+  if (!ESPTime::strptime(time, len, val)) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Could not convert the time string to an ESPTime object");
     return *this;
   }

esphome/components/datetime/time_entity.h

@@ -15,9 +15,7 @@ namespace esphome::datetime {
 #define LOG_DATETIME_TIME(prefix, type, obj) \
   if ((obj) != nullptr) { \
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s%s '%s'", prefix, LOG_STR_LITERAL(type), (obj)->get_name().c_str()); \
-    if (!(obj)->get_icon_ref().empty()) { \
+    LOG_ENTITY_ICON(TAG, prefix, *(obj)); \
-      ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%s  Icon: '%s'", prefix, (obj)->get_icon_ref().c_str()); \
-    } \
   }
 
 class TimeCall;
@@ -69,7 +67,9 @@ class TimeCall {
   void perform();
   TimeCall &set_time(uint8_t hour, uint8_t minute, uint8_t second);
   TimeCall &set_time(ESPTime time);
-  TimeCall &set_time(const std::string &time);
+  TimeCall &set_time(const char *time, size_t len);
+  TimeCall &set_time(const char *time) { return this->set_time(time, strlen(time)); }
+  TimeCall &set_time(const std::string &time) { return this->set_time(time.c_str(), time.size()); }
 
   TimeCall &set_hour(uint8_t hour) {
     this->hour_ = hour;

esphome/components/debug/debug_component.cpp

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ void DebugComponent::dump_config() {
 
   char device_info_buffer[DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE];
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "ESPHome version %s", ESPHOME_VERSION);
-  size_t pos = buf_append(device_info_buffer, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE, 0, "%s", ESPHOME_VERSION);
+  size_t pos = buf_append_printf(device_info_buffer, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE, 0, "%s", ESPHOME_VERSION);
 
   this->free_heap_ = get_free_heap_();
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Free Heap Size: %" PRIu32 " bytes", this->free_heap_);

esphome/components/debug/debug_component.h

@@ -5,12 +5,6 @@
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/macros.h"
 #include <span>
-#include <cstdarg>
-#include <cstdio>
-#include <algorithm>
-#ifdef USE_ESP8266
-#include <pgmspace.h>
-#endif
 
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
 #include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
@@ -25,40 +19,7 @@ namespace debug {
 static constexpr size_t DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE = 256;
 static constexpr size_t RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE = 128;
 
-#ifdef USE_ESP8266
+// buf_append_printf is now provided by esphome/core/helpers.h
-// ESP8266: Use vsnprintf_P to keep format strings in flash (PROGMEM)
-// Format strings must be wrapped with PSTR() macro
-inline size_t buf_append_p(char *buf, size_t size, size_t pos, PGM_P fmt, ...) {
-  if (pos >= size) {
-    return size;
-  }
-  va_list args;
-  va_start(args, fmt);
-  int written = vsnprintf_P(buf + pos, size - pos, fmt, args);
-  va_end(args);
-  if (written < 0) {
-    return pos;  // encoding error
-  }
-  return std::min(pos + static_cast<size_t>(written), size);
-}
-#define buf_append(buf, size, pos, fmt, ...) buf_append_p(buf, size, pos, PSTR(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#else
-/// Safely append formatted string to buffer, returning new position (capped at size)
-__attribute__((format(printf, 4, 5))) inline size_t buf_append(char *buf, size_t size, size_t pos, const char *fmt,
-                                                               ...) {
-  if (pos >= size) {
-    return size;
-  }
-  va_list args;
-  va_start(args, fmt);
-  int written = vsnprintf(buf + pos, size - pos, fmt, args);
-  va_end(args);
-  if (written < 0) {
-    return pos;  // encoding error
-  }
-  return std::min(pos + static_cast<size_t>(written), size);
-}
-#endif
 
 class DebugComponent : public PollingComponent {
  public:
@@ -74,8 +35,11 @@ class DebugComponent : public PollingComponent {
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
   void set_free_sensor(sensor::Sensor *free_sensor) { free_sensor_ = free_sensor; }
   void set_block_sensor(sensor::Sensor *block_sensor) { block_sensor_ = block_sensor; }
-#if defined(USE_ESP8266) && USE_ARDUINO_VERSION_CODE >= VERSION_CODE(2, 5, 2)
+#if (defined(USE_ESP8266) && USE_ARDUINO_VERSION_CODE >= VERSION_CODE(2, 5, 2)) || defined(USE_ESP32)
   void set_fragmentation_sensor(sensor::Sensor *fragmentation_sensor) { fragmentation_sensor_ = fragmentation_sensor; }
+#endif
+#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
+  void set_min_free_sensor(sensor::Sensor *min_free_sensor) { min_free_sensor_ = min_free_sensor; }
 #endif
   void set_loop_time_sensor(sensor::Sensor *loop_time_sensor) { loop_time_sensor_ = loop_time_sensor; }
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
@@ -97,8 +61,11 @@ class DebugComponent : public PollingComponent {
 
   sensor::Sensor *free_sensor_{nullptr};
   sensor::Sensor *block_sensor_{nullptr};
-#if defined(USE_ESP8266) && USE_ARDUINO_VERSION_CODE >= VERSION_CODE(2, 5, 2)
+#if (defined(USE_ESP8266) && USE_ARDUINO_VERSION_CODE >= VERSION_CODE(2, 5, 2)) || defined(USE_ESP32)
   sensor::Sensor *fragmentation_sensor_{nullptr};
+#endif
+#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
+  sensor::Sensor *min_free_sensor_{nullptr};
 #endif
   sensor::Sensor *loop_time_sensor_{nullptr};
 #ifdef USE_ESP32

esphome/components/debug/debug_esp32.cpp

@@ -173,8 +173,8 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
   uint32_t flash_size = ESP.getFlashChipSize() / 1024;       // NOLINT
   uint32_t flash_speed = ESP.getFlashChipSpeed() / 1000000;  // NOLINT
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Flash Chip: Size=%" PRIu32 "kB Speed=%" PRIu32 "MHz Mode=%s", flash_size, flash_speed, flash_mode);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Flash: %" PRIu32 "kB Speed:%" PRIu32 "MHz Mode:%s", flash_size, flash_speed,
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Flash: %" PRIu32 "kB Speed:%" PRIu32 "MHz Mode:%s", flash_size, flash_speed,
-                   flash_mode);
+                          flash_mode);
 #endif
 
   esp_chip_info_t info;
@@ -182,60 +182,71 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
   const char *model = ESPHOME_VARIANT;
 
   // Build features string
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Chip: %s Features:", model);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Chip: %s Features:", model);
   bool first_feature = true;
   for (const auto &feature : CHIP_FEATURES) {
     if (info.features & feature.bit) {
-      pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "%s%s", first_feature ? "" : ", ", feature.name);
+      pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "%s%s", first_feature ? "" : ", ", feature.name);
       first_feature = false;
       info.features &= ~feature.bit;
     }
   }
   if (info.features != 0) {
-    pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "%sOther:0x%" PRIx32, first_feature ? "" : ", ", info.features);
+    pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "%sOther:0x%" PRIx32, first_feature ? "" : ", ", info.features);
   }
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Chip: Model=%s, Cores=%u, Revision=%u", model, info.cores, info.revision);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, " Cores:%u Revision:%u", info.cores, info.revision);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, " Cores:%u Revision:%u", info.cores, info.revision);
 
   uint32_t cpu_freq_mhz = arch_get_cpu_freq_hz() / 1000000;
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "CPU Frequency: %" PRIu32 " MHz", cpu_freq_mhz);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|CPU Frequency: %" PRIu32 " MHz", cpu_freq_mhz);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|CPU Frequency: %" PRIu32 " MHz", cpu_freq_mhz);
 
   // Framework detection
 #ifdef USE_ARDUINO
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Framework: Arduino");
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Framework: Arduino");
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Framework: Arduino");
 #elif defined(USE_ESP32)
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Framework: ESP-IDF");
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Framework: ESP-IDF");
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Framework: ESP-IDF");
 #else
   ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Framework: UNKNOWN");
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Framework: UNKNOWN");
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Framework: UNKNOWN");
 #endif
 
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "ESP-IDF Version: %s", esp_get_idf_version());
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|ESP-IDF: %s", esp_get_idf_version());
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|ESP-IDF: %s", esp_get_idf_version());
 
   uint8_t mac[6];
   get_mac_address_raw(mac);
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "EFuse MAC: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X", mac[0], mac[1], mac[2], mac[3], mac[4], mac[5]);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|EFuse MAC: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X", mac[0], mac[1], mac[2], mac[3], mac[4],
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|EFuse MAC: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X", mac[0], mac[1], mac[2], mac[3],
-                   mac[5]);
+                          mac[4], mac[5]);
 
   char reason_buffer[RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE];
   const char *reset_reason = get_reset_reason_(std::span<char, RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE>(reason_buffer));
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Reset: %s", reset_reason);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Reset: %s", reset_reason);
 
   const char *wakeup_cause = get_wakeup_cause_(std::span<char, RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE>(reason_buffer));
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Wakeup: %s", wakeup_cause);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Wakeup: %s", wakeup_cause);
 
   return pos;
 }
 
 void DebugComponent::update_platform_() {
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
+  uint32_t max_alloc = heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL);
   if (this->block_sensor_ != nullptr) {
-    this->block_sensor_->publish_state(heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL));
+    this->block_sensor_->publish_state(max_alloc);
+  }
+  if (this->min_free_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    this->min_free_sensor_->publish_state(heap_caps_get_minimum_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL));
+  }
+  if (this->fragmentation_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    uint32_t free_heap = heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL);
+    if (free_heap > 0) {
+      float fragmentation = 100.0f - (100.0f * max_alloc / free_heap);
+      this->fragmentation_sensor_->publish_state(fragmentation);
+    }
   }
   if (this->psram_sensor_ != nullptr) {
     this->psram_sensor_->publish_state(heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM));

esphome/components/debug/debug_esp8266.cpp

@@ -3,21 +3,80 @@
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include <Esp.h>
 
