[api] Split process_batch_ to reduce stack on single-message hot path

Clamp buffer pre-allocation to MAX_BATCH_PACKET_SIZE.

esphome/components/api/api.proto

@@ -1155,9 +1155,11 @@ enum WaterHeaterCommandHasField {
   WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_NONE = 0;
   WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_MODE = 1;
   WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_TARGET_TEMPERATURE = 2;
-  WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_STATE = 4;
+  WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_STATE = 4 [deprecated=true];
   WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_TARGET_TEMPERATURE_LOW = 8;
   WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_TARGET_TEMPERATURE_HIGH = 16;
+  WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_ON_STATE = 32;
+  WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_AWAY_STATE = 64;
 }
 
 message WaterHeaterCommandRequest {

esphome/components/api/api_connection.cpp

@@ -1343,8 +1343,12 @@ void APIConnection::on_water_heater_command_request(const WaterHeaterCommandRequ
     call.set_target_temperature_low(msg.target_temperature_low);
   if (msg.has_fields & enums::WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_TARGET_TEMPERATURE_HIGH)
     call.set_target_temperature_high(msg.target_temperature_high);
-  if (msg.has_fields & enums::WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_STATE) {
+  if ((msg.has_fields & enums::WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_AWAY_STATE) ||
+      (msg.has_fields & enums::WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_STATE)) {
     call.set_away((msg.state & water_heater::WATER_HEATER_STATE_AWAY) != 0);
+  }
+  if ((msg.has_fields & enums::WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_ON_STATE) ||
+      (msg.has_fields & enums::WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_STATE)) {
     call.set_on((msg.state & water_heater::WATER_HEATER_STATE_ON) != 0);
   }
   call.perform();
@@ -1895,10 +1899,6 @@ bool APIConnection::schedule_batch_() {
 }
 
 void APIConnection::process_batch_() {
-  // Ensure MessageInfo remains trivially destructible for our placement new approach
-  static_assert(std::is_trivially_destructible<MessageInfo>::value,
-                "MessageInfo must remain trivially destructible with this placement-new approach");
-
   if (this->deferred_batch_.empty()) {
     this->flags_.batch_scheduled = false;
     return;
@@ -1923,6 +1923,10 @@ void APIConnection::process_batch_() {
   for (size_t i = 0; i < num_items; i++) {
     total_estimated_size += this->deferred_batch_[i].estimated_size;
   }
+  // Clamp to MAX_BATCH_PACKET_SIZE — we won't send more than that per batch
+  if (total_estimated_size > MAX_BATCH_PACKET_SIZE) {
+    total_estimated_size = MAX_BATCH_PACKET_SIZE;
+  }
 
   this->prepare_first_message_buffer(shared_buf, header_padding, total_estimated_size);
 
@@ -1946,7 +1950,20 @@ void APIConnection::process_batch_() {
     return;
   }
 
-  size_t messages_to_process = std::min(num_items, MAX_MESSAGES_PER_BATCH);
+  // Multi-message path — heavy stack frame isolated in separate noinline function
+  this->process_batch_multi_(shared_buf, num_items, header_padding, footer_size);
+}
+
+// Separated from process_batch_() so the single-message fast path gets a minimal
+// stack frame without the MAX_MESSAGES_PER_BATCH * sizeof(MessageInfo) array.
+void APIConnection::process_batch_multi_(std::vector<uint8_t> &shared_buf, size_t num_items, uint8_t header_padding,
+                                         uint8_t footer_size) {
+  // Ensure MessageInfo remains trivially destructible for our placement new approach
+  static_assert(std::is_trivially_destructible<MessageInfo>::value,
+                "MessageInfo must remain trivially destructible with this placement-new approach");
+
+  const size_t messages_to_process = std::min(num_items, MAX_MESSAGES_PER_BATCH);
+  const uint8_t frame_overhead = header_padding + footer_size;
 
   // Stack-allocated array for message info
   alignas(MessageInfo) char message_info_storage[MAX_MESSAGES_PER_BATCH * sizeof(MessageInfo)];
@@ -1973,7 +1990,7 @@ void APIConnection::process_batch_() {
 
     // Message was encoded successfully
     // payload_size is header_padding + actual payload size + footer_size
-    uint16_t proto_payload_size = payload_size - header_padding - footer_size;
+    uint16_t proto_payload_size = payload_size - frame_overhead;
     // Use placement new to construct MessageInfo in pre-allocated stack array
     // This avoids default-constructing all MAX_MESSAGES_PER_BATCH elements
     // Explicit destruction is not needed because MessageInfo is trivially destructible,
@@ -1989,42 +2006,38 @@ void APIConnection::process_batch_() {
     current_offset = shared_buf.size() + footer_size;
   }
 
-  if (items_processed == 0) {
+  if (items_processed > 0) {
-    this->deferred_batch_.clear();
+    // Add footer space for the last message (for Noise protocol MAC)
-    return;
+    if (footer_size > 0) {
-  }
+      shared_buf.resize(shared_buf.size() + footer_size);
+    }
 
-  // Add footer space for the last message (for Noise protocol MAC)
+    // Send all collected messages
-  if (footer_size > 0) {
+    APIError err = this->helper_->write_protobuf_messages(ProtoWriteBuffer{&shared_buf},
-    shared_buf.resize(shared_buf.size() + footer_size);
+                                                          std::span<const MessageInfo>(message_info, items_processed));
-  }
+    if (err != APIError::OK && err != APIError::WOULD_BLOCK) {
-
+      this->fatal_error_with_log_(LOG_STR("Batch write failed"), err);
-  // Send all collected messages
+    }
-  APIError err = this->helper_->write_protobuf_messages(ProtoWriteBuffer{&shared_buf},
-                                                        std::span<const MessageInfo>(message_info, items_processed));
-  if (err != APIError::OK && err != APIError::WOULD_BLOCK) {
-    this->fatal_error_with_log_(LOG_STR("Batch write failed"), err);
-  }
 
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  // Log messages after send attempt for VV debugging
+    // Log messages after send attempt for VV debugging
-  // It's safe to use the buffer for logging at this point regardless of send result
+    // It's safe to use the buffer for logging at this point regardless of send result
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < items_processed; i++) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < items_processed; i++) {
-    const auto &item = this->deferred_batch_[i];
+      const auto &item = this->deferred_batch_[i];
-    this->log_batch_item_(item);
+      this->log_batch_item_(item);
-  }
+    }
 #endif
 
-  // Handle remaining items more efficiently
+    // Partial batch — remove processed items and reschedule
-  if (items_processed < this->deferred_batch_.size()) {
+    if (items_processed < this->deferred_batch_.size()) {
-    // Remove processed items from the beginning
+      this->deferred_batch_.remove_front(items_processed);
-    this->deferred_batch_.remove_front(items_processed);
+      this->schedule_batch_();
-    // Reschedule for remaining items
+      return;
-    this->schedule_batch_();
+    }
-  } else {
-    // All items processed
-    this->clear_batch_();
   }
+
+  // All items processed (or none could be processed)
+  this->clear_batch_();
 }
 
 // Dispatch message encoding based on message_type

esphome/components/api/api_connection.h

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ static constexpr size_t MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH = 34;         // For clients >= AP
 static_assert(MAX_MESSAGES_PER_BATCH >= MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH,
               "MAX_MESSAGES_PER_BATCH must be >= MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH");
 
-class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
+class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnectionBase {
  public:
   friend class APIServer;
   friend class ListEntitiesIterator;
@@ -549,8 +549,8 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
       batch_start_time = 0;
     }
 
-    // Remove processed items from the front
+    // Remove processed items from the front — noinline to keep memmove out of warm callers
-    void remove_front(size_t count) { items.erase(items.begin(), items.begin() + count); }
+    void remove_front(size_t count) __attribute__((noinline)) { items.erase(items.begin(), items.begin() + count); }
 
     bool empty() const { return items.empty(); }
     size_t size() const { return items.size(); }
@@ -622,6 +622,8 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
 
   bool schedule_batch_();
   void process_batch_();
+  void process_batch_multi_(std::vector<uint8_t> &shared_buf, size_t num_items, uint8_t header_padding,
+                            uint8_t footer_size) __attribute__((noinline));
   void clear_batch_() {
     this->deferred_batch_.clear();
     this->flags_.batch_scheduled = false;

esphome/components/api/api_pb2.h

@@ -147,6 +147,8 @@ enum WaterHeaterCommandHasField : uint32_t {
   WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_STATE = 4,
   WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_TARGET_TEMPERATURE_LOW = 8,
   WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_TARGET_TEMPERATURE_HIGH = 16,
+  WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_ON_STATE = 32,
+  WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_AWAY_STATE = 64,
 };
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
 enum NumberMode : uint32_t {
@@ -440,19 +442,6 @@ class PingResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
 
  protected:
 };
-class DeviceInfoRequest final : public ProtoMessage {
- public:
-  static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 9;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 0;
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  const char *message_name() const override { return "device_info_request"; }
-#endif
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
-#endif
-
- protected:
-};
 #ifdef USE_AREAS
 class AreaInfo final : public ProtoMessage {
  public:
@@ -546,19 +535,6 @@ class DeviceInfoResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
 
  protected:
 };
-class ListEntitiesRequest final : public ProtoMessage {
- public:
-  static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 11;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 0;
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_request"; }
-#endif
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
-#endif
-
- protected:
-};
 class ListEntitiesDoneResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
  public:
   static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 19;
@@ -572,19 +548,6 @@ class ListEntitiesDoneResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
 
  protected:
 };
-class SubscribeStatesRequest final : public ProtoMessage {
- public:
-  static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 20;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 0;
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  const char *message_name() const override { return "subscribe_states_request"; }
-#endif
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
-#endif
-
- protected:
-};
 #ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
 class ListEntitiesBinarySensorResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
  public:
@@ -1037,19 +1000,6 @@ class NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
 };
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_SERVICES
-class SubscribeHomeassistantServicesRequest final : public ProtoMessage {
- public:
-  static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 34;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 0;
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  const char *message_name() const override { return "subscribe_homeassistant_services_request"; }
-#endif
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
-#endif
-
- protected:
-};
 class HomeassistantServiceMap final : public ProtoMessage {
  public:
   StringRef key{};
@@ -1117,19 +1067,6 @@ class HomeassistantActionResponse final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
 };
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
-class SubscribeHomeAssistantStatesRequest final : public ProtoMessage {
- public:
-  static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 38;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 0;
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  const char *message_name() const override { return "subscribe_home_assistant_states_request"; }
-#endif
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
-#endif
-
- protected:
-};
 class SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
  public:
   static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 39;
@@ -2160,19 +2097,6 @@ class BluetoothGATTNotifyDataResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
 
  protected:
 };
-class SubscribeBluetoothConnectionsFreeRequest final : public ProtoMessage {
- public:
-  static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 80;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 0;
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  const char *message_name() const override { return "subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free_request"; }
-#endif
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
-#endif
-
- protected:
-};
 class BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
  public:
   static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 81;
@@ -2279,19 +2203,6 @@ class BluetoothDeviceUnpairingResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
 
  protected:
 };
-class UnsubscribeBluetoothLEAdvertisementsRequest final : public ProtoMessage {
- public:
-  static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 87;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 0;
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  const char *message_name() const override { return "unsubscribe_bluetooth_le_advertisements_request"; }
-#endif
-#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
-  const char *dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const override;
-#endif
-
- protected:
-};
 class BluetoothDeviceClearCacheResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
  public:
   static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 88;

esphome/components/api/api_pb2_dump.cpp

@@ -385,6 +385,10 @@ const char *proto_enum_to_string<enums::WaterHeaterCommandHasField>(enums::Water
       return "WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_TARGET_TEMPERATURE_LOW";
     case enums::WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_TARGET_TEMPERATURE_HIGH:
       return "WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_TARGET_TEMPERATURE_HIGH";
+    case enums::WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_ON_STATE:
+      return "WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_ON_STATE";
+    case enums::WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_AWAY_STATE:
+      return "WATER_HEATER_COMMAND_HAS_AWAY_STATE";
     default:
       return "UNKNOWN";
   }
@@ -764,10 +768,6 @@ const char *PingResponse::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
   out.append("PingResponse {}");
   return out.c_str();
 }
-const char *DeviceInfoRequest::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
-  out.append("DeviceInfoRequest {}");
-  return out.c_str();
-}
 #ifdef USE_AREAS
 const char *AreaInfo::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "AreaInfo");
@@ -848,18 +848,10 @@ const char *DeviceInfoResponse::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
 #endif
   return out.c_str();
 }
-const char *ListEntitiesRequest::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
-  out.append("ListEntitiesRequest {}");
-  return out.c_str();
-}
 const char *ListEntitiesDoneResponse::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
   out.append("ListEntitiesDoneResponse {}");
   return out.c_str();
 }
-const char *SubscribeStatesRequest::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
-  out.append("SubscribeStatesRequest {}");
-  return out.c_str();
-}
 #ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
 const char *ListEntitiesBinarySensorResponse::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "ListEntitiesBinarySensorResponse");
@@ -1191,10 +1183,6 @@ const char *NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_SERVICES
-const char *SubscribeHomeassistantServicesRequest::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
-  out.append("SubscribeHomeassistantServicesRequest {}");
-  return out.c_str();
-}
 const char *HomeassistantServiceMap::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "HomeassistantServiceMap");
   dump_field(out, "key", this->key);
@@ -1245,10 +1233,6 @@ const char *HomeassistantActionResponse::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
-const char *SubscribeHomeAssistantStatesRequest::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
-  out.append("SubscribeHomeAssistantStatesRequest {}");
-  return out.c_str();
-}
 const char *SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse");
   dump_field(out, "entity_id", this->entity_id);
@@ -1924,10 +1908,6 @@ const char *BluetoothGATTNotifyDataResponse::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
   dump_bytes_field(out, "data", this->data_ptr_, this->data_len_);
   return out.c_str();
 }
-const char *SubscribeBluetoothConnectionsFreeRequest::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
-  out.append("SubscribeBluetoothConnectionsFreeRequest {}");
-  return out.c_str();
-}
 const char *BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse");
   dump_field(out, "free", this->free);
@@ -1970,10 +1950,6 @@ const char *BluetoothDeviceUnpairingResponse::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
   dump_field(out, "error", this->error);
   return out.c_str();
 }
-const char *UnsubscribeBluetoothLEAdvertisementsRequest::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
-  out.append("UnsubscribeBluetoothLEAdvertisementsRequest {}");
-  return out.c_str();
-}
 const char *BluetoothDeviceClearCacheResponse::dump_to(DumpBuffer &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "BluetoothDeviceClearCacheResponse");
   dump_field(out, "address", this->address);

esphome/components/api/api_pb2_service.cpp

@@ -21,6 +21,23 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::log_receive_message_(const LogString *name) {
 #endif
 
 void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) {
+  // Check authentication/connection requirements
+  switch (msg_type) {
+    case HelloRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE:       // No setup required
+    case DisconnectRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE:  // No setup required
+    case PingRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE:        // No setup required
+      break;
+    case 9 /* DeviceInfoRequest is empty */:  // Connection setup only
+      if (!this->check_connection_setup_()) {
+        return;
+      }
+      break;
+    default:
+      if (!this->check_authenticated_()) {
+        return;
+      }
+      break;
+  }
   switch (msg_type) {
     case HelloRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE: {
       HelloRequest msg;
@@ -59,21 +76,21 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       this->on_ping_response();
       break;
     }
-    case DeviceInfoRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE: {
+    case 9 /* DeviceInfoRequest is empty */: {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
       this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_device_info_request"));
 #endif
       this->on_device_info_request();
       break;
     }
-    case ListEntitiesRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE: {
+    case 11 /* ListEntitiesRequest is empty */: {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
       this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_list_entities_request"));
 #endif
       this->on_list_entities_request();
       break;
     }
-    case SubscribeStatesRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE: {
+    case 20 /* SubscribeStatesRequest is empty */: {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
       this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_subscribe_states_request"));
 #endif
@@ -134,7 +151,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
     }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_SERVICES
-    case SubscribeHomeassistantServicesRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE: {
+    case 34 /* SubscribeHomeassistantServicesRequest is empty */: {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
       this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_subscribe_homeassistant_services_request"));
 #endif
@@ -152,7 +169,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
       break;
     }
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
-    case SubscribeHomeAssistantStatesRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE: {
+    case 38 /* SubscribeHomeAssistantStatesRequest is empty */: {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
       this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_subscribe_home_assistant_states_request"));
 #endif
@@ -359,7 +376,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
     }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY
-    case SubscribeBluetoothConnectionsFreeRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE: {
+    case 80 /* SubscribeBluetoothConnectionsFreeRequest is empty */: {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
       this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free_request"));
 #endif
@@ -368,7 +385,7 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
     }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY
-    case UnsubscribeBluetoothLEAdvertisementsRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE: {
+    case 87 /* UnsubscribeBluetoothLEAdvertisementsRequest is empty */: {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
       this->log_receive_message_(LOG_STR("on_unsubscribe_bluetooth_le_advertisements_request"));
 #endif
@@ -623,28 +640,4 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
   }
 }
 
-void APIServerConnection::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) {
-  // Check authentication/connection requirements for messages
-  switch (msg_type) {
-    case HelloRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE:       // No setup required
-    case DisconnectRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE:  // No setup required
-    case PingRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE:        // No setup required
-      break;                               // Skip all checks for these messages
-    case DeviceInfoRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE:  // Connection setup only
-      if (!this->check_connection_setup_()) {
-        return;  // Connection not setup
-      }
-      break;
-    default:
-      // All other messages require authentication (which includes connection check)
-      if (!this->check_authenticated_()) {
-        return;  // Authentication failed
-      }
-      break;
-  }
-
-  // Call base implementation to process the message
-  APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(msg_size, msg_type, msg_data);
-}
-
 }  // namespace esphome::api

esphome/components/api/api_pb2_service.h

@@ -228,9 +228,4 @@ class APIServerConnectionBase : public ProtoService {
   void read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) override;
 };
 
-class APIServerConnection : public APIServerConnectionBase {
- protected:
-  void read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) override;
-};
-
 }  // namespace esphome::api

esphome/components/api/homeassistant_service.h

@@ -25,7 +25,9 @@ template<typename... X> class TemplatableStringValue : public TemplatableValue<s
 
  private:
   // Helper to convert value to string - handles the case where value is already a string
-  template<typename T> static std::string value_to_string(T &&val) { return to_string(std::forward<T>(val)); }
+  template<typename T> static std::string value_to_string(T &&val) {
+    return to_string(std::forward<T>(val));  // NOLINT
+  }
 
   // Overloads for string types - needed because std::to_string doesn't support them
   static std::string value_to_string(char *val) {

esphome/components/aqi/aqi_calculator.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <cmath>
 #include <limits>
 #include "abstract_aqi_calculator.h"
@@ -14,7 +15,11 @@ class AQICalculator : public AbstractAQICalculator {
     float pm2_5_index = calculate_index(pm2_5_value, PM2_5_GRID);
     float pm10_0_index = calculate_index(pm10_0_value, PM10_0_GRID);
 
-    return static_cast<uint16_t>(std::round((pm2_5_index < pm10_0_index) ? pm10_0_index : pm2_5_index));
+    float aqi = std::max(pm2_5_index, pm10_0_index);
+    if (aqi < 0.0f) {
+      aqi = 0.0f;
+    }
+    return static_cast<uint16_t>(std::lround(aqi));
   }
 
  protected:
@@ -22,13 +27,27 @@ class AQICalculator : public AbstractAQICalculator {
 
   static constexpr int INDEX_GRID[NUM_LEVELS][2] = {{0, 50}, {51, 100}, {101, 150}, {151, 200}, {201, 300}, {301, 500}};
 
-  static constexpr float PM2_5_GRID[NUM_LEVELS][2] = {{0.0f, 9.0f},     {9.1f, 35.4f},
+  static constexpr float PM2_5_GRID[NUM_LEVELS][2] = {
-                                                      {35.5f, 55.4f},   {55.5f, 125.4f},
+      // clang-format off
-                                                      {125.5f, 225.4f}, {225.5f, std::numeric_limits<float>::max()}};
+      {0.0f, 9.1f},
+      {9.1f, 35.5f},
+      {35.5f, 55.5f},
+      {55.5f, 125.5f},
+      {125.5f, 225.5f},
+      {225.5f, std::numeric_limits<float>::max()}
+      // clang-format on
+  };
 
