[aqi] Implement a sensor that computes AQI (#12958)

Co-authored-by: jas <jas@asspa.in>

tests/components/aqi/common.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+sensor:
+  - platform: template
+    id: pm25_sensor
+    name: "PM2.5"
+    lambda: "return 25.0;"
+
+  - platform: template
+    id: pm10_sensor
+    name: "PM10"
+    lambda: "return 50.0;"
+
+  - platform: aqi
+    name: "Air Quality Index (AQI)"
+    pm_2_5: pm25_sensor
+    pm_10_0: pm10_sensor
+    calculation_type: AQI
+
+  - platform: aqi
+    name: "Air Quality Index (CAQI)"
+    pm_2_5: pm25_sensor
+    pm_10_0: pm10_sensor
+    calculation_type: CAQI

tests/components/aqi/test.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<<: !include common.yaml

tests/components/aqi/test.esp8266-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<<: !include common.yaml

tests/components/aqi/test.rp2040-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<<: !include common.yaml

tests/components/pmsx003/common.yaml

@@ -25,7 +25,4 @@ sensor:
       name: Particulate Count >5.0um
     pm_10_0um:
       name: Particulate Count >10.0um
-    aqi:
-      name: AQI
-      calculation_type: AQI
     update_interval: 30s