+extern "C" {
+#include <user_interface.h>
+
+// Global reset info struct populated by SDK at boot
+extern struct rst_info resetInfo;
+
+// Core version - either a string pointer or a version number to format as hex
+extern uint32_t core_version;
+extern const char *core_release;
+}
+
 namespace esphome {
 namespace debug {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "debug";
 
+// Get reset reason string from reason code (no heap allocation)
+// Returns LogString* pointing to flash (PROGMEM) on ESP8266
+static const LogString *get_reset_reason_str(uint32_t reason) {
+  switch (reason) {
+    case REASON_DEFAULT_RST:
+      return LOG_STR("Power On");
+    case REASON_WDT_RST:
+      return LOG_STR("Hardware Watchdog");
+    case REASON_EXCEPTION_RST:
+      return LOG_STR("Exception");
+    case REASON_SOFT_WDT_RST:
+      return LOG_STR("Software Watchdog");
+    case REASON_SOFT_RESTART:
+      return LOG_STR("Software/System restart");
+    case REASON_DEEP_SLEEP_AWAKE:
+      return LOG_STR("Deep-Sleep Wake");
+    case REASON_EXT_SYS_RST:
+      return LOG_STR("External System");
+    default:
+      return LOG_STR("Unknown");
+  }
+}
+
+// Size for core version hex buffer
+static constexpr size_t CORE_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE = 12;
+
+// Get core version string (no heap allocation)
+// Returns either core_release directly or formats core_version as hex into provided buffer
+static const char *get_core_version_str(std::span<char, CORE_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer) {
+  if (core_release != nullptr) {
+    return core_release;
+  }
+  snprintf_P(buffer.data(), CORE_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE, PSTR("%08x"), core_version);
+  return buffer.data();
+}
+
+// Size for reset info buffer
+static constexpr size_t RESET_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE = 200;
+
+// Get detailed reset info string (no heap allocation)
+// For watchdog/exception resets, includes detailed exception info
+static const char *get_reset_info_str(std::span<char, RESET_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer, uint32_t reason) {
+  if (reason >= REASON_WDT_RST && reason <= REASON_SOFT_WDT_RST) {
+    snprintf_P(buffer.data(), RESET_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE,
+               PSTR("Fatal exception:%d flag:%d (%s) epc1:0x%08x epc2:0x%08x epc3:0x%08x excvaddr:0x%08x depc:0x%08x"),
+               static_cast<int>(resetInfo.exccause), static_cast<int>(reason),
+               LOG_STR_ARG(get_reset_reason_str(reason)), resetInfo.epc1, resetInfo.epc2, resetInfo.epc3,
+               resetInfo.excvaddr, resetInfo.depc);
+    return buffer.data();
+  }
+  return LOG_STR_ARG(get_reset_reason_str(reason));
+}
+
 const char *DebugComponent::get_reset_reason_(std::span<char, RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer) {
-  char *buf = buffer.data();
+  // Copy from flash to provided buffer
-#if !defined(CLANG_TIDY)
+  strncpy_P(buffer.data(), (PGM_P) get_reset_reason_str(resetInfo.reason), RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE - 1);
-  String reason = ESP.getResetReason();  // NOLINT
+  buffer[RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
-  snprintf_P(buf, RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE, PSTR("%s"), reason.c_str());
+  return buffer.data();
-  return buf;
-#else
-  buf[0] = '\0';
-  return buf;
-#endif
 }
 
 const char *DebugComponent::get_wakeup_cause_(std::span<char, RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer) {
@@ -33,37 +92,42 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
   constexpr size_t size = DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE;
   char *buf = buffer.data();
 
-  const char *flash_mode;
+  const LogString *flash_mode;
   switch (ESP.getFlashChipMode()) {  // NOLINT(readability-static-accessed-through-instance)
     case FM_QIO:
-      flash_mode = "QIO";
+      flash_mode = LOG_STR("QIO");
       break;
     case FM_QOUT:
-      flash_mode = "QOUT";
+      flash_mode = LOG_STR("QOUT");
       break;
     case FM_DIO:
-      flash_mode = "DIO";
+      flash_mode = LOG_STR("DIO");
       break;
     case FM_DOUT:
-      flash_mode = "DOUT";
+      flash_mode = LOG_STR("DOUT");
       break;
     default:
-      flash_mode = "UNKNOWN";
+      flash_mode = LOG_STR("UNKNOWN");
   }
-  uint32_t flash_size = ESP.getFlashChipSize() / 1024;       // NOLINT
+  uint32_t flash_size = ESP.getFlashChipSize() / 1024;       // NOLINT(readability-static-accessed-through-instance)
-  uint32_t flash_speed = ESP.getFlashChipSpeed() / 1000000;  // NOLINT
+  uint32_t flash_speed = ESP.getFlashChipSpeed() / 1000000;  // NOLINT(readability-static-accessed-through-instance)
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Flash Chip: Size=%" PRIu32 "kB Speed=%" PRIu32 "MHz Mode=%s", flash_size, flash_speed, flash_mode);
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Flash Chip: Size=%" PRIu32 "kB Speed=%" PRIu32 "MHz Mode=%s", flash_size, flash_speed,
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Flash: %" PRIu32 "kB Speed:%" PRIu32 "MHz Mode:%s", flash_size, flash_speed,
+           LOG_STR_ARG(flash_mode));
-                   flash_mode);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Flash: %" PRIu32 "kB Speed:%" PRIu32 "MHz Mode:%s", flash_size, flash_speed,
+                          LOG_STR_ARG(flash_mode));
 
-#if !defined(CLANG_TIDY)
   char reason_buffer[RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE];
-  const char *reset_reason = get_reset_reason_(std::span<char, RESET_REASON_BUFFER_SIZE>(reason_buffer));
+  const char *reset_reason = get_reset_reason_(reason_buffer);
+  char core_version_buffer[CORE_VERSION_BUFFER_SIZE];
+  char reset_info_buffer[RESET_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE];
+  // NOLINTBEGIN(readability-static-accessed-through-instance)
   uint32_t chip_id = ESP.getChipId();
   uint8_t boot_version = ESP.getBootVersion();
   uint8_t boot_mode = ESP.getBootMode();
   uint8_t cpu_freq = ESP.getCpuFreqMHz();
   uint32_t flash_chip_id = ESP.getFlashChipId();
+  const char *sdk_version = ESP.getSdkVersion();
+  // NOLINTEND(readability-static-accessed-through-instance)
 
   ESP_LOGD(TAG,
            "Chip ID: 0x%08" PRIX32 "\n"
@@ -74,19 +138,18 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
            "Flash Chip ID=0x%08" PRIX32 "\n"
            "Reset Reason: %s\n"
            "Reset Info: %s",
-           chip_id, ESP.getSdkVersion(), ESP.getCoreVersion().c_str(), boot_version, boot_mode, cpu_freq, flash_chip_id,
+           chip_id, sdk_version, get_core_version_str(core_version_buffer), boot_version, boot_mode, cpu_freq,
-           reset_reason, ESP.getResetInfo().c_str());
+           flash_chip_id, reset_reason, get_reset_info_str(reset_info_buffer, resetInfo.reason));
 
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Chip: 0x%08" PRIX32, chip_id);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Chip: 0x%08" PRIX32, chip_id);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|SDK: %s", ESP.getSdkVersion());
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|SDK: %s", sdk_version);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Core: %s", ESP.getCoreVersion().c_str());
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Core: %s", get_core_version_str(core_version_buffer));
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Boot: %u", boot_version);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Boot: %u", boot_version);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Mode: %u", boot_mode);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Mode: %u", boot_mode);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|CPU: %u", cpu_freq);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|CPU: %u", cpu_freq);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Flash: 0x%08" PRIX32, flash_chip_id);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Flash: 0x%08" PRIX32, flash_chip_id);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Reset: %s", reset_reason);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Reset: %s", reset_reason);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|%s", ESP.getResetInfo().c_str());
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|%s", get_reset_info_str(reset_info_buffer, resetInfo.reason));
-#endif
 
   return pos;
 }

esphome/components/debug/debug_libretiny.cpp

@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
            lt_get_version(), lt_cpu_get_model_name(), lt_cpu_get_model(), lt_cpu_get_freq_mhz(), mac_id,
            lt_get_board_code(), flash_kib, ram_kib, reset_reason);
 