-  static constexpr float PM10_0_GRID[NUM_LEVELS][2] = {{0.0f, 54.0f},    {55.0f, 154.0f},
+  static constexpr float PM10_0_GRID[NUM_LEVELS][2] = {
-                                                       {155.0f, 254.0f}, {255.0f, 354.0f},
+      // clang-format off
-                                                       {355.0f, 424.0f}, {425.0f, std::numeric_limits<float>::max()}};
+      {0.0f, 55.0f},
+      {55.0f, 155.0f},
+      {155.0f, 255.0f},
+      {255.0f, 355.0f},
+      {355.0f, 425.0f},
+      {425.0f, std::numeric_limits<float>::max()}
+      // clang-format on
+  };
 
   static float calculate_index(float value, const float array[NUM_LEVELS][2]) {
     int grid_index = get_grid_index(value, array);
@@ -45,7 +64,10 @@ class AQICalculator : public AbstractAQICalculator {
 
   static int get_grid_index(float value, const float array[NUM_LEVELS][2]) {
     for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LEVELS; i++) {
-      if (value >= array[i][0] && value <= array[i][1]) {
+      const bool in_range =
+          (value >= array[i][0]) && ((i == NUM_LEVELS - 1) ? (value <= array[i][1])   // last bucket inclusive
+                                                           : (value < array[i][1]));  // others exclusive on hi
+      if (in_range) {
         return i;
       }
     }

esphome/components/aqi/caqi_calculator.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <cmath>
 #include <limits>
 #include "abstract_aqi_calculator.h"
@@ -12,7 +13,11 @@ class CAQICalculator : public AbstractAQICalculator {
     float pm2_5_index = calculate_index(pm2_5_value, PM2_5_GRID);
     float pm10_0_index = calculate_index(pm10_0_value, PM10_0_GRID);
 
-    return static_cast<uint16_t>(std::round((pm2_5_index < pm10_0_index) ? pm10_0_index : pm2_5_index));
+    float aqi = std::max(pm2_5_index, pm10_0_index);
+    if (aqi < 0.0f) {
+      aqi = 0.0f;
+    }
+    return static_cast<uint16_t>(std::lround(aqi));
   }
 
  protected:
@@ -21,10 +26,24 @@ class CAQICalculator : public AbstractAQICalculator {
   static constexpr int INDEX_GRID[NUM_LEVELS][2] = {{0, 25}, {26, 50}, {51, 75}, {76, 100}, {101, 400}};
 
   static constexpr float PM2_5_GRID[NUM_LEVELS][2] = {
-      {0.0f, 15.0f}, {15.1f, 30.0f}, {30.1f, 55.0f}, {55.1f, 110.0f}, {110.1f, std::numeric_limits<float>::max()}};
+      // clang-format off
+      {0.0f, 15.1f},
+      {15.1f, 30.1f},
+      {30.1f, 55.1f},
+      {55.1f, 110.1f},
+      {110.1f, std::numeric_limits<float>::max()}
+      // clang-format on
+  };
 
   static constexpr float PM10_0_GRID[NUM_LEVELS][2] = {
-      {0.0f, 25.0f}, {25.1f, 50.0f}, {50.1f, 90.0f}, {90.1f, 180.0f}, {180.1f, std::numeric_limits<float>::max()}};
+      // clang-format off
+      {0.0f, 25.1f},
+      {25.1f, 50.1f},
+      {50.1f, 90.1f},
+      {90.1f, 180.1f},
+      {180.1f, std::numeric_limits<float>::max()}
+      // clang-format on
+  };
 
   static float calculate_index(float value, const float array[NUM_LEVELS][2]) {
     int grid_index = get_grid_index(value, array);
@@ -42,7 +61,10 @@ class CAQICalculator : public AbstractAQICalculator {
 
   static int get_grid_index(float value, const float array[NUM_LEVELS][2]) {
     for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LEVELS; i++) {
-      if (value >= array[i][0] && value <= array[i][1]) {
+      const bool in_range =
+          (value >= array[i][0]) && ((i == NUM_LEVELS - 1) ? (value <= array[i][1])   // last bucket inclusive
+                                                           : (value < array[i][1]));  // others exclusive on hi
+      if (in_range) {
         return i;
       }
     }

esphome/components/binary_sensor/automation.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,14 @@ namespace esphome::binary_sensor {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "binary_sensor.automation";
 
+// MultiClickTrigger timeout IDs.
+// MultiClickTrigger is its own Component instance, so the scheduler scopes
+// IDs by component pointer — no risk of collisions between instances.
+constexpr uint32_t MULTICLICK_TRIGGER_ID = 0;
+constexpr uint32_t MULTICLICK_COOLDOWN_ID = 1;
+constexpr uint32_t MULTICLICK_IS_VALID_ID = 2;
+constexpr uint32_t MULTICLICK_IS_NOT_VALID_ID = 3;
+
 void MultiClickTrigger::on_state_(bool state) {
   // Handle duplicate events
   if (state == this->last_state_) {
@@ -27,7 +35,7 @@ void MultiClickTrigger::on_state_(bool state) {
                evt.min_length, evt.max_length);
       this->at_index_ = 1;
       if (this->timing_.size() == 1 && evt.max_length == 4294967294UL) {
-        this->set_timeout("trigger", evt.min_length, [this]() { this->trigger_(); });
+        this->set_timeout(MULTICLICK_TRIGGER_ID, evt.min_length, [this]() { this->trigger_(); });
       } else {
         this->schedule_is_valid_(evt.min_length);
         this->schedule_is_not_valid_(evt.max_length);
@@ -57,13 +65,13 @@ void MultiClickTrigger::on_state_(bool state) {
     this->schedule_is_not_valid_(evt.max_length);
   } else if (*this->at_index_ + 1 != this->timing_.size()) {
     ESP_LOGV(TAG, "B i=%zu min=%" PRIu32, *this->at_index_, evt.min_length);  // NOLINT
-    this->cancel_timeout("is_not_valid");
+    this->cancel_timeout(MULTICLICK_IS_NOT_VALID_ID);
     this->schedule_is_valid_(evt.min_length);
   } else {
     ESP_LOGV(TAG, "C i=%zu min=%" PRIu32, *this->at_index_, evt.min_length);  // NOLINT
     this->is_valid_ = false;
-    this->cancel_timeout("is_not_valid");
+    this->cancel_timeout(MULTICLICK_IS_NOT_VALID_ID);
-    this->set_timeout("trigger", evt.min_length, [this]() { this->trigger_(); });
+    this->set_timeout(MULTICLICK_TRIGGER_ID, evt.min_length, [this]() { this->trigger_(); });
   }
 
   *this->at_index_ = *this->at_index_ + 1;
@@ -71,14 +79,14 @@ void MultiClickTrigger::on_state_(bool state) {
 void MultiClickTrigger::schedule_cooldown_() {
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Multi Click: Invalid length of press, starting cooldown of %" PRIu32 " ms", this->invalid_cooldown_);
   this->is_in_cooldown_ = true;
-  this->set_timeout("cooldown", this->invalid_cooldown_, [this]() {
+  this->set_timeout(MULTICLICK_COOLDOWN_ID, this->invalid_cooldown_, [this]() {
     ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Multi Click: Cooldown ended, matching is now enabled again.");
     this->is_in_cooldown_ = false;
   });
   this->at_index_.reset();
-  this->cancel_timeout("trigger");
+  this->cancel_timeout(MULTICLICK_TRIGGER_ID);
-  this->cancel_timeout("is_valid");
+  this->cancel_timeout(MULTICLICK_IS_VALID_ID);
-  this->cancel_timeout("is_not_valid");
+  this->cancel_timeout(MULTICLICK_IS_NOT_VALID_ID);
 }
 void MultiClickTrigger::schedule_is_valid_(uint32_t min_length) {
   if (min_length == 0) {
@@ -86,13 +94,13 @@ void MultiClickTrigger::schedule_is_valid_(uint32_t min_length) {
     return;
   }
   this->is_valid_ = false;
-  this->set_timeout("is_valid", min_length, [this]() {
+  this->set_timeout(MULTICLICK_IS_VALID_ID, min_length, [this]() {
     ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Multi Click: You can now %s the button.", this->parent_->state ? "RELEASE" : "PRESS");
     this->is_valid_ = true;
   });
 }
 void MultiClickTrigger::schedule_is_not_valid_(uint32_t max_length) {
-  this->set_timeout("is_not_valid", max_length, [this]() {
+  this->set_timeout(MULTICLICK_IS_NOT_VALID_ID, max_length, [this]() {
     ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Multi Click: You waited too long to %s.", this->parent_->state ? "RELEASE" : "PRESS");
     this->is_valid_ = false;
     this->schedule_cooldown_();
@@ -106,9 +114,9 @@ void MultiClickTrigger::cancel() {
 void MultiClickTrigger::trigger_() {
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Multi Click: Hooray, multi click is valid. Triggering!");
   this->at_index_.reset();
-  this->cancel_timeout("trigger");
+  this->cancel_timeout(MULTICLICK_TRIGGER_ID);
-  this->cancel_timeout("is_valid");
+  this->cancel_timeout(MULTICLICK_IS_VALID_ID);
-  this->cancel_timeout("is_not_valid");
+  this->cancel_timeout(MULTICLICK_IS_NOT_VALID_ID);
   this->trigger();
 }
 

esphome/components/binary_sensor/filter.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,14 @@ namespace esphome::binary_sensor {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "sensor.filter";
 
+// Timeout IDs for filter classes.
+// Each filter is its own Component instance, so the scheduler scopes
+// IDs by component pointer — no risk of collisions between instances.
+constexpr uint32_t FILTER_TIMEOUT_ID = 0;
+// AutorepeatFilter needs two distinct IDs (both timeouts on the same component)
+constexpr uint32_t AUTOREPEAT_TIMING_ID = 0;
+constexpr uint32_t AUTOREPEAT_ON_OFF_ID = 1;
+
 void Filter::output(bool value) {
   if (this->next_ == nullptr) {
     this->parent_->send_state_internal(value);
@@ -23,16 +31,16 @@ void Filter::input(bool value) {
 }
 
 void TimeoutFilter::input(bool value) {
-  this->set_timeout("timeout", this->timeout_delay_.value(), [this]() { this->parent_->invalidate_state(); });
+  this->set_timeout(FILTER_TIMEOUT_ID, this->timeout_delay_.value(), [this]() { this->parent_->invalidate_state(); });
   // we do not de-dup here otherwise changes from invalid to valid state will not be output
   this->output(value);
 }
 
 optional<bool> DelayedOnOffFilter::new_value(bool value) {
   if (value) {
-    this->set_timeout("ON_OFF", this->on_delay_.value(), [this]() { this->output(true); });
+    this->set_timeout(FILTER_TIMEOUT_ID, this->on_delay_.value(), [this]() { this->output(true); });
   } else {
-    this->set_timeout("ON_OFF", this->off_delay_.value(), [this]() { this->output(false); });
+    this->set_timeout(FILTER_TIMEOUT_ID, this->off_delay_.value(), [this]() { this->output(false); });
   }
   return {};
 }
@@ -41,10 +49,10 @@ float DelayedOnOffFilter::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::HA
 
 optional<bool> DelayedOnFilter::new_value(bool value) {
   if (value) {
-    this->set_timeout("ON", this->delay_.value(), [this]() { this->output(true); });
+    this->set_timeout(FILTER_TIMEOUT_ID, this->delay_.value(), [this]() { this->output(true); });
     return {};
   } else {
-    this->cancel_timeout("ON");
+    this->cancel_timeout(FILTER_TIMEOUT_ID);
     return false;
   }
 }
@@ -53,10 +61,10 @@ float DelayedOnFilter::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::HARDW
 
 optional<bool> DelayedOffFilter::new_value(bool value) {
   if (!value) {
-    this->set_timeout("OFF", this->delay_.value(), [this]() { this->output(false); });
+    this->set_timeout(FILTER_TIMEOUT_ID, this->delay_.value(), [this]() { this->output(false); });
     return {};
   } else {
-    this->cancel_timeout("OFF");
+    this->cancel_timeout(FILTER_TIMEOUT_ID);
     return true;
   }
 }
@@ -76,8 +84,8 @@ optional<bool> AutorepeatFilter::new_value(bool value) {
     this->next_timing_();
     return true;
   } else {
-    this->cancel_timeout("TIMING");
+    this->cancel_timeout(AUTOREPEAT_TIMING_ID);
-    this->cancel_timeout("ON_OFF");
+    this->cancel_timeout(AUTOREPEAT_ON_OFF_ID);
     this->active_timing_ = 0;
     return false;
   }
@@ -88,8 +96,10 @@ void AutorepeatFilter::next_timing_() {
   // 1st time: starts waiting the first delay
   // 2nd time: starts waiting the second delay and starts toggling with the first time_off / _on
   // last time: no delay to start but have to bump the index to reflect the last
-  if (this->active_timing_ < this->timings_.size())
+  if (this->active_timing_ < this->timings_.size()) {
-    this->set_timeout("TIMING", this->timings_[this->active_timing_].delay, [this]() { this->next_timing_(); });
+    this->set_timeout(AUTOREPEAT_TIMING_ID, this->timings_[this->active_timing_].delay,
+                      [this]() { this->next_timing_(); });
+  }
 
   if (this->active_timing_ <= this->timings_.size()) {
     this->active_timing_++;
@@ -104,7 +114,8 @@ void AutorepeatFilter::next_timing_() {
 void AutorepeatFilter::next_value_(bool val) {
   const AutorepeatFilterTiming &timing = this->timings_[this->active_timing_ - 2];
   this->output(val);  // This is at least the second one so not initial
-  this->set_timeout("ON_OFF", val ? timing.time_on : timing.time_off, [this, val]() { this->next_value_(!val); });
+  this->set_timeout(AUTOREPEAT_ON_OFF_ID, val ? timing.time_on : timing.time_off,
+                    [this, val]() { this->next_value_(!val); });
 }
 
 float AutorepeatFilter::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::HARDWARE; }
@@ -115,7 +126,7 @@ optional<bool> LambdaFilter::new_value(bool value) { return this->f_(value); }
 
 optional<bool> SettleFilter::new_value(bool value) {
   if (!this->steady_) {
-    this->set_timeout("SETTLE", this->delay_.value(), [this, value]() {
+    this->set_timeout(FILTER_TIMEOUT_ID, this->delay_.value(), [this, value]() {
       this->steady_ = true;
       this->output(value);
     });
@@ -123,7 +134,7 @@ optional<bool> SettleFilter::new_value(bool value) {
   } else {
     this->steady_ = false;
     this->output(value);
-    this->set_timeout("SETTLE", this->delay_.value(), [this]() { this->steady_ = true; });
+    this->set_timeout(FILTER_TIMEOUT_ID, this->delay_.value(), [this]() { this->steady_ = true; });
     return value;
   }
 }

esphome/components/bl0942/bl0942.cpp

@@ -46,16 +46,16 @@ static const uint32_t PKT_TIMEOUT_MS = 200;
 
 void BL0942::loop() {
   DataPacket buffer;
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
 
   if (!avail) {
     return;
   }
-  if (static_cast<size_t>(avail) < sizeof(buffer)) {
+  if (avail < sizeof(buffer)) {
     if (!this->rx_start_) {
       this->rx_start_ = millis();
     } else if (millis() > this->rx_start_ + PKT_TIMEOUT_MS) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Junk on wire. Throwing away partial message (%d bytes)", avail);
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Junk on wire. Throwing away partial message (%zu bytes)", avail);
       this->read_array((uint8_t *) &buffer, avail);
       this->rx_start_ = 0;
     }

esphome/components/cse7766/cse7766.cpp

@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ void CSE7766Component::loop() {
   }
 
   // Early return prevents updating last_transmission_ when no data is available.
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
-  if (avail <= 0) {
+  if (avail == 0) {
     return;
   }
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ void CSE7766Component::loop() {
   // At 4800 baud (~480 bytes/sec) with ~122 Hz loop rate, typically ~4 bytes per call.
   uint8_t buf[CSE7766_RAW_DATA_SIZE];
   while (avail > 0) {
-    size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
     if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
       break;
     }

esphome/components/dfplayer/dfplayer.cpp

@@ -133,10 +133,10 @@ void DFPlayer::send_cmd_(uint8_t cmd, uint16_t argument) {
 
 void DFPlayer::loop() {
   // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   uint8_t buf[64];
   while (avail > 0) {
-    size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
     if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
       break;
     }

esphome/components/dlms_meter/dlms_meter.cpp

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ void DlmsMeterComponent::dump_config() {
 
 void DlmsMeterComponent::loop() {
   // Read while data is available, netznoe uses two frames so allow 2x max frame length
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   if (avail > 0) {
     size_t remaining = MBUS_MAX_FRAME_LENGTH * 2 - this->receive_buffer_.size();
     if (remaining == 0) {
@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ void DlmsMeterComponent::loop() {
     } else {
       // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
       // Cap reads to remaining buffer capacity.
-      if (static_cast<size_t>(avail) > remaining) {
+      if (avail > remaining) {
         avail = remaining;
       }
       uint8_t buf[64];
       while (avail > 0) {
-        size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+        size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
         if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
           break;
         }

esphome/components/dsmr/dsmr.cpp

@@ -120,9 +120,9 @@ void Dsmr::stop_requesting_data_() {
 
 void Dsmr::drain_rx_buffer_() {
   uint8_t buf[64];
-  int avail;
+  size_t avail;
   while ((avail = this->available()) > 0) {
-    if (!this->read_array(buf, std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf)))) {
+    if (!this->read_array(buf, std::min(avail, sizeof(buf)))) {
       break;
     }
   }
@@ -134,16 +134,15 @@ void Dsmr::reset_telegram_() {
   this->bytes_read_ = 0;
   this->crypt_bytes_read_ = 0;
   this->crypt_telegram_len_ = 0;
-  this->last_read_time_ = 0;
 }
 
 void Dsmr::receive_telegram_() {
   while (this->available_within_timeout_()) {
     // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
     uint8_t buf[64];
-    int avail = this->available();
+    size_t avail = this->available();
     while (avail > 0) {
-      size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+      size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
       if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read))
         return;
       avail -= to_read;
@@ -207,9 +206,9 @@ void Dsmr::receive_encrypted_telegram_() {
   while (this->available_within_timeout_()) {
     // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
     uint8_t buf[64];
-    int avail = this->available();
+    size_t avail = this->available();
     while (avail > 0) {
-      size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+      size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
       if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read))
         return;
       avail -= to_read;

esphome/components/esp32/__init__.py

@@ -1435,6 +1435,10 @@ async def to_code(config):
         CORE.relative_internal_path(".espressif")
     )
 
+    # Set the uv cache inside the data dir so "Clean All" clears it.
+    # Avoids persistent corrupted cache from mid-stream download failures.
+    os.environ["UV_CACHE_DIR"] = str(CORE.relative_internal_path(".uv_cache"))
+
     if conf[CONF_TYPE] == FRAMEWORK_ESP_IDF:
         cg.add_build_flag("-DUSE_ESP_IDF")
         cg.add_build_flag("-DUSE_ESP32_FRAMEWORK_ESP_IDF")

esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble_uuid.h

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class ESPBTUUID {
 
   // Remove before 2026.8.0
   ESPDEPRECATED("Use to_str() instead. Removed in 2026.8.0", "2026.2.0")
-  std::string to_string() const;
+  std::string to_string() const;  // NOLINT
   const char *to_str(std::span<char, UUID_STR_LEN> output) const;
 
  protected:

esphome/components/hlk_fm22x/hlk_fm22x.cpp

@@ -1,20 +1,16 @@
 #include "hlk_fm22x.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
-#include <array>
 #include <cinttypes>
 
 namespace esphome::hlk_fm22x {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "hlk_fm22x";
 
-// Maximum response size is 36 bytes (VERIFY reply: face_id + 32-byte name)
-static constexpr size_t HLK_FM22X_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE = 36;
-
 void HlkFm22xComponent::setup() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "Setting up HLK-FM22X...");
   this->set_enrolling_(false);
-  while (this->available()) {
+  while (this->available() > 0) {
     this->read();
   }
   this->defer([this]() { this->send_command_(HlkFm22xCommand::GET_STATUS); });
@@ -35,7 +31,7 @@ void HlkFm22xComponent::update() {
 }
 
 void HlkFm22xComponent::enroll_face(const std::string &name, HlkFm22xFaceDirection direction) {
-  if (name.length() > 31) {
+  if (name.length() > HLK_FM22X_NAME_SIZE - 1) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "enroll_face(): name too long '%s'", name.c_str());
     return;
   }
@@ -88,7 +84,7 @@ void HlkFm22xComponent::send_command_(HlkFm22xCommand command, const uint8_t *da
   }
   this->wait_cycles_ = 0;
   this->active_command_ = command;
-  while (this->available())
+  while (this->available() > 0)
     this->read();
   this->write((uint8_t) (START_CODE >> 8));
   this->write((uint8_t) (START_CODE & 0xFF));
@@ -137,17 +133,24 @@ void HlkFm22xComponent::recv_command_() {
   checksum ^= byte;
   length |= byte;
 