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Version: %s", LT_BANNER_STR + 10);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Version: %s", LT_BANNER_STR + 10);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Reset Reason: %s", reset_reason);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Reset Reason: %s", reset_reason);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Chip Name: %s", lt_cpu_get_model_name());
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Chip Name: %s", lt_cpu_get_model_name());
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Chip ID: 0x%06" PRIX32, mac_id);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Chip ID: 0x%06" PRIX32, mac_id);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Flash: %" PRIu32 " KiB", flash_kib);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Flash: %" PRIu32 " KiB", flash_kib);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|RAM: %" PRIu32 " KiB", ram_kib);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|RAM: %" PRIu32 " KiB", ram_kib);
 
   return pos;
 }
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@ void DebugComponent::update_platform_() {
   if (this->block_sensor_ != nullptr) {
     this->block_sensor_->publish_state(lt_heap_get_max_alloc());
   }
+  if (this->min_free_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    this->min_free_sensor_->publish_state(lt_heap_get_min_free());
+  }
 #endif
 }
 

esphome/components/debug/debug_rp2040.cpp

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
 
   uint32_t cpu_freq = rp2040.f_cpu();
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "CPU Frequency: %" PRIu32, cpu_freq);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|CPU Frequency: %" PRIu32, cpu_freq);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|CPU Frequency: %" PRIu32, cpu_freq);
 
   return pos;
 }

esphome/components/debug/debug_zephyr.cpp

@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ static size_t append_reset_reason(char *buf, size_t size, size_t pos, bool set,
     return pos;
   }
   if (pos > 0) {
-    pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, ", ");
+    pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, ", ");
   }
-  return buf_append(buf, size, pos, "%s", reason);
+  return buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "%s", reason);
 }
 
 static inline uint32_t read_mem_u32(uintptr_t addr) {
@@ -132,6 +132,26 @@ void DebugComponent::log_partition_info_() {
   flash_area_foreach(fa_cb, nullptr);
 }
 
+static const char *regout0_to_str(uint32_t value) {
+  switch (value) {
+    case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_DEFAULT):
+      return "1.8V (default)";
+    case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_1V8):
+      return "1.8V";
+    case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_2V1):
+      return "2.1V";
+    case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_2V4):
+      return "2.4V";
+    case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_2V7):
+      return "2.7V";
+    case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_3V0):
+      return "3.0V";
+    case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_3V3):
+      return "3.3V";
+  }
+  return "???V";
+}
+
 size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer, size_t pos) {
   constexpr size_t size = DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE;
   char *buf = buffer.data();
@@ -140,48 +160,28 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
   const char *supply_status =
       (nrf_power_mainregstatus_get(NRF_POWER) == NRF_POWER_MAINREGSTATUS_NORMAL) ? "Normal voltage." : "High voltage.";
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Main supply status: %s", supply_status);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Main supply status: %s", supply_status);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Main supply status: %s", supply_status);
 
   // Regulator stage 0
   if (nrf_power_mainregstatus_get(NRF_POWER) == NRF_POWER_MAINREGSTATUS_HIGH) {
     const char *reg0_type = nrf_power_dcdcen_vddh_get(NRF_POWER) ? "DC/DC" : "LDO";
-    const char *reg0_voltage;
+    const char *reg0_voltage = regout0_to_str((NRF_UICR->REGOUT0 & UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Msk) >> UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos);
-    switch (NRF_UICR->REGOUT0 & UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Msk) {
-      case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_DEFAULT << UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos):
-        reg0_voltage = "1.8V (default)";
-        break;
-      case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_1V8 << UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos):
-        reg0_voltage = "1.8V";
-        break;
-      case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_2V1 << UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos):
-        reg0_voltage = "2.1V";
-        break;
-      case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_2V4 << UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos):
-        reg0_voltage = "2.4V";
-        break;
-      case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_2V7 << UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos):
-        reg0_voltage = "2.7V";
-        break;
-      case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_3V0 << UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos):
-        reg0_voltage = "3.0V";
-        break;
-      case (UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_3V3 << UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos):
-        reg0_voltage = "3.3V";
-        break;
-      default:
-        reg0_voltage = "???V";
-    }
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Regulator stage 0: %s, %s", reg0_type, reg0_voltage);
-    pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Regulator stage 0: %s, %s", reg0_type, reg0_voltage);
+    pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Regulator stage 0: %s, %s", reg0_type, reg0_voltage);
+#ifdef USE_NRF52_REG0_VOUT
+    if ((NRF_UICR->REGOUT0 & UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Msk) >> UICR_REGOUT0_VOUT_Pos != USE_NRF52_REG0_VOUT) {
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Regulator stage 0: expected %s", regout0_to_str(USE_NRF52_REG0_VOUT));
+    }
+#endif
   } else {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Regulator stage 0: disabled");
-    pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Regulator stage 0: disabled");
+    pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Regulator stage 0: disabled");
   }
 
   // Regulator stage 1
   const char *reg1_type = nrf_power_dcdcen_get(NRF_POWER) ? "DC/DC" : "LDO";
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Regulator stage 1: %s", reg1_type);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Regulator stage 1: %s", reg1_type);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Regulator stage 1: %s", reg1_type);
 
   // USB power state
   const char *usb_state;
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
     usb_state = "disconnected";
   }
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "USB power state: %s", usb_state);
-  pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|USB power state: %s", usb_state);
+  pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|USB power state: %s", usb_state);
 
   // Power-fail comparator
   bool enabled;
@@ -300,14 +300,14 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
           break;
       }
       ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Power-fail comparator: %s, VDDH: %s", pof_voltage, vddh_voltage);
-      pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Power-fail comparator: %s, VDDH: %s", pof_voltage, vddh_voltage);
+      pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Power-fail comparator: %s, VDDH: %s", pof_voltage, vddh_voltage);
     } else {
       ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Power-fail comparator: %s", pof_voltage);
-      pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Power-fail comparator: %s", pof_voltage);
+      pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Power-fail comparator: %s", pof_voltage);
     }
   } else {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Power-fail comparator: disabled");
-    pos = buf_append(buf, size, pos, "|Power-fail comparator: disabled");
+    pos = buf_append_printf(buf, size, pos, "|Power-fail comparator: disabled");
   }
 
   auto package = [](uint32_t value) {

esphome/components/debug/sensor.py

@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ from esphome.const import (
     ENTITY_CATEGORY_DIAGNOSTIC,
     ICON_COUNTER,
     ICON_TIMER,
+    PLATFORM_BK72XX,
+    PLATFORM_LN882X,
+    PLATFORM_RTL87XX,
     UNIT_BYTES,
     UNIT_HERTZ,
     UNIT_MILLISECOND,
@@ -25,6 +28,7 @@ from . import (  # noqa: F401  pylint: disable=unused-import
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["debug"]
 
+CONF_MIN_FREE = "min_free"
 CONF_PSRAM = "psram"
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
@@ -42,8 +46,14 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_DIAGNOSTIC,
     ),
     cv.Optional(CONF_FRAGMENTATION): cv.All(
-        cv.only_on_esp8266,
+        cv.Any(
-        cv.require_framework_version(esp8266_arduino=cv.Version(2, 5, 2)),
+            cv.All(
+                cv.only_on_esp8266,
+                cv.require_framework_version(esp8266_arduino=cv.Version(2, 5, 2)),
+            ),
+            cv.only_on_esp32,
+            msg="This feature is only available on ESP8266 (Arduino 2.5.2+) and ESP32",
+        ),
         sensor.sensor_schema(
             unit_of_measurement=UNIT_PERCENT,
             icon=ICON_COUNTER,
@@ -51,6 +61,19 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_DIAGNOSTIC,
         ),
     ),
+    cv.Optional(CONF_MIN_FREE): cv.All(
+        cv.Any(
+            cv.only_on_esp32,
+            cv.only_on([PLATFORM_BK72XX, PLATFORM_LN882X, PLATFORM_RTL87XX]),
+            msg="This feature is only available on ESP32 and LibreTiny (BK72xx, LN882x, RTL87xx)",
+        ),
+        sensor.sensor_schema(
+            unit_of_measurement=UNIT_BYTES,
+            icon=ICON_COUNTER,
+            accuracy_decimals=0,
+            entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_DIAGNOSTIC,
+        ),
+    ),
     cv.Optional(CONF_LOOP_TIME): sensor.sensor_schema(
         unit_of_measurement=UNIT_MILLISECOND,
         icon=ICON_TIMER,
@@ -93,6 +116,10 @@ async def to_code(config):
         sens = await sensor.new_sensor(fragmentation_conf)
         cg.add(debug_component.set_fragmentation_sensor(sens))
 
+    if min_free_conf := config.get(CONF_MIN_FREE):
+        sens = await sensor.new_sensor(min_free_conf)
+        cg.add(debug_component.set_min_free_sensor(sens))
+
     if loop_time_conf := config.get(CONF_LOOP_TIME):
         sens = await sensor.new_sensor(loop_time_conf)
         cg.add(debug_component.set_loop_time_sensor(sens))

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0395/commands.cpp

@@ -127,7 +127,9 @@ DetRangeCfgCommand::DetRangeCfgCommand(float min1, float max1, float min2, float
     this->min2_ = min2 = this->max2_ = max2 = this->min3_ = min3 = this->max3_ = max3 = this->min4_ = min4 =
         this->max4_ = max4 = -1;
 
-    this->cmd_ = str_sprintf("detRangeCfg -1 %.0f %.0f", min1 / 0.15, max1 / 0.15);
+    char buf[72];  // max 72: "detRangeCfg -1 "(15) + 8 * (float(5) + space(1)) + null
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "detRangeCfg -1 %.0f %.0f", min1 / 0.15, max1 / 0.15);
+    this->cmd_ = buf;
   } else if (min3 < 0 || max3 < 0) {
     this->min1_ = min1 = round(min1 / 0.15) * 0.15;
     this->max1_ = max1 = round(max1 / 0.15) * 0.15;
@@ -135,7 +137,10 @@ DetRangeCfgCommand::DetRangeCfgCommand(float min1, float max1, float min2, float
     this->max2_ = max2 = round(max2 / 0.15) * 0.15;
     this->min3_ = min3 = this->max3_ = max3 = this->min4_ = min4 = this->max4_ = max4 = -1;
 
-    this->cmd_ = str_sprintf("detRangeCfg -1 %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f", min1 / 0.15, max1 / 0.15, min2 / 0.15, max2 / 0.15);
+    char buf[72];  // max 72: "detRangeCfg -1 "(15) + 8 * (float(5) + space(1)) + null
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "detRangeCfg -1 %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f", min1 / 0.15, max1 / 0.15, min2 / 0.15,
+             max2 / 0.15);
+    this->cmd_ = buf;
   } else if (min4 < 0 || max4 < 0) {
     this->min1_ = min1 = round(min1 / 0.15) * 0.15;
     this->max1_ = max1 = round(max1 / 0.15) * 0.15;
@@ -145,9 +150,10 @@ DetRangeCfgCommand::DetRangeCfgCommand(float min1, float max1, float min2, float
     this->max3_ = max3 = round(max3 / 0.15) * 0.15;
     this->min4_ = min4 = this->max4_ = max4 = -1;
 
-    this->cmd_ = str_sprintf("detRangeCfg -1 "
+    char buf[72];  // max 72: "detRangeCfg -1 "(15) + 8 * (float(5) + space(1)) + null
-                             "%.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f",
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "detRangeCfg -1 %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f", min1 / 0.15, max1 / 0.15, min2 / 0.15,
-                             min1 / 0.15, max1 / 0.15, min2 / 0.15, max2 / 0.15, min3 / 0.15, max3 / 0.15);
+             max2 / 0.15, min3 / 0.15, max3 / 0.15);
+    this->cmd_ = buf;
   } else {
     this->min1_ = min1 = round(min1 / 0.15) * 0.15;
     this->max1_ = max1 = round(max1 / 0.15) * 0.15;
@@ -158,10 +164,10 @@ DetRangeCfgCommand::DetRangeCfgCommand(float min1, float max1, float min2, float
     this->min4_ = min4 = round(min4 / 0.15) * 0.15;
     this->max4_ = max4 = round(max4 / 0.15) * 0.15;
 
-    this->cmd_ = str_sprintf("detRangeCfg -1 "
+    char buf[72];  // max 72: "detRangeCfg -1 "(15) + 8 * (float(5) + space(1)) + null
-                             "%.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f",
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "detRangeCfg -1 %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f", min1 / 0.15, max1 / 0.15,
-                             min1 / 0.15, max1 / 0.15, min2 / 0.15, max2 / 0.15, min3 / 0.15, max3 / 0.15, min4 / 0.15,
+             min2 / 0.15, max2 / 0.15, min3 / 0.15, max3 / 0.15, min4 / 0.15, max4 / 0.15);
-                             max4 / 0.15);
+    this->cmd_ = buf;
   }
 
   this->min1_ = min1;
@@ -203,7 +209,10 @@ SetLatencyCommand::SetLatencyCommand(float delay_after_detection, float delay_af
   delay_after_disappear = std::round(delay_after_disappear / 0.025f) * 0.025f;
   this->delay_after_detection_ = clamp(delay_after_detection, 0.0f, 1638.375f);
   this->delay_after_disappear_ = clamp(delay_after_disappear, 0.0f, 1638.375f);
-  this->cmd_ = str_sprintf("setLatency %.03f %.03f", this->delay_after_detection_, this->delay_after_disappear_);
+  // max 32: "setLatency "(11) + float(8) + " "(1) + float(8) + null, rounded to 32
+  char buf[32];
+  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "setLatency %.03f %.03f", this->delay_after_detection_, this->delay_after_disappear_);
+  this->cmd_ = buf;
 };
 
 uint8_t SetLatencyCommand::on_message(std::string &message) {

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0395/commands.h

@@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ class SetLatencyCommand : public Command {
 class SensorCfgStartCommand : public Command {
  public:
   SensorCfgStartCommand(bool startup_mode) : startup_mode_(startup_mode) {
-    char tmp_cmd[20] = {0};
+    char tmp_cmd[20];  // "sensorCfgStart " (15) + "0/1" (1) + null = 17
-    sprintf(tmp_cmd, "sensorCfgStart %d", startup_mode);
+    buf_append_printf(tmp_cmd, sizeof(tmp_cmd), 0, "sensorCfgStart %d", startup_mode);
     cmd_ = std::string(tmp_cmd);
   }
   uint8_t on_message(std::string &message) override;
@@ -142,8 +142,8 @@ class SensitivityCommand : public Command {
   SensitivityCommand(uint8_t sensitivity) : sensitivity_(sensitivity) {
     if (sensitivity > 9)
       sensitivity_ = sensitivity = 9;
-    char tmp_cmd[20] = {0};
+    char tmp_cmd[20];  // "setSensitivity " (15) + "0-9" (1) + null = 17
-    sprintf(tmp_cmd, "setSensitivity %d", sensitivity);
+    buf_append_printf(tmp_cmd, sizeof(tmp_cmd), 0, "setSensitivity %d", sensitivity);
     cmd_ = std::string(tmp_cmd);
   };
   uint8_t on_message(std::string &message) override;

esphome/components/dsmr/__init__.py

@@ -25,29 +25,13 @@ dsmr_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("esphome::dsmr")
 Dsmr = dsmr_ns.class_("Dsmr", cg.Component, uart.UARTDevice)
 
 
-def _validate_key(value):
-    value = cv.string_strict(value)
-    parts = [value[i : i + 2] for i in range(0, len(value), 2)]
-    if len(parts) != 16:
-        raise cv.Invalid("Decryption key must consist of 16 hexadecimal numbers")
-    parts_int = []
-    if any(len(part) != 2 for part in parts):
-        raise cv.Invalid("Decryption key must be format XX")
-    for part in parts:
-        try:
-            parts_int.append(int(part, 16))
-        except ValueError:
-            # pylint: disable=raise-missing-from
-            raise cv.Invalid("Decryption key must be hex values from 00 to FF")
-
-    return "".join(f"{part:02X}" for part in parts_int)
-
-
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
     cv.Schema(
         {
             cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(Dsmr),
-            cv.Optional(CONF_DECRYPTION_KEY): _validate_key,
+            cv.Optional(CONF_DECRYPTION_KEY): lambda value: cv.bind_key(
+                value, name="Decryption key"
+            ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_CRC_CHECK, default=True): cv.boolean,
             cv.Optional(CONF_GAS_MBUS_ID, default=1): cv.int_,
             cv.Optional(CONF_WATER_MBUS_ID, default=2): cv.int_,

esphome/components/dsmr/dsmr.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "dsmr.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
 #include <AES.h>
@@ -294,8 +295,8 @@ void Dsmr::dump_config() {
   DSMR_TEXT_SENSOR_LIST(DSMR_LOG_TEXT_SENSOR, )
 }
 
-void Dsmr::set_decryption_key(const std::string &decryption_key) {
+void Dsmr::set_decryption_key(const char *decryption_key) {
-  if (decryption_key.empty()) {
+  if (decryption_key == nullptr || decryption_key[0] == '\0') {
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Disabling decryption");
     this->decryption_key_.clear();
     if (this->crypt_telegram_ != nullptr) {
@@ -305,21 +306,15 @@ void Dsmr::set_decryption_key(const std::string &decryption_key) {
     return;
   }
 
-  if (decryption_key.length() != 32) {
+  if (!parse_hex(decryption_key, this->decryption_key_, 16)) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error, decryption key must be 32 character long");
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error, decryption key must be 32 hex characters");
+    this->decryption_key_.clear();
     return;
   }
-  this->decryption_key_.clear();
 
   ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Decryption key is set");
   // Verbose level prints decryption key
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Using decryption key: %s", decryption_key.c_str());
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Using decryption key: %s", decryption_key);
-
-  char temp[3] = {0};
-  for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
-    strncpy(temp, &(decryption_key.c_str()[i * 2]), 2);
-    this->decryption_key_.push_back(std::strtoul(temp, nullptr, 16));
-  }
 
   if (this->crypt_telegram_ == nullptr) {
     this->crypt_telegram_ = new uint8_t[this->max_telegram_len_];  // NOLINT

esphome/components/dsmr/dsmr.h

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class Dsmr : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
 
   void dump_config() override;
 
-  void set_decryption_key(const std::string &decryption_key);
+  void set_decryption_key(const char *decryption_key);
   void set_max_telegram_length(size_t length) { this->max_telegram_len_ = length; }
   void set_request_pin(GPIOPin *request_pin) { this->request_pin_ = request_pin; }
   void set_request_interval(uint32_t interval) { this->request_interval_ = interval; }

esphome/components/duty_time/duty_time_sensor.cpp

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ void DutyTimeSensor::setup() {
   uint32_t seconds = 0;
 
   if (this->restore_) {
-    this->pref_ = global_preferences->make_preference<uint32_t>(this->get_preference_hash());
+    this->pref_ = this->make_entity_preference<uint32_t>();
     this->pref_.load(&seconds);
   }
 

esphome/components/esp32/__init__.py

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     KEY_CORE,
     KEY_FRAMEWORK_VERSION,
     KEY_NAME,
+    KEY_NATIVE_IDF,
     KEY_TARGET_FRAMEWORK,
     KEY_TARGET_PLATFORM,
     PLATFORM_ESP32,
@@ -53,6 +54,8 @@ from .const import (  # noqa
     KEY_COMPONENTS,
     KEY_ESP32,
     KEY_EXTRA_BUILD_FILES,
+    KEY_FLASH_SIZE,
+    KEY_FULL_CERT_BUNDLE,
     KEY_PATH,
     KEY_REF,
     KEY_REPO,
@@ -205,6 +208,7 @@ def set_core_data(config):
     )
 
     CORE.data[KEY_ESP32][KEY_BOARD] = config[CONF_BOARD]
+    CORE.data[KEY_ESP32][KEY_FLASH_SIZE] = config[CONF_FLASH_SIZE]
     CORE.data[KEY_ESP32][KEY_VARIANT] = variant
     CORE.data[KEY_ESP32][KEY_EXTRA_BUILD_FILES] = {}
 