-  std::vector<uint8_t> data;
+  if (length > HLK_FM22X_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE) {
-  data.reserve(length);
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Response too large: %u bytes", length);
+    // Discard exactly the remaining payload and checksum for this frame
+    for (uint16_t i = 0; i < length + 1 && this->available() > 0; ++i)
+      this->read();
+    return;
+  }
+
   for (uint16_t idx = 0; idx < length; ++idx) {
     byte = this->read();
     checksum ^= byte;
-    data.push_back(byte);
+    this->recv_buf_[idx] = byte;
   }
 
 #if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
   char hex_buf[format_hex_pretty_size(HLK_FM22X_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE)];
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Recv type: 0x%.2X, data: %s", response_type, format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, data.data(), data.size()));
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Recv type: 0x%.2X, data: %s", response_type,
+           format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, this->recv_buf_.data(), length));
 #endif
 
   byte = this->read();
@@ -157,10 +160,10 @@ void HlkFm22xComponent::recv_command_() {
   }
   switch (response_type) {
     case HlkFm22xResponseType::NOTE:
-      this->handle_note_(data);
+      this->handle_note_(this->recv_buf_.data(), length);
       break;
     case HlkFm22xResponseType::REPLY:
-      this->handle_reply_(data);
+      this->handle_reply_(this->recv_buf_.data(), length);
       break;
     default:
       ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Unexpected response type: 0x%.2X", response_type);
@@ -168,11 +171,15 @@ void HlkFm22xComponent::recv_command_() {
   }
 }
 
-void HlkFm22xComponent::handle_note_(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data) {
+void HlkFm22xComponent::handle_note_(const uint8_t *data, size_t length) {
+  if (length < 1) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Empty note data");
+    return;
+  }
   switch (data[0]) {
     case HlkFm22xNoteType::FACE_STATE:
-      if (data.size() < 17) {
+      if (length < 17) {
-        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Invalid face note data size: %u", data.size());
+        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Invalid face note data size: %zu", length);
         break;
       }
       {
@@ -209,9 +216,13 @@ void HlkFm22xComponent::handle_note_(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data) {
   }
 }
 
-void HlkFm22xComponent::handle_reply_(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data) {
+void HlkFm22xComponent::handle_reply_(const uint8_t *data, size_t length) {
   auto expected = this->active_command_;
   this->active_command_ = HlkFm22xCommand::NONE;
+  if (length < 2) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Reply too short: %zu bytes", length);
+    return;
+  }
   if (data[0] != (uint8_t) expected) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Unexpected response command. Expected: 0x%.2X, Received: 0x%.2X", expected, data[0]);
     return;
@@ -238,16 +249,20 @@ void HlkFm22xComponent::handle_reply_(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data) {
   }
   switch (expected) {
     case HlkFm22xCommand::VERIFY: {
+      if (length < 4 + HLK_FM22X_NAME_SIZE) {
+        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "VERIFY response too short: %zu bytes", length);
+        break;
+      }
       int16_t face_id = ((int16_t) data[2] << 8) | data[3];
-      std::string name(data.begin() + 4, data.begin() + 36);
+      const char *name_ptr = reinterpret_cast<const char *>(data + 4);
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Face verified. ID: %d, name: %s", face_id, name.c_str());
+      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Face verified. ID: %d, name: %.*s", face_id, (int) HLK_FM22X_NAME_SIZE, name_ptr);
       if (this->last_face_id_sensor_ != nullptr) {
         this->last_face_id_sensor_->publish_state(face_id);
       }
       if (this->last_face_name_text_sensor_ != nullptr) {
-        this->last_face_name_text_sensor_->publish_state(name);
+        this->last_face_name_text_sensor_->publish_state(name_ptr, HLK_FM22X_NAME_SIZE);
       }
-      this->face_scan_matched_callback_.call(face_id, name);
+      this->face_scan_matched_callback_.call(face_id, std::string(name_ptr, HLK_FM22X_NAME_SIZE));
       break;
     }
     case HlkFm22xCommand::ENROLL: {
@@ -266,9 +281,8 @@ void HlkFm22xComponent::handle_reply_(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data) {
       this->defer([this]() { this->send_command_(HlkFm22xCommand::GET_VERSION); });
       break;
     case HlkFm22xCommand::GET_VERSION:
-      if (this->version_text_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+      if (this->version_text_sensor_ != nullptr && length > 2) {
-        std::string version(data.begin() + 2, data.end());
+        this->version_text_sensor_->publish_state(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(data + 2), length - 2);
-        this->version_text_sensor_->publish_state(version);
       }
       this->defer([this]() { this->get_face_count_(); });
       break;

esphome/components/hlk_fm22x/hlk_fm22x.h

@@ -7,12 +7,15 @@
 #include "esphome/components/text_sensor/text_sensor.h"
 #include "esphome/components/uart/uart.h"
 
+#include <array>
 #include <utility>
-#include <vector>
 
 namespace esphome::hlk_fm22x {
 
 static const uint16_t START_CODE = 0xEFAA;
+static constexpr size_t HLK_FM22X_NAME_SIZE = 32;
+// Maximum response payload: command(1) + result(1) + face_id(2) + name(32) = 36
+static constexpr size_t HLK_FM22X_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE = 36;
 enum HlkFm22xCommand {
   NONE = 0x00,
   RESET = 0x10,
@@ -118,10 +121,11 @@ class HlkFm22xComponent : public PollingComponent, public uart::UARTDevice {
   void get_face_count_();
   void send_command_(HlkFm22xCommand command, const uint8_t *data = nullptr, size_t size = 0);
   void recv_command_();
-  void handle_note_(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data);
+  void handle_note_(const uint8_t *data, size_t length);
-  void handle_reply_(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data);
+  void handle_reply_(const uint8_t *data, size_t length);
   void set_enrolling_(bool enrolling);
 
+  std::array<uint8_t, HLK_FM22X_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE> recv_buf_;
   HlkFm22xCommand active_command_ = HlkFm22xCommand::NONE;
   uint16_t wait_cycles_ = 0;
   sensor::Sensor *face_count_sensor_{nullptr};

esphome/components/i2c/i2c_bus_arduino.cpp

@@ -134,25 +134,23 @@ ErrorCode ArduinoI2CBus::write_readv(uint8_t address, const uint8_t *write_buffe
     for (size_t j = 0; j != read_count; j++)
       read_buffer[j] = wire_->read();
   }
-  switch (status) {
+  // Avoid switch to prevent compiler-generated lookup table in RAM on ESP8266
-    case 0:
+  if (status == 0)
-      return ERROR_OK;
+    return ERROR_OK;
-    case 1:
+  if (status == 1) {
-      // transmit buffer not large enough
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "TX failed: buffer not large enough");
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "TX failed: buffer not large enough");
+    return ERROR_UNKNOWN;
-      return ERROR_UNKNOWN;
-    case 2:
-    case 3:
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "TX failed: not acknowledged: %d", status);
-      return ERROR_NOT_ACKNOWLEDGED;
-    case 5:
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "TX failed: timeout");
-      return ERROR_UNKNOWN;
-    case 4:
-    default:
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "TX failed: unknown error %u", status);
-      return ERROR_UNKNOWN;
   }
+  if (status == 2 || status == 3) {
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "TX failed: not acknowledged: %u", status);
+    return ERROR_NOT_ACKNOWLEDGED;
+  }
+  if (status == 5) {
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "TX failed: timeout");
+    return ERROR_UNKNOWN;
+  }
+  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "TX failed: unknown error %u", status);
+  return ERROR_UNKNOWN;
 }
 
 /// Perform I2C bus recovery, see:

esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.cpp

@@ -276,10 +276,10 @@ void LD2410Component::restart_and_read_all_info() {
 
 void LD2410Component::loop() {
   // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   uint8_t buf[MAX_LINE_LENGTH];
   while (avail > 0) {
-    size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
     if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
       break;
     }

esphome/components/ld2412/ld2412.cpp

@@ -311,10 +311,10 @@ void LD2412Component::restart_and_read_all_info() {
 
 void LD2412Component::loop() {
   // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   uint8_t buf[MAX_LINE_LENGTH];
   while (avail > 0) {
-    size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
     if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
       break;
     }

esphome/components/ld2420/ld2420.cpp

@@ -542,10 +542,10 @@ void LD2420Component::handle_simple_mode_(const uint8_t *inbuf, int len) {
 
 void LD2420Component::read_batch_(std::span<uint8_t, MAX_LINE_LENGTH> buffer) {
   // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   uint8_t buf[MAX_LINE_LENGTH];
   while (avail > 0) {
-    size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
     if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
       break;
     }

esphome/components/ld2450/__init__.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
+from esphome import automation
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import uart
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_ID, CONF_THROTTLE
+from esphome.const import CONF_ID, CONF_ON_DATA, CONF_THROTTLE, CONF_TRIGGER_ID
 
 AUTO_LOAD = ["ld24xx"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["uart"]
@@ -11,6 +12,8 @@ MULTI_CONF = True
 ld2450_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("ld2450")
 LD2450Component = ld2450_ns.class_("LD2450Component", cg.Component, uart.UARTDevice)
 
+LD2450DataTrigger = ld2450_ns.class_("LD2450DataTrigger", automation.Trigger.template())
+
 CONF_LD2450_ID = "ld2450_id"
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
@@ -20,6 +23,11 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
             cv.Optional(CONF_THROTTLE): cv.invalid(
                 f"{CONF_THROTTLE} has been removed; use per-sensor filters, instead"
             ),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_ON_DATA): automation.validate_automation(
+                {
+                    cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRIGGER_ID): cv.declare_id(LD2450DataTrigger),
+                }
+            ),
         }
     )
     .extend(uart.UART_DEVICE_SCHEMA)
@@ -45,3 +53,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await cg.register_component(var, config)
     await uart.register_uart_device(var, config)
+    for conf in config.get(CONF_ON_DATA, []):
+        trigger = cg.new_Pvariable(conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID], var)
+        await automation.build_automation(trigger, [], conf)

esphome/components/ld2450/ld2450.cpp

@@ -277,10 +277,10 @@ void LD2450Component::dump_config() {
 
 void LD2450Component::loop() {
   // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   uint8_t buf[MAX_LINE_LENGTH];
   while (avail > 0) {
-    size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
     if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
       break;
     }
@@ -413,6 +413,10 @@ void LD2450Component::restart_and_read_all_info() {
   this->set_timeout(1500, [this]() { this->read_all_info(); });
 }
 
+void LD2450Component::add_on_data_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback) {
+  this->data_callback_.add(std::move(callback));
+}
+
 // Send command with values to LD2450
 void LD2450Component::send_command_(uint8_t command, const uint8_t *command_value, uint8_t command_value_len) {
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Sending COMMAND %02X", command);
@@ -613,6 +617,8 @@ void LD2450Component::handle_periodic_data_() {
     this->still_presence_millis_ = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
   }
 #endif
+
+  this->data_callback_.call();
 }
 
 bool LD2450Component::handle_ack_data_() {

esphome/components/ld2450/ld2450.h

@@ -141,6 +141,9 @@ class LD2450Component : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
                       int32_t zone2_x1, int32_t zone2_y1, int32_t zone2_x2, int32_t zone2_y2, int32_t zone3_x1,
                       int32_t zone3_y1, int32_t zone3_x2, int32_t zone3_y2);
 
+  /// Add a callback that will be called after each successfully processed periodic data frame.
+  void add_on_data_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback);
+
  protected:
   void send_command_(uint8_t command_str, const uint8_t *command_value, uint8_t command_value_len);
   void set_config_mode_(bool enable);
@@ -190,6 +193,15 @@ class LD2450Component : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
   std::array<text_sensor::TextSensor *, 3> direction_text_sensors_{};
 #endif
+
+  LazyCallbackManager<void()> data_callback_;
+};
+
+class LD2450DataTrigger : public Trigger<> {
+ public:
+  explicit LD2450DataTrigger(LD2450Component *parent) {
+    parent->add_on_data_callback([this]() { this->trigger(); });
+  }
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::ld2450

esphome/components/logger/logger.cpp

@@ -36,8 +36,9 @@ void HOT Logger::log_vprintf_(uint8_t level, const char *tag, int line, const ch
 #endif
 
   // Fast path: main thread, no recursion (99.9% of all logs)
+  // Pass nullptr for thread_name since we already know this is the main task
   if (is_main_task && !this->main_task_recursion_guard_) [[likely]] {
-    this->log_message_to_buffer_and_send_(this->main_task_recursion_guard_, level, tag, line, format, args);
+    this->log_message_to_buffer_and_send_(this->main_task_recursion_guard_, level, tag, line, format, args, nullptr);
     return;
   }
 
@@ -47,21 +48,23 @@ void HOT Logger::log_vprintf_(uint8_t level, const char *tag, int line, const ch
   }
 
   // Non-main thread handling (~0.1% of logs)
+  // Resolve thread name once and pass it through the logging chain.
+  // ESP32/LibreTiny: use TaskHandle_t overload to avoid redundant xTaskGetCurrentTaskHandle()
+  // (we already have the handle from the main task check above).
+  // Host: pass a stack buffer for pthread_getname_np to write into.
 #if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
-  this->log_vprintf_non_main_thread_(level, tag, line, format, args, current_task);
+  const char *thread_name = get_thread_name_(current_task);
 #else  // USE_HOST
-  this->log_vprintf_non_main_thread_(level, tag, line, format, args);
+  char thread_name_buf[THREAD_NAME_BUF_SIZE];
+  const char *thread_name = this->get_thread_name_(thread_name_buf);
 #endif
+  this->log_vprintf_non_main_thread_(level, tag, line, format, args, thread_name);
 }
 
 // Handles non-main thread logging only
 // Kept separate from hot path to improve instruction cache performance
-#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
 void Logger::log_vprintf_non_main_thread_(uint8_t level, const char *tag, int line, const char *format, va_list args,
-                                          TaskHandle_t current_task) {
+                                          const char *thread_name) {
-#else  // USE_HOST
-void Logger::log_vprintf_non_main_thread_(uint8_t level, const char *tag, int line, const char *format, va_list args) {
-#endif
   // Check if already in recursion for this non-main thread/task
   if (this->is_non_main_task_recursive_()) {
     return;
@@ -73,12 +76,8 @@ void Logger::log_vprintf_non_main_thread_(uint8_t level, const char *tag, int li
   bool message_sent = false;
 #ifdef USE_ESPHOME_TASK_LOG_BUFFER
   // For non-main threads/tasks, queue the message for callbacks
-#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
   message_sent =
-      this->log_buffer_->send_message_thread_safe(level, tag, static_cast<uint16_t>(line), current_task, format, args);
+      this->log_buffer_->send_message_thread_safe(level, tag, static_cast<uint16_t>(line), thread_name, format, args);
-#else  // USE_HOST
-  message_sent = this->log_buffer_->send_message_thread_safe(level, tag, static_cast<uint16_t>(line), format, args);
-#endif
   if (message_sent) {
     // Enable logger loop to process the buffered message
     // This is safe to call from any context including ISRs
@@ -101,19 +100,27 @@ void Logger::log_vprintf_non_main_thread_(uint8_t level, const char *tag, int li
 #endif
     char console_buffer[MAX_CONSOLE_LOG_MSG_SIZE];  // MUST be stack allocated for thread safety
     LogBuffer buf{console_buffer, MAX_CONSOLE_LOG_MSG_SIZE};
-    this->format_log_to_buffer_with_terminator_(level, tag, line, format, args, buf);
+    this->format_log_to_buffer_with_terminator_(level, tag, line, format, args, buf, thread_name);
     this->write_to_console_(buf);
   }
 
   // RAII guard automatically resets on return
 }
 #else
-// Implementation for all other platforms (single-task, no threading)
+// Implementation for single-task platforms (ESP8266, RP2040, Zephyr)
+// TODO: Zephyr may have multiple threads (work queues, etc.) but uses this single-task path.
+// Logging calls are NOT thread-safe: global_recursion_guard_ is a plain bool and tx_buffer_ has no locking.
+// Not a problem in practice yet since Zephyr has no API support (logs are console-only).
 void HOT Logger::log_vprintf_(uint8_t level, const char *tag, int line, const char *format, va_list args) {  // NOLINT
   if (level > this->level_for(tag) || global_recursion_guard_)
     return;
-
+#ifdef USE_ZEPHYR
-  this->log_message_to_buffer_and_send_(global_recursion_guard_, level, tag, line, format, args);
+  char tmp[MAX_POINTER_REPRESENTATION];
+  this->log_message_to_buffer_and_send_(global_recursion_guard_, level, tag, line, format, args,
+                                        this->get_thread_name_(tmp));
+#else  // Other single-task platforms don't have thread names, so pass nullptr
+  this->log_message_to_buffer_and_send_(global_recursion_guard_, level, tag, line, format, args, nullptr);
+#endif
 }
 #endif  // USE_ESP32 / USE_HOST / USE_LIBRETINY
 
@@ -129,7 +136,7 @@ void Logger::log_vprintf_(uint8_t level, const char *tag, int line, const __Flas
   if (level > this->level_for(tag) || global_recursion_guard_)
     return;
 
-  this->log_message_to_buffer_and_send_(global_recursion_guard_, level, tag, line, format, args);
+  this->log_message_to_buffer_and_send_(global_recursion_guard_, level, tag, line, format, args, nullptr);
 }
 #endif  // USE_STORE_LOG_STR_IN_FLASH
 

esphome/components/logger/logger.h

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <cstdarg>
 #include <map>
+#include <span>
 #include <type_traits>
 #if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_HOST)
 #include <pthread.h>
@@ -124,6 +125,10 @@ static constexpr uint16_t MAX_HEADER_SIZE = 128;
 // "0x" + 2 hex digits per byte + '\0'
 static constexpr size_t MAX_POINTER_REPRESENTATION = 2 + sizeof(void *) * 2 + 1;
 
+// Stack buffer size for retrieving thread/task names from the OS
+// macOS allows up to 64 bytes, Linux up to 16
+static constexpr size_t THREAD_NAME_BUF_SIZE = 64;
+
 // Buffer wrapper for log formatting functions
 struct LogBuffer {
   char *data;
@@ -408,34 +413,24 @@ class Logger : public Component {
 
 #if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_HOST) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
   // Handles non-main thread logging only (~0.1% of calls)
-#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
+  // thread_name is resolved by the caller from the task handle, avoiding redundant lookups
-  // ESP32/LibreTiny: Pass task handle to avoid calling xTaskGetCurrentTaskHandle() twice
   void log_vprintf_non_main_thread_(uint8_t level, const char *tag, int line, const char *format, va_list args,
-                                    TaskHandle_t current_task);
+                                    const char *thread_name);
-#else  // USE_HOST
-  // Host: No task handle parameter needed (not used in send_message_thread_safe)
-  void log_vprintf_non_main_thread_(uint8_t level, const char *tag, int line, const char *format, va_list args);
-#endif
 #endif
   void process_messages_();
   void write_msg_(const char *msg, uint16_t len);
 
   // Format a log message with printf-style arguments and write it to a buffer with header, footer, and null terminator
+  // thread_name: name of the calling thread/task, or nullptr for main task (callers already know which task they're on)
   inline void HOT format_log_to_buffer_with_terminator_(uint8_t level, const char *tag, int line, const char *format,
-                                                        va_list args, LogBuffer &buf) {
+                                                        va_list args, LogBuffer &buf, const char *thread_name) {
-#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY) || defined(USE_HOST)
+    buf.write_header(level, tag, line, thread_name);
-    buf.write_header(level, tag, line, this->get_thread_name_());
-#elif defined(USE_ZEPHYR)
-    char tmp[MAX_POINTER_REPRESENTATION];
-    buf.write_header(level, tag, line, this->get_thread_name_(tmp));
-#else
-    buf.write_header(level, tag, line, nullptr);
-#endif
     buf.format_body(format, args);
   }
 
 #ifdef USE_STORE_LOG_STR_IN_FLASH
   // Format a log message with flash string format and write it to a buffer with header, footer, and null terminator
+  // ESP8266-only (single-task), thread_name is always nullptr
   inline void HOT format_log_to_buffer_with_terminator_P_(uint8_t level, const char *tag, int line,
                                                           const __FlashStringHelper *format, va_list args,
                                                           LogBuffer &buf) {
@@ -466,9 +461,10 @@ class Logger : public Component {
 