@@ -345,7 +349,12 @@ def add_extra_build_file(filename: str, path: Path) -> bool:
 def _format_framework_arduino_version(ver: cv.Version) -> str:
     # format the given arduino (https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/releases) version to
     # a PIO pioarduino/framework-arduinoespressif32 value
-    return f"pioarduino/framework-arduinoespressif32@https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/releases/download/{str(ver)}/esp32-{str(ver)}.zip"
+    # 3.3.6+ changed filename from esp32-{ver}.zip to esp32-core-{ver}.tar.xz
+    if ver >= cv.Version(3, 3, 6):
+        filename = f"esp32-core-{ver}.tar.xz"
+    else:
+        filename = f"esp32-{ver}.zip"
+    return f"pioarduino/framework-arduinoespressif32@https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/releases/download/{ver}/{filename}"
 
 
 def _format_framework_espidf_version(ver: cv.Version, release: str) -> str:
@@ -380,11 +389,12 @@ def _is_framework_url(source: str) -> bool:
 # The default/recommended arduino framework version
 #  - https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/releases
 ARDUINO_FRAMEWORK_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
-    "recommended": cv.Version(3, 3, 5),
+    "recommended": cv.Version(3, 3, 6),
-    "latest": cv.Version(3, 3, 5),
+    "latest": cv.Version(3, 3, 6),
-    "dev": cv.Version(3, 3, 5),
+    "dev": cv.Version(3, 3, 6),
 }
 ARDUINO_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
+    cv.Version(3, 3, 6): cv.Version(55, 3, 36),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 5): cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 4): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 3): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
@@ -402,6 +412,7 @@ ARDUINO_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
 # These versions correspond to pioarduino/esp-idf releases
 # See: https://github.com/pioarduino/esp-idf/releases
 ARDUINO_IDF_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
+    cv.Version(3, 3, 6): cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 5): cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 4): cv.Version(5, 5, 1),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 3): cv.Version(5, 5, 1),
@@ -424,7 +435,7 @@ ESP_IDF_FRAMEWORK_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
     "dev": cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
 }
 ESP_IDF_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
-    cv.Version(5, 5, 2): cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
+    cv.Version(5, 5, 2): cv.Version(55, 3, 36),
     cv.Version(5, 5, 1): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
     cv.Version(5, 5, 0): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
     cv.Version(5, 4, 3): cv.Version(55, 3, 32),
@@ -441,9 +452,9 @@ ESP_IDF_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
 # The platform-espressif32 version
 #  - https://github.com/pioarduino/platform-espressif32/releases
 PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
-    "recommended": cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
+    "recommended": cv.Version(55, 3, 36),
-    "latest": cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
+    "latest": cv.Version(55, 3, 36),
-    "dev": cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
+    "dev": cv.Version(55, 3, 36),
 }
 
 
@@ -660,6 +671,7 @@ CONF_FREERTOS_IN_IRAM = "freertos_in_iram"
 CONF_RINGBUF_IN_IRAM = "ringbuf_in_iram"
 CONF_HEAP_IN_IRAM = "heap_in_iram"
 CONF_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE = "loop_task_stack_size"
+CONF_USE_FULL_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE = "use_full_certificate_bundle"
 
 # VFS requirement tracking
 # Components that need VFS features can call require_vfs_select() or require_vfs_dir()
@@ -685,6 +697,18 @@ def require_vfs_dir() -> None:
     CORE.data[KEY_VFS_DIR_REQUIRED] = True
 
 
+def require_full_certificate_bundle() -> None:
+    """Request the full certificate bundle instead of the common-CAs-only bundle.
+
+    By default, ESPHome uses CONFIG_MBEDTLS_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE_DEFAULT_CMN which
+    includes only CAs with >1% market share (~51 KB smaller than full bundle).
+    This covers ~99% of websites including Let's Encrypt, DigiCert, Google, Amazon.
+
+    Call this from components that need to connect to services using uncommon CAs.
+    """
+    CORE.data[KEY_ESP32][KEY_FULL_CERT_BUNDLE] = True
+
+
 def _parse_idf_component(value: str) -> ConfigType:
     """Parse IDF component shorthand syntax like 'owner/component^version'"""
     # Match operator followed by version-like string (digit or *)
@@ -766,6 +790,9 @@ FRAMEWORK_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
                     min=8192, max=32768
                 ),
                 cv.Optional(CONF_ENABLE_OTA_ROLLBACK, default=True): cv.boolean,
+                cv.Optional(
+                    CONF_USE_FULL_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE, default=False
+                ): cv.boolean,
             }
         ),
         cv.Optional(CONF_COMPONENTS, default=[]): cv.ensure_list(
@@ -968,12 +995,54 @@ async def _add_yaml_idf_components(components: list[ConfigType]):
 
 
 async def to_code(config):
-    cg.add_platformio_option("board", config[CONF_BOARD])
+    framework_ver: cv.Version = CORE.data[KEY_CORE][KEY_FRAMEWORK_VERSION]
-    cg.add_platformio_option("board_upload.flash_size", config[CONF_FLASH_SIZE])
+    conf = config[CONF_FRAMEWORK]
-    cg.add_platformio_option(
+
-        "board_upload.maximum_size",
+    # Check if using native ESP-IDF build (--native-idf)
-        int(config[CONF_FLASH_SIZE].removesuffix("MB")) * 1024 * 1024,
+    use_platformio = not CORE.data.get(KEY_NATIVE_IDF, False)
-    )
+    if use_platformio:
+        # Clear IDF environment variables to avoid conflicts with PlatformIO's ESP-IDF
+        # but keep them when using --native-idf for native ESP-IDF builds
+        for clean_var in ("IDF_PATH", "IDF_TOOLS_PATH"):
+            os.environ.pop(clean_var, None)
+
+        cg.add_platformio_option("lib_ldf_mode", "off")
+        cg.add_platformio_option("lib_compat_mode", "strict")
+        cg.add_platformio_option("platform", conf[CONF_PLATFORM_VERSION])
+        cg.add_platformio_option("board", config[CONF_BOARD])
+        cg.add_platformio_option("board_upload.flash_size", config[CONF_FLASH_SIZE])
+        cg.add_platformio_option(
+            "board_upload.maximum_size",
+            int(config[CONF_FLASH_SIZE].removesuffix("MB")) * 1024 * 1024,
+        )
+
+        if CONF_SOURCE in conf:
+            cg.add_platformio_option("platform_packages", [conf[CONF_SOURCE]])
+
+        add_extra_script(
+            "pre",
+            "pre_build.py",
+            Path(__file__).parent / "pre_build.py.script",
+        )
+
+        add_extra_script(
+            "post",
+            "post_build.py",
+            Path(__file__).parent / "post_build.py.script",
+        )
+
+        # In testing mode, add IRAM fix script to allow linking grouped component tests
+        # Similar to ESP8266's approach but for ESP-IDF
+        if CORE.testing_mode:
+            cg.add_build_flag("-DESPHOME_TESTING_MODE")
+            add_extra_script(
+                "pre",
+                "iram_fix.py",
+                Path(__file__).parent / "iram_fix.py.script",
+            )
+    else:
+        cg.add_build_flag("-Wno-error=format")
+
     cg.set_cpp_standard("gnu++20")
     cg.add_build_flag("-DUSE_ESP32")
     cg.add_build_flag("-Wl,-z,noexecstack")
@@ -983,81 +1052,76 @@ async def to_code(config):
     cg.add_define("ESPHOME_VARIANT", VARIANT_FRIENDLY[variant])
     cg.add_define(ThreadModel.MULTI_ATOMICS)
 
-    cg.add_platformio_option("lib_ldf_mode", "off")
-    cg.add_platformio_option("lib_compat_mode", "strict")
-
-    framework_ver: cv.Version = CORE.data[KEY_CORE][KEY_FRAMEWORK_VERSION]
-
-    conf = config[CONF_FRAMEWORK]
-    cg.add_platformio_option("platform", conf[CONF_PLATFORM_VERSION])
-    if CONF_SOURCE in conf:
-        cg.add_platformio_option("platform_packages", [conf[CONF_SOURCE]])
-
     if conf[CONF_ADVANCED][CONF_IGNORE_EFUSE_CUSTOM_MAC]:
         cg.add_define("USE_ESP32_IGNORE_EFUSE_CUSTOM_MAC")
 
-    for clean_var in ("IDF_PATH", "IDF_TOOLS_PATH"):
-        os.environ.pop(clean_var, None)
-
     # Set the location of the IDF component manager cache
     os.environ["IDF_COMPONENT_CACHE_PATH"] = str(
         CORE.relative_internal_path(".espressif")
     )
 