   // Helper to format and send a log message to both console and listeners
   // Template handles both const char* (RAM) and __FlashStringHelper* (flash) format strings
+  // thread_name: name of the calling thread/task, or nullptr for main task
   template<typename FormatType>
   inline void HOT log_message_to_buffer_and_send_(bool &recursion_guard, uint8_t level, const char *tag, int line,
-                                                  FormatType format, va_list args) {
+                                                  FormatType format, va_list args, const char *thread_name) {
     RecursionGuard guard(recursion_guard);
     LogBuffer buf{this->tx_buffer_, this->tx_buffer_size_};
 #ifdef USE_STORE_LOG_STR_IN_FLASH
@@ -477,7 +473,7 @@ class Logger : public Component {
     } else
 #endif
     {
-      this->format_log_to_buffer_with_terminator_(level, tag, line, format, args, buf);
+      this->format_log_to_buffer_with_terminator_(level, tag, line, format, args, buf, thread_name);
     }
     this->notify_listeners_(level, tag, buf);
     this->write_log_buffer_to_console_(buf);
@@ -565,37 +561,57 @@ class Logger : public Component {
   bool global_recursion_guard_{false};  // Simple global recursion guard for single-task platforms
 #endif
 
-#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY) || defined(USE_ZEPHYR)
+  // --- get_thread_name_ overloads (per-platform) ---
-  const char *HOT get_thread_name_(
+
-#ifdef USE_ZEPHYR
+#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
-      char *buff
+  // Primary overload - takes a task handle directly to avoid redundant xTaskGetCurrentTaskHandle() calls
+  // when the caller already has the handle (e.g. from the main task check in log_vprintf_)
+  const char *get_thread_name_(TaskHandle_t task) {
+    if (task == this->main_task_) {
+      return nullptr;  // Main task
+    }
+#if defined(USE_ESP32)
+    return pcTaskGetName(task);
+#elif defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
+    return pcTaskGetTaskName(task);
 #endif
-  ) {
+  }
-#ifdef USE_ZEPHYR
+
+  // Convenience overload - gets the current task handle and delegates
+  const char *HOT get_thread_name_() { return this->get_thread_name_(xTaskGetCurrentTaskHandle()); }
+
+#elif defined(USE_HOST)
+  // Takes a caller-provided buffer for the thread name (stack-allocated for thread safety)
+  const char *HOT get_thread_name_(std::span<char> buff) {
+    pthread_t current_thread = pthread_self();
+    if (pthread_equal(current_thread, main_thread_)) {
+      return nullptr;  // Main thread
+    }
+    // For non-main threads, get the thread name into the caller-provided buffer
+    if (pthread_getname_np(current_thread, buff.data(), buff.size()) == 0) {
+      return buff.data();
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+#elif defined(USE_ZEPHYR)
+  const char *HOT get_thread_name_(std::span<char> buff) {
     k_tid_t current_task = k_current_get();
-#else
-    TaskHandle_t current_task = xTaskGetCurrentTaskHandle();
-#endif
     if (current_task == main_task_) {
       return nullptr;  // Main task
-    } else {
-#if defined(USE_ESP32)
-      return pcTaskGetName(current_task);
-#elif defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
-      return pcTaskGetTaskName(current_task);
-#elif defined(USE_ZEPHYR)
-      const char *name = k_thread_name_get(current_task);
-      if (name) {
-        // zephyr print task names only if debug component is present
-        return name;
-      }
-      std::snprintf(buff, MAX_POINTER_REPRESENTATION, "%p", current_task);
-      return buff;
-#endif
     }
+    const char *name = k_thread_name_get(current_task);
+    if (name) {
+      // zephyr print task names only if debug component is present
+      return name;
+    }
+    std::snprintf(buff.data(), buff.size(), "%p", current_task);
+    return buff.data();
   }
 #endif
 
+  // --- Non-main task recursion guards (per-platform) ---
+
 #if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_HOST)
   // RAII guard for non-main task recursion using pthread TLS
   class NonMainTaskRecursionGuard {
@@ -635,22 +651,6 @@ class Logger : public Component {
   inline RecursionGuard make_non_main_task_guard_() { return RecursionGuard(non_main_task_recursion_guard_); }
 #endif
 
-#ifdef USE_HOST
-  const char *HOT get_thread_name_() {
-    pthread_t current_thread = pthread_self();
-    if (pthread_equal(current_thread, main_thread_)) {
-      return nullptr;  // Main thread
-    }
-    // For non-main threads, return the thread name
-    // We store it in thread-local storage to avoid allocation
-    static thread_local char thread_name_buf[32];
-    if (pthread_getname_np(current_thread, thread_name_buf, sizeof(thread_name_buf)) == 0) {
-      return thread_name_buf;
-    }
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-#endif
-
 #if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
   // Disable loop when task buffer is empty (with USB CDC check on ESP32)
   inline void disable_loop_when_buffer_empty_() {

esphome/components/logger/task_log_buffer_esp32.cpp

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ void TaskLogBuffer::release_message_main_loop(void *token) {
   last_processed_counter_ = message_counter_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
 }
 
-bool TaskLogBuffer::send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag, uint16_t line, TaskHandle_t task_handle,
+bool TaskLogBuffer::send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag, uint16_t line, const char *thread_name,
                                              const char *format, va_list args) {
   // First, calculate the exact length needed using a null buffer (no actual writing)
   va_list args_copy;
@@ -95,7 +95,6 @@ bool TaskLogBuffer::send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag, uin
   // Store the thread name now instead of waiting until main loop processing
   // This avoids crashes if the task completes or is deleted between when this message
   // is enqueued and when it's processed by the main loop
-  const char *thread_name = pcTaskGetName(task_handle);
   if (thread_name != nullptr) {
     strncpy(msg->thread_name, thread_name, sizeof(msg->thread_name) - 1);
     msg->thread_name[sizeof(msg->thread_name) - 1] = '\0';  // Ensure null termination

esphome/components/logger/task_log_buffer_esp32.h

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class TaskLogBuffer {
   void release_message_main_loop(void *token);
 
   // Thread-safe - send a message to the ring buffer from any thread
-  bool send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag, uint16_t line, TaskHandle_t task_handle,
+  bool send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag, uint16_t line, const char *thread_name,
                                 const char *format, va_list args);
 
   // Check if there are messages ready to be processed using an atomic counter for performance

esphome/components/logger/task_log_buffer_host.cpp

@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ void TaskLogBufferHost::commit_write_slot_(int slot_index) {
   }
 }
 
-bool TaskLogBufferHost::send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag, uint16_t line, const char *format,
+bool TaskLogBufferHost::send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag, uint16_t line, const char *thread_name,
-                                                 va_list args) {
+                                                 const char *format, va_list args) {
   // Acquire a slot
   int slot_index = this->acquire_write_slot_();
   if (slot_index < 0) {
@@ -85,11 +85,9 @@ bool TaskLogBufferHost::send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag,
   msg.tag = tag;
   msg.line = line;
 
-  // Get thread name using pthread
+  // Store the thread name now to avoid crashes if thread exits before processing
-  char thread_name_buf[LogMessage::MAX_THREAD_NAME_SIZE];
+  if (thread_name != nullptr) {
-  // pthread_getname_np works the same on Linux and macOS
+    strncpy(msg.thread_name, thread_name, sizeof(msg.thread_name) - 1);
-  if (pthread_getname_np(pthread_self(), thread_name_buf, sizeof(thread_name_buf)) == 0) {
-    strncpy(msg.thread_name, thread_name_buf, sizeof(msg.thread_name) - 1);
     msg.thread_name[sizeof(msg.thread_name) - 1] = '\0';
   } else {
     msg.thread_name[0] = '\0';

esphome/components/logger/task_log_buffer_host.h

@@ -86,7 +86,8 @@ class TaskLogBufferHost {
 
   // Thread-safe - send a message to the buffer from any thread
   // Returns true if message was queued, false if buffer is full
-  bool send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag, uint16_t line, const char *format, va_list args);
+  bool send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag, uint16_t line, const char *thread_name,
+                                const char *format, va_list args);
 
   // Check if there are messages ready to be processed
   inline bool HOT has_messages() const {

esphome/components/logger/task_log_buffer_libretiny.cpp

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ void TaskLogBufferLibreTiny::release_message_main_loop() {
 }
 
 bool TaskLogBufferLibreTiny::send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag, uint16_t line,
-                                                      TaskHandle_t task_handle, const char *format, va_list args) {
+                                                      const char *thread_name, const char *format, va_list args) {
   // First, calculate the exact length needed using a null buffer (no actual writing)
   va_list args_copy;
   va_copy(args_copy, args);
@@ -162,7 +162,6 @@ bool TaskLogBufferLibreTiny::send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char
   msg->line = line;
 
   // Store the thread name now to avoid crashes if task is deleted before processing
-  const char *thread_name = pcTaskGetTaskName(task_handle);
   if (thread_name != nullptr) {
     strncpy(msg->thread_name, thread_name, sizeof(msg->thread_name) - 1);
     msg->thread_name[sizeof(msg->thread_name) - 1] = '\0';

esphome/components/logger/task_log_buffer_libretiny.h

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class TaskLogBufferLibreTiny {
   void release_message_main_loop();
 
   // Thread-safe - send a message to the buffer from any thread
-  bool send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag, uint16_t line, TaskHandle_t task_handle,
+  bool send_message_thread_safe(uint8_t level, const char *tag, uint16_t line, const char *thread_name,
                                 const char *format, va_list args);
 
   // Fast check using volatile counter - no lock needed

esphome/components/mipi_dsi/models/waveshare.py

@@ -120,3 +120,101 @@ DriverChip(
         (0xB2, 0x10),
     ],
 )
+
+DriverChip(
+    "WAVESHARE-ESP32-P4-WIFI6-TOUCH-LCD-3.4C",
+    height=800,
+    width=800,
+    hsync_back_porch=20,
+    hsync_pulse_width=20,
+    hsync_front_porch=40,
+    vsync_back_porch=12,
+    vsync_pulse_width=4,
+    vsync_front_porch=24,
+    pclk_frequency="80MHz",
+    lane_bit_rate="1.5Gbps",
+    swap_xy=cv.UNDEFINED,
+    color_order="RGB",
+    initsequence=[
+        (0xE0, 0x00),  # select userpage
+        (0xE1, 0x93), (0xE2, 0x65), (0xE3, 0xF8),
+        (0x80, 0x01),  # Select number of lanes (2)
+        (0xE0, 0x01),  # select page 1
+        (0x00, 0x00), (0x01, 0x41), (0x03, 0x10), (0x04, 0x44), (0x17, 0x00), (0x18, 0xD0), (0x19, 0x00), (0x1A, 0x00),
+        (0x1B, 0xD0), (0x1C, 0x00), (0x24, 0xFE), (0x35, 0x26), (0x37, 0x09), (0x38, 0x04), (0x39, 0x08), (0x3A, 0x0A),
+        (0x3C, 0x78), (0x3D, 0xFF), (0x3E, 0xFF), (0x3F, 0xFF), (0x40, 0x00), (0x41, 0x64), (0x42, 0xC7), (0x43, 0x18),
+        (0x44, 0x0B), (0x45, 0x14), (0x55, 0x02), (0x57, 0x49), (0x59, 0x0A), (0x5A, 0x1B), (0x5B, 0x19), (0x5D, 0x7F),
+        (0x5E, 0x56), (0x5F, 0x43), (0x60, 0x37), (0x61, 0x33), (0x62, 0x25), (0x63, 0x2A), (0x64, 0x16), (0x65, 0x30),
+        (0x66, 0x2F), (0x67, 0x32), (0x68, 0x53), (0x69, 0x43), (0x6A, 0x4C), (0x6B, 0x40), (0x6C, 0x3D), (0x6D, 0x31),
+        (0x6E, 0x20), (0x6F, 0x0F), (0x70, 0x7F), (0x71, 0x56), (0x72, 0x43), (0x73, 0x37), (0x74, 0x33), (0x75, 0x25),
+        (0x76, 0x2A), (0x77, 0x16), (0x78, 0x30), (0x79, 0x2F), (0x7A, 0x32), (0x7B, 0x53), (0x7C, 0x43), (0x7D, 0x4C),
+        (0x7E, 0x40), (0x7F, 0x3D), (0x80, 0x31), (0x81, 0x20), (0x82, 0x0F),
+        (0xE0, 0x02),  # select page 2
+        (0x00, 0x5F), (0x01, 0x5F), (0x02, 0x5E), (0x03, 0x5E), (0x04, 0x50), (0x05, 0x48), (0x06, 0x48), (0x07, 0x4A),
+        (0x08, 0x4A), (0x09, 0x44), (0x0A, 0x44), (0x0B, 0x46), (0x0C, 0x46), (0x0D, 0x5F), (0x0E, 0x5F), (0x0F, 0x57),
+        (0x10, 0x57), (0x11, 0x77), (0x12, 0x77), (0x13, 0x40), (0x14, 0x42), (0x15, 0x5F), (0x16, 0x5F), (0x17, 0x5F),
+        (0x18, 0x5E), (0x19, 0x5E), (0x1A, 0x50), (0x1B, 0x49), (0x1C, 0x49), (0x1D, 0x4B), (0x1E, 0x4B), (0x1F, 0x45),
+        (0x20, 0x45), (0x21, 0x47), (0x22, 0x47), (0x23, 0x5F), (0x24, 0x5F), (0x25, 0x57), (0x26, 0x57), (0x27, 0x77),
+        (0x28, 0x77), (0x29, 0x41), (0x2A, 0x43), (0x2B, 0x5F), (0x2C, 0x1E), (0x2D, 0x1E), (0x2E, 0x1F), (0x2F, 0x1F),
+        (0x30, 0x10), (0x31, 0x07), (0x32, 0x07), (0x33, 0x05), (0x34, 0x05), (0x35, 0x0B), (0x36, 0x0B), (0x37, 0x09),
+        (0x38, 0x09), (0x39, 0x1F), (0x3A, 0x1F), (0x3B, 0x17), (0x3C, 0x17), (0x3D, 0x17), (0x3E, 0x17), (0x3F, 0x03),
+        (0x40, 0x01), (0x41, 0x1F), (0x42, 0x1E), (0x43, 0x1E), (0x44, 0x1F), (0x45, 0x1F), (0x46, 0x10), (0x47, 0x06),
+        (0x48, 0x06), (0x49, 0x04), (0x4A, 0x04), (0x4B, 0x0A), (0x4C, 0x0A), (0x4D, 0x08), (0x4E, 0x08), (0x4F, 0x1F),
+        (0x50, 0x1F), (0x51, 0x17), (0x52, 0x17), (0x53, 0x17), (0x54, 0x17), (0x55, 0x02), (0x56, 0x00), (0x57, 0x1F),
+        (0xE0, 0x02),  # select page 2
+        (0x58, 0x40), (0x59, 0x00), (0x5A, 0x00), (0x5B, 0x30), (0x5C, 0x01), (0x5D, 0x30), (0x5E, 0x01), (0x5F, 0x02),
+        (0x60, 0x30), (0x61, 0x03), (0x62, 0x04), (0x63, 0x04), (0x64, 0xA6), (0x65, 0x43), (0x66, 0x30), (0x67, 0x73),
+        (0x68, 0x05), (0x69, 0x04), (0x6A, 0x7F), (0x6B, 0x08), (0x6C, 0x00), (0x6D, 0x04), (0x6E, 0x04), (0x6F, 0x88),
+        (0x75, 0xD9), (0x76, 0x00), (0x77, 0x33), (0x78, 0x43),
+        (0xE0, 0x00),  # select userpage
+    ],
+)
+
+DriverChip(
+    "WAVESHARE-ESP32-P4-WIFI6-TOUCH-LCD-4C",
+    height=720,
+    width=720,
+    hsync_back_porch=20,
+    hsync_pulse_width=20,
+    hsync_front_porch=40,
+    vsync_back_porch=12,
+    vsync_pulse_width=4,
+    vsync_front_porch=24,
+    pclk_frequency="80MHz",
+    lane_bit_rate="1.5Gbps",
+    swap_xy=cv.UNDEFINED,
+    color_order="RGB",
+    initsequence=[
+        (0xE0, 0x00),  # select userpage
+        (0xE1, 0x93), (0xE2, 0x65), (0xE3, 0xF8),
+        (0x80, 0x01),  # Select number of lanes (2)
+        (0xE0, 0x01),  # select page 1
+        (0x00, 0x00), (0x01, 0x41), (0x03, 0x10), (0x04, 0x44), (0x17, 0x00), (0x18, 0xD0), (0x19, 0x00), (0x1A, 0x00),
+        (0x1B, 0xD0), (0x1C, 0x00), (0x24, 0xFE), (0x35, 0x26), (0x37, 0x09), (0x38, 0x04), (0x39, 0x08), (0x3A, 0x0A),
+        (0x3C, 0x78), (0x3D, 0xFF), (0x3E, 0xFF), (0x3F, 0xFF), (0x40, 0x04), (0x41, 0x64), (0x42, 0xC7), (0x43, 0x18),
+        (0x44, 0x0B), (0x45, 0x14), (0x55, 0x02), (0x57, 0x49), (0x59, 0x0A), (0x5A, 0x1B), (0x5B, 0x19), (0x5D, 0x7F),
+        (0x5E, 0x56), (0x5F, 0x43), (0x60, 0x37), (0x61, 0x33), (0x62, 0x25), (0x63, 0x2A), (0x64, 0x16), (0x65, 0x30),
+        (0x66, 0x2F), (0x67, 0x32), (0x68, 0x53), (0x69, 0x43), (0x6A, 0x4C), (0x6B, 0x40), (0x6C, 0x3D), (0x6D, 0x31),
+        (0x6E, 0x20), (0x6F, 0x0F), (0x70, 0x7F), (0x71, 0x56), (0x72, 0x43), (0x73, 0x37), (0x74, 0x33), (0x75, 0x25),
+        (0x76, 0x2A), (0x77, 0x16), (0x78, 0x30), (0x79, 0x2F), (0x7A, 0x32), (0x7B, 0x53), (0x7C, 0x43), (0x7D, 0x4C),
+        (0x7E, 0x40), (0x7F, 0x3D), (0x80, 0x31), (0x81, 0x20), (0x82, 0x0F),
+        (0xE0, 0x02),  # select page 2
+        (0x00, 0x5F), (0x01, 0x5F), (0x02, 0x5E), (0x03, 0x5E), (0x04, 0x50), (0x05, 0x48), (0x06, 0x48), (0x07, 0x4A),
+        (0x08, 0x4A), (0x09, 0x44), (0x0A, 0x44), (0x0B, 0x46), (0x0C, 0x46), (0x0D, 0x5F), (0x0E, 0x5F), (0x0F, 0x57),
+        (0x10, 0x57), (0x11, 0x77), (0x12, 0x77), (0x13, 0x40), (0x14, 0x42), (0x15, 0x5F), (0x16, 0x5F), (0x17, 0x5F),
+        (0x18, 0x5E), (0x19, 0x5E), (0x1A, 0x50), (0x1B, 0x49), (0x1C, 0x49), (0x1D, 0x4B), (0x1E, 0x4B), (0x1F, 0x45),
+        (0x20, 0x45), (0x21, 0x47), (0x22, 0x47), (0x23, 0x5F), (0x24, 0x5F), (0x25, 0x57), (0x26, 0x57), (0x27, 0x77),
+        (0x28, 0x77), (0x29, 0x41), (0x2A, 0x43), (0x2B, 0x5F), (0x2C, 0x1E), (0x2D, 0x1E), (0x2E, 0x1F), (0x2F, 0x1F),
+        (0x30, 0x10), (0x31, 0x07), (0x32, 0x07), (0x33, 0x05), (0x34, 0x05), (0x35, 0x0B), (0x36, 0x0B), (0x37, 0x09),
+        (0x38, 0x09), (0x39, 0x1F), (0x3A, 0x1F), (0x3B, 0x17), (0x3C, 0x17), (0x3D, 0x17), (0x3E, 0x17), (0x3F, 0x03),
+        (0x40, 0x01), (0x41, 0x1F), (0x42, 0x1E), (0x43, 0x1E), (0x44, 0x1F), (0x45, 0x1F), (0x46, 0x10), (0x47, 0x06),
+        (0x48, 0x06), (0x49, 0x04), (0x4A, 0x04), (0x4B, 0x0A), (0x4C, 0x0A), (0x4D, 0x08), (0x4E, 0x08), (0x4F, 0x1F),
+        (0x50, 0x1F), (0x51, 0x17), (0x52, 0x17), (0x53, 0x17), (0x54, 0x17), (0x55, 0x02), (0x56, 0x00), (0x57, 0x1F),
+        (0xE0, 0x02),  # select page 2
+        (0x58, 0x40), (0x59, 0x00), (0x5A, 0x00), (0x5B, 0x30), (0x5C, 0x01), (0x5D, 0x30), (0x5E, 0x01), (0x5F, 0x02),
+        (0x60, 0x30), (0x61, 0x03), (0x62, 0x04), (0x63, 0x04), (0x64, 0xA6), (0x65, 0x43), (0x66, 0x30), (0x67, 0x73),
+        (0x68, 0x05), (0x69, 0x04), (0x6A, 0x7F), (0x6B, 0x08), (0x6C, 0x00), (0x6D, 0x04), (0x6E, 0x04), (0x6F, 0x88),
+        (0x75, 0xD9), (0x76, 0x00), (0x77, 0x33), (0x78, 0x43),
+        (0xE0, 0x00),  # select userpage
+    ]
+)

esphome/components/mipi_rgb/display.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from esphome.components.const import (
     CONF_DRAW_ROUNDING,
 )
 from esphome.components.display import CONF_SHOW_TEST_CARD
-from esphome.components.esp32 import VARIANT_ESP32S3, only_on_variant
+from esphome.components.esp32 import VARIANT_ESP32P4, VARIANT_ESP32S3, only_on_variant
 from esphome.components.mipi import (
     COLOR_ORDERS,
     CONF_DE_PIN,
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ def _config_schema(config):
     return cv.All(
         schema,
         cv.only_on_esp32,
-        only_on_variant(supported=[VARIANT_ESP32S3]),
+        only_on_variant(supported=[VARIANT_ESP32S3, VARIANT_ESP32P4]),
     )(config)
 
 

esphome/components/mipi_rgb/mipi_rgb.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#ifdef USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3
+#if defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4)
 #include "mipi_rgb.h"
 #include "esphome/core/gpio.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
@@ -401,4 +401,4 @@ void MipiRgb::dump_config() {
 
 }  // namespace mipi_rgb
 }  // namespace esphome
-#endif  // USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3
+#endif  // defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4)

esphome/components/mipi_rgb/mipi_rgb.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#ifdef USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3
+#if defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4)
 #include "esphome/core/gpio.h"
 #include "esphome/components/display/display.h"
 #include "esp_lcd_panel_ops.h"
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class MipiRgb : public display::Display {
   void setup() override;
   void loop() override;
   void update() override;
-  void fill(Color color);
+  void fill(Color color) override;
   void draw_pixels_at(int x_start, int y_start, int w, int h, const uint8_t *ptr, display::ColorOrder order,
                       display::ColorBitness bitness, bool big_endian, int x_offset, int y_offset, int x_pad) override;
   void write_to_display_(int x_start, int y_start, int w, int h, const uint8_t *ptr, int x_offset, int y_offset,
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ class MipiRgbSpi : public MipiRgb,
   void write_command_(uint8_t value);
   void write_data_(uint8_t value);
   void write_init_sequence_();
-  void dump_config();
+  void dump_config() override;
 
   GPIOPin *dc_pin_{nullptr};
   std::vector<uint8_t> init_sequence_;

esphome/components/modbus/modbus.cpp

@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ void Modbus::loop() {
   const uint32_t now = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
 
   // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   uint8_t buf[64];
   while (avail > 0) {
-    size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
     if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
       break;
     }
@@ -228,39 +228,50 @@ void Modbus::send(uint8_t address, uint8_t function_code, uint16_t start_address
     return;
   }
 
-  std::vector<uint8_t> data;
+  static constexpr size_t ADDR_SIZE = 1;
-  data.push_back(address);
+  static constexpr size_t FC_SIZE = 1;
-  data.push_back(function_code);
+  static constexpr size_t START_ADDR_SIZE = 2;
+  static constexpr size_t NUM_ENTITIES_SIZE = 2;
+  static constexpr size_t BYTE_COUNT_SIZE = 1;
+  static constexpr size_t MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE = std::numeric_limits<uint8_t>::max();
+  static constexpr size_t CRC_SIZE = 2;
+  static constexpr size_t MAX_FRAME_SIZE =
+      ADDR_SIZE + FC_SIZE + START_ADDR_SIZE + NUM_ENTITIES_SIZE + BYTE_COUNT_SIZE + MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE + CRC_SIZE;
+  uint8_t data[MAX_FRAME_SIZE];
+  size_t pos = 0;
+
+  data[pos++] = address;
+  data[pos++] = function_code;
   if (this->role == ModbusRole::CLIENT) {
-    data.push_back(start_address >> 8);
+    data[pos++] = start_address >> 8;
-    data.push_back(start_address >> 0);
+    data[pos++] = start_address >> 0;
     if (function_code != ModbusFunctionCode::WRITE_SINGLE_COIL &&
         function_code != ModbusFunctionCode::WRITE_SINGLE_REGISTER) {
-      data.push_back(number_of_entities >> 8);
+      data[pos++] = number_of_entities >> 8;
-      data.push_back(number_of_entities >> 0);
+      data[pos++] = number_of_entities >> 0;
     }
   }
 
   if (payload != nullptr) {
     if (this->role == ModbusRole::SERVER || function_code == ModbusFunctionCode::WRITE_MULTIPLE_COILS ||
         function_code == ModbusFunctionCode::WRITE_MULTIPLE_REGISTERS) {  // Write multiple
-      data.push_back(payload_len);                                        // Byte count is required for write
+      data[pos++] = payload_len;                                          // Byte count is required for write
     } else {
       payload_len = 2;  // Write single register or coil
     }
     for (int i = 0; i < payload_len; i++) {
-      data.push_back(payload[i]);
+      data[pos++] = payload[i];
     }
   }
 
-  auto crc = crc16(data.data(), data.size());
+  auto crc = crc16(data, pos);
-  data.push_back(crc >> 0);
+  data[pos++] = crc >> 0;
-  data.push_back(crc >> 8);
+  data[pos++] = crc >> 8;
 
   if (this->flow_control_pin_ != nullptr)
     this->flow_control_pin_->digital_write(true);
 
-  this->write_array(data);
+  this->write_array(data, pos);
   this->flush();
 
   if (this->flow_control_pin_ != nullptr)
@@ -270,7 +281,7 @@ void Modbus::send(uint8_t address, uint8_t function_code, uint16_t start_address
 #if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
   char hex_buf[format_hex_pretty_size(MODBUS_MAX_LOG_BYTES)];
 #endif
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Modbus write: %s", format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, data.data(), data.size()));
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Modbus write: %s", format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, data, pos));
 }
 
 // Helper function for lambdas

esphome/components/nextion/nextion.cpp

@@ -398,10 +398,10 @@ bool Nextion::remove_from_q_(bool report_empty) {
 
 void Nextion::process_serial_() {
   // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   uint8_t buf[64];
   while (avail > 0) {
-    size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
     if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
       break;
     }

esphome/components/pipsolar/pipsolar.cpp

@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ void Pipsolar::setup() {
 
 void Pipsolar::empty_uart_buffer_() {
   uint8_t buf[64];
-  int avail;
+  size_t avail;
   while ((avail = this->available()) > 0) {
-    if (!this->read_array(buf, std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf)))) {
+    if (!this->read_array(buf, std::min(avail, sizeof(buf)))) {
       break;
     }
   }
@@ -97,10 +97,10 @@ void Pipsolar::loop() {
   }
 
   if (this->state_ == STATE_COMMAND || this->state_ == STATE_POLL) {
-    int avail = this->available();
+    size_t avail = this->available();
     while (avail > 0) {
       uint8_t buf[64];
-      size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+      size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
       if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
         break;
       }

esphome/components/pylontech/pylontech.cpp

@@ -56,14 +56,14 @@ void PylontechComponent::setup() {
 void PylontechComponent::update() { this->write_str("pwr\n"); }
 
 void PylontechComponent::loop() {
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   if (avail > 0) {
     // pylontech sends a lot of data very suddenly
     // we need to quickly put it all into our own buffer, otherwise the uart's buffer will overflow
     int recv = 0;
     uint8_t buf[64];
     while (avail > 0) {
-      size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+      size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
       if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
         break;
       }

esphome/components/rd03d/rd03d.cpp

@@ -82,10 +82,10 @@ void RD03DComponent::dump_config() {
 
 void RD03DComponent::loop() {
   // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   uint8_t buf[64];
   while (avail > 0) {
-    size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
     if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
       break;
     }

esphome/components/rf_bridge/rf_bridge.cpp

@@ -136,10 +136,10 @@ void RFBridgeComponent::loop() {
     this->last_bridge_byte_ = now;
   }
 
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   while (avail > 0) {
     uint8_t buf[64];
-    size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
     if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
       break;
     }

esphome/components/seeed_mr24hpc1/seeed_mr24hpc1.cpp

@@ -107,10 +107,10 @@ void MR24HPC1Component::update_() {
 // main loop
 void MR24HPC1Component::loop() {
   // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   uint8_t buf[64];
   while (avail > 0) {
-    size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
     if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
       break;
     }

esphome/components/seeed_mr60bha2/seeed_mr60bha2.cpp

@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ void MR60BHA2Component::dump_config() {
 // main loop
 void MR60BHA2Component::loop() {
   // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   uint8_t buf[64];
   while (avail > 0) {
-    size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
     if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
       break;
     }

esphome/components/seeed_mr60fda2/seeed_mr60fda2.cpp

@@ -50,10 +50,10 @@ void MR60FDA2Component::setup() {
 // main loop
 void MR60FDA2Component::loop() {
   // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   uint8_t buf[64];
   while (avail > 0) {
-    size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
     if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
       break;
     }

esphome/components/sensor/filter.cpp

@@ -9,6 +9,11 @@ namespace esphome::sensor {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "sensor.filter";
 
+// Filter scheduler IDs.
+// Each filter is its own Component instance, so the scheduler scopes
+// IDs by component pointer — no risk of collisions between instances.
+constexpr uint32_t FILTER_ID = 0;
+
 // Filter
 void Filter::input(float value) {
   ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Filter(%p)::input(%f)", this, value);
@@ -191,7 +196,7 @@ optional<float> ThrottleAverageFilter::new_value(float value) {
   return {};
 }
 void ThrottleAverageFilter::setup() {
-  this->set_interval("throttle_average", this->time_period_, [this]() {
+  this->set_interval(FILTER_ID, this->time_period_, [this]() {
     ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "ThrottleAverageFilter(%p)::interval(sum=%f, n=%i)", this, this->sum_, this->n_);
     if (this->n_ == 0) {
       if (this->have_nan_)
@@ -383,7 +388,7 @@ optional<float> TimeoutFilterConfigured::new_value(float value) {
 
 // DebounceFilter
 optional<float> DebounceFilter::new_value(float value) {
-  this->set_timeout("debounce", this->time_period_, [this, value]() { this->output(value); });
+  this->set_timeout(FILTER_ID, this->time_period_, [this, value]() { this->output(value); });
 
   return {};
 }
@@ -406,7 +411,7 @@ optional<float> HeartbeatFilter::new_value(float value) {
 }
 
 void HeartbeatFilter::setup() {
-  this->set_interval("heartbeat", this->time_period_, [this]() {
+  this->set_interval(FILTER_ID, this->time_period_, [this]() {
     ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "HeartbeatFilter(%p)::interval(has_value=%s, last_input=%f)", this, YESNO(this->has_value_),
               this->last_input_);
     if (!this->has_value_)

esphome/components/template/water_heater/__init__.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import water_heater
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
+    CONF_AWAY,
     CONF_ID,
     CONF_MODE,
     CONF_OPTIMISTIC,
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ from esphome.types import ConfigType
 from .. import template_ns
 
 CONF_CURRENT_TEMPERATURE = "current_temperature"
+CONF_IS_ON = "is_on"
 
 TemplateWaterHeater = template_ns.class_(
     "TemplateWaterHeater", cg.Component, water_heater.WaterHeater
@@ -51,6 +53,8 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
             cv.Optional(CONF_SUPPORTED_MODES): cv.ensure_list(
                 water_heater.validate_water_heater_mode
             ),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_AWAY): cv.returning_lambda,
+            cv.Optional(CONF_IS_ON): cv.returning_lambda,
         }
     )
     .extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
@@ -98,6 +102,22 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     if CONF_SUPPORTED_MODES in config:
         cg.add(var.set_supported_modes(config[CONF_SUPPORTED_MODES]))
 
+    if CONF_AWAY in config:
+        template_ = await cg.process_lambda(
+            config[CONF_AWAY],
+            [],
+            return_type=cg.optional.template(bool),
+        )
+        cg.add(var.set_away_lambda(template_))
+
+    if CONF_IS_ON in config:
+        template_ = await cg.process_lambda(
+            config[CONF_IS_ON],
+            [],
+            return_type=cg.optional.template(bool),
+        )
+        cg.add(var.set_is_on_lambda(template_))
+
 
 @automation.register_action(
     "water_heater.template.publish",
@@ -110,6 +130,8 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
             cv.Optional(CONF_MODE): cv.templatable(
                 water_heater.validate_water_heater_mode
             ),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_AWAY): cv.templatable(cv.boolean),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_IS_ON): cv.templatable(cv.boolean),
         }
     ),
 )
@@ -134,4 +156,12 @@ async def water_heater_template_publish_to_code(
         template_ = await cg.templatable(mode, args, water_heater.WaterHeaterMode)
         cg.add(var.set_mode(template_))
 
+    if CONF_AWAY in config:
+        template_ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_AWAY], args, bool)
+        cg.add(var.set_away(template_))
+
+    if CONF_IS_ON in config:
+        template_ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_IS_ON], args, bool)
+        cg.add(var.set_is_on(template_))
+
     return var

esphome/components/template/water_heater/automation.h

@@ -11,12 +11,15 @@ class TemplateWaterHeaterPublishAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<T
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, current_temperature)
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, target_temperature)
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(water_heater::WaterHeaterMode, mode)
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(bool, away)
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(bool, is_on)
 
   void play(const Ts &...x) override {
     if (this->current_temperature_.has_value()) {
       this->parent_->set_current_temperature(this->current_temperature_.value(x...));
     }
-    bool needs_call = this->target_temperature_.has_value() || this->mode_.has_value();
+    bool needs_call = this->target_temperature_.has_value() || this->mode_.has_value() || this->away_.has_value() ||
+                      this->is_on_.has_value();
     if (needs_call) {
       auto call = this->parent_->make_call();
       if (this->target_temperature_.has_value()) {
@@ -25,6 +28,12 @@ class TemplateWaterHeaterPublishAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<T
       if (this->mode_.has_value()) {
         call.set_mode(this->mode_.value(x...));
       }
+      if (this->away_.has_value()) {
+        call.set_away(this->away_.value(x...));
+      }
+      if (this->is_on_.has_value()) {
+        call.set_on(this->is_on_.value(x...));
+      }
       call.perform();
     } else {
       this->parent_->publish_state();

esphome/components/template/water_heater/template_water_heater.cpp

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ void TemplateWaterHeater::setup() {
     }
   }
   if (!this->current_temperature_f_.has_value() && !this->target_temperature_f_.has_value() &&
-      !this->mode_f_.has_value())
+      !this->mode_f_.has_value() && !this->away_f_.has_value() && !this->is_on_f_.has_value())
     this->disable_loop();
 }
 
@@ -32,6 +32,12 @@ water_heater::WaterHeaterTraits TemplateWaterHeater::traits() {
   if (this->target_temperature_f_.has_value()) {
     traits.add_feature_flags(water_heater::WATER_HEATER_SUPPORTS_TARGET_TEMPERATURE);
   }
+  if (this->away_f_.has_value()) {
+    traits.set_supports_away_mode(true);
+  }
+  if (this->is_on_f_.has_value()) {
+    traits.add_feature_flags(water_heater::WATER_HEATER_SUPPORTS_ON_OFF);
+  }
   return traits;
 }
 
@@ -62,6 +68,22 @@ void TemplateWaterHeater::loop() {
     }
   }
 
+  auto away = this->away_f_.call();
+  if (away.has_value()) {
+    if (*away != this->is_away()) {
+      this->set_state_flag_(water_heater::WATER_HEATER_STATE_AWAY, *away);
+      changed = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  auto is_on = this->is_on_f_.call();
+  if (is_on.has_value()) {
+    if (*is_on != this->is_on()) {
+      this->set_state_flag_(water_heater::WATER_HEATER_STATE_ON, *is_on);
+      changed = true;
+    }
+  }
+
   if (changed) {
     this->publish_state();
   }
@@ -90,6 +112,17 @@ void TemplateWaterHeater::control(const water_heater::WaterHeaterCall &call) {
     }
   }
 
+  if (call.get_away().has_value()) {
+    if (this->optimistic_) {
+      this->set_state_flag_(water_heater::WATER_HEATER_STATE_AWAY, *call.get_away());
+    }
+  }
+  if (call.get_on().has_value()) {
+    if (this->optimistic_) {
+      this->set_state_flag_(water_heater::WATER_HEATER_STATE_ON, *call.get_on());
+    }
+  }
+
   this->set_trigger_.trigger();
 
   if (this->optimistic_) {

esphome/components/template/water_heater/template_water_heater.h

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ class TemplateWaterHeater : public Component, public water_heater::WaterHeater {
     this->target_temperature_f_.set(std::forward<F>(f));
   }
   template<typename F> void set_mode_lambda(F &&f) { this->mode_f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  template<typename F> void set_away_lambda(F &&f) { this->away_f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  template<typename F> void set_is_on_lambda(F &&f) { this->is_on_f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
 
   void set_optimistic(bool optimistic) { this->optimistic_ = optimistic; }
   void set_restore_mode(TemplateWaterHeaterRestoreMode restore_mode) { this->restore_mode_ = restore_mode; }
@@ -49,6 +51,8 @@ class TemplateWaterHeater : public Component, public water_heater::WaterHeater {
   TemplateLambda<float> current_temperature_f_;
   TemplateLambda<float> target_temperature_f_;
   TemplateLambda<water_heater::WaterHeaterMode> mode_f_;
+  TemplateLambda<bool> away_f_;
+  TemplateLambda<bool> is_on_f_;
   TemplateWaterHeaterRestoreMode restore_mode_{WATER_HEATER_NO_RESTORE};
   water_heater::WaterHeaterModeMask supported_modes_;
   bool optimistic_{true};

esphome/components/tormatic/tormatic_cover.cpp

@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ void Tormatic::stop_at_target_() {
 // Read a GateStatus from the unit. The unit only sends messages in response to
 // status requests or commands, so a message needs to be sent first.
 optional<GateStatus> Tormatic::read_gate_status_() {
-  if (this->available() < static_cast<int>(sizeof(MessageHeader))) {
+  if (this->available() < sizeof(MessageHeader)) {
     return {};
   }
 

esphome/components/tuya/tuya.cpp

@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ void Tuya::setup() {
 
 void Tuya::loop() {
   // Read all available bytes in batches to reduce UART call overhead.
-  int avail = this->available();
+  size_t avail = this->available();
   uint8_t buf[64];
   while (avail > 0) {
-    size_t to_read = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(avail), sizeof(buf));
+    size_t to_read = std::min(avail, sizeof(buf));
     if (!this->read_array(buf, to_read)) {
       break;
     }

esphome/components/uart/uart.cpp

@@ -3,12 +3,16 @@
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
+#include "esphome/core/progmem.h"
 #include <cinttypes>
 
 namespace esphome::uart {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "uart";
 
+// UART parity strings indexed by UARTParityOptions enum (0-2): NONE, EVEN, ODD
+PROGMEM_STRING_TABLE(UARTParityStrings, "NONE", "EVEN", "ODD", "UNKNOWN");
+
 void UARTDevice::check_uart_settings(uint32_t baud_rate, uint8_t stop_bits, UARTParityOptions parity,
                                      uint8_t data_bits) {
   if (this->parent_->get_baud_rate() != baud_rate) {
@@ -30,16 +34,7 @@ void UARTDevice::check_uart_settings(uint32_t baud_rate, uint8_t stop_bits, UART
 }
 
 const LogString *parity_to_str(UARTParityOptions parity) {
-  switch (parity) {
+  return UARTParityStrings::get_log_str(static_cast<uint8_t>(parity), UARTParityStrings::LAST_INDEX);
-    case UART_CONFIG_PARITY_NONE:
-      return LOG_STR("NONE");
-    case UART_CONFIG_PARITY_EVEN:
-      return LOG_STR("EVEN");
-    case UART_CONFIG_PARITY_ODD:
-      return LOG_STR("ODD");
-    default:
-      return LOG_STR("UNKNOWN");
-  }
 }
 
 }  // namespace esphome::uart

esphome/components/uart/uart.h

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ class UARTDevice {
     return res;
   }
 
-  int available() { return this->parent_->available(); }
+  size_t available() { return this->parent_->available(); }
 
   void flush() { this->parent_->flush(); }
 

esphome/components/uart/uart_component.cpp

@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ namespace esphome::uart {
 static const char *const TAG = "uart";
 
 bool UARTComponent::check_read_timeout_(size_t len) {
-  if (this->available() >= int(len))
+  if (this->available() >= len)
     return true;
 
   uint32_t start_time = millis();
-  while (this->available() < int(len)) {
+  while (this->available() < len) {
     if (millis() - start_time > 100) {
-      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Reading from UART timed out at byte %u!", this->available());
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Reading from UART timed out at byte %zu!", this->available());
       return false;
     }
     yield();

esphome/components/uart/uart_component.h

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class UARTComponent {
 
   // Pure virtual method to return the number of bytes available for reading.
   // @return Number of available bytes.
-  virtual int available() = 0;
+  virtual size_t available() = 0;
 