-    add_extra_script(
-        "pre",
-        "pre_build.py",
-        Path(__file__).parent / "pre_build.py.script",
-    )
-
-    add_extra_script(
-        "post",
-        "post_build.py",
-        Path(__file__).parent / "post_build.py.script",
-    )
-
-    # In testing mode, add IRAM fix script to allow linking grouped component tests
-    # Similar to ESP8266's approach but for ESP-IDF
-    if CORE.testing_mode:
-        cg.add_build_flag("-DESPHOME_TESTING_MODE")
-        add_extra_script(
-            "pre",
-            "iram_fix.py",
-            Path(__file__).parent / "iram_fix.py.script",
-        )
-
     if conf[CONF_TYPE] == FRAMEWORK_ESP_IDF:
-        cg.add_platformio_option("framework", "espidf")
         cg.add_build_flag("-DUSE_ESP_IDF")
         cg.add_build_flag("-DUSE_ESP32_FRAMEWORK_ESP_IDF")
+        if use_platformio:
+            cg.add_platformio_option("framework", "espidf")
+
+        # Wrap std::__throw_* functions to abort immediately, eliminating ~3KB of
+        # exception class overhead. See throw_stubs.cpp for implementation.
+        # ESP-IDF already compiles with -fno-exceptions, so this code was dead anyway.
+        for mangled in [
+            "_ZSt20__throw_length_errorPKc",
+            "_ZSt19__throw_logic_errorPKc",
+            "_ZSt20__throw_out_of_rangePKc",
+            "_ZSt24__throw_out_of_range_fmtPKcz",
+            "_ZSt17__throw_bad_allocv",
+            "_ZSt25__throw_bad_function_callv",
+        ]:
+            cg.add_build_flag(f"-Wl,--wrap={mangled}")
     else:
-        cg.add_platformio_option("framework", "arduino, espidf")
         cg.add_build_flag("-DUSE_ARDUINO")
         cg.add_build_flag("-DUSE_ESP32_FRAMEWORK_ARDUINO")
+        if use_platformio:
+            cg.add_platformio_option("framework", "arduino, espidf")
+
+            # Add IDF framework source for Arduino builds to ensure it uses the same version as
+            # the ESP-IDF framework
+            if (idf_ver := ARDUINO_IDF_VERSION_LOOKUP.get(framework_ver)) is not None:
+                cg.add_platformio_option(
+                    "platform_packages",
+                    [_format_framework_espidf_version(idf_ver, None)],
+                )
+
+            # ESP32-S2 Arduino: Disable USB Serial on boot to avoid TinyUSB dependency
+            if get_esp32_variant() == VARIANT_ESP32S2:
+                cg.add_build_unflag("-DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1")
+                cg.add_build_unflag("-DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=0")
+                cg.add_build_flag("-DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=0")
+
         cg.add_define(
             "USE_ARDUINO_VERSION_CODE",
             cg.RawExpression(
                 f"VERSION_CODE({framework_ver.major}, {framework_ver.minor}, {framework_ver.patch})"
             ),
         )
+
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_MBEDTLS_PSK_MODES", True)
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_MBEDTLS_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE", True)
 
-        # Add IDF framework source for Arduino builds to ensure it uses the same version as
-        # the ESP-IDF framework
-        if (idf_ver := ARDUINO_IDF_VERSION_LOOKUP.get(framework_ver)) is not None:
-            cg.add_platformio_option(
-                "platform_packages", [_format_framework_espidf_version(idf_ver, None)]
-            )
-
-        # ESP32-S2 Arduino: Disable USB Serial on boot to avoid TinyUSB dependency
-        if get_esp32_variant() == VARIANT_ESP32S2:
-            cg.add_build_unflag("-DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1")
-            cg.add_build_unflag("-DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=0")
-            cg.add_build_flag("-DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=0")
-
     cg.add_build_flag("-Wno-nonnull-compare")
 
+    # Use CMN (common CAs) bundle by default to save ~51KB flash
+    # CMN covers CAs with >1% market share (~99% of websites)
+    # Components needing uncommon CAs can call require_full_certificate_bundle()
+    use_full_bundle = conf[CONF_ADVANCED].get(
+        CONF_USE_FULL_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE, False
+    ) or CORE.data[KEY_ESP32].get(KEY_FULL_CERT_BUNDLE, False)
+    add_idf_sdkconfig_option(
+        "CONFIG_MBEDTLS_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE_DEFAULT_FULL", use_full_bundle
+    )
+    if not use_full_bundle:
+        add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_MBEDTLS_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE_DEFAULT_CMN", True)
+
     add_idf_sdkconfig_option(f"CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_{variant}", True)
     add_idf_sdkconfig_option(
         f"CONFIG_ESPTOOLPY_FLASHSIZE_{config[CONF_FLASH_SIZE]}", True
@@ -1202,7 +1266,8 @@ async def to_code(config):
             "CONFIG_VFS_SUPPORT_DIR", not advanced[CONF_DISABLE_VFS_SUPPORT_DIR]
         )
 
-    cg.add_platformio_option("board_build.partitions", "partitions.csv")
+    if use_platformio:
+        cg.add_platformio_option("board_build.partitions", "partitions.csv")
     if CONF_PARTITIONS in config:
         add_extra_build_file(
             "partitions.csv", CORE.relative_config_path(config[CONF_PARTITIONS])
@@ -1367,19 +1432,16 @@ def copy_files():
     _write_idf_component_yml()
 
     if "partitions.csv" not in CORE.data[KEY_ESP32][KEY_EXTRA_BUILD_FILES]:
+        flash_size = CORE.data[KEY_ESP32][KEY_FLASH_SIZE]
         if CORE.using_arduino:
             write_file_if_changed(
                 CORE.relative_build_path("partitions.csv"),
-                get_arduino_partition_csv(
+                get_arduino_partition_csv(flash_size),
-                    CORE.platformio_options.get("board_upload.flash_size")
-                ),
             )
         else:
             write_file_if_changed(
                 CORE.relative_build_path("partitions.csv"),
-                get_idf_partition_csv(
+                get_idf_partition_csv(flash_size),
-                    CORE.platformio_options.get("board_upload.flash_size")
-                ),
             )
     # IDF build scripts look for version string to put in the build.
     # However, if the build path does not have an initialized git repo,

esphome/components/esp32/boards.py

@@ -175,6 +175,32 @@ ESP32_BOARD_PINS = {
         "LED": 13,
         "LED_BUILTIN": 13,
     },
+    "adafruit_feather_esp32s3_reversetft": {
+        "BUTTON": 0,
+        "A0": 18,
+        "A1": 17,
+        "A2": 16,
+        "A3": 15,
+        "A4": 14,
+        "A5": 8,
+        "SCK": 36,
+        "MOSI": 35,
+        "MISO": 37,
+        "RX": 38,
+        "TX": 39,
+        "SCL": 4,
+        "SDA": 3,
+        "NEOPIXEL": 33,
+        "PIN_NEOPIXEL": 33,
+        "NEOPIXEL_POWER": 21,
+        "TFT_I2C_POWER": 7,
+        "TFT_CS": 42,
+        "TFT_DC": 40,
+        "TFT_RESET": 41,
+        "TFT_BACKLIGHT": 45,
+        "LED": 13,
+        "LED_BUILTIN": 13,
+    },
     "adafruit_feather_esp32s3_tft": {
         "BUTTON": 0,
         "A0": 18,

esphome/components/esp32/const.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import esphome.codegen as cg
 
 KEY_ESP32 = "esp32"
 KEY_BOARD = "board"
+KEY_FLASH_SIZE = "flash_size"
 KEY_VARIANT = "variant"
 KEY_SDKCONFIG_OPTIONS = "sdkconfig_options"
 KEY_COMPONENTS = "components"
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ KEY_REFRESH = "refresh"
 KEY_PATH = "path"
 KEY_SUBMODULES = "submodules"
 KEY_EXTRA_BUILD_FILES = "extra_build_files"
+KEY_FULL_CERT_BUNDLE = "full_cert_bundle"
 
 VARIANT_ESP32 = "ESP32"
 VARIANT_ESP32C2 = "ESP32C2"

esphome/components/esp32/preferences.cpp

@@ -181,7 +181,8 @@ class ESP32Preferences : public ESPPreferences {
     if (actual_len != to_save.len) {
       return true;
     }
-    auto stored_data = std::make_unique<uint8_t[]>(actual_len);
+    // Most preferences are small, use stack buffer with heap fallback for large ones
+    SmallBufferWithHeapFallback<256> stored_data(actual_len);
     err = nvs_get_blob(nvs_handle, key_str, stored_data.get(), &actual_len);
     if (err != 0) {
       ESP_LOGV(TAG, "nvs_get_blob('%s') failed: %s", key_str, esp_err_to_name(err));

esphome/components/esp32/throw_stubs.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Linker wrap stubs for std::__throw_* functions.
+ *
+ * ESP-IDF compiles with -fno-exceptions, so C++ exceptions always abort.
+ * However, ESP-IDF only wraps low-level functions (__cxa_throw, etc.),
+ * not the std::__throw_* functions that construct exception objects first.
+ * This pulls in ~3KB of dead exception class code that can never run.
+ *
+ * ESP8266 Arduino already solved this: their toolchain rebuilds libstdc++
+ * with throw functions that just call abort(). We achieve the same result
+ * using linker --wrap without requiring toolchain changes.
+ *
+ * These stubs abort immediately with a descriptive message, allowing
+ * the linker to dead-code eliminate the exception class infrastructure.
+ *
+ * Wrapped functions and their callers:
+ * - std::__throw_length_error: std::string::reserve, std::vector::reserve
+ * - std::__throw_logic_error: std::promise, std::packaged_task
+ * - std::__throw_out_of_range: std::string::at, std::vector::at
+ * - std::__throw_out_of_range_fmt: std::bitset::to_ulong
+ * - std::__throw_bad_alloc: operator new
+ * - std::__throw_bad_function_call: std::function::operator()
+ */
+
+#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
+#include "esp_system.h"
+
+namespace esphome::esp32 {}
+
+// Linker wraps for std::__throw_* - must be extern "C" at global scope.
+// Names must be __wrap_ + mangled name for the linker's --wrap option.
+
+// NOLINTBEGIN(bugprone-reserved-identifier,cert-dcl37-c,cert-dcl51-cpp,readability-identifier-naming)
+extern "C" {
+
+// std::__throw_length_error(char const*) - called when container size exceeds max_size()
+void __wrap__ZSt20__throw_length_errorPKc(const char *) { esp_system_abort("std::length_error"); }
+
+// std::__throw_logic_error(char const*) - called for logic errors (e.g., promise already satisfied)
+void __wrap__ZSt19__throw_logic_errorPKc(const char *) { esp_system_abort("std::logic_error"); }
+
+// std::__throw_out_of_range(char const*) - called by at() when index is out of bounds
+void __wrap__ZSt20__throw_out_of_rangePKc(const char *) { esp_system_abort("std::out_of_range"); }
+
+// std::__throw_out_of_range_fmt(char const*, ...) - called by bitset::to_ulong when value doesn't fit
+void __wrap__ZSt24__throw_out_of_range_fmtPKcz(const char *, ...) { esp_system_abort("std::out_of_range"); }
+
+// std::__throw_bad_alloc() - called when operator new fails
+void __wrap__ZSt17__throw_bad_allocv() { esp_system_abort("std::bad_alloc"); }
+
+// std::__throw_bad_function_call() - called when invoking empty std::function
+void __wrap__ZSt25__throw_bad_function_callv() { esp_system_abort("std::bad_function_call"); }
+
+}  // extern "C"
+// NOLINTEND(bugprone-reserved-identifier,cert-dcl37-c,cert-dcl51-cpp,readability-identifier-naming)
+
+#endif  // USE_ESP_IDF

esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble_uuid.h

@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ class ESPBTUUID {
 
   esp_bt_uuid_t get_uuid() const;
 
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("Use to_str() instead. Removed in 2026.8.0", "2026.2.0")
   std::string to_string() const;
   const char *to_str(std::span<char, UUID_STR_LEN> output) const;
 

esphome/components/esp32_ble_client/ble_client_base.cpp

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ void BLEClientBase::loop() {
     this->set_state(espbt::ClientState::INIT);
     return;
   }
-  if (this->state_ == espbt::ClientState::INIT) {
+  if (this->state() == espbt::ClientState::INIT) {
     auto ret = esp_ble_gattc_app_register(this->app_id);
     if (ret) {
       ESP_LOGE(TAG, "gattc app register failed. app_id=%d code=%d", this->app_id, ret);
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ void BLEClientBase::loop() {
   }
   // If idle, we can disable the loop as connect()
   // will enable it again when a connection is needed.
-  else if (this->state_ == espbt::ClientState::IDLE) {
+  else if (this->state() == espbt::ClientState::IDLE) {
     this->disable_loop();
   }
 }
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ bool BLEClientBase::parse_device(const espbt::ESPBTDevice &device) {
     return false;
   if (this->address_ == 0 || device.address_uint64() != this->address_)
     return false;
-  if (this->state_ != espbt::ClientState::IDLE)
+  if (this->state() != espbt::ClientState::IDLE)
     return false;
 
   this->log_event_("Found device");
@@ -102,10 +102,10 @@ bool BLEClientBase::parse_device(const espbt::ESPBTDevice &device) {
 
 void BLEClientBase::connect() {
   // Prevent duplicate connection attempts
-  if (this->state_ == espbt::ClientState::CONNECTING || this->state_ == espbt::ClientState::CONNECTED ||
+  if (this->state() == espbt::ClientState::CONNECTING || this->state() == espbt::ClientState::CONNECTED ||
-      this->state_ == espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED) {
+      this->state() == espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "[%d] [%s] Connection already in progress, state=%s", this->connection_index_, this->address_str_,
-             espbt::client_state_to_string(this->state_));
+             espbt::client_state_to_string(this->state()));
     return;
   }
   ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%d] [%s] 0x%02x Connecting", this->connection_index_, this->address_str_, this->remote_addr_type_);
@@ -133,12 +133,12 @@ void BLEClientBase::connect() {
 esp_err_t BLEClientBase::pair() { return esp_ble_set_encryption(this->remote_bda_, ESP_BLE_SEC_ENCRYPT); }
 
 void BLEClientBase::disconnect() {
-  if (this->state_ == espbt::ClientState::IDLE || this->state_ == espbt::ClientState::DISCONNECTING) {
+  if (this->state() == espbt::ClientState::IDLE || this->state() == espbt::ClientState::DISCONNECTING) {
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%d] [%s] Disconnect requested, but already %s", this->connection_index_, this->address_str_,
-             espbt::client_state_to_string(this->state_));
+             espbt::client_state_to_string(this->state()));
     return;
   }
-  if (this->state_ == espbt::ClientState::CONNECTING || this->conn_id_ == UNSET_CONN_ID) {
+  if (this->state() == espbt::ClientState::CONNECTING || this->conn_id_ == UNSET_CONN_ID) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%d] [%s] Disconnect before connected, disconnect scheduled", this->connection_index_,
              this->address_str_);
     this->want_disconnect_ = true;
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ void BLEClientBase::disconnect() {
 void BLEClientBase::unconditional_disconnect() {
   // Disconnect without checking the state.
   ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%d] [%s] Disconnecting (conn_id: %d).", this->connection_index_, this->address_str_, this->conn_id_);
-  if (this->state_ == espbt::ClientState::DISCONNECTING) {
+  if (this->state() == espbt::ClientState::DISCONNECTING) {
     this->log_error_("Already disconnecting");
     return;
   }
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ void BLEClientBase::unconditional_disconnect() {
     this->log_gattc_warning_("esp_ble_gattc_close", err);
   }
 
-  if (this->state_ == espbt::ClientState::DISCOVERED) {
+  if (this->state() == espbt::ClientState::DISCOVERED) {
     this->set_address(0);
     this->set_state(espbt::ClientState::IDLE);
   } else {
@@ -295,18 +295,18 @@ bool BLEClientBase::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_
       // ESP-IDF's BLE stack may send ESP_GATTC_OPEN_EVT after esp_ble_gattc_open() returns an
       // error, if the error occurred at the BTA/GATT layer. This can result in the event
       // arriving after we've already transitioned to IDLE state.
-      if (this->state_ == espbt::ClientState::IDLE) {
+      if (this->state() == espbt::ClientState::IDLE) {
         ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%d] [%s] ESP_GATTC_OPEN_EVT in IDLE state (status=%d), ignoring", this->connection_index_,
                  this->address_str_, param->open.status);
         break;
       }
 
-      if (this->state_ != espbt::ClientState::CONNECTING) {
+      if (this->state() != espbt::ClientState::CONNECTING) {
         // This should not happen but lets log it in case it does
         // because it means we have a bad assumption about how the
         // ESP BT stack works.
         ESP_LOGE(TAG, "[%d] [%s] ESP_GATTC_OPEN_EVT in %s state (status=%d)", this->connection_index_,
-                 this->address_str_, espbt::client_state_to_string(this->state_), param->open.status);
+                 this->address_str_, espbt::client_state_to_string(this->state()), param->open.status);
       }
       if (param->open.status != ESP_GATT_OK && param->open.status != ESP_GATT_ALREADY_OPEN) {
         this->log_gattc_warning_("Connection open", param->open.status);
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ bool BLEClientBase::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_
       if (this->connection_type_ == espbt::ConnectionType::V3_WITH_CACHE) {
         // Cached connections already connected with medium parameters, no update needed
         // only set our state, subclients might have more stuff to do yet.
-        this->state_ = espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED;
+        this->set_state_internal_(espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED);
         break;
       }
       // For V3_WITHOUT_CACHE, we already set fast params before connecting
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ bool BLEClientBase::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_
         return false;
       // Check if we were disconnected while waiting for service discovery
       if (param->disconnect.reason == ESP_GATT_CONN_TERMINATE_PEER_USER &&
-          this->state_ == espbt::ClientState::CONNECTED) {
+          this->state() == espbt::ClientState::CONNECTED) {
         this->log_warning_("Remote closed during discovery");
       } else {
         ESP_LOGD(TAG, "[%d] [%s] ESP_GATTC_DISCONNECT_EVT, reason 0x%02x", this->connection_index_, this->address_str_,
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ bool BLEClientBase::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_
 #endif
       }
       ESP_LOGI(TAG, "[%d] [%s] Service discovery complete", this->connection_index_, this->address_str_);
-      this->state_ = espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED;
+      this->set_state_internal_(espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED);
       break;
     }
     case ESP_GATTC_READ_DESCR_EVT: {

esphome/components/esp32_ble_client/ble_client_base.h

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class BLEClientBase : public espbt::ESPBTClient, public Component {
   void unconditional_disconnect();
   void release_services();
 
-  bool connected() { return this->state_ == espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED; }
+  bool connected() { return this->state() == espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED; }
 
   void set_auto_connect(bool auto_connect) { this->auto_connect_ = auto_connect; }
 

esphome/components/esp32_ble_tracker/esp32_ble_tracker.cpp

@@ -105,15 +105,13 @@ void ESP32BLETracker::loop() {
   }
 
   // Check for scan timeout - moved here from scheduler to avoid false reboots
-  // when the loop is blocked
+  // when the loop is blocked. This must run every iteration for safety.
   if (this->scanner_state_ == ScannerState::RUNNING) {
     switch (this->scan_timeout_state_) {
       case ScanTimeoutState::MONITORING: {
-        uint32_t now = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
-        uint32_t timeout_ms = this->scan_duration_ * 2000;
         // Robust time comparison that handles rollover correctly
         // This works because unsigned arithmetic wraps around predictably
-        if ((now - this->scan_start_time_) > timeout_ms) {
+        if ((App.get_loop_component_start_time() - this->scan_start_time_) > this->scan_timeout_ms_) {
           // First time we've seen the timeout exceeded - wait one more loop iteration
           // This ensures all components have had a chance to process pending events
           // This is because esp32_ble may not have run yet and called
@@ -128,13 +126,31 @@ void ESP32BLETracker::loop() {
         ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Scan never terminated, rebooting");
         App.reboot();
         break;
-
       case ScanTimeoutState::INACTIVE:
-        // This case should be unreachable - scanner and timeout states are always synchronized
         break;
     }
   }
 