   // Pure virtual method to block until all bytes have been written to the UART bus.
   virtual void flush() = 0;

esphome/components/uart/uart_component_esp8266.cpp

@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ bool ESP8266UartComponent::read_array(uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
 #endif
   return true;
 }
-int ESP8266UartComponent::available() {
+size_t ESP8266UartComponent::available() {
   if (this->hw_serial_ != nullptr) {
     return this->hw_serial_->available();
   } else {
@@ -329,11 +329,14 @@ uint8_t ESP8266SoftwareSerial::peek_byte() {
 void ESP8266SoftwareSerial::flush() {
   // Flush is a NO-OP with software serial, all bytes are written immediately.
 }
-int ESP8266SoftwareSerial::available() {
+size_t ESP8266SoftwareSerial::available() {
-  int avail = int(this->rx_in_pos_) - int(this->rx_out_pos_);
+  // Read volatile rx_in_pos_ once to avoid TOCTOU race with ISR.
-  if (avail < 0)
+  // When in >= out, data is contiguous: [out..in).
-    return avail + this->rx_buffer_size_;
+  // When in < out, data wraps: [out..buf_size) + [0..in).
-  return avail;
+  size_t in = this->rx_in_pos_;
+  if (in >= this->rx_out_pos_)
+    return in - this->rx_out_pos_;
+  return this->rx_buffer_size_ - this->rx_out_pos_ + in;
 }
 
 }  // namespace esphome::uart

esphome/components/uart/uart_component_esp8266.h

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class ESP8266SoftwareSerial {
 
   void write_byte(uint8_t data);
 
-  int available();
+  size_t available();
 
  protected:
   static void gpio_intr(ESP8266SoftwareSerial *arg);
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class ESP8266UartComponent : public UARTComponent, public Component {
   bool peek_byte(uint8_t *data) override;
   bool read_array(uint8_t *data, size_t len) override;
 
-  int available() override;
+  size_t available() override;
   void flush() override;
 
   uint32_t get_config();

esphome/components/uart/uart_component_esp_idf.cpp

@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ bool IDFUARTComponent::read_array(uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
   return read_len == (int32_t) length_to_read;
 }
 
-int IDFUARTComponent::available() {
+size_t IDFUARTComponent::available() {
   size_t available = 0;
   esp_err_t err;
 

esphome/components/uart/uart_component_esp_idf.h

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class IDFUARTComponent : public UARTComponent, public Component {
   bool peek_byte(uint8_t *data) override;
   bool read_array(uint8_t *data, size_t len) override;
 
-  int available() override;
+  size_t available() override;
   void flush() override;
 
   uint8_t get_hw_serial_number() { return this->uart_num_; }

esphome/components/uart/uart_component_host.cpp

@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ bool HostUartComponent::read_array(uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
   return true;
 }
 
-int HostUartComponent::available() {
+size_t HostUartComponent::available() {
   if (this->file_descriptor_ == -1) {
     return 0;
   }
@@ -275,9 +275,10 @@ int HostUartComponent::available() {
     this->update_error_(strerror(errno));
     return 0;
   }
+  size_t result = available;
   if (this->has_peek_)
-    available++;
+    result++;
-  return available;
+  return result;
 };
 
 void HostUartComponent::flush() {

esphome/components/uart/uart_component_host.h

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class HostUartComponent : public UARTComponent, public Component {
   void write_array(const uint8_t *data, size_t len) override;
   bool peek_byte(uint8_t *data) override;
   bool read_array(uint8_t *data, size_t len) override;
-  int available() override;
+  size_t available() override;
   void flush() override;
   void set_name(std::string port_name) { port_name_ = port_name; };
 

esphome/components/uart/uart_component_libretiny.cpp

@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ bool LibreTinyUARTComponent::read_array(uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
   return true;
 }
 
-int LibreTinyUARTComponent::available() { return this->serial_->available(); }
+size_t LibreTinyUARTComponent::available() { return this->serial_->available(); }
 void LibreTinyUARTComponent::flush() {
   ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "    Flushing");
   this->serial_->flush();

esphome/components/uart/uart_component_libretiny.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class LibreTinyUARTComponent : public UARTComponent, public Component {
   bool peek_byte(uint8_t *data) override;
   bool read_array(uint8_t *data, size_t len) override;
 
-  int available() override;
+  size_t available() override;
   void flush() override;
 
   uint16_t get_config();

esphome/components/uart/uart_component_rp2040.cpp

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ bool RP2040UartComponent::read_array(uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
 #endif
   return true;
 }
-int RP2040UartComponent::available() { return this->serial_->available(); }
+size_t RP2040UartComponent::available() { return this->serial_->available(); }
 void RP2040UartComponent::flush() {
   ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "    Flushing");
   this->serial_->flush();

esphome/components/uart/uart_component_rp2040.h

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class RP2040UartComponent : public UARTComponent, public Component {
   bool peek_byte(uint8_t *data) override;
   bool read_array(uint8_t *data, size_t len) override;
 
-  int available() override;
+  size_t available() override;
   void flush() override;
 
   uint16_t get_config();

esphome/components/usb_cdc_acm/usb_cdc_acm.h

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class USBCDCACMInstance : public uart::UARTComponent, public Parented<USBCDCACMC
   void write_array(const uint8_t *data, size_t len) override;
   bool peek_byte(uint8_t *data) override;
   bool read_array(uint8_t *data, size_t len) override;
-  int available() override;
+  size_t available() override;
   void flush() override;
 
  protected:

esphome/components/usb_cdc_acm/usb_cdc_acm_esp32.cpp

@@ -318,12 +318,12 @@ bool USBCDCACMInstance::read_array(uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
   return bytes_read == original_len;
 }
 
-int USBCDCACMInstance::available() {
+size_t USBCDCACMInstance::available() {
   UBaseType_t waiting = 0;
   if (this->usb_rx_ringbuf_ != nullptr) {
     vRingbufferGetInfo(this->usb_rx_ringbuf_, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, &waiting);
   }
-  return static_cast<int>(waiting) + (this->has_peek_ ? 1 : 0);
+  return waiting + (this->has_peek_ ? 1 : 0);
 }
 
 void USBCDCACMInstance::flush() {

esphome/components/usb_uart/usb_uart.h

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ class USBUartChannel : public uart::UARTComponent, public Parented<USBUartCompon
   bool peek_byte(uint8_t *data) override;
   ;
   bool read_array(uint8_t *data, size_t len) override;
-  int available() override { return static_cast<int>(this->input_buffer_.get_available()); }
+  size_t available() override { return this->input_buffer_.get_available(); }
   void flush() override {}
   void check_logger_conflict() override {}
   void set_parity(UARTParityOptions parity) { this->parity_ = parity; }

esphome/components/voice_assistant/__init__.py

@@ -371,7 +371,12 @@ async def to_code(config):
     if on_timer_tick := config.get(CONF_ON_TIMER_TICK):
         await automation.build_automation(
             var.get_timer_tick_trigger(),
-            [(cg.std_vector.template(Timer), "timers")],
+            [
+                (
+                    cg.std_vector.template(Timer).operator("const").operator("ref"),
+                    "timers",
+                )
+            ],
             on_timer_tick,
         )
         has_timers = True

esphome/components/voice_assistant/voice_assistant.cpp

@@ -859,35 +859,43 @@ void VoiceAssistant::on_audio(const api::VoiceAssistantAudio &msg) {
 }
 
 void VoiceAssistant::on_timer_event(const api::VoiceAssistantTimerEventResponse &msg) {
-  Timer timer = {
+  // Find existing timer or add a new one
-      .id = msg.timer_id,
+  auto it = this->timers_.begin();
-      .name = msg.name,
+  for (; it != this->timers_.end(); ++it) {
-      .total_seconds = msg.total_seconds,
+    if (it->id == msg.timer_id)
-      .seconds_left = msg.seconds_left,
+      break;
-      .is_active = msg.is_active,
+  }
-  };
+  if (it == this->timers_.end()) {
-  this->timers_[timer.id] = timer;
+    this->timers_.push_back({});
+    it = this->timers_.end() - 1;
+  }
+  it->id = msg.timer_id;
+  it->name = msg.name;
+  it->total_seconds = msg.total_seconds;
+  it->seconds_left = msg.seconds_left;
+  it->is_active = msg.is_active;
+
   char timer_buf[Timer::TO_STR_BUFFER_SIZE];
   ESP_LOGD(TAG,
            "Timer Event\n"
            "  Type: %" PRId32 "\n"
            "  %s",
-           msg.event_type, timer.to_str(timer_buf));
+           msg.event_type, it->to_str(timer_buf));
 
   switch (msg.event_type) {
     case api::enums::VOICE_ASSISTANT_TIMER_STARTED:
-      this->timer_started_trigger_.trigger(timer);
+      this->timer_started_trigger_.trigger(*it);
       break;
     case api::enums::VOICE_ASSISTANT_TIMER_UPDATED:
-      this->timer_updated_trigger_.trigger(timer);
+      this->timer_updated_trigger_.trigger(*it);
       break;
     case api::enums::VOICE_ASSISTANT_TIMER_CANCELLED:
-      this->timer_cancelled_trigger_.trigger(timer);
+      this->timer_cancelled_trigger_.trigger(*it);
-      this->timers_.erase(timer.id);
+      this->timers_.erase(it);
       break;
     case api::enums::VOICE_ASSISTANT_TIMER_FINISHED:
-      this->timer_finished_trigger_.trigger(timer);
+      this->timer_finished_trigger_.trigger(*it);
-      this->timers_.erase(timer.id);
+      this->timers_.erase(it);
       break;
   }
 
@@ -901,16 +909,12 @@ void VoiceAssistant::on_timer_event(const api::VoiceAssistantTimerEventResponse
 }
 
 void VoiceAssistant::timer_tick_() {
-  std::vector<Timer> res;
+  for (auto &timer : this->timers_) {
-  res.reserve(this->timers_.size());
-  for (auto &pair : this->timers_) {
-    auto &timer = pair.second;
     if (timer.is_active && timer.seconds_left > 0) {
       timer.seconds_left--;
     }
-    res.push_back(timer);
   }
-  this->timer_tick_trigger_.trigger(res);
+  this->timer_tick_trigger_.trigger(this->timers_);
 }
 
 void VoiceAssistant::on_announce(const api::VoiceAssistantAnnounceRequest &msg) {

esphome/components/voice_assistant/voice_assistant.h

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 #include "esphome/components/socket/socket.h"
 
 #include <span>
-#include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -83,7 +82,7 @@ struct Timer {
   }
   // Remove before 2026.8.0
   ESPDEPRECATED("Use to_str() instead. Removed in 2026.8.0", "2026.2.0")
-  std::string to_string() const {
+  std::string to_string() const {  // NOLINT
     char buffer[TO_STR_BUFFER_SIZE];
     return this->to_str(buffer);
   }
@@ -226,9 +225,9 @@ class VoiceAssistant : public Component {
   Trigger<Timer> *get_timer_updated_trigger() { return &this->timer_updated_trigger_; }
   Trigger<Timer> *get_timer_cancelled_trigger() { return &this->timer_cancelled_trigger_; }
   Trigger<Timer> *get_timer_finished_trigger() { return &this->timer_finished_trigger_; }
-  Trigger<std::vector<Timer>> *get_timer_tick_trigger() { return &this->timer_tick_trigger_; }
+  Trigger<const std::vector<Timer> &> *get_timer_tick_trigger() { return &this->timer_tick_trigger_; }
   void set_has_timers(bool has_timers) { this->has_timers_ = has_timers; }
-  const std::unordered_map<std::string, Timer> &get_timers() const { return this->timers_; }
+  const std::vector<Timer> &get_timers() const { return this->timers_; }
 
  protected:
   bool allocate_buffers_();
@@ -267,13 +266,13 @@ class VoiceAssistant : public Component {
 
   api::APIConnection *api_client_{nullptr};
 
-  std::unordered_map<std::string, Timer> timers_;
+  std::vector<Timer> timers_;
   void timer_tick_();
   Trigger<Timer> timer_started_trigger_;
   Trigger<Timer> timer_finished_trigger_;
   Trigger<Timer> timer_updated_trigger_;
   Trigger<Timer> timer_cancelled_trigger_;
-  Trigger<std::vector<Timer>> timer_tick_trigger_;
+  Trigger<const std::vector<Timer> &> timer_tick_trigger_;
   bool has_timers_{false};
   bool timer_tick_running_{false};
 

esphome/components/water_heater/water_heater.h

@@ -90,9 +90,22 @@ class WaterHeaterCall {
   float get_target_temperature_low() const { return this->target_temperature_low_; }
   float get_target_temperature_high() const { return this->target_temperature_high_; }
   /// Get state flags value
+  ESPDEPRECATED("get_state() is deprecated, use get_away() and get_on() instead. (Removed in 2026.8.0)", "2026.2.0")
   uint32_t get_state() const { return this->state_; }
-  /// Get mask of state flags that are being changed
+
-  uint32_t get_state_mask() const { return this->state_mask_; }
+  optional<bool> get_away() const {
+    if (this->state_mask_ & WATER_HEATER_STATE_AWAY) {
+      return (this->state_ & WATER_HEATER_STATE_AWAY) != 0;
+    }
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  optional<bool> get_on() const {
+    if (this->state_mask_ & WATER_HEATER_STATE_ON) {
+      return (this->state_ & WATER_HEATER_STATE_ON) != 0;
+    }
+    return {};
+  }
 
  protected:
   void validate_();

esphome/components/web_server_base/__init__.py

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
+from pathlib import Path
+
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_ID
 from esphome.core import CORE, coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.coroutine import CoroPriority
+from esphome.helpers import copy_file_if_changed
 
 CODEOWNERS = ["@esphome/core"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["network"]
@@ -49,5 +52,15 @@ async def to_code(config):
             CORE.add_platformio_option(
                 "lib_ignore", ["ESPAsyncTCP", "AsyncTCP", "AsyncTCP_RP2040W"]
             )
+            # ESPAsyncWebServer uses Hash library for sha1() on RP2040
+            cg.add_library("Hash", None)
+            # Fix Hash.h include conflict: Crypto-no-arduino (used by dsmr)
+            # provides a Hash.h that shadows the framework's Hash library.
+            # Prepend the framework Hash path so it's found first.
+            copy_file_if_changed(
+                Path(__file__).parent / "fix_rp2040_hash.py.script",
+                CORE.relative_build_path("fix_rp2040_hash.py"),
+            )
+            cg.add_platformio_option("extra_scripts", ["pre:fix_rp2040_hash.py"])
         # https://github.com/ESP32Async/ESPAsyncWebServer/blob/main/library.json
         cg.add_library("ESP32Async/ESPAsyncWebServer", "3.9.6")

esphome/components/web_server_base/fix_rp2040_hash.py.script

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# ESPAsyncWebServer includes <Hash.h> expecting the Arduino-Pico framework's Hash
+# library (which provides sha1() functions). However, the Crypto-no-arduino library
+# (used by dsmr) also provides a Hash.h that can shadow the framework version when
+# PlatformIO's chain+ LDF mode auto-discovers it as a dependency.
+# Prepend the framework Hash path to CXXFLAGS so it is found first.
+import os
+
+Import("env")
+framework_dir = env.PioPlatform().get_package_dir("framework-arduinopico")
+hash_src = os.path.join(framework_dir, "libraries", "Hash", "src")
+env.Prepend(CXXFLAGS=["-I" + hash_src])

esphome/components/weikai/weikai.cpp

@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ bool WeikaiChannel::peek_byte(uint8_t *buffer) {
   return this->receive_buffer_.peek(*buffer);
 }
 
-int WeikaiChannel::available() {
+size_t WeikaiChannel::available() {
   size_t available = this->receive_buffer_.count();
   if (!available)
     available = xfer_fifo_to_buffer_();

esphome/components/weikai/weikai.h

@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ class WeikaiChannel : public uart::UARTComponent {
 
   /// @brief Returns the number of bytes in the receive buffer
   /// @return the number of bytes available in the receiver fifo
-  int available() override;
+  size_t available() override;
 
   /// @brief Flush the output fifo.
   /// @details If we refer to Serial.flush() in Arduino it says: ** Waits for the transmission of outgoing serial data

esphome/components/zigbee/zigbee_zephyr.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include <zephyr/settings/settings.h>
 #include <zephyr/storage/flash_map.h>
+#include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 
 extern "C" {
 #include <zboss_api.h>
@@ -223,6 +224,7 @@ void ZigbeeComponent::dump_config() {
                 get_wipe_on_boot(), YESNO(zb_zdo_joined()), zb_get_current_channel(), zb_get_current_page(),
                 zb_get_sleep_threshold(), role(), ieee_addr_buf, zb_get_short_address(), extended_pan_id_buf,
                 zb_get_pan_id());
+  dump_reporting_();
 }
 
 static void send_attribute_report(zb_bufid_t bufid, zb_uint16_t cmd_id) {
@@ -244,6 +246,33 @@ void ZigbeeComponent::factory_reset() {
   ZB_SCHEDULE_APP_CALLBACK(zb_bdb_reset_via_local_action, 0);
 }
 
+void ZigbeeComponent::dump_reporting_() {
+#ifdef ESPHOME_LOG_HAS_VERBOSE
+  auto now = millis();
+  bool first = true;
+  for (zb_uint8_t j = 0; j < ZCL_CTX().device_ctx->ep_count; j++) {
+    if (ZCL_CTX().device_ctx->ep_desc_list[j]->reporting_info) {
+      zb_zcl_reporting_info_t *rep_info = ZCL_CTX().device_ctx->ep_desc_list[j]->reporting_info;
+      for (zb_uint8_t i = 0; i < ZCL_CTX().device_ctx->ep_desc_list[j]->rep_info_count; i++) {
+        if (!first) {
+          ESP_LOGV(TAG, "");
+        }
+        first = false;
+        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Endpoint: %d, cluster_id %d, attr_id %d, flags %d, report in %ums", rep_info->ep,
+                 rep_info->cluster_id, rep_info->attr_id, rep_info->flags,
+                 ZB_ZCL_GET_REPORTING_FLAG(rep_info, ZB_ZCL_REPORT_TIMER_STARTED)
+                     ? ZB_TIME_BEACON_INTERVAL_TO_MSEC(rep_info->run_time) - now
+                     : 0);
+        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Min_interval %ds, max_interval %ds, def_min_interval %ds, def_max_interval %ds",
+                 rep_info->u.send_info.min_interval, rep_info->u.send_info.max_interval,
+                 rep_info->u.send_info.def_min_interval, rep_info->u.send_info.def_max_interval);
+        rep_info++;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
 }  // namespace esphome::zigbee
 
 extern "C" void zboss_signal_handler(zb_uint8_t param) {

esphome/components/zigbee/zigbee_zephyr.h

@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ class ZigbeeComponent : public Component {
 #ifdef USE_ZIGBEE_WIPE_ON_BOOT
   void erase_flash_(int area);
 #endif
+  void dump_reporting_();
   std::array<std::function<void(zb_bufid_t bufid)>, ZIGBEE_ENDPOINTS_COUNT> callbacks_{};
   CallbackManager<void()> join_cb_;
   Trigger<> join_trigger_;

esphome/core/base_automation.h

@@ -191,15 +191,17 @@ template<typename... Ts> class DelayAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Compon
     // instead of std::bind to avoid bind overhead (~16 bytes heap + faster execution)
     if constexpr (sizeof...(Ts) == 0) {
       App.scheduler.set_timer_common_(
-          this, Scheduler::SchedulerItem::TIMEOUT, Scheduler::NameType::STATIC_STRING, "delay", 0, this->delay_.value(),
+          this, Scheduler::SchedulerItem::TIMEOUT, Scheduler::NameType::NUMERIC_ID_INTERNAL, nullptr,
+          static_cast<uint32_t>(InternalSchedulerID::DELAY_ACTION), this->delay_.value(),
           [this]() { this->play_next_(); },
           /* is_retry= */ false, /* skip_cancel= */ this->num_running_ > 1);
     } else {
       // For delays with arguments, use std::bind to preserve argument values
       // Arguments must be copied because original references may be invalid after delay
       auto f = std::bind(&DelayAction<Ts...>::play_next_, this, x...);
-      App.scheduler.set_timer_common_(this, Scheduler::SchedulerItem::TIMEOUT, Scheduler::NameType::STATIC_STRING,
+      App.scheduler.set_timer_common_(this, Scheduler::SchedulerItem::TIMEOUT, Scheduler::NameType::NUMERIC_ID_INTERNAL,
-                                      "delay", 0, this->delay_.value(x...), std::move(f),
+                                      nullptr, static_cast<uint32_t>(InternalSchedulerID::DELAY_ACTION),
+                                      this->delay_.value(x...), std::move(f),
                                       /* is_retry= */ false, /* skip_cancel= */ this->num_running_ > 1);
     }
   }
@@ -208,7 +210,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class DelayAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Compon
   void play(const Ts &...x) override { /* ignore - see play_complex */
   }
 
-  void stop() override { this->cancel_timeout("delay"); }
+  void stop() override { this->cancel_timeout(InternalSchedulerID::DELAY_ACTION); }
 };
 
 template<typename... Ts> class LambdaAction : public Action<Ts...> {

esphome/core/component.cpp

@@ -152,7 +152,10 @@ void Component::set_retry(const std::string &name, uint32_t initial_wait_time, u
 
 void Component::set_retry(const char *name, uint32_t initial_wait_time, uint8_t max_attempts,
                           std::function<RetryResult(uint8_t)> &&f, float backoff_increase_factor) {  // NOLINT
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
   App.scheduler.set_retry(this, name, initial_wait_time, max_attempts, std::move(f), backoff_increase_factor);
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
 }
 
 bool Component::cancel_retry(const std::string &name) {  // NOLINT
@@ -163,7 +166,10 @@ bool Component::cancel_retry(const std::string &name) {  // NOLINT
 }
 
 bool Component::cancel_retry(const char *name) {  // NOLINT
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
   return App.scheduler.cancel_retry(this, name);
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
 }
 
 void Component::set_timeout(const std::string &name, uint32_t timeout, std::function<void()> &&f) {  // NOLINT
@@ -195,18 +201,38 @@ void Component::set_timeout(uint32_t id, uint32_t timeout, std::function<void()>
 
 bool Component::cancel_timeout(uint32_t id) { return App.scheduler.cancel_timeout(this, id); }
 
+void Component::set_timeout(InternalSchedulerID id, uint32_t timeout, std::function<void()> &&f) {  // NOLINT
+  App.scheduler.set_timeout(this, id, timeout, std::move(f));
+}
+
+bool Component::cancel_timeout(InternalSchedulerID id) { return App.scheduler.cancel_timeout(this, id); }
+
 void Component::set_interval(uint32_t id, uint32_t interval, std::function<void()> &&f) {  // NOLINT
   App.scheduler.set_interval(this, id, interval, std::move(f));
 }
 
 bool Component::cancel_interval(uint32_t id) { return App.scheduler.cancel_interval(this, id); }
 
-void Component::set_retry(uint32_t id, uint32_t initial_wait_time, uint8_t max_attempts,
+void Component::set_interval(InternalSchedulerID id, uint32_t interval, std::function<void()> &&f) {  // NOLINT
-                          std::function<RetryResult(uint8_t)> &&f, float backoff_increase_factor) {  // NOLINT
+  App.scheduler.set_interval(this, id, interval, std::move(f));
-  App.scheduler.set_retry(this, id, initial_wait_time, max_attempts, std::move(f), backoff_increase_factor);
 }
 
-bool Component::cancel_retry(uint32_t id) { return App.scheduler.cancel_retry(this, id); }
+bool Component::cancel_interval(InternalSchedulerID id) { return App.scheduler.cancel_interval(this, id); }
+
+void Component::set_retry(uint32_t id, uint32_t initial_wait_time, uint8_t max_attempts,
+                          std::function<RetryResult(uint8_t)> &&f, float backoff_increase_factor) {  // NOLINT
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
+  App.scheduler.set_retry(this, id, initial_wait_time, max_attempts, std::move(f), backoff_increase_factor);
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+}
+
+bool Component::cancel_retry(uint32_t id) {
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
+  return App.scheduler.cancel_retry(this, id);
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+}
 
 void Component::call_loop() { this->loop(); }
 void Component::call_setup() { this->setup(); }
@@ -371,7 +397,10 @@ void Component::set_interval(uint32_t interval, std::function<void()> &&f) {  //
 }
 void Component::set_retry(uint32_t initial_wait_time, uint8_t max_attempts, std::function<RetryResult(uint8_t)> &&f,
                           float backoff_increase_factor) {  // NOLINT
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
   App.scheduler.set_retry(this, "", initial_wait_time, max_attempts, std::move(f), backoff_increase_factor);
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
 }
 bool Component::is_failed() const { return (this->component_state_ & COMPONENT_STATE_MASK) == COMPONENT_STATE_FAILED; }
 bool Component::is_ready() const {
@@ -516,12 +545,12 @@ void PollingComponent::call_setup() {
 
 void PollingComponent::start_poller() {
   // Register interval.
-  this->set_interval("update", this->get_update_interval(), [this]() { this->update(); });
+  this->set_interval(InternalSchedulerID::POLLING_UPDATE, this->get_update_interval(), [this]() { this->update(); });
 }
 
 void PollingComponent::stop_poller() {
   // Clear the interval to suspend component
-  this->cancel_interval("update");
+  this->cancel_interval(InternalSchedulerID::POLLING_UPDATE);
 }
 
 uint32_t PollingComponent::get_update_interval() const { return this->update_interval_; }

esphome/core/component.h

@@ -49,6 +49,14 @@ extern const float LATE;
 
 static const uint32_t SCHEDULER_DONT_RUN = 4294967295UL;
 
+/// Type-safe scheduler IDs for core base classes.
+/// Uses a separate NameType (NUMERIC_ID_INTERNAL) so IDs can never collide
+/// with component-level NUMERIC_ID values, even if the uint32_t values overlap.
+enum class InternalSchedulerID : uint32_t {
+  POLLING_UPDATE = 0,  // PollingComponent interval
+  DELAY_ACTION = 1,    // DelayAction timeout
+};
+
 // Forward declaration
 class PollingComponent;
 
@@ -68,6 +76,7 @@ extern const uint8_t STATUS_LED_OK;
 extern const uint8_t STATUS_LED_WARNING;
 extern const uint8_t STATUS_LED_ERROR;
 
+// Remove before 2026.8.0
 enum class RetryResult { DONE, RETRY };
 
 extern const uint16_t WARN_IF_BLOCKING_OVER_MS;
@@ -334,6 +343,8 @@ class Component {
    */
   void set_interval(uint32_t id, uint32_t interval, std::function<void()> &&f);  // NOLINT
 
+  void set_interval(InternalSchedulerID id, uint32_t interval, std::function<void()> &&f);  // NOLINT
+
   void set_interval(uint32_t interval, std::function<void()> &&f);  // NOLINT
 
   /** Cancel an interval function.
@@ -346,69 +357,42 @@ class Component {
   bool cancel_interval(const std::string &name);  // NOLINT
   bool cancel_interval(const char *name);         // NOLINT
   bool cancel_interval(uint32_t id);              // NOLINT
+  bool cancel_interval(InternalSchedulerID id);   // NOLINT
 
-  /** Set an retry function with a unique name. Empty name means no cancelling possible.
+  /// @deprecated set_retry is deprecated. Use set_timeout or set_interval instead. Removed in 2026.8.0.
-   *
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
-   * This will call the retry function f on the next scheduler loop. f should return RetryResult::DONE if
+  ESPDEPRECATED("set_retry is deprecated and will be removed in 2026.8.0. Use set_timeout or set_interval instead.",
-   * it is successful and no repeat is required. Otherwise, returning RetryResult::RETRY will call f
+                "2026.2.0")
-   * again in the future.
-   *
-   * The first retry of f happens after `initial_wait_time` milliseconds. The delay between retries is
-   * increased by multiplying by `backoff_increase_factor` each time. If no backoff_increase_factor is
-   * supplied (default = 1.0), the wait time will stay constant.
-   *
-   * The retry function f needs to accept a single argument: the number of attempts remaining. On the
-   * final retry of f, this value will be 0.
-   *
-   * This retry function can also be cancelled by name via cancel_retry().
-   *
-   * IMPORTANT: Do not rely on this having correct timing. This is only called from
-   * loop() and therefore can be significantly delayed.
-   *
-   * REMARK: It is an error to supply a negative or zero `backoff_increase_factor`, and 1.0 will be used instead.
-   *
-   * REMARK: The interval between retries is stored into a `uint32_t`, so this doesn't behave correctly
-   * if `initial_wait_time * (backoff_increase_factor ** (max_attempts - 2))` overflows.
-   *
-   * @param name The identifier for this retry function.
-   * @param initial_wait_time The time in ms before f is called again
-   * @param max_attempts The maximum number of executions
-   * @param f The function (or lambda) that should be called
-   * @param backoff_increase_factor time between retries is multiplied by this factor on every retry after the first
-   * @see cancel_retry()
-   */
-  // Remove before 2026.7.0
-  ESPDEPRECATED("Use const char* or uint32_t overload instead. Removed in 2026.7.0", "2026.1.0")
   void set_retry(const std::string &name, uint32_t initial_wait_time, uint8_t max_attempts,       // NOLINT
                  std::function<RetryResult(uint8_t)> &&f, float backoff_increase_factor = 1.0f);  // NOLINT
 
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("set_retry is deprecated and will be removed in 2026.8.0. Use set_timeout or set_interval instead.",
+                "2026.2.0")
   void set_retry(const char *name, uint32_t initial_wait_time, uint8_t max_attempts,              // NOLINT
                  std::function<RetryResult(uint8_t)> &&f, float backoff_increase_factor = 1.0f);  // NOLINT
 
-  /** Set a retry function with a numeric ID (zero heap allocation).
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
-   *
+  ESPDEPRECATED("set_retry is deprecated and will be removed in 2026.8.0. Use set_timeout or set_interval instead.",
-   * @param id The numeric identifier for this retry function
+                "2026.2.0")
-   * @param initial_wait_time The wait time after the first execution
-   * @param max_attempts The max number of attempts
-   * @param f The function to call
-   * @param backoff_increase_factor The factor to increase the retry interval by
-   */
   void set_retry(uint32_t id, uint32_t initial_wait_time, uint8_t max_attempts,                   // NOLINT
                  std::function<RetryResult(uint8_t)> &&f, float backoff_increase_factor = 1.0f);  // NOLINT
 
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("set_retry is deprecated and will be removed in 2026.8.0. Use set_timeout or set_interval instead.",
+                "2026.2.0")
   void set_retry(uint32_t initial_wait_time, uint8_t max_attempts, std::function<RetryResult(uint8_t)> &&f,  // NOLINT
                  float backoff_increase_factor = 1.0f);                                                      // NOLINT
 
-  /** Cancel a retry function.
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
-   *
+  ESPDEPRECATED("cancel_retry is deprecated and will be removed in 2026.8.0.", "2026.2.0")
-   * @param name The identifier for this retry function.
-   * @return Whether a retry function was deleted.
-   */
-  // Remove before 2026.7.0
-  ESPDEPRECATED("Use const char* or uint32_t overload instead. Removed in 2026.7.0", "2026.1.0")
   bool cancel_retry(const std::string &name);  // NOLINT
-  bool cancel_retry(const char *name);         // NOLINT
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
-  bool cancel_retry(uint32_t id);              // NOLINT
+  ESPDEPRECATED("cancel_retry is deprecated and will be removed in 2026.8.0.", "2026.2.0")
+  bool cancel_retry(const char *name);  // NOLINT
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("cancel_retry is deprecated and will be removed in 2026.8.0.", "2026.2.0")
+  bool cancel_retry(uint32_t id);  // NOLINT
 
   /** Set a timeout function with a unique name.
    *
@@ -452,6 +436,8 @@ class Component {
    */
   void set_timeout(uint32_t id, uint32_t timeout, std::function<void()> &&f);  // NOLINT
 
+  void set_timeout(InternalSchedulerID id, uint32_t timeout, std::function<void()> &&f);  // NOLINT
+
   void set_timeout(uint32_t timeout, std::function<void()> &&f);  // NOLINT
 
   /** Cancel a timeout function.
@@ -464,6 +450,7 @@ class Component {
   bool cancel_timeout(const std::string &name);  // NOLINT
   bool cancel_timeout(const char *name);         // NOLINT
   bool cancel_timeout(uint32_t id);              // NOLINT
+  bool cancel_timeout(InternalSchedulerID id);   // NOLINT
 
   /** Defer a callback to the next loop() call.
    *

esphome/core/scheduler.cpp

@@ -53,9 +53,12 @@ struct SchedulerNameLog {
     } else if (name_type == NameType::HASHED_STRING) {
       ESPHOME_snprintf_P(buffer, sizeof(buffer), ESPHOME_PSTR("hash:0x%08" PRIX32), hash_or_id);
       return buffer;
-    } else {  // NUMERIC_ID
+    } else if (name_type == NameType::NUMERIC_ID) {
       ESPHOME_snprintf_P(buffer, sizeof(buffer), ESPHOME_PSTR("id:%" PRIu32), hash_or_id);
       return buffer;
+    } else {  // NUMERIC_ID_INTERNAL
+      ESPHOME_snprintf_P(buffer, sizeof(buffer), ESPHOME_PSTR("iid:%" PRIu32), hash_or_id);
+      return buffer;
     }
   }
 };
@@ -137,6 +140,9 @@ void HOT Scheduler::set_timer_common_(Component *component, SchedulerItem::Type
     case NameType::NUMERIC_ID:
       item->set_numeric_id(hash_or_id);
       break;
+    case NameType::NUMERIC_ID_INTERNAL:
+      item->set_internal_id(hash_or_id);
+      break;
   }
   item->type = type;
   item->callback = std::move(func);
@@ -252,6 +258,11 @@ bool HOT Scheduler::cancel_interval(Component *component, uint32_t id) {
   return this->cancel_item_(component, NameType::NUMERIC_ID, nullptr, id, SchedulerItem::INTERVAL);
 }
 
+// Suppress deprecation warnings for RetryResult usage in the still-present (but deprecated) retry implementation.
+// Remove before 2026.8.0 along with all retry code.
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
+
 struct RetryArgs {
   // Ordered to minimize padding on 32-bit systems
   std::function<RetryResult(uint8_t)> func;
@@ -364,6 +375,8 @@ bool HOT Scheduler::cancel_retry(Component *component, uint32_t id) {
   return this->cancel_retry_(component, NameType::NUMERIC_ID, nullptr, id);
 }
 
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop  // End suppression of deprecated RetryResult warnings
+
 optional<uint32_t> HOT Scheduler::next_schedule_in(uint32_t now) {
   // IMPORTANT: This method should only be called from the main thread (loop task).
   // It performs cleanup and accesses items_[0] without holding a lock, which is only

esphome/core/scheduler.h

@@ -46,11 +46,20 @@ class Scheduler {
   void set_timeout(Component *component, const char *name, uint32_t timeout, std::function<void()> func);
   /// Set a timeout with a numeric ID (zero heap allocation)
   void set_timeout(Component *component, uint32_t id, uint32_t timeout, std::function<void()> func);
+  /// Set a timeout with an internal scheduler ID (separate namespace from component NUMERIC_ID)
+  void set_timeout(Component *component, InternalSchedulerID id, uint32_t timeout, std::function<void()> func) {
+    this->set_timer_common_(component, SchedulerItem::TIMEOUT, NameType::NUMERIC_ID_INTERNAL, nullptr,
+                            static_cast<uint32_t>(id), timeout, std::move(func));
+  }
 
   ESPDEPRECATED("Use const char* or uint32_t overload instead. Removed in 2026.7.0", "2026.1.0")
   bool cancel_timeout(Component *component, const std::string &name);
   bool cancel_timeout(Component *component, const char *name);
   bool cancel_timeout(Component *component, uint32_t id);
+  bool cancel_timeout(Component *component, InternalSchedulerID id) {
+    return this->cancel_item_(component, NameType::NUMERIC_ID_INTERNAL, nullptr, static_cast<uint32_t>(id),
+                              SchedulerItem::TIMEOUT);
+  }
 
   ESPDEPRECATED("Use const char* or uint32_t overload instead. Removed in 2026.7.0", "2026.1.0")
   void set_interval(Component *component, const std::string &name, uint32_t interval, std::function<void()> func);
@@ -66,24 +75,45 @@ class Scheduler {
   void set_interval(Component *component, const char *name, uint32_t interval, std::function<void()> func);
   /// Set an interval with a numeric ID (zero heap allocation)
   void set_interval(Component *component, uint32_t id, uint32_t interval, std::function<void()> func);
+  /// Set an interval with an internal scheduler ID (separate namespace from component NUMERIC_ID)
+  void set_interval(Component *component, InternalSchedulerID id, uint32_t interval, std::function<void()> func) {
+    this->set_timer_common_(component, SchedulerItem::INTERVAL, NameType::NUMERIC_ID_INTERNAL, nullptr,
+                            static_cast<uint32_t>(id), interval, std::move(func));
+  }
 
   ESPDEPRECATED("Use const char* or uint32_t overload instead. Removed in 2026.7.0", "2026.1.0")
   bool cancel_interval(Component *component, const std::string &name);
   bool cancel_interval(Component *component, const char *name);
   bool cancel_interval(Component *component, uint32_t id);
+  bool cancel_interval(Component *component, InternalSchedulerID id) {
+    return this->cancel_item_(component, NameType::NUMERIC_ID_INTERNAL, nullptr, static_cast<uint32_t>(id),
+                              SchedulerItem::INTERVAL);
+  }
 
-  ESPDEPRECATED("Use const char* or uint32_t overload instead. Removed in 2026.7.0", "2026.1.0")
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("set_retry is deprecated and will be removed in 2026.8.0. Use set_timeout or set_interval instead.",
+                "2026.2.0")
   void set_retry(Component *component, const std::string &name, uint32_t initial_wait_time, uint8_t max_attempts,
                  std::function<RetryResult(uint8_t)> func, float backoff_increase_factor = 1.0f);
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("set_retry is deprecated and will be removed in 2026.8.0. Use set_timeout or set_interval instead.",
+                "2026.2.0")
   void set_retry(Component *component, const char *name, uint32_t initial_wait_time, uint8_t max_attempts,
                  std::function<RetryResult(uint8_t)> func, float backoff_increase_factor = 1.0f);
-  /// Set a retry with a numeric ID (zero heap allocation)
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("set_retry is deprecated and will be removed in 2026.8.0. Use set_timeout or set_interval instead.",
+                "2026.2.0")
   void set_retry(Component *component, uint32_t id, uint32_t initial_wait_time, uint8_t max_attempts,
                  std::function<RetryResult(uint8_t)> func, float backoff_increase_factor = 1.0f);
 
-  ESPDEPRECATED("Use const char* or uint32_t overload instead. Removed in 2026.7.0", "2026.1.0")
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("cancel_retry is deprecated and will be removed in 2026.8.0.", "2026.2.0")
   bool cancel_retry(Component *component, const std::string &name);
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("cancel_retry is deprecated and will be removed in 2026.8.0.", "2026.2.0")
   bool cancel_retry(Component *component, const char *name);
+  // Remove before 2026.8.0
+  ESPDEPRECATED("cancel_retry is deprecated and will be removed in 2026.8.0.", "2026.2.0")
   bool cancel_retry(Component *component, uint32_t id);
 
   // Calculate when the next scheduled item should run
@@ -100,11 +130,12 @@ class Scheduler {
   void process_to_add();
 
   // Name storage type discriminator for SchedulerItem
-  // Used to distinguish between static strings, hashed strings, and numeric IDs
+  // Used to distinguish between static strings, hashed strings, numeric IDs, and internal numeric IDs
   enum class NameType : uint8_t {
-    STATIC_STRING = 0,  // const char* pointer to static/flash storage
+    STATIC_STRING = 0,       // const char* pointer to static/flash storage
-    HASHED_STRING = 1,  // uint32_t FNV-1a hash of a runtime string
+    HASHED_STRING = 1,       // uint32_t FNV-1a hash of a runtime string
-    NUMERIC_ID = 2      // uint32_t numeric identifier
+    NUMERIC_ID = 2,          // uint32_t numeric identifier (component-level)
+    NUMERIC_ID_INTERNAL = 3  // uint32_t numeric identifier (core/internal, separate namespace)
   };
 
  protected:
@@ -135,7 +166,7 @@ class Scheduler {
 
     // Bit-packed fields (4 bits used, 4 bits padding in 1 byte)
     enum Type : uint8_t { TIMEOUT, INTERVAL } type : 1;
-    NameType name_type_ : 2;  // Discriminator for name_ union (STATIC_STRING, HASHED_STRING, NUMERIC_ID)
+    NameType name_type_ : 2;  // Discriminator for name_ union (0–3, see NameType enum)
     bool is_retry : 1;        // True if this is a retry timeout
                               // 4 bits padding
 #else
@@ -143,7 +174,7 @@ class Scheduler {
     // Bit-packed fields (5 bits used, 3 bits padding in 1 byte)
     enum Type : uint8_t { TIMEOUT, INTERVAL } type : 1;
     bool remove : 1;
-    NameType name_type_ : 2;  // Discriminator for name_ union (STATIC_STRING, HASHED_STRING, NUMERIC_ID)
+    NameType name_type_ : 2;  // Discriminator for name_ union (0–3, see NameType enum)
     bool is_retry : 1;        // True if this is a retry timeout
                               // 3 bits padding
 #endif
@@ -206,6 +237,12 @@ class Scheduler {
       name_type_ = NameType::NUMERIC_ID;
     }
 