+  // Fast path: skip expensive client state counting and processing
+  // if no state has changed since last loop iteration.
+  //
+  // How state changes ensure we reach the code below:
+  // - handle_scanner_failure_(): scanner_state_ becomes FAILED via set_scanner_state_(), or
+  //   scan_set_param_failed_ requires scanner_state_==RUNNING which can only be reached via
+  //   set_scanner_state_(RUNNING) in gap_scan_start_complete_() (scan params are set during
+  //   STARTING, not RUNNING, so version is always incremented before this condition is true)
+  // - start_scan_(): scanner_state_ becomes IDLE via set_scanner_state_() in cleanup_scan_state_()
+  // - try_promote_discovered_clients_(): client enters DISCOVERED via set_state(), or
+  //   connecting client finishes (state change), or scanner reaches RUNNING/IDLE
+  //
+  // All conditions that affect the logic below are tied to state changes that increment
+  // state_version_, so the fast path is safe.
+  if (this->state_version_ == this->last_processed_version_) {
+    return;
+  }
+  this->last_processed_version_ = this->state_version_;
+
+  // State changed - do full processing
   ClientStateCounts counts = this->count_client_states_();
   if (counts != this->client_state_counts_) {
     this->client_state_counts_ = counts;
@@ -142,6 +158,7 @@ void ESP32BLETracker::loop() {
              this->client_state_counts_.discovered, this->client_state_counts_.disconnecting);
   }
 
+  // Scanner failure: reached when set_scanner_state_(FAILED) or scan_set_param_failed_ set
   if (this->scanner_state_ == ScannerState::FAILED ||
       (this->scan_set_param_failed_ && this->scanner_state_ == ScannerState::RUNNING)) {
     this->handle_scanner_failure_();
@@ -160,6 +177,8 @@ void ESP32BLETracker::loop() {
 
   */
 
+  // Start scan: reached when scanner_state_ becomes IDLE (via set_scanner_state_()) and
+  // all clients are idle (their state changes increment version when they finish)
   if (this->scanner_state_ == ScannerState::IDLE && !counts.connecting && !counts.disconnecting && !counts.discovered) {
 #ifdef USE_ESP32_BLE_SOFTWARE_COEXISTENCE
     this->update_coex_preference_(false);
@@ -168,8 +187,9 @@ void ESP32BLETracker::loop() {
       this->start_scan_(false);  // first = false
     }
   }
-  // If there is a discovered client and no connecting
+  // Promote discovered clients: reached when a client's state becomes DISCOVERED (via set_state()),
-  // clients, then promote the discovered client to ready to connect.
+  // or when a blocking condition clears (connecting client finishes, scanner reaches RUNNING/IDLE).
+  // All these trigger state_version_ increment, so we'll process and check promotion eligibility.
   // We check both RUNNING and IDLE states because:
   // - RUNNING: gap_scan_event_handler initiates stop_scan_() but promotion can happen immediately
   // - IDLE: Scanner has already stopped (naturally or by gap_scan_event_handler)
@@ -236,6 +256,7 @@ void ESP32BLETracker::start_scan_(bool first) {
   // Start timeout monitoring in loop() instead of using scheduler
   // This prevents false reboots when the loop is blocked
   this->scan_start_time_ = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
+  this->scan_timeout_ms_ = this->scan_duration_ * 2000;
   this->scan_timeout_state_ = ScanTimeoutState::MONITORING;
 
   esp_err_t err = esp_ble_gap_set_scan_params(&this->scan_params_);
@@ -253,6 +274,10 @@ void ESP32BLETracker::start_scan_(bool first) {
 void ESP32BLETracker::register_client(ESPBTClient *client) {
 #ifdef ESPHOME_ESP32_BLE_TRACKER_CLIENT_COUNT
   client->app_id = ++this->app_id_;
+  // Give client a pointer to our state_version_ so it can notify us of state changes.
+  // This enables loop() fast-path optimization - we skip expensive work when no state changed.
+  // Safe because ESP32BLETracker (singleton) outlives all registered clients.
+  client->set_tracker_state_version(&this->state_version_);
   this->clients_.push_back(client);
   this->recalculate_advertisement_parser_types();
 #endif
@@ -382,6 +407,7 @@ void ESP32BLETracker::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_i
 
 void ESP32BLETracker::set_scanner_state_(ScannerState state) {
   this->scanner_state_ = state;
+  this->state_version_++;
   for (auto *listener : this->scanner_state_listeners_) {
     listener->on_scanner_state(state);
   }

esphome/components/esp32_ble_tracker/esp32_ble_tracker.h

@@ -216,6 +216,19 @@ enum class ConnectionType : uint8_t {
   V3_WITHOUT_CACHE
 };
 
+/// Base class for BLE GATT clients that connect to remote devices.
+///
+/// State Change Tracking Design:
+/// -----------------------------
+/// ESP32BLETracker::loop() needs to know when client states change to avoid
+/// expensive polling. Rather than checking all clients every iteration (~7000/min),
+/// we use a version counter owned by ESP32BLETracker that clients increment on
+/// state changes. The tracker compares versions to skip work when nothing changed.
+///
+/// Ownership: ESP32BLETracker owns state_version_. Clients hold a non-owning
+/// pointer (tracker_state_version_) set during register_client(). Clients
+/// increment the counter through this pointer when their state changes.
+/// The pointer may be null if the client is not registered with a tracker.
 class ESPBTClient : public ESPBTDeviceListener {
  public:
   virtual bool gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gattc_if,
@@ -225,26 +238,49 @@ class ESPBTClient : public ESPBTDeviceListener {
   virtual void disconnect() = 0;
   bool disconnect_pending() const { return this->want_disconnect_; }
   void cancel_pending_disconnect() { this->want_disconnect_ = false; }
+
+  /// Set the client state with IDLE handling (clears want_disconnect_).
+  /// Notifies the tracker of state change for loop optimization.
   virtual void set_state(ClientState st) {
-    this->state_ = st;
+    this->set_state_internal_(st);
     if (st == ClientState::IDLE) {
       this->want_disconnect_ = false;
     }
   }
-  ClientState state() const { return state_; }
+  ClientState state() const { return this->state_; }
+
+  /// Called by ESP32BLETracker::register_client() to enable state change notifications.
+  /// The pointer must remain valid for the lifetime of the client (guaranteed since
+  /// ESP32BLETracker is a singleton that outlives all clients).
+  void set_tracker_state_version(uint8_t *version) { this->tracker_state_version_ = version; }
 
   // Memory optimized layout
   uint8_t app_id;  // App IDs are small integers assigned sequentially
 
  protected:
-  // Group 1: 1-byte types
+  /// Set state without IDLE handling - use for direct state transitions.
-  ClientState state_{ClientState::INIT};
+  /// Increments the tracker's state version counter to signal that loop()
+  /// should do full processing on the next iteration.
+  void set_state_internal_(ClientState st) {
+    this->state_ = st;
+    // Notify tracker that state changed (tracker_state_version_ is owned by ESP32BLETracker)
+    if (this->tracker_state_version_ != nullptr) {
+      (*this->tracker_state_version_)++;
+    }
+  }
+
   // want_disconnect_ is set to true when a disconnect is requested
   // while the client is connecting. This is used to disconnect the
   // client as soon as we get the connection id (conn_id_) from the
   // ESP_GATTC_OPEN_EVT event.
   bool want_disconnect_{false};
-  // 2 bytes used, 2 bytes padding
+
+ private:
+  ClientState state_{ClientState::INIT};
+  /// Non-owning pointer to ESP32BLETracker::state_version_. When this client's
+  /// state changes, we increment the tracker's counter to signal that loop()
+  /// should perform full processing. Null if client not registered with tracker.
+  uint8_t *tracker_state_version_{nullptr};
 };
 
 class ESP32BLETracker : public Component,
@@ -380,6 +416,16 @@ class ESP32BLETracker : public Component,
   // Group 4: 1-byte types (enums, uint8_t, bool)
   uint8_t app_id_{0};
   uint8_t scan_start_fail_count_{0};
+  /// Version counter for loop() fast-path optimization. Incremented when:
+  /// - Scanner state changes (via set_scanner_state_())
+  /// - Any registered client's state changes (clients hold pointer to this counter)
+  /// Owned by this class; clients receive non-owning pointer via register_client().
+  /// When loop() sees state_version_ == last_processed_version_, it skips expensive
+  /// client state counting and takes the fast path (just timeout check + return).
+  uint8_t state_version_{0};
+  /// Last state_version_ value when loop() did full processing. Compared against
+  /// state_version_ to detect if any state changed since last iteration.
+  uint8_t last_processed_version_{0};
   ScannerState scanner_state_{ScannerState::IDLE};
   bool scan_continuous_;
   bool scan_active_;
@@ -396,6 +442,8 @@ class ESP32BLETracker : public Component,
     EXCEEDED_WAIT,  // Timeout exceeded, waiting one loop before reboot
   };
   uint32_t scan_start_time_{0};
+  /// Precomputed timeout value: scan_duration_ * 2000
+  uint32_t scan_timeout_ms_{0};
   ScanTimeoutState scan_timeout_state_{ScanTimeoutState::INACTIVE};
 };