+    // Helper to set an internal numeric ID (separate namespace from NUMERIC_ID)
+    void set_internal_id(uint32_t id) {
+      name_.hash_or_id = id;
+      name_type_ = NameType::NUMERIC_ID_INTERNAL;
+    }
+
     static bool cmp(const std::unique_ptr<SchedulerItem> &a, const std::unique_ptr<SchedulerItem> &b);
 
     // Note: We use 48 bits total (32 + 16), stored in a 64-bit value for API compatibility.
@@ -231,11 +268,14 @@ class Scheduler {
                          uint32_t hash_or_id, uint32_t delay, std::function<void()> func, bool is_retry = false,
                          bool skip_cancel = false);
 
-  // Common implementation for retry
+  // Common implementation for retry - Remove before 2026.8.0
   // name_type determines storage type: STATIC_STRING uses static_name, others use hash_or_id
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
   void set_retry_common_(Component *component, NameType name_type, const char *static_name, uint32_t hash_or_id,
                          uint32_t initial_wait_time, uint8_t max_attempts, std::function<RetryResult(uint8_t)> func,
                          float backoff_increase_factor);
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
   // Common implementation for cancel_retry
   bool cancel_retry_(Component *component, NameType name_type, const char *static_name, uint32_t hash_or_id);
 

pyproject.toml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [build-system]
-requires = ["setuptools==80.10.2", "wheel>=0.43,<0.47"]
+requires = ["setuptools==82.0.0", "wheel>=0.43,<0.47"]
 build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
 
 [project]

requirements.txt

@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ pyserial==3.5
 platformio==6.1.19
 esptool==5.1.0
 click==8.1.7
-esphome-dashboard==20260110.0
+esphome-dashboard==20260210.0
-aioesphomeapi==43.14.0
+aioesphomeapi==44.0.0
 zeroconf==0.148.0
 puremagic==1.30
 ruamel.yaml==0.19.1 # dashboard_import

script/api_protobuf/api_protobuf.py

@@ -2277,6 +2277,12 @@ ifdefs: dict[str, str] = {}
 # Track messages with no fields (empty messages) for parameter elision
 EMPTY_MESSAGES: set[str] = set()
 
+# Track empty SOURCE_CLIENT messages that don't need class generation
+# These messages have no fields and are only received (never sent), so the
+# class definition (vtable, dump_to, message_name, ESTIMATED_SIZE) is dead code
+# that the compiler compiles but the linker strips away.
+SKIP_CLASS_GENERATION: set[str] = set()
+
 
 def get_opt(
     desc: descriptor.DescriptorProto,
@@ -2527,7 +2533,11 @@ def build_service_message_type(
             case += "#endif\n"
         case += f"this->{func}({'msg' if not is_empty else ''});\n"
         case += "break;"
-        RECEIVE_CASES[id_] = (case, ifdef, mt.name)
+        if mt.name in SKIP_CLASS_GENERATION:
+            case_label = f"{id_} /* {mt.name} is empty */"
+        else:
+            case_label = f"{mt.name}::MESSAGE_TYPE"
+        RECEIVE_CASES[id_] = (case, ifdef, case_label)
 
         # Only close ifdef if we opened it
         if ifdef is not None:
@@ -2723,6 +2733,19 @@ static void dump_bytes_field(DumpBuffer &out, const char *field_name, const uint
 
     mt = file.message_type
 
+    # Identify empty SOURCE_CLIENT messages that don't need class generation
+    for m in mt:
+        if m.options.deprecated:
+            continue
+        if not m.options.HasExtension(pb.id):
+            continue
+        source = message_source_map.get(m.name)
+        if source != SOURCE_CLIENT:
+            continue
+        has_fields = any(not field.options.deprecated for field in m.field)
+        if not has_fields:
+            SKIP_CLASS_GENERATION.add(m.name)
+
     # Collect messages by base class
     base_class_groups = collect_messages_by_base_class(mt)
 
@@ -2755,6 +2778,10 @@ static void dump_bytes_field(DumpBuffer &out, const char *field_name, const uint
         if m.name not in used_messages and not m.options.HasExtension(pb.id):
             continue
 
+        # Skip class generation for empty SOURCE_CLIENT messages
+        if m.name in SKIP_CLASS_GENERATION:
+            continue
+
         s, c, dc = build_message_type(m, base_class_fields, message_source_map)
         msg_ifdef = message_ifdef_map.get(m.name)
 
@@ -2881,33 +2908,8 @@ static const char *const TAG = "api.service";
 
     cases = list(RECEIVE_CASES.items())
     cases.sort()
-    hpp += " protected:\n"
-    hpp += "  void read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) override;\n"
-    out = f"void {class_name}::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) {{\n"
-    out += "  switch (msg_type) {\n"
-    for i, (case, ifdef, message_name) in cases:
-        if ifdef is not None:
-            out += f"#ifdef {ifdef}\n"
-
-        c = f"    case {message_name}::MESSAGE_TYPE: {{\n"
-        c += indent(case, "      ") + "\n"
-        c += "    }"
-        out += c + "\n"
-        if ifdef is not None:
-            out += "#endif\n"
-    out += "    default:\n"
-    out += "      break;\n"
-    out += "  }\n"
-    out += "}\n"
-    cpp += out
-    hpp += "};\n"
 
     serv = file.service[0]
-    class_name = "APIServerConnection"
-    hpp += "\n"
-    hpp += f"class {class_name} : public {class_name}Base {{\n"
-    hpp_protected = ""
-    cpp += "\n"
 
     # Build a mapping of message input types to their authentication requirements
     message_auth_map: dict[str, bool] = {}
@@ -2922,67 +2924,90 @@ static const char *const TAG = "api.service";
         message_auth_map[inp] = needs_auth
         message_conn_map[inp] = needs_conn
 
-    # Generate optimized read_message with authentication checking
     # Categorize messages by their authentication requirements
     no_conn_ids: set[int] = set()
     conn_only_ids: set[int] = set()
 
-    for id_, (_, _, case_msg_name) in cases:
+    # Build a reverse lookup from message id to message name for auth lookups
-        if case_msg_name in message_auth_map:
+    id_to_msg_name: dict[int, str] = {}
-            needs_auth = message_auth_map[case_msg_name]
+    for mt in file.message_type:
-            needs_conn = message_conn_map[case_msg_name]
+        id_ = get_opt(mt, pb.id)
+        if id_ is not None and not mt.options.deprecated:
+            id_to_msg_name[id_] = mt.name
+
+    for id_, (_, _, case_label) in cases:
+        msg_name = id_to_msg_name.get(id_, "")
+        if msg_name in message_auth_map:
+            needs_auth = message_auth_map[msg_name]
+            needs_conn = message_conn_map[msg_name]
 
             if not needs_conn:
                 no_conn_ids.add(id_)
             elif not needs_auth:
                 conn_only_ids.add(id_)
 
-    # Generate override if we have messages that skip checks
+    # Helper to generate case statements with ifdefs
-    if no_conn_ids or conn_only_ids:
+    def generate_cases(ids: set[int], comment: str) -> str:
-        # Helper to generate case statements with ifdefs
+        result = ""
-        def generate_cases(ids: set[int], comment: str) -> str:
+        for id_ in sorted(ids):
-            result = ""
+            _, ifdef, case_label = RECEIVE_CASES[id_]
-            for id_ in sorted(ids):
+            if ifdef:
-                _, ifdef, msg_name = RECEIVE_CASES[id_]
+                result += f"#ifdef {ifdef}\n"
-                if ifdef:
+            result += f"    case {case_label}:  {comment}\n"
-                    result += f"#ifdef {ifdef}\n"
+            if ifdef:
-                result += f"    case {msg_name}::MESSAGE_TYPE:  {comment}\n"
+                result += "#endif\n"
-                if ifdef:
+        return result
-                    result += "#endif\n"
-            return result
-
-        hpp_protected += "  void read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) override;\n"
-
-        cpp += f"\nvoid {class_name}::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) {{\n"
-        cpp += "  // Check authentication/connection requirements for messages\n"
-        cpp += "  switch (msg_type) {\n"
-
-        # Messages that don't need any checks
-        if no_conn_ids:
-            cpp += generate_cases(no_conn_ids, "// No setup required")
-            cpp += "      break;  // Skip all checks for these messages\n"
-
-        # Messages that only need connection setup
-        if conn_only_ids:
-            cpp += generate_cases(conn_only_ids, "// Connection setup only")
-            cpp += "      if (!this->check_connection_setup_()) {\n"
-            cpp += "        return;  // Connection not setup\n"
-            cpp += "      }\n"
-            cpp += "      break;\n"
-
-        cpp += "    default:\n"
-        cpp += "      // All other messages require authentication (which includes connection check)\n"
-        cpp += "      if (!this->check_authenticated_()) {\n"
-        cpp += "        return;  // Authentication failed\n"
-        cpp += "      }\n"
-        cpp += "      break;\n"
-        cpp += "  }\n\n"
-        cpp += "  // Call base implementation to process the message\n"
-        cpp += f"  {class_name}Base::read_message(msg_size, msg_type, msg_data);\n"
-        cpp += "}\n"
 
+    # Generate read_message with auth check before dispatch
     hpp += " protected:\n"
-    hpp += hpp_protected
+    hpp += "  void read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) override;\n"
+
+    out = f"void {class_name}::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type, const uint8_t *msg_data) {{\n"
+
+    # Auth check block before dispatch switch
+    out += "  // Check authentication/connection requirements\n"
+    if no_conn_ids or conn_only_ids:
+        out += "  switch (msg_type) {\n"
+
+        if no_conn_ids:
+            out += generate_cases(no_conn_ids, "// No setup required")
+            out += "      break;\n"
+
+        if conn_only_ids:
+            out += generate_cases(conn_only_ids, "// Connection setup only")
+            out += "      if (!this->check_connection_setup_()) {\n"
+            out += "        return;\n"
+            out += "      }\n"
+            out += "      break;\n"
+
+        out += "    default:\n"
+        out += "      if (!this->check_authenticated_()) {\n"
+        out += "        return;\n"
+        out += "      }\n"
+        out += "      break;\n"
+        out += "  }\n"
+    else:
+        out += "  if (!this->check_authenticated_()) {\n"
+        out += "    return;\n"
+        out += "  }\n"
+
+    # Dispatch switch
+    out += "  switch (msg_type) {\n"
+    for i, (case, ifdef, case_label) in cases:
+        if ifdef is not None:
+            out += f"#ifdef {ifdef}\n"
+
+        c = f"    case {case_label}: {{\n"
+        c += indent(case, "      ") + "\n"
+        c += "    }"
+        out += c + "\n"
+        if ifdef is not None:
+            out += "#endif\n"
+    out += "    default:\n"
+    out += "      break;\n"
+    out += "  }\n"
+    out += "}\n"
+    cpp += out
     hpp += "};\n"
 
     hpp += """\

script/ci-custom.py

@@ -756,6 +756,53 @@ def lint_no_sprintf(fname, match):
     )
 
 
+@lint_re_check(
+    # Match std::to_string() or unqualified to_string() calls
+    # The esphome namespace has "using std::to_string;" so unqualified calls resolve to std::to_string
+    # Use negative lookbehind for unqualified calls to avoid matching:
+    #   - Function definitions: "const char *to_string(" or "std::string to_string("
+    #   - Method definitions: "Class::to_string("
+    #   - Method calls: ".to_string(" or "->to_string("
+    #   - Other identifiers: "_to_string("
+    # Also explicitly match std::to_string since : is in the lookbehind
+    r"(?:(?<![*&.\w>:])to_string|std\s*::\s*to_string)\s*\(" + CPP_RE_EOL,
+    include=cpp_include,
+    exclude=[
+        # Vendored library
+        "esphome/components/http_request/httplib.h",
+        # Deprecated helpers that return std::string
+        "esphome/core/helpers.cpp",
+        # The using declaration itself
+        "esphome/core/helpers.h",
+        # Test fixtures - not production embedded code
+        "tests/integration/fixtures/*",
+    ],
+)
+def lint_no_std_to_string(fname, match):
+    return (
+        f"{highlight('std::to_string()')} (including unqualified {highlight('to_string()')}) "
+        f"allocates heap memory. On long-running embedded devices, repeated heap allocations "
+        f"fragment memory over time.\n"
+        f"Please use {highlight('snprintf()')} with a stack buffer instead.\n"
+        f"\n"
+        f"Buffer sizes and format specifiers (sizes include sign and null terminator):\n"
+        f"  uint8_t:          4 chars   - %u (or PRIu8)\n"
+        f"  int8_t:           5 chars   - %d (or PRId8)\n"
+        f"  uint16_t:         6 chars   - %u (or PRIu16)\n"
+        f"  int16_t:          7 chars   - %d (or PRId16)\n"
+        f"  uint32_t:         11 chars  - %" + "PRIu32\n"
+        "  int32_t:          12 chars  - %" + "PRId32\n"
+        "  uint64_t:         21 chars  - %" + "PRIu64\n"
+        "  int64_t:          21 chars  - %" + "PRId64\n"
+        f"  float/double:     24 chars  - %.8g (15 digits + sign + decimal + e+XXX)\n"
+        f"                    317 chars - %f (for DBL_MAX: 309 int digits + decimal + 6 frac + sign)\n"
+        f"\n"
+        f"For sensor values, use value_accuracy_to_buf() from helpers.h.\n"
+        f'Example: char buf[11]; snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%" PRIu32, value);\n'
+        f"(If strictly necessary, add `{highlight('// NOLINT')}` to the end of the line)"
+    )
+
+
 @lint_re_check(
     # Match scanf family functions: scanf, sscanf, fscanf, vscanf, vsscanf, vfscanf
     # Also match std:: prefixed versions

tests/components/ld2450/common.yaml

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 ld2450:
   - id: ld2450_radar
+    on_data:
+      then:
+        - logger.log: "LD2450 Radar Data Received"
 
 button:
   - platform: ld2450

tests/components/mipi_rgb/common.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+display:
+  - platform: mipi_rgb
+    spi_id: spi_bus
+    model: ZX2D10GE01R-V4848
+    update_interval: 1s
+    color_order: BGR
+    draw_rounding: 2
+    pixel_mode: 18bit
+    invert_colors: false
+    use_axis_flips: true
+    pclk_frequency: 15000000.0
+    pclk_inverted: true
+    byte_order: big_endian
+    hsync_pulse_width: 10
+    hsync_back_porch: 10
+    hsync_front_porch: 10
+    vsync_pulse_width: 2
+    vsync_back_porch: 12
+    vsync_front_porch: 14
+    data_pins:
+      red:
+        - number: 10
+        - number: 16
+        - number: 9
+        - number: 15
+        - number: 46
+      green:
+        - number: 8
+        - number: 13
+        - number: 18
+        - number: 12
+        - number: 11
+        - number: 17
+      blue:
+        - number: 47
+        - number: 1
+        - number: 0
+        - number: 42
+        - number: 14
+    de_pin:
+      number: 39
+    pclk_pin:
+      number: 45
+    hsync_pin:
+      number: 38
+    vsync_pin:
+      number: 48
+    data_rate: 1000000.0
+    spi_mode: MODE0
+    cs_pin:
+      number: 21
+    show_test_card: true

tests/components/mipi_rgb/test.esp32-p4-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+packages:
+  spi: !include ../../test_build_components/common/spi/esp32-p4-idf.yaml
+
+psram:
+
+<<: !include common.yaml

tests/components/mipi_rgb/test.esp32-s3-idf.yaml

@@ -4,58 +4,4 @@ packages:
 psram:
   mode: octal
 
-display:
+<<: !include common.yaml
-  - platform: mipi_rgb
-    spi_id: spi_bus
-    model: ZX2D10GE01R-V4848
-    update_interval: 1s
-    color_order: BGR
-    draw_rounding: 2
-    pixel_mode: 18bit
-    invert_colors: false
-    use_axis_flips: true
-    pclk_frequency: 15000000.0
-    pclk_inverted: true
-    byte_order: big_endian
-    hsync_pulse_width: 10
-    hsync_back_porch: 10
-    hsync_front_porch: 10
-    vsync_pulse_width: 2
-    vsync_back_porch: 12
-    vsync_front_porch: 14
-    data_pins:
-      red:
-        - number: 10
-        - number: 16
-        - number: 9
-        - number: 15
-        - number: 46
-          ignore_strapping_warning: true
-      green:
-        - number: 8
-        - number: 13
-        - number: 18
-        - number: 12
-        - number: 11
-        - number: 17
-      blue:
-        - number: 47
-        - number: 1
-        - number: 0
-          ignore_strapping_warning: true
-        - number: 42
-        - number: 14
-    de_pin:
-      number: 39
-    pclk_pin:
-      number: 45
-      ignore_strapping_warning: true
-    hsync_pin:
-      number: 38
-    vsync_pin:
-      number: 48
-    data_rate: 1000000.0
-    spi_mode: MODE0
-    cs_pin:
-      number: 21
-    show_test_card: true

tests/components/template/common-base.yaml

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ esphome:
         id: template_water_heater
         target_temperature: 50.0
         mode: ECO
+        away: false
+        is_on: true
 
     # Templated
     - water_heater.template.publish:
@@ -20,6 +22,8 @@ esphome:
         current_temperature: !lambda "return 45.0;"
         target_temperature: !lambda "return 55.0;"
         mode: !lambda "return water_heater::WATER_HEATER_MODE_GAS;"
+        away: !lambda "return true;"
+        is_on: !lambda "return false;"
 
     # Test C++ API: set_template() with stateless lambda (no captures)
     # NOTE: set_template() is not intended to be a public API, but we test it to ensure it doesn't break.
@@ -414,6 +418,8 @@ water_heater:
     current_temperature: !lambda "return 42.0f;"
     target_temperature: !lambda "return 60.0f;"
     mode: !lambda "return water_heater::WATER_HEATER_MODE_ECO;"
+    away: !lambda "return false;"
+    is_on: !lambda "return true;"
     supported_modes:
       - "OFF"
       - ECO

tests/components/uart/common.h

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ class MockUARTComponent : public UARTComponent {
 
   MOCK_METHOD(bool, read_array, (uint8_t * data, size_t len), (override));
   MOCK_METHOD(bool, peek_byte, (uint8_t * data), (override));
-  MOCK_METHOD(int, available, (), (override));
+  MOCK_METHOD(size_t, available, (), (override));
   MOCK_METHOD(void, flush, (), (override));
   MOCK_METHOD(void, check_logger_conflict, (), (override));
 };

tests/components/voice_assistant/common-idf.yaml

@@ -68,3 +68,24 @@ voice_assistant:
     - logger.log:
         format: "Voice assistant error - code %s, message: %s"
         args: [code.c_str(), message.c_str()]
+  on_timer_started:
+    - logger.log:
+        format: "Timer started: %s"
+        args: [timer.id.c_str()]
+  on_timer_updated:
+    - logger.log:
+        format: "Timer updated: %s"
+        args: [timer.id.c_str()]
+  on_timer_cancelled:
+    - logger.log:
+        format: "Timer cancelled: %s"
+        args: [timer.id.c_str()]
+  on_timer_finished:
+    - logger.log:
+        format: "Timer finished: %s"
+        args: [timer.id.c_str()]
+  on_timer_tick:
+    - lambda: |-
+        for (auto &timer : timers) {
+          ESP_LOGD("timer", "Timer %s: %" PRIu32 "s left", timer.name.c_str(), timer.seconds_left);
+        }

tests/components/voice_assistant/common.yaml

@@ -58,3 +58,24 @@ voice_assistant:
     - logger.log:
         format: "Voice assistant error - code %s, message: %s"
         args: [code.c_str(), message.c_str()]
+  on_timer_started:
+    - logger.log:
+        format: "Timer started: %s"
+        args: [timer.id.c_str()]
+  on_timer_updated:
+    - logger.log:
+        format: "Timer updated: %s"
+        args: [timer.id.c_str()]
+  on_timer_cancelled:
+    - logger.log:
+        format: "Timer cancelled: %s"
+        args: [timer.id.c_str()]
+  on_timer_finished:
+    - logger.log:
+        format: "Timer finished: %s"
+        args: [timer.id.c_str()]
+  on_timer_tick:
+    - lambda: |-
+        for (auto &timer : timers) {
+          ESP_LOGD("timer", "Timer %s: %" PRIu32 "s left", timer.name.c_str(), timer.seconds_left);
+        }